航運(yùn)英語(yǔ)及函電

Unit1TermsofShipmentintheContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoodsDearsirs,

Re：ContractNo.4567

Referringtoourpreviousletters,wewishtocallyourattentiontothefactthatuptothepresentmomentnonewshascomefromyouabouttheshipmentunderthecaptionedcontract.

Asyouhavebeeninformedinoneofourpreviousletters,theusersareinurgentneedofthemachinescontractedandareinfactpressingusforanearlydelivery.

Underthecircumstance,itisobviouslyimpossibleforustoextendL/CNo.6789again,whichexpireson20thDecember,andwefeelitourdutytoremindyouofthismatteragain.

Asyourpromptattentiontoshipmentismostdesirabletoallpartiesconcerned,wehopeyouwillletushaveyourtelegraphicshippingadvicewithoutfurtherdelay.

Yoursfaithfully,TheEquatorialTradingCo.,Ltd.Dearsirs,40metrictonsNiccoliteWearenowpleasedtoinformyouthatwehaveshippedtheabovegoodsonboards.s.“Wusih”whichsailsforyourporttomorrow.

Enclosedpleasefindonesetoftheshippingdocumentscoveringthisconsignment,whichcomprises:

1.

Onenon-negotiablecopyofB/L.2.

Commercialinvoiceinduplicate.3.

OnecopyofcertificateofQuality.4.

OnecopyofInsurancePolicy.

Theoriginalofwhicharebeingsenttoyouthroughourbankers.

Wearegladtohavebeenabletoexecuteyourorderascontractedandtrustthatthegoodswillreachyouingoodtimetomeetyoururgentneedandthattheywillturnouttoyourentiresatisfaction.Weavailourselvesofthisopportunitytoassureyouofourpromptandcarefulattentioninhandingyourfutureorders.

