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MBA(英語(yǔ))-試卷3
(總分140,做題時(shí)間90分鐘)
1.Vocabulary
SectionIVocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentences
inthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,
B,CandD.Choosetheonethat**pletesthesentenceandmarkyour
answersonANSWERSHEET1.
1.
Nancyissopoorthatevenfiftydollarsabigsumtoher.
SSSSI'GI.ESI,.I
CAis
Bare
rCadd
Dequal
分值:2
答案:A
解析:fiftydollars雖為復(fù)數(shù)形式,但它被視作一整體,即一筆錢(qián),因此,
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是單數(shù)形式,因此排除B,得出A為正確選擇。C和D均不合題意。
2.
Blackpeoplearebynomeans_____whitepeople.
|SSS^SINGLE_SEL
Ainferiorover
Bmoreinferiorthan
Cinferiorto
Dmoreinferiorto
分值:2
答案:C
解析:inferior是形容詞比較級(jí),不用連詞than,所以選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。
3.
Shehadherfinger_____whenshewascuttingpaper.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
「Acut
Bcutting
「Ctocut
'Dcuts
分值:2
答案:A
解析:分詞可用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系為主謂關(guān)系(即賓語(yǔ)是
動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者),賓補(bǔ)用現(xiàn)在分詞:如賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(即賓
語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者),賓補(bǔ)用過(guò)去分詞。
4.
Jeandidnothavetimetogototheconcertlastnightbecauseshe
wasbusy______forherexamination.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
Atoprepare
rBDpreparing
Ctobeprepared
Dbeingprepared
分值:2
答案:B
解析:bebusy+動(dòng)詞+ing是習(xí)慣用法,故選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。在該習(xí)慣用法
中,主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞+ing具有主謂關(guān)系,所以可以排除D項(xiàng)。全句的意思為:簡(jiǎn)昨
晚沒(méi)有時(shí)間去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì),因?yàn)樗τ趶?fù)習(xí)迎考。
5.
lie**etocallonyouIhemoinc'iithehiswork.
ISSS_SINGLE_SEL
rAwillfinish
'Bhadfinished
「Cfinishes
'Dfinished
分值:2
答案:C
解析:某些表示時(shí)間的名詞加上the后可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,如the
minute,themoment,thesecond等,題中,themoment后即為一時(shí)間狀晤從
句。
6.
Allisacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI
Awhatisneeded
Bthetimeneeded
Cforourneeds
Dthatisneeded
分值:2
答案:D
解析:空當(dāng)后出現(xiàn)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和空當(dāng)前的all組成一完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu);據(jù)此推
斷:空當(dāng)處為一定語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句。what不可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,A即可排除。B和C
語(yǔ)義不通,也可排除。因此,D為正確選擇。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作
主語(yǔ)。題意為:所需要的一切是不斷提供基本的生活必需品。
7.
Itbytheendoflastyearthenewstudentdormitory
buildinghad**pleted.
ISSSSINGLESEL
Awas???which
Bwas…that
Chadbeen???which
Dhadbeen…that
分值:2
答案:B
解析:顯然本題為一強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句…因此,首先排除A和
Co因?yàn)閺?qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不能用其他詞代替that。強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中be動(dòng)詞只有兩個(gè)形
式:is和was,如強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的情況,be為is;如強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的情況,be用was,
因此,排除D,得出B為正確選擇。
8.
Lifeisacandletoburneverbrighter.
ISSSSINGLESEL
Abeingmeant
'Bmeaning
rrCt+omean
Dmeant
分值:2
答案:D
解析:從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō),四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以作candle的定語(yǔ),但從題意來(lái)看,只
有D才符合。Mean一詞可以表示“打算,主觀(guān)希望,預(yù)計(jì)要使……(成為……
或怎么樣)”,這時(shí),它常常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如:Hewasmeanttobecomea
greatman.人們?cè)认M蔀橐粋€(gè)偉大的人物(不是他自己想成為,而是別
人有這樣的打算或希望)。因此,Candleismeanttoburneverbrighter意
思是:“人們希望蠟燭(或蠟燭應(yīng)該)越燃越亮?!北绢}從空當(dāng)部分到最后是一
過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),作定語(yǔ),修飾限定candle。整個(gè)句子也可寫(xiě)成Lifeisa
candle(whichis)meanttoburneverbrighter,題意為:生命是一支應(yīng)該
越燃越亮的蠟燭。
9.
Ifwedon'treceiveanyreplybytomorrowmorning,Ishallhaveto
himonthephone.
ISSS_SINGLE_SEI.
