2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省杭州市高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題本試卷分選擇題部分和非選擇題部分。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asuit.B.Ashirt.C.Abirthday.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.3.WhatwillPeterdonext?A.Playcomputergames.B.Cleanupthegarden.C.Pickuphisparents.4.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.5.Whatflavorofice-creamdoesthemanlikebest?A.Carrot.B.Strawberry.C.Banana.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Acouple.7.Whatdoesthemanthankthewomanfor?A.Givinghimapromotion.B.Participatinginhisproject.C.Providingassistanceforhim.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whyistheman’ssecondyearmuchbetter?A.Hejoinedclubs.B.Helovedtheworkload.C.HewenttoAustralia.9.What’stheman’smajor?A.ComputerScience.B.BusinessManagement.C.French.10.Inhowmanyyearsdoesthemanwanttograduate?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthehospital.B.Athome.C.Inagym.12.Howdoesthemansound?A.Concerned.B.Surprised.C.Pleased.13.Whatleadstotheman’squickrecovery?A.Friends’support.B.MedicineTreatment.C.Family’scompany.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatworriesthewoman?A.Thesenseofloneliness.B.Thepossibilityofbeinglost.C.FailureoftheGPS.15.Whydoesthemansuggesttakingamap?A.Amapiseasytocarry.B.Visitingsitesoffernomaps.C.Thephonemightbeoutofpower.16.WhatissaidaboutSanFrancisco?A.Itisalargecity.B.Trafficthereistooheavy.C.Thereisawiderangeofculture.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofrentingabike?A.Troublesome.B.Expensive.C.Practical.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Theheadmaster.B.Asocialworker.C.Astudent.19.Whathasbeendoneinthesummer?A.Servingthecommunity.B.Designingnewprograms.C.Improvingthecampus.20.Whathavethelocalcompaniespromisedtodoforstudents?A.Offerjobopportunities.B.Preparestudentsforfuturecareer.C.Createfunactivities.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAirTravelGuidelinesforChildrenWe’reheretohelpyoupreparetoflywithyourchildren.Here’showitworks.Bookingachild’sticketYou’llneedtobuyaseparateticketif:·Youbookaninternationalflight.·Yourchildis2yearsoldorolderattakeoff.·Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.Insomecases,childrencanflyforfree.Ifeverythingbelowistrue,youwon’tneedtobuyyourchildaseparateticket:·Youbookadomestic(國內(nèi))flight.·Yourchildisababy(lessthan2yearsold),attakeoff.·Yourbabysitsonthelegsofatravelerovertheageof12.·Nomorethan1babyisseatedonthelegsofatraveler.Nowfortherules,eachtravelerovertheageof12mayaccompany(陪伴)upto2babies,eachseatedintheirownseat.DocumentsachildwillneedTheairlinesdeterminewhatdocumentsyou’llneedtotravel.Inshort,ifyou’reflyingdomestically,eachchildmightneedaphotoID.Ifyou’reflyingintemationally,eachchildwillneedapassport.Additionally,childrenunder18travelingtoMexiconeedtoprovideproveddocumentationandlettersofpermission.Formoreinformation,pleasevisittheUSEmbassy(大使館)website.Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights·Someairlinesmaychargeafeeforunaccompaniedchildservice.·Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.·Boththeadultdroppingthechildoffattheairportandtheadultpickingthechilduparerequiredtoshowidentification.Contactyourairlinetoaskaboutmoreinformation.1.Underwhichconditiondoyouhavetobuyaticketforyourbabygirl?A.Shesitsonyourlegs. B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.C.Sherequiresaseparateseat. D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.2.WhatdocumentmightachildneedtoflywithintheUSA?A.AphotoID. B.Apassport.C.Proveddocumentation. D.Aletterofpermission.3.Whocanuseunaccompaniedchildservice?A.A4-year-oldboy. B.A10-year-oldboy.C.An18-year-oldboy. D.A19-year-oldboy.