江蘇省無(wú)錫市普通高中2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測(cè)試題（含解析）

江蘇省無(wú)錫市普通高中20202021學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測(cè)試題（含解析）注意事項(xiàng)及說明：1.考試前請(qǐng)將密封線內(nèi)的項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。2.試卷分第一卷（選擇題）和第二卷（非選擇題），共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。3.答案一律寫在答題紙／卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束時(shí)，上交答題紙／卡。第一卷（共100分）第一部分聽力測(cè)試（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙／卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.2.WhyisthemanleavingforAfrica?A.Hewantstolearnmedicinethere.B.Hehasgotanewjobthere.C.Hewantstomakemoremoney.3.Whatisthelegalspeedlimit?A.65milesperhour.B.75milesperhour.C.90milesperhour.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Seethemanoff.B.Catchthetrain.C.Goshopping.5.Whatdoesthemanreallymean?A.Hewillgotothecinema.B.Hewillworkwiththewoman.C.Hewillprepareforhisphysicsexam.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Ataparty.B.Onthestreet.C.Onthephone.7.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthewomanandTom?A.Neighbors.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.HowlongdoesthemanspendontheInterneteachday?A.Sevenhours.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Twoorthreehours.9WhatdoesthemanusuallydoontheInternet?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Searchforinformation.C.Chatwithfriends.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.SheisintroducingMountEverest.BSheisplayingajokeontheman.C.SheiswalkingonthetopofEverest.I1.Wherewasthephototaken?A.Inaphotobooth.B.OnMountEverest.C.Athome.12.WhowalkedupMountEverestduringtheholiday?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.None.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehasn'tpreparedforherpresentation.B.Sheoftengetsnervouswhenspeakinginpublic.C.Shehasgotapoorgradeinherpresentation.14Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodowhenspeakinginpublic?A.Talkaboutpsychology.B.Forgetaboutpeople.C.Thinkaboutalearnedbehavior.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutchildren?ATheybeenervousmoreeasilythanwomendo.B.Theyareunfortableperforminginfrontofadults.C.Theybeenervouslessfrequentlythanadultsdo.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Visittheman'sfriend.B.Giveanotherpresentation.C.Goforhernextclass.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatcanweknowaboutthehealthcentre?A.Itwillopennextmonth.BIt'snearthedowntown.C.Thereisnocarpark18Whencanpeopletakeswimmingcourses?A.Everyday.B.EverydayexceptSundays.C.Weekdaysonly.19WhatcourtswillthelocalschooluseinJuneandJulyinthecentre?A.Tenniscourts.B.Footballcourts.C.Basketballcourts.20Howlonginadvanceshouldpeoplebookthetenniscourts?A.1weekB.2weeks.C.4weeks.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題：每小題分，滿分分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙／卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.Thosewhowillreceivethevaccinesincludenursinghomekitchenworkers,securityguardsandcleaners.BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents(居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument(文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.,"Xingsaid,addingtheyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers..Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.InlateOctober,Shaoxing,ZhejiangprovincecarriedoutanemergencyCOVTD19vaccineprogram,allowingthepublictoaskforinjections(注射）inadvance,withkeygroupsfirst.AsimilarprogramwasalsoorganizedinJiaxing,NingboandYiwuinZhejiang.Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(臨床試驗(yàn)）.ThedocumentfromBeijingalsosaidnursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting(核酸檢測(cè)）everymonthamongkitchenworkersandresidentswholeavethenursinghomestoseeadoctor.Testswillcoverallpeopleinnursinghomesconsideredathighriskifnewinfectionsarereportedinthecity.Besides,routinedisinfections(消毒）shouldbestrengthenedinkitchens,storeroomsandrestrooms,itsaid.Thedocumentalsoremendednoncontactvisitsfromfamilymembers.1.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inafashionmagazine.C.Inabookreview. D.Inatraveljournal.2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs4and5?A.Thenursinghomekeptdetailedrecordsofresidents,B.Allthememberswillmakepreparationsforinjections.C.Thenursinghometakespreventionandcontrolseriously.D.Jiaxingisthefirstcitytohavecarriedoutanemergencyprogram.3.Howcanweunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph7?A.Chinaisprovidingvaccinationsnationwide.B.Chinahasmadegreatprogressincoronavirusvaccines.C.Chainhastakentheleadincoronavirusvaccinesworldwide.D.Thefourcandidatevaccineshavefinishedclinicaltrails4.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting.B.Beijingnursinghomesaretobeprovidedvaccines.C.CertaingroupswillhavevaccinesfirstinlateJune.D.Routinedisinfectionsshouldbestrengthenedinkitchens.5.What'stheXingYinli'sattitudetowardsvaccinations?A.Supportive. B.Curious.C.Doubtful. D.Dissatisfied【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章圍繞北京市政府為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情而展開報(bào)道?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情。）”可知，首段是導(dǎo)語(yǔ)，接下來(lái)文章內(nèi)容都是圍繞其展開，因此文章顯然是一篇新聞報(bào)道，那只能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上，而不是時(shí)尚雜志、書評(píng)、游記。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.（加強(qiáng)防控是我們的首要任務(wù)。）”和第五段“Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.（至于接種疫苗，她說，他們?cè)诮臃N疫苗前將向居民、他們的家人和工作人員申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可。）”可知，養(yǎng)老院重視預(yù)防和控制。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials.”可知在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)，6月批準(zhǔn)緊急使用國(guó)產(chǎn)COVID19疫苗，7月下旬開始使用。中國(guó)目前有四種冠狀病毒候選疫苗正在進(jìn)行第三階段臨床試驗(yàn)。由此判斷出，中國(guó)在冠狀病毒疫苗方面取得了很大進(jìn)展。故選B項(xiàng)。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情。）”和全文來(lái)看，這篇文章主要圍繞北京市政府為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中的老年人和護(hù)理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗展開報(bào)道。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)名字定位到三四五段，第三段的“XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents（居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument（文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.”景康園養(yǎng)老院位于豐臺(tái)區(qū)，約有290名老年居民。該養(yǎng)老院的主任邢銀利表示，他們最近已經(jīng)收到了該文件，并將嚴(yán)格遵守其指導(dǎo)。由此判斷出，邢銀利對(duì)接種育苗是支持的。故選A項(xiàng)。BIfapresident,aphilosopher,and,andoneofthebestsellingauthorsofalltimepraisedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.Areyoustillsittingtherereadingthis?Getwalking!Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouskey.You'veprobablyheardthephraseexerciseyourcreativity,whichreferstothebrainasmuscle.Ourcreativemindset(思維模式）istriggered(觸發(fā)）byphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalkingwithyourdog,afriend,oralonehelpscreativethinking.Researchershavediscoveredalotofconnectionsbetweenwalkingandproducingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipants(參與者），were81%morecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.Besides,thesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyourwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatreefilledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplehangingaroundorbirdssinging.Evenwhenyouwalkdownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutnoticethesweetsmellsflowingfromafoodcartorthechildpointingtoabuildingyouhadn'tevenpaidattentiontobefore.Finally,ourbrainsworkhardertoprocessindifferentenvironments,sowalkingoutsidestrengthenourabilitytocollectnewideas,totakeinnewsights,soundsandsmells."Forestbathing",isamonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan.RecentstudiesshowthatbeingintheforestTowersyourstresslevels.Theeffectsaresopowerfulthat"Forestbathing"isnowagovernmentprovedpolicyinJapan.,Butyoudon'thavetolivenearaaforesttoreceivethepsychological(心理的）benefits.Researchhasshownthatimmersion(沉浸）innature,andthedisconnectionfrommultimediaandtechnologyincreaseperformanceonacreativeproblemsolvingtaskbyafull50%.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking,Engagemorecloselywithyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,tonoticethewaypeoplemove,thewaythesunreflectsinapuddle.Walknotjustforexercise.Walkforwonder.6.WhydoestheauthormentionwhatthetwofamousmensaidinParagraph1?A.Toprovidebasicinformation.B.Toshowtheauthor'sattitude.C.Tointroducethetopic.DTopresentsomereasons.7.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"catalyst"inParagraph4?A.Promoter. B.Cure. C.Hope. D.Must.8.Whatcanwelearnabout“Forestbathing”inJapanfromthepassage?A.Takingabathintheforestisrelaxingandmedicallybeneficial.B.Walkinginthewoodsisaneffectivewaytogetlighthearted.C.TheJapanesegovernmentencourageseveryonetolivenearaforest.D.Keepingawayfrommultimediaandtechnologycangreatlyimproveyourcreativity.9.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedoing?A.Settingafitnessgoal.B.Solvingproblemscreatively.C.Walkingforcreativity.D.Exploringnewpossibilities.10.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofwalkinginnature.B.Secrettosuccessoffamousmen.C.Waysofbuildingupyourcreativity.D.Keystosteppingoutofthefortzone.【答案】6.C7.A8.B9.C10.A【解析】本文為說明文。短文主要介紹了在大自然散步的好處?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段中“Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess（弗里德里希·尼采寫道：“只有從散步中獲得的想法才有價(jià)值?！蓖旭R斯·杰斐遜：“散步是最好的鍛煉。我完全同意這種習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個(gè)必要因素。）”作者引用兩位名人的話且接下來(lái)敘述了散步的好處，顯然目的是引入本文的話題，故選C?！?題詳解】猜測(cè)詞義題。定位到劃線句“Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems.”中詞“catalyst"的主語(yǔ)是walking，劃線詞是個(gè)名詞用來(lái)形容walking，后面跟的是對(duì)于新問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。本句后面“Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourfortzone,…observepeoplehangingaroundorbirdssinging.Evenwhenyouwalkdownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutnoticethesweetsmellsflowingfromafoodcartorthechildpointingtoabuildingyouhadn'tevenpaidattentiontobefore.(只要到外面去，你就走出了你熟悉的環(huán)境和你的舒適區(qū)，…觀察周圍的人或鳥兒唱歌。即使你走在一條繁忙的街道上，你也會(huì)情不自禁地注意到食物車?yán)镲h來(lái)的甜味，或者孩子指著一棟你以前根本沒注意過的建筑)”可知，后面的內(nèi)容就是你散步帶來(lái)的好處。由此可推斷出“Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems”，是指“散步對(duì)于你獲得對(duì)新問題的新認(rèn)識(shí)是推動(dòng)劑，一個(gè)催化劑”。分析選項(xiàng)：A.Promoter促進(jìn)劑，催化劑；B.Cure治愈，對(duì)策；C.Hope希望；D.Must絕對(duì)必要的事。