Yoursfaithfully,

ChinaNationalImp.&Exp.Corp.Section5WordBankportsofcall掛靠港/?？扛踖xpirydate有效期presentationofdocuments交單partialshipments分批裝運(yùn)shippingdocuments裝運(yùn)單據(jù)/運(yùn)輸單據(jù)linertransport班輪運(yùn)輸shippingbychartering租船運(yùn)輸sailingschedule船期表linerfreighttariff班輪運(yùn)價(jià)表weightton重量噸measurementton尺碼噸directadditional直航附加費(fèi)transshipmentadditional轉(zhuǎn)船附加費(fèi)portadditional港口附加費(fèi)portcongestionsurcharge港口擁擠附加費(fèi)alterationofdestinationadditional變更卸貨港附加費(fèi)deviationsurcharge繞航附加費(fèi)optionaladditional選卸附加費(fèi)bunkersurcharge燃油附加費(fèi)additionalforexcessofliability超額責(zé)任附加費(fèi)21.dispatchmoney速遣費(fèi)22.shippingspace艙位Section6UsefulExpressions1.裝船日期1)ShipmentonoraboutMay20,2009.2)ShipmentnotlaterthanMay31st,2009.Or,Latestshipmentdate:May31st,2009.3)ShipmenttobemadeduringMay/June,2009.4)Shipmentwithin15daysafterreceiptofremittance.5)Shipmentwithin30daysafterreceiptofL/C.2.包裝要求1)Thepackingmustbestrongenoughtowithstandroughhandling.2)Pleaseseetoitthatthepackingissuitableforalongseavoyage.3)Takingintoconsiderationthetransportconditionsatyourend,wehaveespeciallyreinforcedourpackingsoastominimizetheextentofanypossibledamagetothegoods.4)Weareafraidthatweshallhavetochargemoreforthedesignatedpacking,asitcallsforextralaborandcost.5)Thepackingshouldbedoublebagslinedwithkraftpaper.3.詢(xún)問(wèn)裝船1）Weshouldbegladifyoucouldmanagetoshipthegoodsbys/s…sailingfrom…onorabout…2）PleaseshipthefirstlotunderContractNo.…bys/s…scheduledtosailonorabout…3)Theusersareinurgentneedofthegoodscontractedandareinfactpressingusforassuranceofanearlydelivery.4)Astheseasonisrapidlyapproaching,ourbuyersarebadlyinneedofthegoods.Unit2ThePracticeofInternationalOceanCargoTransportationDearSirs，ThankyouforyourinquiryofJune30,2009.WearepleasedtoinformyouthattheM.S.PrincessVictoriawillbeloadingatNo.2Dockfrom8thto11thJulyinclusive.FollowingheristheM.S.MerchantPrince,loadingatNo.5Dockfrom20thto24thJulyinclusive.ThevoyagetoAlexandrianormallytakesfourteendays.Thefreightrateforcrockerypackedinwoodencasesis￡57.50perton.Weshallbegladtobookyourcasesforeitherofthesevesselsandencloseourshippingform.Pleasecompleteandreturnitassoonasyoucan.YoursfaithfullyForP&OlinesLTDM.PickupManagerSample2ShippingAgent’sAdviceofChangeinSailingTimeDearSirs,WeshouldliketodrawyourattentiontotherecentannouncementoftheGulfShippingCompanyregardingsailingfromportsinMiddleEast.Owingtothepoliticalsituation,noneofthecompany’spublishedsailingfromKuwait,JeddahorBeirutcanbeguaranteedtillfurthernotice.TheM.S.“COLOMBIA”,dueJeddahonMay11thwillsailtoschedule,butM.S“INDIAN”willnotcallatJeddahonMay18th.TheMiddleEastLine’svessel“REDSEA”willputinatKuwaitandJeddahbetweenMay20thandMay25th.Somedelaysininwardcargoesareinevitable,buteveryeffortisbeingmadetocleargoodsnowwaitingintheaffectedports.Outwardcargoeshavenotbeenaffectedbutmaysufferdelayifthesituationdoesnotimprove.Kindlycableusyourinstructionsfortheholdingorredirectionofconsignmentsnowawaitingshippingorintransittous.Yoursfaithfully,W.Section4Tips2. DifferentTypesofShippingServiceTheinternationalshippingmarketoffersfourtypesofservice,namely,conferencelines,non-conferencelines,non-vesseloperatingcommoncarriersandtrampservice.2.1 ConferenceLineAshippingconferenceisagroupofshippinglinesoperatinginanyparticularrouteunderagreementtoprovideascheduledservicewithacommontariffandafixeditineraryofportsofcall.2.2 Non-conferenceLinesInrecentyears,alongmostinternationalroutes,non-conferencelineshaveposedachallengetotheconferencesystem.Thisisattributabletothedevelopmentofcontainerizationandemergenceofmanyindependentcarriers.Asaresult,alongsomeroutes,theconferencelineshavebeenforcedtocometotermswiththenon-conferencelinesinregardtorates,andtermsandconditionofservice.2.3 Non-vesselOperatingCommonCarrier(NVOCC)AnNVOCCisacarrierwhooperatesaregularscheduledservice.Hedoesnotownoroperatethevesselsbywhichseatransportationisprovided.AlthoughtheNVOCCisacarrierinhisrelationshipwiththeactualshipper,heisashipperinhisrelationshipwiththeactualcarrier.Heassumestheroleofaprincipalandperformsseveralfunctions.Heassumesresponsibilityforoceancarriers,bothconferenceandnon-conferencelines.Herendersausefulservicebyprovidinggroupageorconsolidationservice,particularlytosmallshipperswhodonothavemuchbargainingpowerinnegotiatingrates.2.4 