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是一份兒童航空旅行指南?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bookingachild’sticket中的“·Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.(·你的孩子是一個坐在自己座位上的嬰兒。)”可知，如果需要一個單獨(dú)的座位時需要買票。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Documentsachildwillneed中的“Inshort,ifyou’reflyingdomestically,eachchildmightneedaphotoID.(簡而言之，如果你乘坐的是國內(nèi)航班，每個孩子可能都需要帶照片的身份證。)”可知，孩子在美國境內(nèi)飛行可能需要帶照片的身份證。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights中的“·Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.(·5歲以下和17歲以上的兒童可能不適合無人陪伴的兒童服務(wù)。)”可知，10歲的男孩可以使用無人陪伴兒童服務(wù)。故選B。BFifteenyearsago,Ilovedgoingtothegym,butfamilylifeandworkcommitmentsmeantIwasfindingithardtogetthere.Withthehelpofmydadanduncle,Ibuiltmyowngyminthegarden.It’sbasicallyabeautifiedroomwithinsulation(隔熱層)andelectriesandasmallheaterforthewinter.Webuiltacornerdesktoointendingittobeformetodothepaperworkformysmallbusiness.However,thedeskserveditsrealpurposewhenIstartedmywritingjourneytwoyearsago.I’vealwayshadstoriesgoingthroughmymind.IcouldbeoutjoggingandI’dlosemyselfplayingoutthoughtsinmyheadlikemoviescenes.Onceseen,theystayinthere.Ihavetroublekeepingotherinformation,butwhenitcomestostoryideas,theylockin.Ihavemanyfullnovelideasinmyheadwaitingtobewritten.WhenIwasyounger,Iwasn’tbraveenoughtowrite.Ididn’tdowellinschoolandI’vespentmostofmylifeinphysicalwork,sotheideaofbecomingawriterfeltlaughable.Inowknowthereisn’tawritertype;writerscomeinallforms.Istillusethegymforitsrealpurpose,butsomeoftheequipmenthasbeenreplacedbybooksandasmallbedforthetimewhenIwanttorelaxandread.Iliketohavemydesklookingcolorful-somemightsaymessy.Myloveforsportiscleartosee,withphotosaroundofmyfavoriteboxersandthefootballteamIfollow.Ontheotherhand,havingmyownwritingroomisimportant.WithoutitIwouldn’tbewhereIamnowonmywritingjourney.It’sfarfromcharming,butitismine.It’smyhappyplace.4.Whydidtheauthorbuildhisowngym?A.Becauseofhistightschedule.B.Becauseofhissmallbusiness.C.Becauseofhispoorfinancialcondition.D.Becauseoftheencouragementofhisfamily.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph2?A.Hewasjoggingformoreideas.B.Hegotonwellwithhisstudyatschool.C.Hehadthepotentialtobecomeawriter.D.Hewasconfidentaboutbecomingawriter.6.Whatistheauthor’sgymmainlyusedfornow?A.Readingandbusiness. B.Storingbooksandtyping.C.Relaxingandentertaining. D.Writingandfitness.7.Whichsectionofamagazinedoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Health. B.Life. C.Education. D.Opinion.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了15年前，作者在爸爸和叔叔的幫助下，建了自己的健身房。后來，慢慢地，作者的健身房變成了作者寫作的地方。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Fifteenyearsago,Ilovedgoingtothegym,butfamilylifeandworkcommitmentsmeantIwasfindingithardtogetthere.Withthehelpofmydadanduncle,Ibuiltmyowngyminthegarden.(15年前，我喜歡去健身房，但由于家庭生活和工作的原因，我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難去健身房。在爸爸和叔叔的幫助下，我在花園里建了自己的健身房)”可知，作者建這個健身房是因?yàn)樽髡呦矚g健身，但是由于時間緊張很難去健身房。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“I’vealwayshadstoriesgoingthroughmymind.IcouldbeoutjoggingandI’dlosemyselfplayingoutthoughtsinmyheadlikemoviescenes.Onceseen,theystayinthere.Ihavetroublekeepingotherinformation,butwhenitcomestostoryideas,theylockin.Ihavemanyfullnovelideasinmyheadwaitingtobewritten.(我腦子里總有故事。我可以在外面慢跑，我可能會出去慢跑，然后像電影場景一樣在腦子里思考。一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們就會留在那里。我很難記住其他信息，但當(dāng)涉及到故事想法時，他們就會鎖定。