分析選項(xiàng)可知，promoter符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段"Forestbathing",isamonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan.RecentstudiesshowthatbeingintheforestTowersyourstresslevels.Theeffectsaresopowerfulthat"Forestbathing"isnowagovernmentprovedpolicyinJapan.,（“森林浴”是一種常見的放松方式，也是一種藥物。最近研究表明在森林里你的壓力水平。這種影響是如此強(qiáng)大，以至于“森林浴”如今已成為日本政府的一項(xiàng)政策，…）?？芍?，在日本，“森林浴”是一種常見的放松方式，也是非常有效的方法?？梢跃徑饩駢毫η冶徽J(rèn)可。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段最后一句“Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.（我完全同意這種散步習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個(gè)必要因素。）”。第三段中“Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouskey.You'veprobablyheardthephraseexerciseyourcreativity,whichreferstothebrainasmuscle.Ourcreativemindset(思維模式）istriggeredbyphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalkingwithyourdog,afriend,oralonehelpscreativethinking（散步的動(dòng)作方面顯然很關(guān)鍵。你可能聽過“鍛煉你的創(chuàng)造力”這句話，它指的是大腦肌肉。我們的創(chuàng)造性思維是由身體運(yùn)動(dòng)觸發(fā)的，這正是為什么和你的狗，一個(gè)朋友一起散步，或者獨(dú)自一人有助于創(chuàng)造思考。）”最后一段“Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking（因此，與其設(shè)定一個(gè)健身目標(biāo)，不如設(shè)定一個(gè)創(chuàng)意目標(biāo)，從走路開始）”。綜合以上內(nèi)容可推斷，作者反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)walk，且將其和創(chuàng)造相關(guān)聯(lián)，也就是作者倡導(dǎo)散步去思考去創(chuàng)造。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第一段是主旨。第一段中Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess（弗里德里?！つ岵蓪懙溃骸爸挥袕纳⒉街蝎@得的想法才有價(jià)值?！蓖旭R斯·杰斐遜：“散步是最好的鍛煉。我完全同意這種習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個(gè)必要因素。）。作者引用兩位名人的話后，下文主要圍繞在大自然中散步的好處，散步除了健身之外的另一大好處，即會(huì)培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力。由此可推斷出本文主要敘述了在大自然散步的好處。故選A。CSinceitwasfirstpublishedin1843,thenovella(短篇故事）AChristmasCarolbyCharlesDickenshasbeenlovedbymillionsofpeople,andperhapshasinspiredthemtolovemoreandgivemore.Ithasbeenadaptedfortheatre,televisionandfilm.DickensisknownasthebestauthoroftheVictoriantimeswritingonsocialissuesaffectinghistimes,suchaspoverty,childlabourandurbandevelopment,especiallyinLondonwherehelived.CharlesDickenswasnostrangerstopoverty.Hisfatherhadbeenthrowninprisonfordebtin1824,andhehadbeenremovedfromschoolandputtoworkasthesecondoldestchildofeightchildren.Only12yearsoldandnolongerabletoattendschool,hespenthistimeputtinglabelsonpotsofblackpolish.①Howlonelyandworthlesshefeltthere!Allhishopesanddreamsofmakingsomethingofhislifewereended.Itseemednotanadultintheworldcaredforhishopesorhisabilities,notevenhisownparents.Hewondered"howhecouldbesoeasilythrownawayatsuchayoungage"②Dickens'fatherwassetfreefromprisonafterayear,andDickenswasputbackintoschoolforthreeyearsuntilhehadtoleaveagaintoworkasanofficeboy.Eventually,hestartedwritingstoriesforthepapers.Withmoneyinginandthenchildren,Charleshadtakenamortgage(抵押貸款）onabighouse.Hisnextnovelwasnotaswellreceivedandhisfuturepaymentswerecut.Charlesneededtomakemoneyandheneededtomakeitfast.Criticism(批評(píng)）ofhisnewnovelhurthisconfidence;itisnoteasytowritewhenyouaredownandstruggling.Heneedednewideasandinspiration,buthewasrunningoutoftime.③Ashewalkedthestreetsafterdark,throughwhathecalledthe“blackstreets”ofLondon,heagainsawthepoor,whohadlittlefoodorwarmthinthecoldweather,andthecloseduphouses,likethedoorsoftheheartsofmanywhodonotwanttoloveandgive.