「Agetto
Bgetonto
Cgetonwith
Dgetover
分值:2
答案:B
解析:getto意為“到達(dá),開(kāi)始";getonto意為“與……聯(lián)系,與……接
觸”;getonwith意為“與...相處,繼續(xù)做...";getover意為“克
服,原諒”。根據(jù)空格后面的onthephone(通過(guò)電話(huà))可知,應(yīng)該選用geton
tOo
10.
Althoughthefalsebanknotesfooledmanypeople,theydidnot
closeexamination.
ISSS_SINGLE_SEL
Aputup
r
Bkeepup
Cstandupto
r
Dlookupto
分值:2
答案:C
解析:putup意為“舉行,上演";keepup意為"繼續(xù),保持";standup
to意為“經(jīng)得起,勇敢地抵抗";lookupto意為“仰望,尊敬”。所填之詞
的主語(yǔ)是falsebanknotes,賓語(yǔ)是closeexamination(嚴(yán)格的檢驗(yàn)),所以應(yīng)
該選用standuptoo
11.
Mostpeoplecan〃tthedaywithoutatleastonecupofteaor
coffee.
ISSS_SINGLE_SEI
Agetthrough
Bgeton
「Cgetat
'Dgetby
分值:2
答案:A
解析:getthrough意為“挨過(guò),度過(guò)";geton意為“相處融洽,繼續(xù)”;
getat意為“到達(dá),了解";getby意為“維持生活”。所填之詞的賓語(yǔ)是
theday(一天),所以應(yīng)該選用.getthrough0
12.
Ifthevalue-addedtaxwasdoneawaywith,itwouldactasa
toconsumption.
ISSSSINGLESEL
CAAprogressi.on
*Bprime
Cstimulus
Dstability
分值:2
答案:C
解析:progression意為“行進(jìn),級(jí)數(shù)”;prime意為“青春,精華”;
stimulus意為“刺激,促進(jìn)因素”;stability意為“穩(wěn)定,穩(wěn)定性”。句子
的主語(yǔ)是thevalue-addedtax,根據(jù)后面的toconsumption可知,應(yīng)選
stimuluso
13.
Thelawyeradvisedhimtodropthe,sincehestandslittle
chancetowin.
ISSS_SINGLE_SEI.
Acase
Bevent
「Caffair
Dincident
分值:2
答案:A
解析:case意為“事例,訟案”;event意為“事件,事變”,指重大活動(dòng)、
重大事件或具有歷史意義的事件;incident意為“事件,事變”,指打破正常
秩序或引起突發(fā)危機(jī)的現(xiàn)象或事件;affair意為“事情,事務(wù)”,指業(yè)務(wù)或其
他職業(yè)上的事情或公事。句子的主語(yǔ)是Thelawyer,根據(jù)后面的stands
littlechancetowin可知,應(yīng)選case0
14.
Itissaidthatonehundreddollarscanhardlyonenightata
tophotelinShanghai.
|SSS^STNGLE_SE1
「Apay
Bcover
rrCspend,
'Dcost
分值:2
答案:B
解析:pay意為“支付,交納”,指因所提供的服務(wù)或商品而付給錢(qián),通常與
for搭配使用,主語(yǔ)為人;cover意為“足以支付,足以補(bǔ)償”,指足夠支付或
抵消……的花費(fèi)和價(jià)錢(qián),主語(yǔ)為物;spend意為“花費(fèi),花去”,指用去或花
去時(shí)間或金錢(qián),通常構(gòu)成spend...in/on短語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)為人;cost意為“花
費(fèi),付代價(jià)”,指某物花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間或金錢(qián)。所填之詞的主語(yǔ)是onehundred
dollars,所以應(yīng)該選用cover..
15.
Accordingtoarecentpoll,61percentofAmericanhighschool
studentsadmitted_____cheatingonexamsatleastonce.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI
「Ato
「Bon
rCof
'Dfor
分值:2
答案:A
解析:admitto意為“承認(rèn)……事實(shí)、錯(cuò)誤等";admitof意為“容許有,
有……的可能”;其他兩項(xiàng)搭配不當(dāng)。根據(jù)空格后面的cheating(作弊)可知,
應(yīng)該選用tOo
16.
Itisobviousthatofabout40%willbeattractiveifthe
dollarreallystabilizes.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI.
Amanufacture
「Byield
rCrcreat4i?ng
Dreceiving
分值:2
答案:B
解析:manufacture意為“制造”,指生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的行為、技藝或流程;yield意
為“收益”,指投資的收益、回報(bào);creating意為“創(chuàng)造”,指有目的地把原
材料制成新產(chǎn)品;receiving意為“接受”,指拿到或獲得被給予、贈(zèng)予或者
寄送的東西。根據(jù)空格后面的ifthedollarreallystabilizes(如果美元確
實(shí)穩(wěn)定的話(huà))可知,本句話(huà)講的是經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,所以應(yīng)該選用yield。
17.