我腦子里有很多完整的新想法等著寫出來)”可知，作者的腦海中總有故事，而且有很多完整的新想法等著寫出來，所以作者有當(dāng)作家的潛質(zhì)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Istillusethegymforitsrealpurpose,butsomeoftheequipmenthasbeenreplacedbybooksandasmallbedforthetimewhenIwanttorelaxandread.Iliketohavemydesklookingcolorful-somemightsaymessy.Myloveforsportiscleartosee,withphotosaroundofmyfavoriteboxersandthefootballteamIfollow.Ontheotherhand,havingmyownwritingroomisimportant.(我仍然使用健身房來達(dá)到它的真正目的，但一些設(shè)備已經(jīng)被書籍和一張小床所取代，以便我放松和閱讀。我喜歡讓我的桌子看起來五彩繽紛——有些人可能會說凌亂。我對運(yùn)動的熱愛顯而易見，我最喜歡的拳擊手和我追隨的足球隊(duì)的照片隨處可見。另一方面，擁有自己的寫作室也很重要)”可知，目前這個健身房主要用來供作者寫作和鍛煉。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容可知，作者曾經(jīng)建了一個健身房準(zhǔn)備用于健身，慢慢地，作者開始將這個健身房當(dāng)作自己寫作的地方。由此可以推斷，這篇文章有可能摘自雜志的生活專欄。故選B。CI’vespentmuchofmylifedealingwithwrittenandspokenwords.NowI’matechnologistmakinguseofnaturallanguageprocessingforhumangood.GiventhatIworkinartificialintelligence(AI),I’mrealizingsomethingdangeroushappening.Machinesareruiningthewaywecommunicate.AIvoicesarenormalizedandyetcold,nomatterwhichaccent(口音)yousetyourSiriorAmazonAlexainto.It’sdifficulttonormalizelanguagetobeinoffensivebecausesometimeswedomakepeoplefeeluncomfortableorevenmakethemannoyed.Yetthisisexactlywhatwe’reaskingartificialintelligencetodoforusonabillion-personscale.Oncetheserulesarecarriedoutbymachines,they’reunavoidableandcreatemuchbiggerissues.WenoticethatthereisanactivedesiretoonlyincludestandardizedlanguageinAI-poweredtoolsinanattempttoavoidincludingpotentiallyhatefuloroffensivelanguage.AndtheseAI-poweredtoolsareexactlywhatweusetocompleteourthoughtsalmostatanygiventime.Theyareeverywhere—inouremails,wordprocessors,andwebpages.Themachinesarepushingusintoacommontongue,andweacceptitasamatterofconvenience.Butwhat’sthecost?We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.We’realsohandingthepowerofacceptablespeechtomachinesnotpeople.Intherealworld,peopledon’tcommunicatelikeaWikipedia(維基百科)article.Weusetone(語氣),humorandfacialexpressions.Wecantellwherepeoplewerebonbasedontheiraccentsandwording.Humansaretrulyunique,andourcommunicationisconstantlychanging.SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inoffensive”inparagraph2mean?A.Hateful B.Valuable C.Harmless D.Beneficial9.HowcanwepromoteAIvoice?A.AIvoiceshouldbelegalized. B.AIvoiceshouldbemodernized.C.AIvoiceshouldbestandardized. D.AIvoiceshouldbepersonalized.10.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.AIsystemsshouldbeimproved.B.AIsystemsdeservemoresupport.C.AIsystemsarebecomingmorehumanlike.D.AIsystemsaredestroyingourcommunication.11.What’stheauthor’stoneinthepassage?A.Praising. B.Concerned. C.Humorous. D.Matter-of-fact.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.A11.B〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要就人工智能的聲音提出作者自己的看法，作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該提升人工智能的開放?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“becausesometimeswedomakepeoplefeeluncomfortableorevenmakethemannoyed.(因?yàn)橛袝r我們確實(shí)會讓人感到不舒服，甚至讓他們惱火。)”可知這種語言會讓人們不舒服、甚至很惱火。由于劃線單詞前有“difficult”，由此判斷，劃線單詞和“讓人舒服、對人無害”相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A“Hateful(可恨的)”；選項(xiàng)B“Valuable(昂貴的)”；選項(xiàng)C“Harmless(無害的)”；選項(xiàng)D“Beneficial(有益的)”。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Themachinesarepushingusintoacommontongue,andweacceptitasamatterofconvenience.Butwhat’sthecost?We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.We’realsohandingthepowerofacceptablespeechtomachinesnotpeople.(機(jī)器正在推動我們使用一種通用的語言，我們?yōu)榱朔奖愣邮芩５鷥r是什么呢？我們用獨(dú)特性和準(zhǔn)確性來換取便利性。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為人工智能的聲音應(yīng)該更具有個性化、獨(dú)特性。故選D。