④HehappenedtofindtheideaofaChristmasstorythatcouldshowthisandwarmtheheartsofthepoorandopentheheartsoftheselfish.Heneededtowritefastandthatisprobablywhyweonlyhaveanovella,butanovellawasenoughtosharehisstory.Hefilledthestorywithcharacterandsceneswhichhehadalreadywrittenaboutinhisotherstories,Scrooge,themaincharacter,isaselfishselfcentredmanwhohatesChristmasthetineofgiving.Hislatebusinesspartner,alsoagreedyman,esbackfromthedeadasaghosttowarnScrooge.YouwillneedtoreadthestoryyourselftoseehowScroogefinallychangeshisways.TheplantorescuehimselffinanciallyalsorescuedDickensemotionally.AshewroteaboutChristmasandthewonderfultimeofgiftgiving,familygathering,carolsingingandfeastsharing,hisownheartwascheeredandherememberedthosethingsthatreallymatteredtohimHelovedwritingthebookandproducedaspecialstory,whichisstilllovedaroundtheworld.NewinspirationandfreshconfidencesetDickensonanewpathtosuccess.11.WhatdifficultieswasDickensfacedwithwhenwritingAChristmasCarol?A.Lackoftimeandeducation.B.Lackofloveandconfidence.C.LackofpatienceandideasDLackofinspirationandconfidence.12.Whereshouldthesentence“Itwastheloneliesttimeofhislife.”beputinthepassage？A.① B.② C.③ D.④13.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAChristmasCarolfromthepassage?A.Dickensgothisinspirationbyvisitinghepoorpeopleonthe"blackstreet".B.Itisimpossibleforthereaderstoknowthecharactersbeforereadingthebook.C.Scroogebeesagenerousandkindmanintheend.D.Thebookisonlymeanttocriticizetheselfishnessoftherich.14.WhyisAChristmasCarolsuchanimportantworkaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itisverypopularamongreaders.B.ItservesasaturningpointinDickens'writingcareer.C.IthelpedDickensearnagreatdealofmoney.D.Itsthemeisaboutawonderfultimefullofloveandgiving.15.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A.ToshowthegreatnessofCharlesDickens.B.ToremendsomegreatworksofCharlesDickens.C.TopresenthowpoorDickens'lifewas.D.TointroducethebookAChristmasCarol.【答案】11.D12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了中篇小說《圣誕頌歌》的作者查爾斯·狄更斯及其寫作背景?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段“Hisnextnovelwasnotaswellreceivedandhisfuturepaymentswerecut.…Criticism(批評(píng)）ofhisnewnovelhurthisconfidence;itisnoteasytowritewhenyouaredownandstruggling.Heneedednewideasandinspiration,…（他的下一部小說的收視率不高，他未來(lái)的報(bào)酬也被削減了。…對(duì)他的新小說的批評(píng)傷害了他的自信心；當(dāng)你情緒低落和掙扎的時(shí)候，寫作是不容易的。他需要新的想法和靈感，…）”可知，由于他的下一部小說沒有那么受歡迎，他還受到了批判，這損害了他的自信，并且心情低落，導(dǎo)致他沒有什么新的想法和靈感，這些都阻礙了他創(chuàng)作這部小說。由此可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。題干中的“Itwastheloneliesttimeofhislife.”意思是“那是他這一生最孤獨(dú)的時(shí)刻”，通讀文章“Howlonelyandworthlesshefeltthere!Allhishopesanddreamsofmakingsomethingofhislifewereended.Itseemednotanadultintheworldcaredforhishopesorhisabilities,notevenhisownparents.Hewondered"howhecouldbesoeasilythrownawayatsuchayoungage"”可知，他在那里感到多么孤獨(dú)和無(wú)用啊!他所有想要有所作為的希望和夢(mèng)想都破滅了。這世上似乎沒有一個(gè)成年人關(guān)心他的希望和能力，甚至他的父母也不關(guān)心。他不明白“他怎么這么小就被拋棄了”正好對(duì)應(yīng)文章②處前面，該段即是描述狄更斯不能上學(xué)后，進(jìn)行枯燥的工作時(shí)他感受到的孤獨(dú)，lonely對(duì)應(yīng)loneliest，該段首尾呼應(yīng)，本句應(yīng)放在B處，故選B?！?3題詳解】推斷判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Scrooge,themaincharacter,isaselfishselfcentredmanwhohatesChristmasthetineofgiving.Hislatebusinesspartner,alsoagreedyman,esbackfromthedeadasaghosttowarnScrooge.YouwillneedtoreadthestoryyourselftoseehowScroogefinallychangeshisways.主人公斯克魯奇是一個(gè)自私、自我為中心的人，他討厭圣誕節(jié)——贈(zèng)送禮物的時(shí)刻。他已故的商業(yè)伙伴，也是一個(gè)貪婪的人，死后作為一個(gè)幽靈回來(lái)警告斯克魯奇。你需要自己去讀這個(gè)故事，看看斯克魯奇最終是如何改變自己的方式的。）”可知，《圣誕頌歌》這本書講述的是Scrooge，一個(gè)極度自私的人是如何改變自己的。再結(jié)合該段前面“HehappenedtofindtheideaofaChristmasstorythatcouldshowthisandwarmtheheartsofthepoorandopentheheartsoftheselfish…（他碰巧發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)《圣誕》故事的想法，可以顯示這一點(diǎn)，溫暖窮人的心，打開自私的心扉…）”可推斷出，這本書主旨大意是“溫暖窮人的心，打開自私者的心扉”，可以推斷出Scrooge最終成為了一個(gè)慷慨善良的人。