Afterhisuncledied,theyoungmanthebeautifulestatewith
whichhechangedfromapoormantoawealthynoble.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI
Ainhabited
Binherited
「Cinhibited
rDinhaled
分值:2
答案:B
解析:本題考點(diǎn)為幾個(gè)形近動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)意為“居住”,B項(xiàng)意為“繼
承”,C項(xiàng)意為“禁止”,D項(xiàng)意為“吸入”。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。
18.
About20ofthepassengerswhowereinjuredinaplanecrasharesaid
tobein_____condition.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI
Adecisive
Burgent
「Cvital
3Dcritical
分值:2
答案:D
前析:本題考的是形容詞與名詞的搭配。A項(xiàng)意為“決定性的”,B項(xiàng)意為“急
迫的”,C項(xiàng)意為“重大的”,D項(xiàng)意為“危機(jī)的”。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)D為正確
答案。
19.
ThehighlivingstandardsoftheUScauseitspresentpopulationto
_____25percentoftheworld'soil.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEI.
Aassume
Bconsume
rCrresume
Dpresume
分值:2
答案:B
解析:本題考點(diǎn)為動(dòng)詞的近形辨析。A意為“假定”,B意為“消耗”,C意為
“再繼續(xù)”,D意為“推測(cè),假定”。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。
20.
widespreadbelief,cockroaches(螳螂)wouldnottakeoverthe
worldiftherewerenoonearoundtosteponthem.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
AInviewof
'BThanksto
CIncaseof
DContraryto
分值:2
答案:D
解析:本題的考點(diǎn)是介詞短語(yǔ)的固定搭配。A意為“考慮到,由于“,B意為
“多虧”,C意為“如果,萬(wàn)一”,D意為“與……相反”。根據(jù)上下文,選項(xiàng)
D為正確答案。
2.Cloze
SectionIIClozeDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Foreach
numberedblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.choices
thebestoneandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecan**munityinterests,from
spendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorganizationsto
practicallyfulltimeworkforasocialagency.Justasthereare
opportunitiesforvoluntaryservice[1](VSO)foryoungpeoplebefore
theytakeupfulltimeemployment,sothereareopportunitiesfor
overseasservicefor[2]techniciansindevelopingcountries.Some
people,particularlythosewhoretireearly,offertheirtechnical
andbusinessskillsincountries[3]thereisaspecialneed.So
inconsideringvoluntaryor**munityservicetherearemore
opportunitiesthanthereeverwerewhenonefirstbeganwork.Most
voluntaryorganizationshaveonlyasmallfulltime[4],anddepend
verymuchonvolunteersandpart-timers.Thismeansthatworking
relationshipsaredifferentfromthoseincommercialorganizations,
andvaluesmaybedifferent.[5]somewaystheymayseemmorecasual
andlessefficient,butoneshouldnotjudgethembycommercial
criteria.Thepeoplewhoworkwiththemdosofordifferentreasons
andwithdifferent[6],bothpersonalandorganizational.Oneshould
notjointhem[7]toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise;theymust
bejoinedtothecause,notbusinessefficiency.Because
salariesaresmallornon-existent.Manyvoluntarybodiesoffer
modestexpenses.Butmanyretiredpeopletakepartincommunity
servicefor【8】,simplybecausetheyenjoythework.**munity
activitiespossible[9]retirementwerealsopossibleduringone's
workinglifebuttheyaretobeundertakennolessseriouslyfor
that.Retiredpeoplewhoarejustlookingforsomethingdifferentor
unusualtodoshouldnotconsider[10]communityservice.
ISSSSINGLESEL
1.
「AAoversea
Boversea
rCroverseas
Doverseas
分值:2
答案:D
解析:本題測(cè)試副詞。本文講的是參加志愿服務(wù)的事情。根據(jù)后面的overseas
service(海外服務(wù))可知,應(yīng)該選用overseas。
ISSSSINGLESEL
2.
Aquantity
Bqualifying
Cquality
'Dqualified
分值:2
答案:D
解析:本題測(cè)試異義形容詞。所填之詞修飾technicians(技術(shù)人員)。
quantity是名詞,意為“量,數(shù)量";qualifying意為“使具有資格的“;
quality是名詞,意為“質(zhì)量,品質(zhì)";qualified意為“有資格的,合格
的”,指具備職務(wù)、職位或任務(wù)所需的適當(dāng)資格的。本句話(huà)是說(shuō)這些人可以從
事海外服務(wù),所以應(yīng)該選用qualifiedo
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
3.