TrampServiceTrampservicehasnofixeditineraryorscheduleandisoperatedonanyrouteaccordingtosupplyanddemand.Trampvesselsareusuallycharteredatnegotiatedrates,particularlywhenthequantityofcargoislarge.Section5WordBankcarrier承運(yùn)人commoncarrier公共承運(yùn)人charter租船consignee收貨人deliveryorder提貨單documentoftitle物權(quán)憑證non-conferencelines非班輪公會(huì)航線(xiàn)NVOCC無(wú)營(yíng)運(yùn)船公共承運(yùn)人portauthorities港務(wù)局，港口主管機(jī)關(guān)scheduledservice定期航運(yùn)shippingconference班輪公會(huì)trans-shipmentpoints轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)地shippingdocuments貨運(yùn)單證Section6UsefulExpressionsPleasecouldyouquoteyourinclusiveratesonthefollowingconsignments?Pleaseletusknowthepresentfreightratesforlargeshipments.Weshallbegladtoknowthetimeoftransitandfrequencyofsailings,andwhethercargospacemustbereserved;ifso,pleasesendusthenecessaryapplicationforms.Pleaseadviseusoftheloadingdates.Weshallbepleasedtohaveyourcurrenttariffs.itgivesusmuchpleasuretosendyouourquotationofthefreightratesaskedforinyourletterof…Inreplytoyourletterof10thMay,therateswecanquoteyouareasfollows…Thankyouforyourletterof23June,askingfortariffs.Foryourinformation,weareairmailingunderseparatecoverbrochuresgivingfulldetailsofthepresentfreightratesofourcompany.AsthecargoistobetransshippedatAntwerp,weshallrequire“ThroughBillofLading”.AllthecargoesarepayablebyusandtheBs/Laretobemarked“FreightPrepaid”.Thisisinreplytoyourinquiryof____,wearenowsendingyouaquotationofourtariffs.Pleasebeinformedthequotationissubjecttochangeonaccountofthesituationoftheshippingmarket.Wehopetohavethepleasureofdealingwithyourshipment.Wehavetoexpressourregretforbeingunabletoaccommodatethecargoyouofferedandtoexplainthatthissolelyonaccountofnecessaryspacenotbeingavailable.Withregardtotheaccommodationforadditionalcargoasrequestedinyourletterof(date),Iregrettoinformyouthattheshiphasnomorespaceallottedforthatcargo.Ifyourequireanyfurtherinformation,pleasedonothesitatetocontactus.Pleasefeelfreetocontactmeifyouhaveanyfurtherquestion.Section7ExercisesReadthefollowingletterandworkouttheChineseversionwithyourpartner:DearSirs,InformationonContainerServiceThankyouforyourinquiryofMay12th.Theshippingcontainersweprovideareoftwosizes,namely10ftand20ftrespectively.Theycanbeopenedatbothends,thusmakingitpossibletoloadandunloadatthesametime.Forcarryinggoodsliabletobespoiledbydamporwatertheyhavethegreatadvantageofbeingbothwater-tightandair-tight.Containerscanbeloadedandlockedatthefactory,ifnecessary.Pilferageisthereforeimpossible.Beingtemperature-controlled,ourcontainersareprovidedforanycargothatneedsspecialcare.Thislendsitsfullbenefitinshipping.Thereisalsoasavingonfreightcharges,whenseparateconsignmentsintendedforthesameportofdestinationarecarriedinonecontainer,andanadditionalsavingoninsurancebecauseoflowerpremiumchargedforcontainer-shippedgoods.Weencloseacopyofourtariffandlookforwardtoreceivingyourinstructions.Yoursfaithfully,SpikeChungTranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.carriageofgoodsbyseaendorsementmate’sreceiptsshippingconferenceshippingdocuments3.Findapartnertodiscussthefollowingcable:RYC12THETA/HAIKOU2300/15THUREASTOWAGEDISTRIBUTION1H/9502H/23053H/17304H/12055H/970TOTAL7160TONSPLSARRANGEDISCHARGESOONESTMASTER4.6studentsinagroup.Workasbuyer,seller,andshippingcompanyrespectively.Trytomakeoutlettersonenquiriesandrepliesforinformationonshippingspace,freightrates,frequencyofsailing,charterhire,andothershippingservices.Unit3OceanFreightRatesTeachingAims:Oceanfreightratesmaybebroadlydividedintotrampratesandlinerfreightrates.Trampratesfluctuatewithmarketconditionsofsupplyanddemand.Linerfreightsarefixedbyshippingconferencesandotherlineroperations.Reasonableenquiryaboutoceanfreightratesandeffectivecalculationandreplyplayimportantpartsintheshipmentofthegoodsinforeigntrade.Thisunitaimsathelpingthestudentstolearnhowtowriteeffectivelettersaboutoceanfreightratesinshippingbusiness.Afewsamplelettershavebeenselectedforapreliminarystudy.MainDifficultPoints:1.Therulesofwritinglettersofenquiry.2.Therulesofwritinglettersofreply.3.ThebusinesstermsKeyWords&Expressions:Oceanfreightrates,tramprate,linerfreightrate,inclusive,vessel,enclose,tariff,observe,tothepoint,expectant,humbleness,favorableSection1WarmingupHaveadiscussionwithyourpartneraboutthequestion:inshippingbusiness,howtomakeenquiriesaboutoceanfreightratesandhowtoquotethem.Shareyouropinionswithyourclassmates.Section2Lead-inOceanfreightratesplaythekeyroleintheprocedureofshippingbusiness.Reasonableenquiryaboutoceanfreightratesandeffectivequotationswillmakegreatprofitsforcarriersandshippers.Understandingallkindsoffreightsisquitenecessaryinwritinglettersaboutoceanfreightrates.Section3SamplesSample1EnquiryforFreightRatesDearSirorMadam:Weneedoceanratesallinclusivefor40HCcontainersfromQingdao(China)