故選C?！?4題詳解】推斷判斷題。由文章最后一段“TheplantorescuehimselffinanciallyalsorescuedDickensemotionally.AshewroteaboutChristmasandthewonderfultimeofgiftgiving,familygathering,carolsingingandfeastsharing,hisownheartwascheeredandherememberedthosethingsthatreallymatteredtohim...NewinspirationandfreshconfidencesetDickensonanewpathtosuccess.（在經(jīng)濟(jì)上自救的計(jì)劃也在情感上拯救了狄更斯。當(dāng)他描寫圣誕節(jié)以及贈(zèng)送禮物、家庭聚會(huì)、唱頌歌和分享盛宴的美好時(shí)光時(shí)，他的心受到了鼓舞，他想起了那些對(duì)他真正重要的事情?！碌撵`感和新的信心使狄更斯走上了一條通往成功的新道路。）”可知，《圣誕頌歌》這本書在許多方面拯救了狄更斯，他被這本書鼓舞，開創(chuàng)了一個(gè)新的創(chuàng)作之路，并且使他走向成功)”，由此推斷，這本書重要的原因在于它是狄更斯創(chuàng)作生涯的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選B.【15題詳解】推理判斷題。由全文來(lái)看，文章重點(diǎn)描寫了狄更斯創(chuàng)作《圣誕頌歌》的背景，這本書的內(nèi)容、主旨和意義，《圣誕頌歌》這本書從始至終貫穿全文，所以作者的目地是為介紹這本書，故選D。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題：每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sometimesweturntoothersforadviceonmajorcareerdecisions.Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweturntoforadvice.___16___Ihavewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheirparentsandgrandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheywereraisedinanagewhenitwasmontospendanentirecareerinoneorganization.___17___It’suncertainthattheywillknowwhat’srightforus.Advisorsoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective(視角).Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyouarewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarenotalone.___18___Thelessonhereisthatoneofthemosteffectivewaystogetbetteradviceistogiveit.Sureenoughresearchersfindthatourreasoningbeeswiserwhenwethinkaboutourproblemsfromathirdpersonprospective.Advisingothershelpsusmakebetterdecisions.Anditalsoleavesusmoremotivated(有動(dòng)力的)tofollowthrough.Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedthatpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.___19___Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobeemoremotivated.Ifyouwanttogetbettercareeradvice,youcanstartbyreflectingonwhatyouwouldtellsomeoneelsewithasimilarquestion.Listentotheadviceyougivetoothers.It’susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.___20___A.Itoftenhappensbecausewehavemoredistancefromotherpeople’sproblemsthanourown.B.Buttheoppositewastrue.C.However,sometimeswemakedecisionsdependingonourselves.D.Weoftenlistentothewrongsources.E.Anditmightbethebestwaytomotivateyourself,too.F.Butitwaseasiersaidthandone.G.Whataboutgoingtopeoplewhoarequalifiedtogiveadvice?【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.B20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了在重大職業(yè)決定上向他人尋求建議可能會(huì)把我們引向錯(cuò)誤的方向并分析了原因，指出獲得更好的職業(yè)建議的方法是傾聽你給別人的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweturntoforadvice.

(為什么這么多的職業(yè)建議最終都被誤導(dǎo)了呢?問題可能從我們向誰(shuí)征求意見開始。)”，可知該空前面提到職業(yè)建議誤導(dǎo)的原因，問題可能始于我們向誰(shuí)尋求建議，這也許就是錯(cuò)誤的來(lái)源，誰(shuí)與后文的grandparentsandparents都是sources的具體所指。因此選項(xiàng)D“我們經(jīng)常聽錯(cuò)誤的來(lái)源。”符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Advisorsoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective(視角).(咨詢顧問們往往過于關(guān)注他們的個(gè)人喜好和經(jīng)歷，而不是我們的觀點(diǎn)。)”，該空是該段的起始句，空白處后面的意思是他們不知道什么對(duì)我們來(lái)說是正確的，建議者過于關(guān)注他們的瑣事和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而不是從我們的角度考慮，可以推測(cè)空白處是詢問向?qū)I(yè)的職業(yè)選擇建議者咨詢?cè)趺礃?，與上文向我們的親人尋求建議形成對(duì)照。因此選項(xiàng)G“去找那些有資格提供建議的人怎么樣?”符合題意。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyouarewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarenotalone.