【10題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Intherealworld,peopledon’tcommunicatelikeaWikipedia(維基百科)article.Weusetone(語氣),humorandfacialexpressions.Wecantellwherepeoplewerebonbasedontheiraccentsandwording.Humansaretrulyunique,andourcommunicationisconstantlychanging.SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.(在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，人們不會像維基百科上的文章那樣交流。我們使用語調(diào)、幽默和面部表情。我們可以根據(jù)人們的口音和措辭來判斷他們來自哪里。人類確實(shí)是獨(dú)一無二的，我們的交流方式也在不斷變化。因此，我們應(yīng)該要求人工智能系統(tǒng)促進(jìn)個性和獨(dú)特性。我們應(yīng)該要求知道人工智能是如何開發(fā)的，以及用于構(gòu)建人工智能的數(shù)據(jù)。因?yàn)檫@是我們應(yīng)得的。)”可知，最后一段講述的是在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，人類的交流要豐富有個性得多，因此，人工智能系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該有所改進(jìn)。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“GiventhatIworkinartificialintelligence(AI),I’mrealizingsomethingdangeroushappening.Machinesareruiningthewaywecommunicate.(鑒于我在人工智能(AI)領(lǐng)域工作，我意識到一些危險(xiǎn)的事情正在發(fā)生。機(jī)器正在破壞我們的交流方式。)”、第三段“We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.(我們用獨(dú)特性和準(zhǔn)確性來換取便利性。)”以及最后一段“SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.(因此，我們應(yīng)該要求人工智能系統(tǒng)促進(jìn)個性和獨(dú)特性。我們應(yīng)該要求知道人工智能是如何開發(fā)的，以及用于構(gòu)建人工智能的數(shù)據(jù)。因?yàn)檫@是我們應(yīng)得的。)”可知，作者在這篇文章中表露出對人工智能聲音的擔(dān)憂。故選B。D“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.Plantsproduceahighfrequency(頻率)clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured.“Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,”saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.Focusingparticularlyontomatoes,wheatandcorn,theplantswereplacedinasoundproof(隔音的)roomandrecordedbymicrophones.Someplantswerestarvedofwater,otherscut,andacontrolgroupwasleftundamaged.Theresearchersusedanalgorithm(算法)toseparatethenoises,suecessfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.Onaverage,thehumanearcanhearsoundsuptoaround20kHz,whilethesoundsproducedbyplantsareinthe40-80kHzregion,farbeyondourhearing.“Thesoundsmadebyplantscan’tbeheardbyhumansbutcanprobablybeheardbyvariousanimals,suchasbats,miceandinsects,”Hadanytellsus.Thoughthishasyettobeproven,it’spossiblethatthesecreaturesusethisinformationtochoosewhichplantstoeat.AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculuralUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,there’snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.12.Whatcanweknowfromthesix-yearexperiment?A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequeney.B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequeneywhateverthesituation.13.Whatisthealgorithmusedforintheresearch?A.Torecordthesounds. B.Tocontrolthesounds.C.Toproducethesounds. D.Toidentifythesounds.14.Whathasbeenprovenbyscientistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantscanheareachother’scryforhelp.B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.SoundsThatWeCan’tHearB.BeautifulSongsfromPlantsC.PlantsReacttoDifferentTypesofStressD.PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed〖答案〗12.B13.D14.C15.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明植物在某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.(“一片美麗的花田可能是一個相當(dāng)嘈雜的地方。只是我們聽不到聲音?！碧乩S夫大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)為期六年的實(shí)驗(yàn)，證明植物在某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音。)”以及第二段“Plantsproduceahighfrequency(頻率)clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured.“Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,”saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.(植物會發(fā)出高頻率的咔噠聲，當(dāng)缺水或受損時，咔噠聲會變得更有規(guī)律。它們也會發(fā)出不同的聲音，這取決于它們是口渴還是受傷?！懊糠N植物和每種類型的壓力都與一種特定的聲音有關(guān)，”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項(xiàng)研究的利拉克·哈達(dá)尼教授說。)”