泰安市2024屆高三三模英語(yǔ)試卷（含答案）

泰安市2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試模擬試題 英語(yǔ) 2024.05注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B，C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheAmazonTheAmazonRiver,thebasinofwhichcovers2.3millionsquaremiles,isincrediblybiodiversewithover30,000speciesofplantsand1,800speciesofbirds.ItplaysanimportantroleinadjustingtheclimateinNorthandSouthAmerica.TheRiveranditsforestsarethreatenedbyhumanactivity,primarypollutionandrapidresourcedepletion(損耗).TheOfficeoftheAmericanStatesDepartmentofSustainableDevelopmentisworkingtomanagethethreats.TheMississippiTheMississippirisesinwesternMinnesotaandflowssouthfor2,530milesintotheGulfofMexico.Millionsofpeopleinover50citiesusewaterfromtheMississippi,andtheriverisalsousedforshippingandagriculture.Hundredsofanimalspecies,including60%ofNorthAmerica'sbirds,calltheareaaroundtheMississippiRiverhome,butriverpollutionandshorelinehabitatdestructionthreatentodisplacethem.Fortunately,manyprojectsandorganizationsaredevotedtoitsconservation.TheDanubeTheDanubeRiverbeginsinwesternGermany,flowingover1,775milesintotheBlackSea.Itspans19countries.TheDamubefeaturesarichlydiverseecosystem,hosting55differentspeciesoffish.CitiesacrossEuropeusetheDanubeforpowergenerationandagriculture,andtherearemorethan700damsintotal.Unfortunately,thisriverisoverfishedandheavilypolluted.TheInternationalCommissionfortheProtectionoftheDanubeRiverwasestablishedin1998tomanageitsconservation.TheMekongTheMekongRiverisanecessarypartofSoutheastAsia'slandscape,culture,andeconomy.AlsocalledtheLancangRiver,itstartsinChina,stretchingover2,850milesthroughBurma,Laos,Thailand,Cambodia,andVietnam.Itsbasinprovidesmorethan65millionpeoplewithfood,drinkingwater,power,andtransportation.DamsandpowerplantsareharmingMekong'secosystems.OrganizationssuchasConservationInternationalareworkingtoprotecttheriverbyadvocatingforitssustainabledevelopment.1.Birdsareaffectedmostaround.A.TheAmazonB.TheMississippiC.TheDanubeD.TheMekong2.HowmanyfishspeciesdoestheDanubehost?A.70.B.65.C.55.D.50.3.Whatdothatfourrivershaveincommon?A.Theycontributetopowerproduction.B.TheyHowthroughmultiplecountries.C.Theyaretroubledbydamconstructions.D.Theyareunderprotectionoforganizations.BAreyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can'trecallthetitleofabook?I'vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.Anewstudyfinds.Taistudycanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid-70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10-mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis26-30.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon'thavedementiabutthey'renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities,Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,people.experiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey'regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedamorestrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikecomposingdancingmoves.4.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor'sdoubts.B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness.D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Cognitiveassessmentmethods.B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria.D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.6.Whatdoesthepre-bestaveragescoreoftheparticipantsimply?A.Mostofthemsufferfrom,dementia.B.Theyremainasquick-mindedasbefore.C.Manyofthemhaveslightcognitivedecline.D.Theycanprotectthemselvesagainstdementia.7.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsresolvechallenges.B.Itinvolvesmind-bodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears.D.Itimprovestheparticipantsacademiclevel.CTheoceanishometomorethan200,000knownspeciesandasmanyas2millionthatwehaveyetto