「Awhich
Bwhere
「Cas
8Dthat
分值:2
答案:B
解析:本題測(cè)試引導(dǎo)詞。所填之詞引導(dǎo)句子修飾incountries,是地點(diǎn),只能
選用whereo
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
4.
r
Ateam
Bnumber
「Cstaff
Dcrowd
分值:2
答案:C
解析:本題測(cè)試近義名詞。team意為“隊(duì),組”,指處于同一邊的一組;
number意為"一群人",指人或單位的全體;staff意為“職員,工作人
員”,指在職、在編人員;crowd意為“一群人,一伙人”,指無(wú)秩序地聚集
在一起的一大群人。本句話(huà)講的是志愿機(jī)構(gòu)的全職人員,所以應(yīng)該選用
staffo
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
5.
CAIn
「BBy
CCWith
'DThrough
分值:2
答案:A
解析:本題測(cè)試搭配。所填之詞應(yīng)該與someways搭配。只有insomeways是
固定搭配,意為“在某些方面”。應(yīng)該選用in。
ISSSSINGLE?SEL
6.
Asubjective
Bsubject
Cobjectives
Dobjects
分值:2
答案:c
解析:本題測(cè)試異義名詞。subjective意為“主格,主觀(guān)事物";subject意
為“主題,題目”,指討論、研究作品等的主題或題目;objective意為“目
的,目標(biāo)”,指努力爭(zhēng)取或設(shè)想獲得的事物;。bject意為“物體,目標(biāo)”,指
用視覺(jué)或觸覺(jué)可以感覺(jué)到的東西。所填之詞應(yīng)該與前面的reason(原因)為同一
種范疇,所以應(yīng)該選用objectiveSo
ISSS^SINGLE_SEL
7.
Aexpecting
Btoexpect
Cbeingexpected
Dexpected
分值:2
答案:A
解析:本題測(cè)試動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。所填之詞引導(dǎo)短語(yǔ)作目色狀單。expecting表示
主動(dòng);toexpect為將來(lái)的動(dòng)作;beingexpected表示進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng);
expected表示被動(dòng)。根據(jù)句子可知,B^C的時(shí)態(tài)明顯不對(duì);句子的主語(yǔ)是
one,說(shuō)的是“加入他們,指望怎么樣”,顯然應(yīng)該是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以應(yīng)該選用
expectingo
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
8.
「Afree
Bfreedom
rCrmoney
Dsomething
分值:2
答案:A
解析:本題測(cè)試搭配。所填之詞應(yīng)該與前面的for搭配。forfree是固定搭
配,意為“免費(fèi)地”,所以應(yīng)該選用free。
[SSS_SINGLE_SEL
9.
'Abefore
「Bon
rCin
「Dat
分值:2
答案:C
解析:本題測(cè)試介詞。before意為“在……時(shí)間之前”;on指時(shí)間時(shí)意為“在
指定的時(shí)間”;in指時(shí)間時(shí)意為“在……期間”;at指時(shí)間時(shí)意為“在時(shí)刻、
年節(jié)或年齡”。所填之詞應(yīng)該與后面的during(在……期間)同義,所以應(yīng)該選
用in。
ISSSSINGLE_SE1
10.
Atobetaken
r
Btotake
「Ctaking
Dbeingtaken
分值:2
答案:C
解析:本題測(cè)試動(dòng)名詞。consider后面如果接動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)該將動(dòng)詞變成動(dòng)名詞,
所以A、B不對(duì);本句話(huà)的主語(yǔ)是人,應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以D也不對(duì)。應(yīng)該選
用taking。
3.ReadingComprehension
SectionIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowing
fourpassages.Answerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosing
A,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Theevolutionofthesocialscienceshasreachedacrucialpointthat
mightbecalledaphasechangeinwhichold,atomistic,and
impressionisticwaysofdoingresearcharesupersededbyafarmore
systematicandunitedmethodology.Tobringsocialsciencestothe
levelofrigoralreadyachievedbysomeofthephysicalsciences,a
newtypeoffacilitywillbeneeded.Thiswillbeatrans-
disciplinary,Internet-basedcollaboratorythatwillprovidesocial
andbehavioralscientistswiththedatabases,softwareandhardware
tools,andotherresourcestoconductworldwideresearchthat
integratesexperimental,survey,geographic,andeconomic
methodologiesonamuchlargerscalethanwaspossiblepreviously.
Thisfacilitywillenableadvancedresearchandprofessional
educationineconomics,sociology,politicalscience,social
geography,andrelatedfields.Inmanybranchesofsocial
sciences,anewemphasisontherigorofformallaboratory
experimentationhasdrivenresearcherstodevelopprocedureand
softwaretoconductonlineinteractionexperiment**puterterminals
attachedtolocalareanetworks.Theopportunitytoopenthese
laboratoriestotheInternetwillreducethecostperresearch
participantandincreasegreatlythenumberofinstitutions,
researchers,students,andresearchparticipantswhocantakepart.
