2023《微專題小練習(xí)》英語(yǔ)新教材練習(xí)57語(yǔ)法填空＋閱讀理解

練習(xí)57語(yǔ)法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空2021·全國(guó)甲卷175詞★★★★★TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It1.________(build)originallytoprotectthecity2.________theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible3.________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After4.________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5.________(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!We6.________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky7.________didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall8.________wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand9.________(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10.________(day)routines.Ⅱ.閱讀理解A2022·撫州六校聯(lián)考記敘文248詞★★★★☆NobellaureateCN．YangandTuringAwardwinnerYaoQizhihavebecomeChinesecitizensandofficiallyjoinedtheChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS)asacademicians,theacademy'sofficialfaculty(科)officesaidonTuesday,Feb21st2018.TheyarethefirstoverseasscientiststorelinquishtheirforeigncitizenshiptojoinofficialfacultyofChina'shighestscientificresearchorganization.Yang,94,wouldjointhemathematicalphysicsdepartment,whileYao,70,wouldentertheinformationtechnologyandsciencedepartment.“Theyarebothinternationallydistinguishedscholars，”thefacultyofficesaidinapressstatement.“Theirentryintotheacademy'sfacultywillincreasetheinfluenceofChina'sscientificcirclesglobally.”YangandhiscolleagueLiZhengdaoreceivedthe1957NobelPrizeinPhysicsfortheirworkonparitynon-conservationofweakinteraction,becomingthefirstChinesetowinaNobelPrize.YaoreceivedtheTuringAward,themostfamousawardincomputerscience,in2000“inrecognitionofhisfundamentalcontributionstothetheoryofcomputation,includingthetheoryofpseudorandomnumbergeneration,cryptography,andcommunicationcomplexity.”Inlate2017,bothscientistsgaveuptheirforeignnationalityandsubmittedtheirrequesttojointheacademy.Theofficehadtocarryoutnewprocedurestoacceptthem.Inrecentyears,theofficeisactivelytryingtobuilda“bigacademicianfamily”，connectingwell-knownscholarsaroundtheworldtocontributetoChina'smajorscientificdevelopment.Therearenow754Chineseand78foreignscientistsattheacademy.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“relinquish”inparagraph2mean?A．Possess.B．Abandon.C．Demand.D．Hate.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthetwoscholars?A．Theystudyphysics.B．TheyreceivedtheNobelPrize.C．TheywererecognizedashereceiversofTuringAward.D．Theyshouldfollowsomeentryproceduresconductedbytheofficialfacultyoffice.3．Whatdoestheofficethinkofthetwoscholarsentryintotheacademy'sfaculty?A．ItwillincreaseChina'seconomicpositionglobally.B．ItwillinspiremorepeopletogofortheNobelPrize.C．ItwillimprovetheglobalinfluenceofChina'sscientificcircles.D．ItwillmakethesciencedepartmentsinChinamoreharmonious.4．What'sthemainpurposeofthefifthparagraph?A．TotellusYao'sgreatachievements.B．ToexplainwhyYaowilljointheoffice.C．ToshowhowstrongChina'sacademyteamis.D．TocompareYangwithYaointermsofscience.B2022·鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)說(shuō)明文365詞★★★★☆I(lǐng)magineyou'restandinginlinetobuyasnackatastore.Youstepuptothecounterandthecashierscansyourfood.Next,youhavetopay.ButinsteadofscanningaQRCode(二維碼)withyoursmartphone,youjustholdoutyourhandsothecashiercanscanyourfingerprint.Or,acamerascansyourface,youreyesorevenyourear.Now,thistypeoftechnologymightnotbefaraway.Astechnologycompaniesmoveawayfromthetraditionalpassword,biometric(生物特征識(shí)別的)security,whichincludesfingerprint,faceandvoiceID,isbecomingincreasinglypopular.In2013,AppleintroducedtheiPhone5s,oneofthefirstsmartphoneswithafingerprintscanner.Sincethen,usingone'sfingerprinttounlockaphoneandmakemobilepaymentshasbecomeacommonplace,bringingconveniencetoourlives.Andsince2016,Samsunghasfeaturedeye-scanningtechnologyinitstopsmartphones,whileApple'snewiphoneXcanevenscanauser'sface.Butdespiteitspopularity,expertswarnthatbiometricsmightnotbeassecureasweimagine.