toMiamiorPortEverglades(USA)

withwoodproducts.About15-20x40HCperweek.Pleaseindicatecarrierandtransittime.SendyourpriceindicatingthetotalamountofmoneypercontainertobepaidtotheagentintheUSA(allfees,commissions,documentchargesetcmustbeincludedonthepricequoted).

Ifthepriceisrightwewillcontactyouback.thankyouveymuch,DearSirorMadam:WeareonthelookoutforExporters/ImporterswhoneedthebestofOceanfreightexIndianportstovariousportsworldwide.BesideswealsowishtoactasagentsforF/ForwarderswhoneedrepresentationatIndianports.Wepossess40yearsofshippingexperienceandcanhandleAtoZintheshippingfield.Sowhyhesitate,contactusimmedietlyandseethedifference.Awaityrpromptresponse.RegardsAlhajjA.S.BashaDearSupplier,WearepleasetointoduceourselevesasoneoftheleadingmanufacturersofCastIronandDuctileIronproductsinSouthIndia.Forthis,wewouldliketotieupwitharegularsupplierofCastIronScrap(Foundarygrade)alsocalledUsedrailscrap.Ourrequirementisabout250metrictonnes/monthandinjustafewmonthasweareheadingformajorexpansiondrive,ourrequirementwouldgoupto750metrictonnes/month.Requestyoutopleaseletusknowyourratepermetrictonneincludingfreighttofollowingaddress:Hyderabad,Pleasesendyourlowestquotations

attheearliest.

ThanksandBestRegards,SandeepSardaSample2QuotationforfreightratesSection4TipsSection5WordBankoceanfreightrate海運(yùn)運(yùn)費(fèi)tramprate不定期船運(yùn)費(fèi)linerrate班輪運(yùn)費(fèi)lineroperator班輪營(yíng)運(yùn)人lumpsumrate整筆運(yùn)費(fèi)stowagefactor積載因數(shù)FreightAllKinds(FAK)Rates均一運(yùn)費(fèi)費(fèi)率；不分貨種運(yùn)費(fèi)費(fèi)率basicrate基本費(fèi)率surcharge附加費(fèi)bunkeradjustmentfactor燃油附加費(fèi)portadditional港口附加費(fèi)currencyadjustmentfactor(CAF)貨幣貶值附加費(fèi)transshipmentsurcharge轉(zhuǎn)船附加費(fèi)directadditional直航附加費(fèi)heavyliftadditional超重附加費(fèi)longlengthadditional超長(zhǎng)附加費(fèi)surchargeofbulkycargo超大附加費(fèi)portcongestionadditional港口擁擠附加費(fèi)optionalsurcharge選港附加費(fèi)deviationsurcharge繞航附加費(fèi)Section6UsefulExpressions1.OpeningPhrases&SentencesGenerallyUsedInBusinessLetters

1）特此奉告等

Toinformoneof;Tosay;Tostate;Tocommunicate;Toadviseoneof;Tobringtoone'snotice(knowledge);Tolaybeforeone;Topointout;Toindicate;Tomention;Toappriseoneof;Toannounce;Toremark;Tocallone'sattentionto;Toremindoneof;etc.