Thescaleofsocialsciencesexperimentationcanincreasebyanorder
ofmagnitudeormore,examiningamuchwiderrangeofphenomenaand
ensuringgreatconfidenceinresultsthroughmultiplereplicationof
crucialstudies.Technologyforadministeringquestionnaires
toverylargenumbersofrespondentsovertheInternetwill
revolutionizesurveyresearch.Datafrompastquestionnairesurveys
canbethespringboardfornewsurveyswithvastlylargernumbersof
respondentsatlowercostthanbytraditionalmethods.Integrated
researches**binemodulesusingbothquestionnaireandexperimental
methods.Resultscanbelinkedviageographicanalysistoother
sourcesofdataincludingcensusinformation,economicstatistics,
anddatafromotherexperimentsandsurveys.Longitudinalstudies
willconducttime-**parisonsacrossdatasetstochartsocialand
economictrends.Eachnewstudywillbedesignedsothatthedata
automaticallyandinstantlybecomespartofthearchives,and
scientificpublicationswillbelinkedtothedatasetsonwhichthey
arebasedsothatthenetworkbecomesauniversalknowledgesystem.
ISSSSINGLESEL
1.
A〃phasechange”(Para.1)isoneinwhich
r
Aanoldperiodendsandanewperiodbegins.
r....
Bagradualinvisibletransitiontakesplace.
Cfragmentsareunitedintoawhole.
Dsocial**etobeunitedwithphysicalsciences.
分值:2
答案:A
解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。phasechange是一個(gè)物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的術(shù)語(yǔ),指“變相”,而
“相”指其各組成部分。文章第一段指出:社會(huì)科學(xué)的發(fā)展已經(jīng)到達(dá)了一個(gè)可
以被稱(chēng)作“階段性變化”的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,在這個(gè)時(shí)期,過(guò)時(shí)的、原子論的、根據(jù)
主觀(guān)印象的研究方法被一種更系統(tǒng)、更統(tǒng)一的研究方法所取代。根據(jù)“…are
supersededby-(……被……所取代)”可知,該短語(yǔ)的意思應(yīng)該是“舊階段結(jié)
束,新階段開(kāi)始”。這與A的意思相符。B不準(zhǔn)確;C為該短語(yǔ)在物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域
的意思,在此不合適;文中沒(méi)有提到Do
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
2.
Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthat
f-'
Athereshouldbenodifferenceinmethodologybetweenphysical
andsocialsciences.
Bsocialscienceslagfarbehindphysicalscienceintermsof
methodology.
Csocialscienceshaveachievedlittleduetolimiteddata.
DtheInternetcanneveradvancescientificresearchunlessit
isproperlyused.
分值:2
答案:B
而析:推論題。文章第一段指出:社會(huì)科學(xué)的發(fā)展已經(jīng)到達(dá)了一個(gè)可以被稱(chēng)作
“階段性變化”的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,在這個(gè)時(shí)期,過(guò)時(shí)的、原子論的、根據(jù)主觀(guān)印象
的研究方法被一種更系統(tǒng)、更統(tǒng)一的研究方法所取代;為了使社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究
達(dá)到某些自然科學(xué)已經(jīng)達(dá)到的精確程度,我們需要一種新設(shè)備。由此可以推
知,社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究方法落后于自然科學(xué)。這與B的意思相符。文中沒(méi)有提到
A;文中說(shuō)的是社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究方法落后,并沒(méi)有說(shuō)其數(shù)據(jù)有限,所以C不對(duì);
文中是說(shuō)“這將是一個(gè)跨學(xué)科的、以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的‘公共實(shí)驗(yàn)室',這種實(shí)
驗(yàn)室將……使他們能夠在比以往更大的規(guī)模上,將實(shí)驗(yàn)、調(diào)查、地理學(xué)以及經(jīng)
濟(jì)學(xué)的方法結(jié)合起來(lái),進(jìn)行全球范圍的研究”,說(shuō)明D不對(duì)。
ISSSSINGLESEL
3.
Whydoresearchersbegintoshowinterestinonlineinteraction
experiment?
AToreducethecostperresearchparticipant.
BToupgradethelevelofrigorofresearchinsocialsciences.
CToconductworldwideresearchthatwasunfeasiblebefore.
DTotakefulladvantageofachievementsmadebyphysical
sciences.