discover.And,itisalsohometo24.4trillionpiecesofmicroplastics.In2022,researchersspotlightedhowbadmarinemicroplasticpollution,isgetting:Thetotalamountofmicroplasticsonthebottomofoceanshasgreatlyincreased.inthepasttwodecades.Microplasticparticlesdon'tjustendupatthebottomoftheocean.Animalsareeatingthem—atleast1,500specieshavebeenreportedtoingestplastic.Andalotofit.Forexample,whalesinNewZealand'sHaurakiGulfconsumeroughlythreemillionmicroplasticsdaily,accordingtoresearchpublishedinScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,whichanalyzedwhalewastetoseehowmuchmicroplasticswerepresent.“Otherresearchhasshownthatifplasticsaresmallenough,theycancrossthegut(腸道)wallandgetintointernalorgansthoughthelong-termeffectsarestillunclear.Plasticscanalsoreleasechemicalsthatareharmfultodigestivesystem,”saysKahane-Rapport.“Thisisconcerning,andwhilewedonotyetunderstandthelong-termhealth-effects,itislikelynotagoodsignforwhalesandtheirprey(獵物)toeataman-mademateriallikeplastic.”Thisisobviouslybadforwhales,butitalsohaseffectsonhumansandtheoceanatlarge.Wearealsopartofthesefoodchainsandareconsumingmicroplasticsregularly.Theyareinourbottledwater,inourtablesalt—theyareeveninourhousedustandintheairwebreathe.Andwestilldon'tknowwhatthehealtheffectsare.Meanwhile,theimpactonwhales—andwhatitindicates—istroublingonmanyfronts“Whalesareecosystemengineers,”saysKahane-Rapport.“Theycanspreadthenutrientsthattheyconsumedandserveasecosystemguards—whenwhalesarenothealthy,otherpartsofthesystemwillsufferKahane-Rapportsaysmoreresearchisneeded.“Thenextresearchstepwillbetodeterminehowmuchplasticthewhalesexcrete(排出)andhowmuchisleftintheirbodies.Followingthat,wewouldbeabletodeterminethedirecthealtheffectsontheirtissues.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingest”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Dealwith.B.Bringup.C.Takein.D.Spreadout.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Researchesshowcontradictoryresults.B.Digestivesystemisthemostaffectedpart.C.Smallplasticsaremoreharmfulthanbigones.D.Muchaboutmicroplastics'harmremainsunclear.'10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thevarioussourcesofpollution.B.Tabchainreactionofmicroplastics.C.Possiblesolutionstoplasticpollution.D.Growingawarenessofoceanprotection11.Whatwillthefollowingresearchfocuson?A.MicroplasticpollutiontotheoceanbottomB.Thesufferingsofotheroceancreatures.C.Whales'contributionstotheecosystem.D.Theamountofplasticinbrakesbodies.DOffAustralia'snortherncoast,theremainsofancientcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)formthebedrockofwoodedislands,whicharehometodiverseanimalsandplants,includingmangrove(紅樹(shù)林)foreststhatblankettheircoastsandserveasvitalhabitatsandcarbonstorers.Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.Mangrovesabsorbcarbondioxideandstoreitas“bluecarbon”,atermforcarbonthatishiddenawayinoceanenvironments.“There'salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange,”saysKerryleeRogers,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofWollongonginAustralia.Butthereremainalotofquestions

aroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.Theywalkedthroughtheseawatertoassesstheplantdiversityandmeasureindividualtrees.Usingthemeasuredwidthsandheightsofseveralmangroves,theteamcalculatedtreewidthsfortherestoftheforestfromthedatatoestimatethetotalmangrovequantity.Theislandshostnearly54,000metrictonsofmangroves,theteamestimates,whichisroughly10,000moremetrictonsthantherewasin1973.TheHowickIslandsareuniquelysuitedtosupportingmangrovesastheoceanrises.AttheendoftheLastGlacialMaximum,around12,000yearsago,waterlevelsrosearoundnorthernAustralia,andcoralreefsgrewupwardtofillthespacethathadopenedforthem.Whensealevelsfellthousandsofyearslater,theexposedreefsbecamesediment(沉積物).Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalt-tolerantmangroves.RogersandHamyltonarenowworkingonabiggerefforttostudymangovesaroundAustralia."Ifwe'regoingtoinvestinmangrovestoprovideusbluecarbonandtoprotectshorelines,weneedtounderstandhowdynamictheyare,"Rogerssays.12、Whatcanbeknownaboutbluecarbon?A.Itisproducedbyoceanwater.B.Itismassivelypresentintheair.C.Itisfriendlyenvironment.D.Itisnutritiousformangroves.13.WhatisthepurposeofHamylton'sresearch?A.Tomeasurethesizeofmangroves.B.Tofigureoutwheretoplantmangroves.C.Toconfirmwhetherlocalnaturalenvironmentispolluted.D.Toseehowthemangrovesrespondtosealevelrise.14.WhatmakestheHowickIslandsthesuitablehabitatsformangroves?A.Thediversityofoceanlife.B.Theincreaseofcoralreefs.C.Thecombinationofsaltwaterandsediment.D.Theformationofthebedrockofwoodedislands.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleofthetext?A.ClimateChangeCausesSeaLevelRiseB.SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoostC.EnvironmentonAustraliaIslandsIsImprovingD.ClimateWarmingPosesDangersToMangroves第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsforPlanningaNatureWalkWithYourChildWhenitcomestoplanninganaturewalk,thekeytiptokeepinmindistohavefunwithit!16Ifchildrenaregiventheopportunitytoexperiencenature,eveninsimpleways,interactionandengagementfollowquitenaturally.Letyourchildrengetdirty.Ifyourlittleoneisanxioustocrawl(爬)inthedirttogetabetterlookatworms,thengoforit!17Researchsuggeststhatkidswhoplaythedirtareexposedtobacteria,germsandvirusesthatcanhelpbuildtheirimmune(免疫)systemandreducetherisksofcertainallergiesandillnesseslaterinlife.18Encouragethemtostoptoturnoverrocks,touchmoss,andwhentheycan,climbonandoverrocksandfallentrees.Whatevertheenvironment,whichyouassessforanyunreasonabledanger,thechildrencansetthepace——stimulatingconfidence,flexibility,problem-solving,creativity,andasenseofwonder.Getcreative.19Davissuggestspretendingplay,suchasusingastickasaswordormagicwand,ormakingupstoriesabouttheitemsfoundduringyourwalk.Yourfindingsalsoworkgreatforanartproject.“Collectingrockswhileonyournaturewalkcanlaterhepaintedandre-purposedasbeautifulworksofart,”saysDavis.Letolderchildrenbemoreadventurous.Fortheolderkids,it'sallshoutmakingadeeperconnectionwiththeworldaroundthem.Witholderkids,youcanencouragethemtoconnectwithnatureonadeeperlevelbyexploringtheirsenses.20.A.Assessenvironment.B.Haveyourchildrenleadtheway.C.Natureisperfectforachild'screativity.D.Naturewalksdon'thavetobecomplicated.E.Dirtmightgetabadreputation,butitshouldn't.F.Tryhavingthemwalkbarefootondifferentsurfaces.G.Givethemthefreedomtoplayintheirownways.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所結(jié)構(gòu)A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving21infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication22.Iwasfeelingpretty23anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman24aandnaskingtormoneyonthecorner.Buthewas25bypassersby.AsEshelman26,bepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas27andsald;Leavemealone.Idon'thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman28intethegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow29shebadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand30somecoinsfromthebottomofher31.Asshe32himthechange,themansaid,“It'sOK.Everything33willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher34,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew39inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21. A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22. A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23. A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24. A