可知，這項(xiàng)為期六年的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明植物在有壓力的情況下會發(fā)出有規(guī)律的聲音。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theresearchersusedanalgorithm(算法)toseparatethenoises,successfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.(研究人員使用了一種算法來分離噪音，成功地根據(jù)它們?nèi)彼€是受到切割來區(qū)分聲音。該算法在溫室環(huán)境中進(jìn)行了這項(xiàng)工作，溫室環(huán)境中有更多的周圍聲音，但它仍然能夠識別出植物的特殊呼救聲。)”可知，該算法用來分離噪音，辨別聲音。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculuralUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,there’snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.(幾年前，中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)的RedaHassanien領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究也證明了植物對聲波的反應(yīng)，一些植物的產(chǎn)量大大提高。雖然有證據(jù)表明植物可以對聲音做出反應(yīng)，但現(xiàn)在還沒有證據(jù)表明它們真的能聽到聲音。)”可知，植物可以發(fā)出聲音并對聲波做出反應(yīng)。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.(“一片美麗的花田可能是一個相當(dāng)嘈雜的地方。只是我們聽不到聲音?！碧乩S夫大學(xué)的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)為期六年的實(shí)驗(yàn)，證明植物在某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明植物在某些緊張的情況下會發(fā)出聲音。所以“PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed(植物會說話，尤其是在有壓力的時候)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCelebrateEarthDayAreyoulookingforwaystocelebrateEarthDayonApril22?You’vecometotherightplace.Ifyou’rereadytolearnmoreaboutjoiningtheglobalcelebration,makingrealchange,anddoingyourparttosaveourplanet,readon!Walkorrideyourbike.____16____Evenonedaycanmakeadifference,butifyoucancommit(承諾)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture,that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommute(通勤)istoofarforwalking/biking,trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.Plantatree.Thissimpleactwillbenefittheenvironmentfordecades.Plantingatreeonlytakesafewminutes,butitcanmakeahugeimpact.____17____Theyhelptosaveenergy,cleanpollution,andprovidehomesformanybirds,insects,andotherlocalwildlife.AttendalocalEarthDayevent.____18____Ifyourcommunitydoesn’thaveoneplanned,considerstartingoneyourself.It’stheperfectdaytogettogetherforafunandeducationalcelebrationoftheearth.Visitalocalfarmer’smarket.Eatinglocallygrownfoodismuchbetterfortheenvironment.Forexample,locally-grownfooddoesn’thavetobetransportedlongdistancestoendupongrocerystoreshelves.____19____Committoonegreenactperday.Youcankeepreducingyourcarbon(碳)footprintonceEarthDayisover.____20____Whilesmallchangesattheindividuallevelmaynotseemlikeabigdeal,theyaddupovertimeandcanhaveamajorimpact.Movingforward,makeityourgoaltodoonesmallthingeverydaytosupporttheenvironment.A.EarthDaycanbeeveryday!B.Treesareextremelyimportant.C.Treasneedextracaretogrowwell.D.Getoutthereandappreciateourbeautifulworld.E.Goingcar-freeforthedaywillreduceharmfulgases.F.Seeifyourcommunityisholdinganenvironmentalfair.G.You’llalsobegivingbacktoyourcommunitybysupportinglocalfarmers.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.F19.G20.A〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些方法以更好地慶祝地球日?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Evenonedaycanmakeadifference,butifyoucancommit(承諾)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture,that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommute(通勤)istoofarforwalking/biking,trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.(即使是一天也會有所不同，但如果你能在未來更經(jīng)常地走路或騎自行車，那就更好了!如果你每天上下班的路程太遠(yuǎn)，不適合步行或騎自行車，那就試試公共交通，比如公共汽車或火車。)”可知，空后主要講述的是盡量不要開車，多選擇步行或騎自行車。選項(xiàng)E“Goingcar-freeforthedaywillreduceharmfulgases.(一天不開車會減少有害氣體。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致，解釋了為什么多選擇步行或騎自行車。故選E?