分值:2
答案:B
曲析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段指出:在許多社會(huì)科學(xué)分支領(lǐng)域里,對(duì)正規(guī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室
實(shí)驗(yàn)方法的精確性的重新重視,促使了研究人員研究研發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)程序和軟件,以
便利用與局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的計(jì)算機(jī)終端進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)互動(dòng)式實(shí)驗(yàn);通過(guò)一個(gè)或多個(gè)數(shù)
量級(jí)可以擴(kuò)大社會(huì)科學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)模,從而可以研究更廣泛的現(xiàn)象,并通過(guò)多次
重復(fù)關(guān)鍵性研究確保研究結(jié)果的可信度。這說(shuō)明,原因是為了提高精確度。這
與B的意思相符。文中是說(shuō)“向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開(kāi)放這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室,將會(huì)降低每個(gè)研究參
與者的研究成本,大幅度增加能夠參與研究的機(jī)構(gòu)、研究人員、學(xué)者以及其他
研究參與者的人數(shù)”,這是開(kāi)放網(wǎng)絡(luò)互動(dòng)式實(shí)驗(yàn)可能帶來(lái)的好處,不是研究人
員開(kāi)始對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)互動(dòng)式實(shí)驗(yàn)感興趣的原因,所以A不對(duì);文中沒(méi)有提到C和D。
|SSS^SINGLE_SEL
4.
ThegreatestadvantagewiththeInternet-basedcollaboratorymaylie
in
「.....
Athegreatercostreductionandavailabilityofdatain
research.
Bitspromptnessinputtingresearchresultsintopractice.
r
Citscapabilitytoreexaminethevalidityoftraditional
research.
Ditspotentialityinintegratingsocialsciencesintophysical
sciences.
分值:2
答案:A
解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段指出:向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)開(kāi)放這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室將會(huì)降低每個(gè)研究
參與者的研究成本,大幅度增加能夠參與研究的機(jī)構(gòu)、研究人員、學(xué)者以及其
他研究參與者的人數(shù);通過(guò)一個(gè)或多個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)可以將社會(huì)科學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)規(guī)模提
高,從而可以研究更廣泛的現(xiàn)象,并通過(guò)多次重復(fù)關(guān)鍵性研究確保研究結(jié)果的
可信度;第三段指出:過(guò)去的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查得到的數(shù)據(jù)可以用作新調(diào)查的依據(jù),使
得新調(diào)查比利用傳統(tǒng)方法進(jìn)行調(diào)查的成本更低,被調(diào)查的人數(shù)也多得多;還可
以把地域分析和其他來(lái)源的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來(lái)得出結(jié)論。這說(shuō)明,這種方法最大的
優(yōu)勢(shì)是降低成本與提高精確度。這與A的意思相符。文中是說(shuō)“縱向研究將對(duì)
各類(lèi)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行歷時(shí)比較,以便繪制出社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)”,而文中并沒(méi)有
說(shuō)這是以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的“公共實(shí)驗(yàn)室”的好處,所以B不對(duì);文中沒(méi)有提到
C;文中是說(shuō)“綜合性研究可以聯(lián)合使用問(wèn)卷和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法的模式”,說(shuō)明D不
對(duì)。
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
5.
Allofthefollowingaredefeatswiththetraditionalsurveyinthe
formofquestionnairesEXCEPT
「....
Aarestrictedrangeofinvestigation.
r
Bgreatercostinadministeringthem.
ClackofSparedwithexperiments.
Ddifficultyinbeingconfirmedbyotherkindsofresearch.
分值:2
答案:C
骨析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段指出:過(guò)去的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查得到的數(shù)據(jù)可以用作新調(diào)查
的依據(jù),使得新調(diào)查比利用傳統(tǒng)方法進(jìn)行調(diào)查的成本更低,被調(diào)查的人數(shù)也多
得多;綜合性研究可以聯(lián)合使用問(wèn)卷和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法的模式,還可以把地域分析和
其他來(lái)源的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來(lái)得出結(jié)論。這說(shuō)明,A、B和D都是以問(wèn)卷進(jìn)行的傳統(tǒng)
調(diào)查的缺陷。只有C文中沒(méi)有提到。
Noreferencebook,perhapsnobookofanykindexcepttheBible,is
sowidelyusedas“thedictionary”.Evenhousesthathavefewbooks
ornoneatallpossessatleastonedictionary;mostbusinessoffices
havedictionaries,andmosttypistskeepacopyontheirdesks;at
onetimeoranothermostgirlsandboysarerequiredbytheir
teacherstoobtainanduseadictionary.Admittedly,the
dictionaryisoftenusedmerelytodeterminethecorrectspellingof
words,ortofindouttheacceptedpronunciation,andsuchauseis
perhapsnotthemostimportantfromanintellectualpointofview.