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.comforted25. A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26. A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27. A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28. A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29. A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30. A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31. A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32. A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33. A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34 A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35 A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Youcanbehappyevenwhenyou'resufferingfromillness,butthatdoesn'tmeanyoushouldignoretheaspectsofyourhealth36areinyourcontrol.Exerciseandsleepareparticularlyimportantwhenitcomes37happiness.Makingexercisearegularhabitisn'tjustgoodforthebody.Italsohasa38(power)effectonmentalwell-being.Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyarehappieracrosstheboard.Plus,they'realsolessstressed,anxious,and39(depress).Itdoesn'treallymatter40kindofexerciseyoudo,solongasyoudoitregularly.Forthebestresults,aimforanhourofexerciseatleastfivedaysaweek.Ifyoufindsomethingyouenjoy,you'llbemorelikely41(stick)toit.Sodon'tthinkyou'relimitedto42(go)tothegym.Findsomethingthatsuitsyourlifestyleandpreferences.Ifyou'rehavingtroublethinkingofactivitiesyouenjoy,thinkbacktowhenyou43(be)akid.Whatsportsorgamesdidyouliketoplay?Also,gettingqualitysleepeverynightdirectly44(affect)yourhappiness,andemotionalstabilityduringtheday.Whenyourelackingsleep,you'remucheasiertostress.It'shardertobeproductive,thinkcreatively,andmakewise45(decide).Theaveragepersonneedsatleast7.5-9hourseachnight.第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你校英文報(bào)本周六將舉辦為貧困山區(qū)孩子捐贈(zèng)圖書(shū)的活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你用英文寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)目的和方式；2.呼吁大家參加。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dearfellowstudents,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。IntheclassroomofClass7,Grade8,studentswereexcitedaboutanupcomingevent.Theschoolhadorganizedaspeechcompetitiontitled“WaystoBecomeSuccessful,”andmanystudentswereeagertoshowcasetheirpublicspeakingskills.Amongthemwas13-year-oldZexra,who,hadalreadywontwospeechcontestsandwasfullofconfidencethatshecouldwinagain.Zoravolunteeredtorepresentherclassinthecompetition,andafteraroundofvoting,shewaschosenastheclassrepresentative.Althoughtherewereonlysevendaysleftuntilthebigday,Zorafeltasenseofeaseaboutthecompetition.Afterall,shehadbeenherebeforeandknewwhatittooktowin.Athome,Zora'sfathercongratulatedheronherachievement,whilehermotherremindedhertotakethecompetitionseriously.Despiteherparents’advice,Zorawasconvincedthatherpastsuccessesmeantthiswould-beawalkinthepark.Herteacheralsourgedhertopreparediligently,butZoraonly,soughthelponcetoreviseherinitialdraft.Asthedayswentby,Zoradidnotputinthenecessaryefforttorefineherspeech.Whenthedayofthecompetitionarrived,shewashitwithasuddenwaveofpanic.Shecouldn'trememberthecontentofherspeech,andasshesteppedontothestage,heranxietyonlygrew.Afterdeliveringtheopeninglines,shefroze,unabletocontinue.Thesupportiveapplausefromtheaudienceonlyaddedtoherconfusions,leavingnoroomforhertorecallherpreparedwords.Zorastruggledthroughtherestofherspeech,finishingitinastateofembarrassmentandshame.Asshewalkedoffthestage,shesawthedisappointmentinherteacher'seyesandfelttheletdownfromherclassmates.Itwasaheavyburdentobear.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為:150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Backathome,Zoracouldnolongerholdbackhertears.Thenextday,Zorawenttoschoolandapologizedtoherclass.