“Biometricsisideallygoodinpractice,notsomuch，”saidJohnMichener,abiometricsexpert.WhenintroducingthenewiPhone'sfaceIDfeature,PhilSchiller,Apple'sseniorvice-president,said.“ThechancethatarandompersoninthepopulationcouldlookatyouriPhonesXandunlockitwiththeirfaceisaboutoneinamillion.”Butit'salreadybeendone.InavideopostedonacommunitywebsiteReddit,twobrothersshowedhowtheywereeachabletounlockthesameiPhoneXusingtheirownface.Andtheyaren'teventwins.“Wemayexpecttoomuchfrombiometrics，”AnilJain,acomputerscienceprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity,toldCBSNews.“Nosecuritysystemsareperfect.”Earlierlastyear,Jainfoundawaytotrickbiometricsecurity.Usingaprintedcopyofathumbprint,shewasabletounlockadeadperson'ssmartphoneforthepolice,accordingtoatechwebsiteSplinter.“It'sgoodtoseebiometricsbeingusedmore，”JaintoldCBSNews,“becauseitaddsanotherfactorforsecurity.Butusingmultiplesecuritymeasuresisthebestdefense.”5．Whichisthelatestidentificationtechnologyinasmartphoneaccordingtothepassage?A．Facescanning.B．Eyescanning.C．QRCodescanning.D．Fingerprintscanning.6．WhatisamajorproblemoftheiPhoneX'sfaceIDsystem?A．Ittakestoolongtounlockthephone.B．Itoftenfailstorecognizeitsowner'sface.C．Facedatacanbeusedforotherpurposes.D．Differentfacescanbeusedtounlockthesamephone.7．WhatisAnilJain'sopinionaboutbiometricsecurity?A．Itisassecureastraditionalmeasures.B．Itisperfectwithoutmuchimprovement.C．Ithascausedmuchtroubleforthepolice.D．Itshouldbeusedwithothersecuritymeasures.8．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthispassage?A．Thepopularityofbiometrics.B．Securityproblemsofbiometrics.C．Variousproblemswithbiometrics.D．Greatchangescausedbybiometrics.練習(xí)57語(yǔ)法填空＋閱讀理解Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者騎租來(lái)的自行車游覽中國(guó)悠久歷史中幸存下來(lái)最完整的城墻——西安古城墻的一次美好經(jīng)歷。1．答案與解析：wasbuilt考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)it構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且根據(jù)originally可知，此處描述的是過(guò)去的情況，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以填wasbuilt。2．答案與解析：in考查介詞。表示“在……朝代”應(yīng)用介詞in。3．答案與解析：towalk考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此處是固定句型“Itis＋adj.＋(forsb.)todosth.”，It是形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)是真正的主語(yǔ)。4．答案與解析：spending考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。空前的After為介詞，后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。故填spending。5．答案與解析：better考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，且根據(jù)空后的than可知，空處應(yīng)用good的比較級(jí)。6．答案與解析：hired考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，此句描述的是過(guò)去的情況，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。7．答案與解析：but考查連詞。根據(jù)空處前后的句意可知，“自行車又舊又搖晃”與“能騎”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故用表轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but。8．答案與解析：the考查冠詞。alltheway為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“一直，一路上”。9．答案與解析：watchtowers考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。并列連詞and連接的詞在形式上應(yīng)保持一致，and前的gates是名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故空處應(yīng)用所給詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式watchtowers。10．答案與解析：daily考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞routines應(yīng)用形容詞形式，dailyroutine為固定搭配，意為“日常生活”。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A1．答案與解析：B根據(jù)第一段中的“havebecomeChinesecitizens”和第六段中的“bothscientistsgaveuptheirforeignnationality”可知，他們兩個(gè)人放棄了外國(guó)公民身份，加入了中國(guó)國(guó)籍。B項(xiàng)正確。2．答案與解析：D從第六段中的“Theofficehadtocarryoutnewprocedurestoacceptthem.”可知，他們進(jìn)入社會(huì)需要遵循一些新程序。D項(xiàng)正確。3．答案與解析：C根據(jù)第三段中