必修三Unit2Makingadifference課時(shí)2（學(xué)生版）

Unit2MakingadifferenceSectionⅡUsinglanguage過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作定語(yǔ)教材鏈接用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.（教材P18）...Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewords_______（speak）byhisteacher...2.（教材P20）InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthe_______（finish）wellwithhisowneyes.3.（教材P20）Many_______（inspire）peoplegavehimtheirsupport.以上句子中words，well和people分別與動(dòng)作speak，finish和inspire之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此___________形式做定語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法精講一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置1.單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，通常置于被修飾詞前。thebrokenclock壞了的鐘表thestolenbackpack被偷走的背包(1)有些過(guò)去分詞，往往置于被修飾詞后。Thereislittletimeleft.時(shí)間不多了。(2)過(guò)去分詞修飾something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody等不定代詞或those時(shí)，常置于這些詞的后面。Therewillbesomethingchanged.有些東西要改變了。Heisoneofthoseinvited.他是那些被邀請(qǐng)的人之一。(3)有些過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，前置和后置的意義不同。thetoolused使用過(guò)的工具theusedtool舊的工具theconcernedexpression擔(dān)憂的表情thestudentconcerned有關(guān)的學(xué)生2.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，常置于被修飾詞后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。MostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartycamefromBeijing.＝MostofthepeoplewhowereinvitedtothepartycamefromBeijing.大部分被邀請(qǐng)參加派對(duì)的人來(lái)自北京。二、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的意義不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表示動(dòng)作已完成；而及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成，抑或兩者兼具。1.只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)意義boiledwater＝waterthathasboiled開(kāi)(過(guò)的)水thefallenleaves＝theleavesthathavefallen落葉adevelopedcountry＝acountrywhichhasdeveloped發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家2.表示被動(dòng)意義anhonouredguest一位受尊敬的客人deeplymovedpeople深受感動(dòng)的人們3.表示被動(dòng)和完成意義thebrokenglass碎了的杯子thequestiondiscussedyesterday昨天討論的問(wèn)題(1)英語(yǔ)中有很多與感覺(jué)有關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞有被動(dòng)意義，即“使人產(chǎn)生某種感覺(jué)”。moved受感動(dòng)的amused感到有意思的pleased高興的(2)有些及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)意義，而表示一種狀態(tài)或結(jié)果。Dressedinwhite，shelookedverybeautiful.穿著白衣服，她看起來(lái)很漂亮。Theboyseatedatthebackoftheclassroomisclever.坐在教室后面的這男孩很聰明?！緶剀疤崾尽咳说谋砬?、聲音如look，expression，voice，sound，tear等用過(guò)去分詞修飾。Therewasasurprisedlookonherfaceseeingwhathavehappened.看到所發(fā)生的事情后，她臉上出現(xiàn)了驚訝的表情。三、現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過(guò)去分詞一般表示被動(dòng)含義。2.現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或做完(完成)的事。Herushedintotheburninghouse.他沖進(jìn)了正在燃燒著的房子。Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.站在那兒的男孩子是我弟弟。Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.朝南的房間是我們的教室。Haveyougotyourwatchrepaired?你拿到那個(gè)修好的表了嗎？Heisanadvancedteacher.他是個(gè)先進(jìn)教師。3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用于描述某人或某物的感受或狀態(tài)；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用于描述由什么原因引起某人的感受。Interestedmemberswillmeetattwoo’clock.感興趣的會(huì)員在兩點(diǎn)碰頭。AsfarasI’mconcerned，thisisaninterestingfilm.就我而言，這是一部令人感興趣的影片。單詞拼寫(xiě)1._______n.職責(zé)；使命2._______n.疾病，病3._______n.地區(qū)，地方4._______n.癌癥5._______adj.王室的，皇家的6._______n.機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體詞匯拓展1._______v.持續(xù)；延伸→extensionn.擴(kuò)大；延伸→extendedadj.延長(zhǎng)了的；長(zhǎng)期的2._______n.殘疾，殘障→disabledadj.殘疾的→disablev.使傷殘3._______adj.