英語(yǔ)參考答案及解析英語(yǔ)第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)A【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四條因面臨環(huán)境問(wèn)題而受到保護(hù)的河流。1.B【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)文章第二部分中“…butriverpollutionandshorelinehabitatdestructionthreatentodisplacethem.”可知答案。故選B項(xiàng)。2.C【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)文章第三部分中“TheDanubefeaturesarichlydiverseecosystem,hosting55differentspeciesoffish.”可知答案。故選C項(xiàng)。3.D【解析】理解具體信息。各自的最后部分分別介紹了四條河受保護(hù)的情況。故選D項(xiàng)。B【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆。4.D【解析】作出判斷推理。根據(jù)第一段的“Suchinstancesof‘brainfreeze’remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(這種‘大腦凍結(jié)’的例子提醒我們，我們應(yīng)該盡一切努力保持大腦敏銳。)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).(一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆。)”可知，文章開(kāi)頭的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是為了引出“練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆”這個(gè)主題。故選D項(xiàng)。5.C【解析】理解主旨要義。本段主要介紹蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估,26~30分為正常,18~25分為輕度認(rèn)知損傷，18分以下為重度認(rèn)知損傷。由此可知，本段主要內(nèi)容是認(rèn)知測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)。6.C【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段的“Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.”可知,參與測(cè)試者前測(cè)的平均分是25分。根據(jù)第三段的“Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon'thavedementiabutthey'renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintain

everydayactivities.(得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒(méi)有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏銳了，可能需要更加努力地維持日?；顒?dòng)。)”可知，他們中的許多人有輕微的認(rèn)知能力下降。故選C項(xiàng)。7.B【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)最后一段的“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitcombinesthememorizationofthemovements(太極之所以有效的理論是它結(jié)合了對(duì)動(dòng)作的記憶)”可知，太極之所以起到積極作用是因?yàn)樗婕吧硇倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。C【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了海洋中微塑料污染的嚴(yán)重程度以及對(duì)鯨魚(yú)和人類(lèi)健康的影響。8.C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)上下文,“ingest”在此處的意思是“攝入”，即鯨魚(yú)正在吃掉這些塑料微粒。選項(xiàng)C“Takein”符合這個(gè)意思。故選C項(xiàng)。9.D【解析】作出判斷推理。根據(jù)第三段中“‘Plasticscanalsoreleasechemicalsthatareharmfultodigestivesystem,’saysKahane-Rapport.‘Thisisconcerning,andwhilewedonotyetunderstandthelong-termhealtheffects,itislikelynotagoodsignforwhalesandtheirprey(獵物)toeataman-mademateriallikeplastic.’”可知,我們對(duì)微塑料的危害仍知之甚少。故選D項(xiàng)。10.B【解析】理解主旨要義。根據(jù)第四段中“Wearealsopartofthesefoodchainsandareconsumingmicroplasticsregularly.Theyareinourbottledwater,inourtablesalt—theyareeveninourhousedustandintheairwebreathe.Andwestilldon'tknowwhatthehealtheffectsare.”可知,本段主要展示微塑料的連鎖反應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。11.D【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thenextresearchstepwillbetodeterminehowmuchplasticthewhalesexcrete(排出)andhowmuchisleftintheirbodies.Followingthat,wewouldbeabletodeterminethedirecthealtheffects·1·英語(yǔ)參考答案及解析