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Theyhelptosaveenergy,cleanpollution,andprovidehomesformanybirds,insects,andotherlocalwildlife.(它們有助于節(jié)約能源，清潔污染，并為許多鳥類，昆蟲和其他當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦游锾峁┘覉@。)”可知，“它們”的好處很多。選項(xiàng)B“Treesareextremelyimportant.(樹木非常重要。)”內(nèi)容上與下文一致，是下文內(nèi)容的概括；而下文的“they”指的正是“tress”。故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Ifyourcommunitydoesn’thaveoneplanned,considerstartingoneyourself.(如果你的社區(qū)沒有這樣的計(jì)劃，考慮自己創(chuàng)建一個。)”可知，空處和“社區(qū)是否有這樣的計(jì)劃”有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)F“Seeifyourcommunityisholdinganenvironmentalfair.(看看你的社區(qū)是否正在舉辦環(huán)境博覽會。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Visitalocalfarmer’smarket.Eatinglocallygrownfoodismuchbetterfortheenvironment.Forexample,locally-grownfooddoesn’thavetobetransportedlongdistancestoendupongrocerystoreshelves.(參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)貿(mào)市場。吃當(dāng)?shù)胤N植的食物對環(huán)境更好。例如，當(dāng)?shù)胤N植的食物不需要經(jīng)過長途運(yùn)輸才能最終出現(xiàn)在雜貨店的貨架上。)”可知，上文講的是在當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)貿(mào)市場購買食物。選項(xiàng)G“You’llalsobegivingbacktoyourcommunitybysupportinglocalfarmers.(你也可以通過支持當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民來回饋社區(qū)。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是在當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)貿(mào)市場購買食物，這樣可以回饋社區(qū)。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Committoonegreenactperday.Youcankeepreducingyourcarbon(碳)footprintonceEarthDayisover.(每天做一件環(huán)保的事。地球日結(jié)束后，你可以繼續(xù)減少碳足跡。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為減少碳足跡，我們可以每一天都做一件環(huán)保的事情。選項(xiàng)A“EarthDaycanbeeveryday!(地球日可以是每一天！)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是我們可以把每天都當(dāng)做地球日來度過，每天都可以做一件環(huán)保的事情。故選A。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.Ourguide,Carlos,____21____usthroughthethicktreesandplantsuntilwereacheda____22____wherewecouldspotthebirdswewerelookingfor.Wewaited____23____,hopingtocatchaglimpseoftherarecreatures.____24____,Carlosgaveusasignalandpointedtoa.____25____nearby.Wecouldhardlyseeanything,butCarloshad____26____oneoftherarebirdsweweresearchingfor.Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(鏡頭)untilwecouldseethebird____27____.Wewatchedinawe(驚嘆)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch,seemingly____28____byourpresence.Itwasabeautifulsightto____29____.Afterafewminutes,thebird_____30_____,andwecontinuedourhike,excitedbythe_____31_____.Bird-watchingintherainforestwasa_____32_____andpatience-testingactivity,butitwasworthitfortheuniqueandunforgettableexperience.Itwasunbelievabletoseethe_____33_____ofbirdspeciesinthejungleandappreciatetheirbeautyupclose.Carloswasanexcellentguidewhosharedhisknowledgeand_____34_____fortheenvironmentwithus.Iwouldrecommendthisactivitytoanyonewholovesnatureandwantsto_____35_____thewondersoftherainforest.21.A.led B.helped C.pulled D.drove22.A.trap B.clearing C.source D.farm23.A.indespair B.insilence C.withpride D.withrelief24.A.Confusingly B.Curiously C.Undoubtedly D.Suddenly25.A.rock B.cave C.tree D.stream26.A.spotted B.attacked C.caught D.saved27.A.regularly B.personally C.clearly D.briefly28.A.amazed B.frightened C.unaffected D.unhurt29.A.takein B.huntfor C.stirup D.referto30.A.trippedover B.showedup C.turnedback D.flewaway31.A.attempt B.performance C.impact D.experience32.A.striking B.challenging C.worthwhile D.beneficial33.A.diversity B.mystery C.mission D.origin34.A.patience B.energy C.passion D.intention35.A.show B.promote C.create D.witness〖答案〗21.A22.B23.B24.D25.C26.A27.C28.C29.A30.D31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D〖解析〗【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者前往熱帶雨林，在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下，親眼目睹了雨林奇觀的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的導(dǎo)游Carlos帶領(lǐng)我們穿過茂密的樹木和植物，直到我們到達(dá)一塊空地，在那里我們可以看到我們正在尋找的鳥。