敏感的，容易生氣的→sensen.感覺(jué)；意識(shí)v.感覺(jué)到；覺(jué)察出→sensibleadj.明智的；合理的4._______adj.慷慨的，大方的→generosityn.慷慨，大方5._______v.遲疑，猶豫→hesitationn.遲疑，猶豫hesitantadj.猶豫的；不情愿的6._______n.幫助，援助→assistv.幫助，援助→assistantn.助手adj.助理的，副的7._______n.登記，注冊(cè)→registerv.登記，注冊(cè)n.登記表；登記簿8._______n.證實(shí)，證明→confirmv.證實(shí)，證明→confirmedadj.成習(xí)慣的；根深蒂固的Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)互譯1.____________開(kāi)始從事；占用(時(shí)間、空間或精力)；承擔(dān)2.____________提出；相處3.____________幽默感4.____________(使)振作起來(lái)5.____________自愿做6.____________偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；偶然遇到7.____________籌款8.playanimportantrolein____________9.besuitablefor____________10.inspiteof____________11.takeamoment____________12.____________做筆記Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)句型1.howtodo結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)Ithinkthesupportwhichisneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationon_________________________.我認(rèn)為需要的支持包括回收水的新技術(shù)以及關(guān)于如何使用和節(jié)約水的教育。核心詞匯1.takeup開(kāi)始從事；占用(時(shí)間、空間或精力)；拿起；承擔(dān)；繼續(xù)Since1953，UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld，includingthoselivingwithdiseasesordisabilities...（教材P23）自1953年以來(lái)，聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)承擔(dān)了長(zhǎng)期的任務(wù)，那就是幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家的兒童，包括那些患有疾病或殘疾的兒童……情境佳句Myclassmateshadtakenupacollectionandboughtmeschoolsuppliesandmanyclothes.同學(xué)們紛紛募捐，給我買(mǎi)了學(xué)習(xí)用品和許多衣服。Duringtherest,Trashauntookupashirtthatsays“Fivefingerscanalsomakeit”,whichwaspreparedforJayce.休息時(shí)，Trashaun拿起了一件為Jayce準(zhǔn)備的襯衫，上面寫(xiě)著“Fivefingerscanalsomakeit”。Shetookuphersewingafterthevisitorhadgone.客人走后她繼續(xù)做她的針線活。2.extendv.持續(xù)；延伸；伸展情境佳句Themainstemwillextendtoaround12feet,iflefttodevelopnaturally.如果讓其自然生長(zhǎng)，主干會(huì)延長(zhǎng)到12英尺左右。HeextendedhisarmsinfrontofhimasifhewereprayingtoGod.他向前伸出雙臂,好象在向上帝禱告求助。Webuiltanextensionontotheschool,sonowwehavetwomoreclassrooms.我們把學(xué)校擴(kuò)建了一些，因此現(xiàn)在我們又多了兩間教室。歸納拓展extendto...延長(zhǎng)到……extensionn.延長(zhǎng)；延期；擴(kuò)大；伸展extendedadj.延長(zhǎng)了的；長(zhǎng)期的3.disabilityn.殘疾，殘障Since1953,UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld,includingthoselivingwithdiseasesordisabilities...（教材P23）情境佳句①Hewasabletoleadanormallife,despitetheillness.盡管生病了，但他仍能過(guò)正常的生活。②You’dbetterhaveafacetofacetalkwithyourmother,whichwillenablebothofyoutounderstandeachotherbetter.你最好和你媽媽面對(duì)面談一談，這樣你們倆能更好地相互了解。③Lackingconfidencecanlimittheirabilitytoparticipatefullyandbenefitfromthepractice.缺乏自信會(huì)限制他們充分參與并從實(shí)踐中獲益的能力。歸納拓展4.sensitiveadj.敏感的，容易生氣的He’ssensitiveandratherserious...（教材P23）他很敏感，而且相當(dāng)嚴(yán)肅......情境佳句People'scharacterswerebelievedtobeverysensitivetomusic.人們的性格曾被認(rèn)為是對(duì)音樂(lè)非常敏感的。Itmakessensethatsmokingshouldbebannedinallpublicplacesforthesakeofhealth.出于健康考慮，應(yīng)在所有公共場(chǎng)所禁止吸煙。Walkingintheschoolcampus,Ihadastrongsenseofbelonging.走在學(xué)校的校園里，我有一種強(qiáng)烈的歸屬感。歸納拓展（1）besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感的/體貼的（2）sensen.感覺(jué)，意識(shí)inasense在某種意義上makesense講得通，有意義makesenseof理解asenseof一種……的感覺(jué)5.generousadj.慷慨的，大方的She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.（教材P23）她通常很害羞，但是她很慷慨，很愿意幫助人。情境佳句①Theoldmanisalwaysgeneroustothedisabled，sotheyalllikehim.老人對(duì)殘疾人總是很慷慨，所以他們都喜歡他。Hewasgenerouswithhistimeinhelpingmelearnputers，forwhichIwasgrateful.他毫不吝惜自己的時(shí)間幫我學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)，對(duì)此我非常感激。Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhismoney.Luckily,akindmanhelpedhimwithgenerosity.