2）為(目的)奉告某某事項(xiàng)

a.Thepurposeofthisletteristoinformyouthat(of)

b.Theobjectofthepresentistoreportyouthat

c.BythisletterwePurposetoinformyouthat(of)

3）惠請(qǐng)告知某某事項(xiàng)，等

a.Pleaseinformmethat(of)

b.Begoodenoughtoinformmethat(of)

c.Obligemebyinformingthat(of)

4）特確認(rèn)，本公司某月某日函件等

a.Weconfirmourletterofthel0thofthismonth

b.Wehadthepleasureofwritingyoulastonthel0thofthismonth

c.Confirmingourrespectsofthe10thMay,

5）貴公司某月某日函電，敬悉等

a.Wehavepleasureinacknowledgingreceiptofyouresteemedfavourofthe3rdMay

b.YourletterofMay5wasverywelcome

c.Wethankyouforyourfavourofthe5thMay

6）特回答貴公司某月某日函所敘述有關(guān)事項(xiàng)等

a.Ihavethepleasureofstating,inanswertoyourinquiryofthe4thinst,that

b.Inreplytoyourletterofthe5thofMay,Ihavetoinformyouthat(of)

c.Ihastentoansweryourinquiryofthel5thMay,bystatingthat

7）非常遺憾，我們奉告您關(guān)于，等。

a.Weregrettoinformyouthat(of)

b.ItistoberegrettedthatImustinformyouthat(of)

c.Iexpressmysorrowforannouncingyouthat

8）遵照某月某日來(lái)函指示，等。

a.Inaccordancewiththeinstructionsgiven(contained)inyourfavourofthe10thMay

b.Accordingtothedirectionscontainedinyoursofthe6thMay

c.Inconformitywith(to)yourinstructionsofthel0thult.

2.ComplimentaryCloseinofficialletters:

(Very)Trulyyours

Yours(very)truly

(Very)Respectfullyyours

Yours(very)respectfully

(Very)Sincerelyyours

Yours(very)sincerelyLovingly

Section7Exercises1.Fillintheblankswithawordbeginningwiththelettergivenbelow.Inreplyt__yourletterofJuly5th,theM.S.Moonisrecevingg_____cargofromJuly10thto15thi_________,andisexpectedtoc_____loadingon14th.P_________thatthereisnounduedelay,weseenor________whyyourgoodsshouldnotbeonb______by15thalthoughthiscannotbeg________.Wesuggestthatthe20casesshouldbed_________totheshipontheopeningdayandwewilldoourutmosttocomplyw_______yourrequest.2.TranslatethefollowingenquiryletterintoChinese.EnquiryforContainerServiceDearSirs,WewishtointroduceourselvestoyouasalargeexporteroffancyleatherbagsinChinaandlearnthatyourcompanyisnowoperatingacontainerserviceontheNewYork-Shanghairoute.Pleaseletushavetheparticularsofyourservice,includingthefreightchargesforit.Wecanpromiseyouregularshipmentsifyouquoteacompetitiverate.Thankyou.Welookforwardtoyourfavorablereply.YoursfaithfullyShanghaiDongshengImp.&Exp.Co.,Ltd.3.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish致悉尼新托馬斯船務(wù)代理公司代理先生：咨詢(xún)運(yùn)費(fèi)茲有一批自行車(chē)貨物1000箱由大連裝運(yùn)到悉尼，請(qǐng)給我們報(bào)價(jià)包括碼頭費(fèi)、駁船費(fèi)、卸貨費(fèi)及其他費(fèi)用在內(nèi)的運(yùn)費(fèi)率。敬盼佳音?！傍P凰”輪船長(zhǎng)謹(jǐn)啟簽名大連港2010年2月1號(hào)4.Findapartnertowriteanenquiryandreplyletteraccordingtothefollowinginformation.Sender:IndiaTradeFairsLtd.Receiver:JeffersonShippingAgentCo.,Ltd.,U.S.ADate:TwentyfirstofFebruary2009Remarks:WriteanenquirytoJeffersonShippingAgentCo.,Ltd.,U.S.A,inquiringaboutthetimeofthevoyageandfreightratefor500tonsofpenutspackedinwoddencases.5.Teamwork.Divideyourclassmatesintoseveralteamswith5peopleineachteam.Playtheroleofship’smaster,shippingagent,businesspartnerrespectively.TrytomakeoutdifferentformsofenquiryandrelevantrepliesintheformofPPTandmakeapresentationnextclass.Unit4MarineCargoDamageandInsuranceTeachingAims:Cargodamageisaconstantproblem.Althoughallnecessaryprecautionarymeasurestopreventcargodamagemayhavebeentaken,itisnotalwayspossibletoeliminatedamagealtogetherinmarinetransport.Itcommonlyoccursinloading,dischargingorcarriage.Whencargodamagehappened,itisnecessarytocontacttheinsurancecompanytocoverthelosses.MainDifficultPoints:Thedifferenttypesofcargodamage.Thecoverageofinsurancetypes.Thebusinessterms.KeyWords&Expressions:FPAWPAAllRisksstainbulkheadsupervisionliabilitySection1WarmingupHaveadiscussionwithyourpartnerandgivealistonthedifferenttypesofcargodamageandwhattheexporterandimportershoulddotogetinsurance.Section2Lead-inWhencargoisfounddamaged,itisnecessarytoestimatetheextentofdamageandalsotofindoutthecauseofdamageforaclaimforcompensation.Damagedcargomustbeverifiedassoonasithasbeenidentified,latestatthetimeofarrivalofthevesselandcargoatthedestination.Intradebusiness,theusualprocedureisthatwhenthedamageiscoveredbyinsurance,andwhentheliabilityofdamagelieswiththeshippers,thesurveyor'sreportissubmittedtotheinsurancecompanyforaclaimforcompensation.Cargodamagecanbeclassifiedbycauseintothefollowing:A.OriginaldamageB.StevedonedamageC.HeavyweatherdamageD.SweatdamageE.PilferageF.InherentnatureorviceofgoodsMarineInsurancecoversthelossordamageofships,cargo,terminals,andanytransportorpropertybywhichcargoistransferred,acquired,orheldbetweenthepointsoforiginandfinaldestination.Cargoinsurancewouldcoverthegoodswhiletheyarebeingtransportedoversea,airandland(includesparcelpostandcarryingsbycourierservice).Section3SamplesSample1ReplytotherequestofinsuranceDearsirs,YourOrderNo.09-0260--3,000pcs.cushionsWehavereceivedyourletterofFebruary23,askingustoinsurethecaptionedorderforanamountof30%abovetheinvoicevalue.Althoughitisourusualpracticetoinsureshipmentsfortheinvoicevalueplus10%,wearepreparedtocomplywithyourrequestforgettingcoverfor130%oftheinvoicevalue.Buttheextrapremiumwillbeforyouraccount.Pleasetakenoteoftheabove.Yoursfaithfully,captioned標(biāo)題項(xiàng)下的usualpractice習(xí)慣、通常做法complywith保持一致、同意premium保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)Sample2NoticeinsuranceDearsirs,Pleasebeinformedthatwewillbeshippingyourorderfor12c/sCameraspers/s"Peace",duetoleavehereattheendofthismonthorthebeginningofnextmonth.Unlessotherwiseinstructed,wewillarrangetotakeoutanALLRISKSinsurancepolicyforyouontheabovecargo.Thistypeofcoverageis,inouropinion,necessaryforacargoofthisnature.Yoursfaithfully,dueto由于coverage保險(xiǎn)范圍Section4TipsGuidetoimportandexportfreightinsuranceclaims