ontheirtissues.”可知,接下來(lái)的研究將關(guān)注鯨魚(yú)體內(nèi)塑料的數(shù)量。故選D項(xiàng)。D【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在澳大利亞的一些島嶼上，海平面上升促使紅樹(shù)林的繁榮。12.C【解析】作出判斷推理。根據(jù)第二段中“There'salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange(人們對(duì)利用紅樹(shù)林藍(lán)碳來(lái)減少氣候變化很感興趣)”可推知，藍(lán)碳對(duì)環(huán)境友好。故選C項(xiàng)。13.D【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)第二段“Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.(但它們適應(yīng)海平面上升的能力仍然存在很多問(wèn)題。)”和第三段“In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.(2021年,Wollongong環(huán)境科學(xué)家SarahHamylton領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)訪問(wèn)了Howick群島進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究。)”可知，研究的目的是為了查明紅樹(shù)林對(duì)海平面上升的反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。14.C【解析】理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段“Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalt-tolerantmangroves.(隨著海平面再次上升,鹽水和沉積物的混合物成為耐鹽紅樹(shù)林的完美家園。)”可知,鹽水和沉積物的組合使Howick群島成為紅樹(shù)林的合適棲息地。故選C項(xiàng)。15.B【解析】理解主旨要義。通讀全文可知，文章講述的是在澳大利亞的一些島嶼上，海平面上升促使紅樹(shù)林的繁榮。所以，B項(xiàng)“SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoost”適合做標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了計(jì)劃與孩子一起在大自然散步的幾點(diǎn)建議。16.D【解析】第一段概括談?wù)摯笞匀簧⒉健：笪恼劦降娜绻o予孩子探索自然的機(jī)會(huì)，即便是簡(jiǎn)單的方式，孩子也會(huì)自然地互動(dòng)和參與進(jìn)來(lái)。據(jù)此可以推斷出此處應(yīng)談到大自然散步是一件并不復(fù)雜的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。

17.E【解析】根據(jù)本段主題和前后文可以推斷出，此處與dirt相關(guān)。結(jié)合后文談到的好處可以推斷出與dirt的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)相關(guān)。故選E項(xiàng)。18.B【解析】整段內(nèi)容談到鼓勵(lì)孩子們多去跟大自然接觸，去體驗(yàn)不同的環(huán)境，家長(zhǎng)在確保環(huán)境安全的前提下，讓孩子確定與大自然接觸的節(jié)奏。“Haveyourchildrenleadtheway(讓孩子們帶路)”符合本段文章主題。故選B項(xiàng)。19.C【解析】本段內(nèi)容與創(chuàng)造力有關(guān)。C項(xiàng)“大自然對(duì)激發(fā)孩子的創(chuàng)造力再合適不過(guò)了”符合本段主題。故選C項(xiàng)。20.F【解析】本段主題是“讓大孩子們更加有冒險(xiǎn)精神”。F項(xiàng)“嘗試讓他們赤腳在不同的表面上行走”與本段主題內(nèi)容相關(guān)，且與前文“exploringtheirsenses(探索他們的感官)”照應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。LauraEshelman的生活遇到了不如意，感到很沮喪，當(dāng)一個(gè)人向她乞討一些錢(qián)的時(shí)候，她很不耐煩地拒絕了。當(dāng)她意識(shí)到自己的不妥行為后，返回去向那個(gè)人道歉，那個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)單話語(yǔ)安慰了她的心。21.B【解析】根據(jù)上文的“mentalunsettlement”可知,她遇到了麻煩(trouble)。故選B項(xiàng)。22.A【解析】句意：我正要離開(kāi)市中心的一家公司，在那里我申請(qǐng)的又一份工作被拒絕了(rejected)。故選A項(xiàng)。23.D【解析】根據(jù)上文她遇到很多不愉快可知，她情緒低落。故選D項(xiàng)。24.C【解析】句意:當(dāng)她穿過(guò)街道時(shí),Eshelman發(fā)現(xiàn)(spotted)一名男子在拐角處要錢(qián)。故選C項(xiàng)。25.A【解析】根據(jù)but可知,路人沒(méi)理睬他。故選A項(xiàng)。26.D【解析】句意:當(dāng)Eshelman走近(approached)時(shí),他轉(zhuǎn)向她,問(wèn)她是否可以要一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。故選D項(xiàng)。27.B【解析】根據(jù)說(shuō)話的內(nèi)容可知，她不耐煩。故選B項(xiàng)。28.C【解析】句意:Eshelman走進(jìn)了雜貨店。故選C項(xiàng)。29.B【解析】根據(jù)上文她對(duì)那個(gè)人說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣可知，她很粗魯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?·英語(yǔ)參考答案及解析

30.C【解析】句意:然后她掏出了(dugout)一些硬幣，當(dāng)然，這些硬幣一直都在她的口袋(pocket)底部。故選C項(xiàng)。31.B【解析】參見(jiàn)上題解析。32.A【解析】句意:當(dāng)她把零錢(qián)遞給(handed)他時(shí),那個(gè)男人說(shuō):“沒(méi)關(guān)系。一切不愉快(unpleasant)都會(huì)消失的?！惫蔬xA項(xiàng)。33.D【解析】參見(jiàn)上題解析。34.A【解析】句意：很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，她第一次覺(jué)得有人看到了她的痛苦(pain)，于是她哭了起來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)。35.D【解析】句意：在我生命中極其黑暗的時(shí)期，街上的那一刻是為數(shù)不多的閃光(flashes)之一。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)36.that/which37.to38.powerful39.depressed40.what41.tostick42.going43.were44.aff