Dictionariesmay,however,havesocialimportance,foritisoftena
matterofsomeconcerntothepersonusingthedictionaryforsuch
purposethatheshouldnotsuggesttoothers,bymisspellingaword
inaletter,ormispronouncingitinconversation,thatheisnot
^well-bred77,andhasnotbeenwelleducated.Yet,despitethis
familiaritywiththedictionary,theaveragepersonislikelytohave
manywrongideasaboutit,andlittleideaofhowtouseit
profitably,orinterpretitrightly.Forexample,itisoften
believedthatthemerepresenceofawordinadictionaryisevidence
thatitisacceptableingoodwriting.Thoughmostdictionarieshave
asystemofmarkingwordsasobsolete,orinuseonlyasslang,many
people,moreespeciallyiftheiruseofaparticularwordhasbeen
challenged,arelikelytoconclude,iftheyfinditinadictionary,
thatitisacceptedasbeingusedbywritersofestablished
reputation.Thiswouldcertainlyhavebeentrueofdictionariesa
hundredyearsorsoago.Foralongtimeaftertheywerefirstfirmly
establishedintheeighteenthcentury,theiraimwastoincludeonly
whatwasusedbythebestwriters,andallelsewassuppressed,and
**pilerfrequentlyclaimedthatthisdictionarycontained〃low〃
words.Apparentlythisaspectofthedictionaryachievedsuch
importanceinthemindoftheaveragepersonthatmostpeopletoday
areunawareofthegreatchangethathastakenplaceinEpilationof
present-daydictionaries.Similarly,theordinarymaninvariably
supposesthatonedictionaryisasgoodandauthoritativeasanother,
and,moreover,believesthat"thedictionary"hasabsoluteauthority,
andquotesittoclincharguments.Althoughthisisanadvantage,in
thatthedictionarypresentsadefinitionthebasicmeaningofwhich
can〃tbealteredbythespeaker,yetitcouldbeacceptedonlyifall
dictionariesagreedontheparticularpointinquestion.But
ultimatelytheauthorityofthedictionaryrestsonlyonthe
authorityoftheman**piledit,and,howevercarefulhemaybe,a
dictionary-makerisfallible:reputabledictionariesmaydisagreein
theirjudgments,andindeeddifferentsectionsofthesamedictionary
maydiffer.
|SSS_SINGLE_SEL
6.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
ATheBibleisthemostwidelyusedreferencebook.
r
BThedictionaryisthemostwidelyusedreferencebook.
CThedictionaryisactuallythemorewidelyusedbookthanthe
Bible,
rDTheBibleisusedaswidelyasthedictionary.
分值:2
答案:D
解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段指出,沒(méi)有任何參考書(shū),也許沒(méi)有任何書(shū)像“詞
典”這樣被廣泛地應(yīng)用一一除了《圣經(jīng)》之外。這說(shuō)明,詞典的應(yīng)用同《圣
經(jīng)》一樣廣泛。這與D項(xiàng)的意思相符。A、B和C都與文章的意思不相符。
ISSSSINGLESEL
7.
By"thegreatchange“inpresent-daydictionaries,theauthorimplies
that
Adictionariesseemtohavemanywrongideasinthemforthe
averagepersons.
Bmanyaveragepersonsdonotknowhowtousethedictionaries
profitably.
Cwordsappearinginapresent-daydictionarymaynotbe
acceptableingoodwriting.
p
Ddictionarieshavedifferentsystemsofmarkingthewordsthey
contain.
分值:2
答案:C
解析:推論題。文章第三段后半部分指出,自從18世紀(jì)詞典首次得到明確規(guī)定
后,很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以來(lái),詞典的宗旨就只是用來(lái)收錄最優(yōu)秀的作家所使用的詞匯,
所有其他的詞匯都被禁止收錄,所以編輯者總是宣稱(chēng)這樣的詞典收錄的詞匯
“少”;顯然,詞典的這個(gè)方面在普通入的心目中占據(jù)了如此重要的位置,以
至于如今大多數(shù)人們并不知道現(xiàn)代的詞典編輯工作己發(fā)生過(guò)巨大的變化。這說(shuō)
明,優(yōu)秀的寫(xiě)作中可能不認(rèn)同現(xiàn)代詞典中出現(xiàn)的詞匯。這與C項(xiàng)的意思相符。
A、B是文中明確說(shuō)明的,不必推論就可知結(jié)果,所以不對(duì);文中只是說(shuō)''盡管
大多數(shù)詞典有一套標(biāo)明某些單詞已棄用的體系”,并沒(méi)有說(shuō)“詞典在標(biāo)明其所
收錄的詞匯方面有不同的體系”,所以D不對(duì)。
[SSS_SINGLE_SEL
8.