Whentheinsuredlosses,aftertheinsuranceofthegoodstotheinsurancecompany'sclaimsarise，theinsuredpersonshallbeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthepolicytotheinsuranceclaimprocessingprocedures:1,thelossnotice:Whentheinsuredpersonorfindsoutthattheinsuranceofgoodsweredamaged,theyshouldimmediatelynotifytheinsurerinordertotesttheinsurerloss.Second,theinsuredpersonorhisagentinthedeliveryofgoodsobviouslyfoundthewholepieceisdamagedordeficient,inadditiontotheinsurancecompanyreportedthatloss.Third,totakereasonablerescue,organizemeasures:theinsuranceofgoodsdamaged.Fourth,toclaimbackallthenecessarydocuments:1,theoriginalpolicyorcertificateofinsurance;2,thecontractofcarriage,suchasbillsoflading,consignmentnoteandmailasingle,etc.3,commercialinvoices;4,packinglists,tallyvisas;poundsyardsdocuments,customs5,cargodamagecertificate(traintransportation-therailwaysectorshowsthattransportationandshipping-proofoftheportsector,car-trafficmanagementdepartmentcertificate),ifnecessary,shouldbeaccompaniedbyon-sitesurveyreportsandon-siteinventorylossrecord6,theclaimantlist;7,thelossphotos8,involvingthird-partyliability,providetotheresponsibleparty'smessageofrecovery,andothernecessarydocumentsordocuments.9,cargosalvagevalue(ifany)anditscalculationsorsupportinginformationinaccordancewith和…一致thelossnotice損失通知cargodamagecertificate貨物損失證明salvagen.從災(zāi)難中搶救出來(lái)的財(cái)產(chǎn)Section5WordBankinsurancefreeof(from)particularaverage(FPA).平安險(xiǎn)（單獨(dú)海損不賠）

insurancewithparticularaverage(WPA),basicrisks.insuranceagainstallrisks.綜合險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)保一切險(xiǎn)

riskofbreakage破碎險(xiǎn)

riskofclashing碰損險(xiǎn)

riskofrust生銹險(xiǎn)

riskofhookdamage鉤損險(xiǎn)

riskofcontamination(tainting)污染險(xiǎn)insuranceagainsttotallossonly(TLO)全損險(xiǎn)riskofdeterioration變質(zhì)險(xiǎn)

riskofpackingbreakage包裝破裂險(xiǎn)

riskofinherentvice內(nèi)在缺陷險(xiǎn)

riskofnormalloss(naturalloss)?途耗或自然損耗險(xiǎn)

riskofspontaneouscombustion自然險(xiǎn)

riskofcontingentimportduty進(jìn)口關(guān)稅險(xiǎn)

insuranceagainstwarrisk戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn)

AirTransportationCargoWarRisk航空運(yùn)輸戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn)

overlandTransportationInsuranceWarRisk陸上運(yùn)輸戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)險(xiǎn)

insuranceagainststrike,riotandcivilcommotion(SRCC)罷工，暴動(dòng)，民變險(xiǎn)

insuranceagainstextraneousrisks,insuranceagainstadditionalrisks附加險(xiǎn)

riskoftheft,pilferageandnondelivery(TRND)盜竊提貨不著險(xiǎn)

riskoffreshand/ofrainwaterdamage(wetting)淡水雨淋險(xiǎn)

riskofleakage滲漏險(xiǎn)

riskofshortageinweight/quantity短量險(xiǎn)

riskofsweatingand/orheating受潮受熱險(xiǎn)

riskofbadodour(changeofflavour)惡味險(xiǎn)，變味險(xiǎn)

riskofmould發(fā)霉險(xiǎn)

ondeckrisk艙面險(xiǎn)