他把所有的錢(qián)都丟了，陷入了絕望的境地。幸好一個(gè)好心人慷慨地幫助了他。歸納拓展（1）begenerouswithsth.在……方面很慷慨begeneroustosb.對(duì)某人很大方（2）generosityn.慷慨，大方withgenerosity慷慨地，大方地6.hesitatev.遲疑，猶豫She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.（教材P23）她通常很害羞，但是她很慷慨，很愿意幫助人。情境佳句Thecoupleweremovedbymystory,andtheycouldn’thesitatetoofferhelp.那對(duì)夫婦被我的故事感動(dòng)了，他們毫不猶豫地提供了幫助。Withouthesitation,Johnlookedattheracket,tookitfromAlan’shandandputitbackinthebox.約翰毫不猶豫地看了看球拍，把它從艾倫手里拿過(guò)來(lái)，放回盒子里。Shelookedhesitantbutfinallyagreed,realizingsheneededthesupport.她看起來(lái)很猶豫，但最終還是同意了，因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到自己需要支持。歸納拓展（1）hesitatetodosth.遲疑做某事；不愿做某事hesitateabout/over（doing）sth.對(duì)（做）某事猶豫不決（2）hesitationn.遲疑；猶豫withouthesitation毫不猶豫地（3）hesitantadj.猶豫的；不情愿的7.assistancen.幫助,援助InChina,volunteersarealsoplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinenvironmentalprotection,disabilityassistanceandmanyotherfields.（教材P24）在中國(guó)，志愿者在環(huán)境保護(hù)、殘疾人救助等諸多領(lǐng)域也發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越重要的作用。情境佳句①Despitehiscries,noonecametohisassistance.盡管他喊叫，卻沒(méi)有人來(lái)幫助他。Withtheassitanceoftheneighboursthefirewasatlastbroughtundercontrol.在鄰里們的幫助下,火勢(shì)終于被控制住了。Toassistotherswithone’sownabilityisalsoakindofliftingafinger.用自己的能力幫助別人也是一種舉手之勞。歸納拓展（1）etoone’sassistance幫助某人withtheassistanceof...在……的幫助下（2）assistv.幫助assistsb.withsth.在……上幫助某人assistsb.todosth.=assistsb.indoingsth.幫助某人做某事（3）assistantn.助手;助理8.eupwith提出；想出；趕上Heoftenesupwithgoodideas.(教材P23)他總是能想出好點(diǎn)子。情境佳句Becauseofmyslowthinking,ittookmetwominutestoeupwithananswer.由于我思維遲鈍，我花了兩分鐘才想出答案。AgroupoflittlegirlscameuptoSusanfromoutside,jumpingandtalkinghappily.一群小女孩從外面走到蘇珊跟前，高興地跳著談?wù)撝?。Asshecontinuedonherjourney,Lilycameacrossallsortsofinterestingpeopleandplaces.當(dāng)繼續(xù)她的旅程時(shí)，莉莉遇到了各種有趣的人和地方。歸納拓展eout出現(xiàn)；出版；(花)開(kāi)放；結(jié)果是eabout發(fā)生eup發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；走近；被提出eto總計(jì)；達(dá)到(某狀況)；蘇醒eacross偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；偶然遇到[易錯(cuò)提醒]eupwith為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；eup為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Wewillsendyouwritten________（證明）ofouroffershortly.2.Thepath________（延伸）beyondtheendoftheroad.3.Sheisdeaf,butrefusestolether________（殘疾）preventherfromdoingwhatshewantstodo.4.Itwas________（慷慨的）ofyoutolendmethemoney.5.She________（遲疑）slightlybeforeansweringthedetective’squestion.6.Thepanyneedsmorefinancial________（幫助）fromthegovernment.7.Theteamwasgivena________（盛大的）wele.8.________（登記）forthecoursewilltakeplaceaweekbeforethestartoftheterm.9.My________（職責(zé)）inlifeistoeducatetherichaboutthesufferingofthepoor.10.Theyreportedasuddenoutbreakofthe________（疾病）inthesouthofthecountry.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Thegarden________(extend)asfarasthefootofthehill.2.OntheExchangeteamitisourmission________(delight)ourcustomerseveryday.3.Canyounamesome________(disease)connectedwithsmoking?4.He________(generous)contributedalotofmoneytothevillageprimaryschoollastweek.5.Westandreadytoprovidewhatever________(assist)isnecessarytoyourdevelopment.6.Youcannotlookatachildandtellifheorshehasalearning________(disable).7.Therehasstillbeennoofficial________(confirm)ofthereport.8.Don'thesitate________(contact)meifyouneedanymoreinformation.9.Ilikeeating________(freeze)foodwhilemyyoungerbrotherdoesn’t.10.Student________(register)startsthefirstweekinSeptember.Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)填空1.Thegirldecidedto___________(開(kāi)始從事)theworktotakecareofthosewithdisability.2.There’snodoubtthattheconsumers