Manypeopledonotrealizethat
Aitisnoteasyfordictionary-makerstocompileadictionary.
Bdictionarieshaveachievedsuchimportancetoday.
Cadictionarytodaymaycontain〃low〃words.
Dwordsinadictionarymaybeoutofdateorusedonlyas
slang.
分值:2
答案:C
骨析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段指出,自從18世紀(jì)詞典首次得到明確規(guī)定后,很長(zhǎng)
時(shí)間以來(lái),詞典的宗旨就是只用來(lái)收錄最優(yōu)秀的作家所使用的詞匯,所有其他
的詞匯都被禁止收錄,所以編輯者總是宣稱(chēng)這樣的詞典收錄的詞匯“少”;如
今大多數(shù)人們并不知道現(xiàn)代的詞典編輯工作己發(fā)生過(guò)巨大的變化。這說(shuō)明,大
多數(shù)人并不知道現(xiàn)代的詞典收錄的詞匯“少”。這與C項(xiàng)的意思相符。文中沒(méi)
有提到A、B;D與文章的意思不相符。
|SSS^STNGLE_SEI
9.
Whencanonequotefromdictionariestosettlehisarguments
decisively?
AWhenhelooksupinadictionarythathasabsoluteauthority.
「......
BWhenthebasicmeaningofawordfoundinonedictionaryis
confirmedinotherones.
CWhenadictionarypresentsadefinitionthatthebasicmeaning
ofwhichcannotbealteredbythespeakers.
DWhen**pilerofthedictionaryisareputableperson.
分值:2
答案:B
而析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段指出,普通入總是以為,“這本詞典”有絕對(duì)的
權(quán)威,并且引用它來(lái)支持自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn);盡管這是一種優(yōu)勢(shì),因?yàn)樵~典給出了某
個(gè)定義的基本意思,說(shuō)話(huà)者不可能改變這個(gè)意思,但是,只有在所有詞典對(duì)爭(zhēng)
論的要點(diǎn)解釋相同時(shí)這個(gè)意思才可能被接受。這說(shuō)明,只有好幾本詞典對(duì)爭(zhēng)論
的要點(diǎn)解釋相同時(shí),人們才能引用詞典支持自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。這與B項(xiàng)的意思相
符。A是普通入的觀(guān)點(diǎn),與文章的意思不符;C也與文章的意思不符;文中沒(méi)有
提到D。___________
ISSS_SINGLE_SE1
10.
Accordingtotheauthor,differencesbetweendictionariesorina
dictionaryusuallyresultfrom
「....
Avarieddefinitionsofaword.
r
Bthedifferentpurposesofmakingthem.
'Cmisinterpretationsofusers.
Ddifferentjudgmentof**pilers.
分值:2
答案:D
而析:細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段指出,詞典的權(quán)威性最終只依賴(lài)于詞典編輯者的
權(quán)威性,并且,無(wú)論他可能多么仔細(xì),詞典編輯者都可能犯錯(cuò)誤,聲譽(yù)好的詞
典也可能在觀(guān)點(diǎn)上有分歧,實(shí)際上,同一本詞典的不同部分也可能有差別。這
說(shuō)明,作者認(rèn)為,不同詞典之間或者一本詞典中存在差異通常源于編輯者的觀(guān)
點(diǎn)不同。這與D項(xiàng)的意思相符。A、B和C都與文章的意思不符。
TheSupremeCourt'sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarry
importantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedying
patientsofpainandsuffering.Althoughitruledthatthereisno
constitutionalrighttophysician-assistedsuicide,theCourtin
effectsupportedthemedicalprincipleof/zdoubleeffect,a
centuries-oldmoralprincipleholdingthatanactionhavingtwo
effects-agoodonethatisintendedandaharmfulonethatis
foreseen--ispermissibleiftheactorintendsonlythegoodeffect.
Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusing
highdosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients"pain,even
thoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.Nancy
Dubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthatthe
principlewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,verystrongly
insistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficientmedicationto
controltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath.〃GeorgeAnnas,
chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBostonUniversity,maintains
that,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugforalegitimatemedical
purpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingillegalevenifthepatientuses
thedrugtohastendeath.〃It〃slikesurgery,z,hesays.〃Wedon't
callthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctorsdidn'tintendtokill
theirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.Ifyou〃rea
physician,youcanriskyourpatient'ssuicideaslongasyoudon't
intendtheirsuicide.〃Onanotherlevel,manyinthe**munity
acknowledgethattheassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpart
bythedespairofpatientsforwhommodernmedicinehasprolongedthe
physicalagonyofdying.JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt's
rulingonphysician-assiste
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