Section6UsefulExpressions1.Wefeelitourdutytoremindyouofthematter.2.Ourinvestigationshowsthat,contarytothebadstowageasstatedinyourletter,thebreakageofthecaptionedgoodsisattributedtotheinferiorqualityofthecontainerswhichdonotcomeuptothestandardfortransit.3.Itisdifficulttodetectdamage,ifany,fromanexternalexaminationatthetimeofloading.4.Inrespecttothetowageofthispeculiarcargo,wepaidutmostattentiontothecoolnessofthecompartments,andespeciallyinpointofefficientventilation.5.Wehavesparednoeffortstominimizethedamagetotheremainingportionofthegoodsbyremovingpromptlythecontaminatedsubstancesfromthesaidgoods.6.Asourusualpractice,insurancecoversbasicrisksonly,at110percentoftheinvoicevalue.Ifcoverageagainstotherrisksisrequired,suchasbreakage,leakage,TPND,hookandcontaminationdamages,theextrapremiuminvolvedwouldbeforthebuyer'saccount.

7.AW.P.A.orW.A.policycoversyouagainstpartiallossinallcases.

8.W.P.Acoverageistoonarrowforashipmentofthisnature,pleaseextendthecoveragetoincludeTPND.

9.We'dlike?tocovertheporcelainwareagainstAllRisks.

10.FreefromParticularAverageisgoodenough.

Section7Exercises1.PutthefollowingintoEnglish海難船舶保險(xiǎn)意外事故保賠協(xié)會(huì)折舊費(fèi)通風(fēng)不良一切險(xiǎn)裝箱單2.Readthefollowingtextanddiscusswithyourpartnerontheformoftheletter.WorkouttheChineseversion:DearSirs:Tracing5casesRubberMarked“MEF”Singapore/MarseillesB/LNo.150Atthetimeofdischarging450casesofRubberfromSingaporetoNaplesuBillofLadingNo.155,whichwassincloseproximitytothecaptionedparcelinthesamecompartment,5casesotobe“Shortindispute”.Asyouareaware,althoughtheparcel,whichwaslatNaples,ismarked“TPC”,itisotherwiseindistinguishablefabove,andthepossibilityisthatthe5casesinqweremixedwiththeparceldforMarseilles.Inthisconnection,Ishallaitverymuchifyouwouldkinglyinstructallconcernedatyourstomacarefulcheckatthetimeofdeliverywithaviewtotthesame.Shouldthesecasesoutturnatyours,pleasefthemtoNaplestocompletetheshipment,dulyadvisingussothatwecanithoseinterestedaccordingly.Thankyouinanticipationforyourkindattentiontothismatter.3.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish事由：關(guān)于“東風(fēng)”輪所載的蘋(píng)果貨損問(wèn)題致收貨人：你方3月25日編號(hào)為BK-25函收到，獲悉我船所載的第148號(hào)提單項(xiàng)下1000箱蘋(píng)果貨從橫濱到倫敦航行中損壞150箱之事，我們甚感遺憾。有關(guān)的這批貨是裝載在2號(hào)艙底艙和二層艙內(nèi)，在裝貨前由橫濱的勞氏檢察員徹底檢查過(guò)，艙室內(nèi)的冷氣和通風(fēng)情況完全符合運(yùn)輸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使檢驗(yàn)員和托運(yùn)人均感滿(mǎn)意。在航海途中，我們也特別注意對(duì)上述貨物有效地通風(fēng)。從上所述，我們可以斷定貴方所聲稱(chēng)的蘋(píng)果貨損一定是該商品原有特性所致。這是我們無(wú)法控制的事情。因此，我們隊(duì)此項(xiàng)損失不能負(fù)責(zé)。另外，我們?cè)附璐藱C(jī)會(huì)提請(qǐng)你們注意，托運(yùn)人如不改進(jìn)包裝，今后將不可避免地發(fā)生同樣損壞之事。相信此事會(huì)得到你們的充分理解。4.6studentsinagroup.WorkasShip’smaster,importer,exporterandinsuranceagentrespectively.Trytotakemeasurestocovertheinsuranceanddealwiththedamagegoods.Unit5ApplicationsTeachingAims:Applicationisaformalwrittenrequestyoumakewiththeappropriateauthoritiesforassistance.Inshippingbusinessmakinganapplicationisakindofregularwork.Lettersofapplicationhaveafixedpatternthough