UNIT42DISCOVERINGUSEFULSTRUCTURES高一上學(xué)期系列(人教2019必修第一冊(cè))

人教必修第一冊(cè)WordsReviewvolcano

erupt

supply

typhoonintheopenairhurricanesurviven.

(pl.-oesor-os)火山vi.&vt.

(火山)爆發(fā);(巖漿、煙等)噴出n.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給n.臺(tái)風(fēng)露天；在戶外n.

(尤指西大西洋的）颶風(fēng)vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)

ReadafterthetapeandspeakouttheChineseimmediately.DescribepicturesofdisastersUnit4DiscoveringUsefulStructuresSituationPayattentiontothesentences.關(guān)系詞who/which/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句Nowlet'sreadmoreexamples.1.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.2.Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.3.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.4.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.5.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomes

hadbeendestroyed.1.Thereweredeepcracks_____appearedinthewellwalls.2.Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquake____evencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.3.Twothirdsofthepeople____livedthereweredeadorinjured.4.Thenumberofpeople____werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.5.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigout

those_____weretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors______homeshadbeendestroyed.thatthatwhowhowho

whosego

Ready?TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.在復(fù)合句中，主句中的名詞和代詞可以由從句來(lái)修飾。這種用來(lái)修飾主句中的名詞和代詞的從句就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句Focuson基本含義和用法定語(yǔ)從句修飾antecedent

先行詞relativepronoun關(guān)系代詞1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterrible

experience

thatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.2.Thecouple

wholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.3.Thesupplies

whichwereprovidedtothedisaster

areawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.4.MrLiisanarchitect

whosedesignsforthenew

townhavewonpraise.5.Adoctor

withwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞有______,______,_______,________和________，常在從句中充當(dāng)_______,________和________。thatwhowhichwhosewhom主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymost

boys.(2)Helikestoreadbookswhicharewritten

byforeignwriters.

(3)Thisisthepen(which)hebought

yesterday.

(4)Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelast

nightwasnotinterestingatall.1.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。(1)Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthis

morning?(2)Theperson(that/whom)youintroduced

tomeisverykind.

(3)Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspring

issummer.

(4)YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/which

camefromAustralia.

2.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷?。(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)Aperson

who

stealsthingsiscalledathief.3.who指人，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略）。(1)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.(2)ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.4.whom指人，作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)可省略，如介詞提前則不能省)who和whom都用于指代人，who往往可以代替whom在從句中擔(dān)任賓語(yǔ)，但前面有介詞時(shí)必須用whom，即“介詞+whom”。(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisa

doctor.(2)Italkedwiththemanwhosehousewas

destroyedintheflood.(3)Theclassroomwhose

doorisbroken

willsoonberepaired.(4)Doyoulikethebookwhose

coveris

yellow?5.whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose既可指人，也可指物。1.that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換，但在下列情況下，一般用that而不用which。①Iamsureshehassomething

that

youcan

borrow.我肯定她有你可以借的東西。②Doyouhaveanything

thatyoudon'tunderstand?你有什么不明白的嗎？（1）先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,

anything,little,much等不定代詞Attention①Thisisthefirstbook

(that)hehasread.這是他讀的第一本書。②Thisisthebestfilm

(that)Ihaveeverseen.這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾（3）先行詞既有人又有物①Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings

that

theyremembered.他們談?wù)撍麄冇浀玫娜撕褪?。②Lookatthemanandhisdonkey

thatarewalking

upthestreet.你看那人和他的驢，正走在街上。（4）先行詞被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，theonly，thevery，thelast，just，right等修飾。①I’vereadallthebooks

thatarewrittenbyhim.他寫的書我都讀過(guò)了。②Thisistheverybook

thatbelongstohim.這正是他的書。（5）先行詞是who或which引導(dǎo)的主句中。①

Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?開車的女孩是誰(shuí)？②WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?哪件T恤衫最適合我？2.當(dāng)先行詞是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those等,指人時(shí)一般用who不用that。①Those

whowanttogotothecinemawillhaveto

waitatthegateoftheschool.那些想去看電影的人將在學(xué)校門口等著。②Anyone

whobreaksthelawsshouldbepunished.任何違反法律的人都應(yīng)該受到懲罰。③I'vetoldall

whowillattendthemeeting.我已經(jīng)通知所有與會(huì)人員。1.Herearesomeofthepeople_______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_____wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything_________theycouldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_________

hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy______motherwaslostinthe

disasterwastakentothehospital.6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby

_______shewasrescued.7.Isthistheyoungboy______savedseveralother

studentstrappedunderbuildings?

whosewhothatOR/that/which1.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,

whose,whomor“/”.whosewhomwhoP522ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.有些人的家園被臺(tái)風(fēng)摧毀了。建筑物可怕的搖晃把人們從睡夢(mèng)中驚醒。第二天，人們用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避難所。幾天以后，大多數(shù)被颶風(fēng)破壞的建筑物得到了修繕。那個(gè)在災(zāi)難中失去了母親的受傷男孩被送去了醫(yī)院。這位女士給營(yíng)救她的戰(zhàn)士寫了一封感謝信。這就是那個(gè)從樓里救出了好幾位被困同學(xué)的男孩嗎？EXAMPLEA:What'stherescueworkerdoing?B:She'sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedthe

earthquake.2.Workwithapartner.Taketurnstoaskeachotheraboutthepictures.Makesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesusing

that,which,

who,whose,or

whom.P523SuggestedAnswers:1.A:Whoisthewomanwho/thatisholdingthebaby?B:She'sarescueworker.A:Whereisthewomanwho/thatisthebaby'smother?B:Maybeshe'sinjuredandinthehospital.2.A:Whoarethepeoplewhosetentisbeingfixed?B:Thepeoplewhosecitywasdestroyedbytheearthquake.3.A:Whyisthisdogpartoftherescueteam?B:Thedog,whosejobistosearchpeoplewhoareburiedintheruins,hasanincrediblesenseofsmellandhearingforfindingpeopleintheruins.指代內(nèi)容所做成分是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose關(guān)系代詞的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省可省不可省關(guān)系代詞用法1.先行詞為all，

everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much等不定代詞2.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾3.先行詞既有人又有物4.先行詞被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，theonly，thevery，thelast，just，right等修飾5.先行詞是who或which引導(dǎo)的主句中先行詞是one，ones，anybody，anyone，all，none，those等一般用that而不用which一般用who不用that注：另附word文檔，點(diǎn)此鏈接Ⅰ.實(shí)戰(zhàn)高考。1.(2019浙江卷)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth_________givesofflightinthedark.2.(2017北京卷)Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.A.thatB.asC.whereD.whenthat/whichⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。1.Doyoustillremembertheearthquake

___________happenedtenyearsago?2.Itisagoodchoicefortourists________

prefervisitingplacesofhistoricalinterest.3.Thisisthepilotwith______mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisgreen?5.Jacksonlikesthebike__________hisunclegavehimasabirthdaygift.that/whichthat/whowhomwhoseth