(在某種程度上，你可能已經(jīng)注意到，給別人建議比自己做決定更明智。并不只是你。)”，空白處的前面寫到你在給別人提建議時(shí)比自己做決定更重要，Youarenotalone對(duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)的Itoftenhappens，對(duì)別人的問題比自己的問題有更遠(yuǎn)的距離對(duì)應(yīng)前面的話。因此選項(xiàng)A“它經(jīng)常發(fā)生，因?yàn)槲覀兣c別人的問題的距離比我們自己的問題的距離要遠(yuǎn)?！狈项}意。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“

Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedthatpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.(在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，人們?cè)谑盏浇ㄗh時(shí)比給予建議時(shí)更有動(dòng)力。)”和下文“

Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobeemoremotivated.(提出建議的人會(huì)變得更有動(dòng)力。)”，空白處前后形成一個(gè)對(duì)比，前面是人們當(dāng)在收到建議比給予建議更有動(dòng)力，后面是給予建議的人更有動(dòng)力，前后對(duì)比，對(duì)應(yīng)B項(xiàng)的轉(zhuǎn)折詞But和theopposite。因此選項(xiàng)B“但事實(shí)正好相反?！狈项}意。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Listentotheadviceyougivetoothers.It’susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.(傾聽你給別人的建議。這通常是你自己需要接受的建議。)”，空白處是該段的最后一句，對(duì)前文進(jìn)行總結(jié)或者進(jìn)一步闡述，前文意思是如果想得到更好的更大膽的建議，思考用類似的問題詢問別人，傾聽你給別人的建議，這通常是你要采納的建議，and對(duì)比進(jìn)一步闡述，結(jié)合上一段，這也許也是激勵(lì)自己的最好方法。因此選項(xiàng)E“這也可能是激勵(lì)你自己的最好方法。”符合題意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共四節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙／卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Howmuchtherapy(治療）doesapersonneed?ThefirstdayIjoinedWayneStateMedicalSchool,theprincipal___21___me,saying,there'saseniorstudentwholosthis___22___inanaccident.Beforetheaccident,hewasoutgoing,___23___friendly.Withthefittingofhisartificialleg（假肢），hebecamelonely,___24___allofhisfriends.Pleasedon'tsaytheword'leg'inhispresence.”Isaid,"Okay,I'll___25___.”Asanewteacher,Iwasnotinahurry.Iwaiteduntilthestudents___26___me.It___27___threeweeks.ThenIselectedthreestudentsJerry,TomandJoe.Itoldthem,"I'mgoingtoplayajoke.Tomorrow,Jerry,yougotothefourth___28___holdingtheelevatorupthere.Tom,youstandattheheadofthestairwellandlookdownatthegroundfloor.AndJoe,youstayonthegroundfloor___29___theelevatorbuttonandplainingthatthecleaneriskeepingtheelevatorup____30____shecouldgethermops(拖把）down.Thenextmorningeverybodywasthereat7:30,____31____fortheelevator.Iacted____32____toseethemall.Wetalkedabouttheweather.ThenIsaid,“Whydon'tyoupresstheelevatorbutton,Joe?"Joesaid,"Thatstupid____33____iskeepingituponthefourthfloor."Stillfurtherchatting,Ibeganto____34____Joetopushtheelevatorbutton.Atfivetoeight,thelightwaslituponthesecondbegantofloor.I____35____thestudentwithanartificialleginonecorner,saying,"Letuscripples(跋子）walkupstairsand____36____theablebodiedtowaitfortheelevator.”Sowestartedclimbingupstairs,TomssawusandwavedatJerry.Jerry____37____theelevator,andtherestoftheclasscameuponit.Atheendofthehourthatstudentgothissocial____38____again.I,whowasalsoacripple,____39____himoutofthestatus(身份）ofacripple.Thatgavehima(n)____40____status.21.A.respected B.encouraged C.telephoned D.taught22.A.sense B.way C.wealth D.leg23.A.sometimes B.always C.never D.seldom24.A.helped B.hated C.lost D.forgot25.A.takeup B.takecare C.takeoff D.takeback26.A.keptawayfrom B.brokeawayfrom C.paidattentionto D.gotcloseto27.A.saved B.wasted C.took D.required28.A.floor B.class C.station D.building29.A.turning B.pressing C.repairing D.protecting30.A.while B.if C.though D.so