A.led帶領(lǐng)；B.helped幫助；C.pulled拉；D.drove驅(qū)使。根據(jù)上文“Ourguide,Carlos”可知，Carlos是作者的導(dǎo)游，由此推斷，Carlos帶領(lǐng)作者他們穿過茂密的樹木和植物。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的導(dǎo)游Carlos帶領(lǐng)我們穿過茂密的樹木和植物，直到我們到達(dá)一塊空地，在那里我們可以看到我們正在尋找的鳥。A.trap陷阱；B.clearing空地；C.source資源；D.farm農(nóng)場。根據(jù)上文“Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.”可知，作者是去觀鳥，所以導(dǎo)游是帶領(lǐng)他們來到了可以觀鳥的地方。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我們靜靜地等著，希望能瞥見這種稀有的生物。A.indespair絕望地；B.insilence寂靜地；C.withpride自豪地；D.withrelief放松地。根據(jù)上文“Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.”可知，作者是去觀鳥的，所以應(yīng)該是靜靜地等待。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，Carlos給了我們一個信號，指著附近的一棵樹。A.Confusingly令人困惑地；B.Curiously好奇地；C.Undoubtedly毫無疑問地；D.Suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文可知，作者是在等待著觀鳥。而下文“Carlosgaveusasignalandpointedtoa._______nearby.”則講的是Carlos給了作者一個信號，所以是突然給了一個信號。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，Carlos給了我們一個信號，指著附近的一棵樹。A.rock巖石；B.cave山洞；C.tree樹；D.stream溪流。根據(jù)下文“Wewatchedinawe(驚嘆)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，鳥是在樹枝上飛來飛去，所以導(dǎo)游是指著附近的一棵樹。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們幾乎什么也看不見，但Carlos發(fā)現(xiàn)了我們正在尋找的一種稀有鳥類。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.attacked襲擊；C.caught抓住；D.saved挽救。根據(jù)下文“Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(鏡頭)untilwecouldseethebird”可知，導(dǎo)游Carlos已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了鳥。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Carlos拿起望遠(yuǎn)鏡，調(diào)整鏡頭，直到我們能清楚地看到那只鳥。A.regularly定期地；B.personally私人地；C.clearly清晰地；D.briefly簡短地。根據(jù)上文“Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(鏡頭)”可知，Carlos架起望遠(yuǎn)鏡，調(diào)整鏡頭，根據(jù)常理推測，Carlos這樣做是為了讓我們能夠清楚看到那只鳥。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們敬畏地看著那只鳥從一根樹枝飛到另一根樹枝，似乎對我們的存在無動于衷。A.amazed驚嘆的；B.frightened害怕的；C.unaffected不受影響的；D.unhurt沒有受傷的。根據(jù)上文“Wewatchedinawe(驚嘆)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，鳥非?；钴S，再根據(jù)上文可知，作者他們靜靜地在看鳥，所以鳥并沒有受到影響。故選C。【29題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。這是一幅美麗的景色。句意：A.takein吸收、看到；B.huntfor搜尋；C.stirup激起；D.referto提及、參考。根據(jù)上文“Wewatchedinawe(驚嘆)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，這是作者他們看到的美麗景色。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，鳥兒飛走了，我們繼續(xù)徒步旅行，為這次經(jīng)歷感到興奮。A.trippedover絆倒；B.showedup出現(xiàn)；C.turnedback轉(zhuǎn)身、拒絕；D.flewaway飛走。根據(jù)下文“wecontinuedourhike”可知，作者他們繼續(xù)徒步旅行，由此判斷，鳥是飛走了。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，鳥兒飛走了，我們繼續(xù)徒步旅行，為這次經(jīng)歷感到興奮。A.attempt試圖；B.performance表演；C.impact影響；D.experience經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“butitwasworthitfortheuniqueandunforgettableexperience.”可知，作者他們雖然繼續(xù)徒步，心中卻還是對這次經(jīng)歷感到興奮。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在雨林中觀鳥是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性和耐心的活動，但這是一次獨(dú)特而難忘的經(jīng)歷，值得一試。A.striking顯著的；B.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)空后的“patience-testing”可知，觀鳥需要耐心，再根據(jù)上文可知，觀鳥是有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在叢林中看到鳥類的多樣性，近距離欣賞它們的美麗，真是令人難以置信。A.diversity多樣性；B.mystery神秘；C.mission任務(wù)；D.origin起源。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，作者特意來雨林觀鳥，并看到了許多罕見的鳥類，所以空處指的是作者看到了鳥類的多樣性。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Carlos是一位出色的導(dǎo)游，他與我們分享了他對環(huán)境的知識和