2024屆江蘇省泰州市高三年級下冊調(diào)研測試（一模）英語試題（解析版）

2024屆高三調(diào)研測試

英語試題

（考試時間：120分鐘;總分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂里。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本

試卷上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whafswrongwiththeman'sphone?

A.Ifslostagain.B.Itneedstoberepaired.C.Ifstoooldtoupdatethesystem.

2.Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttogiveup?

A.Thesofa.B.Thebed.C.Thetable.

3.Whatdoesthemanprefertodofirst?

A.Gohome.B.Getsomethingtoeat.C.Workontheirproject.

4.Howlongwillittakethemantogohometoday?

A.15minutes.B.30minutes.C.45minutes.

5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Bossandclerk.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每

小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatisthewoman'smaininterestforthefuture?

A.Singinginaband.B.Becomingapopsinger.C.Teachingmusicinschool.

7.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?

A.He'lllendhersomemoney.B.He'llgiveheracareercontract.C.He'llintroducehertoinfluentialpeople.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Onanairplane.B.Attheairportticketoffice.C.Attheairportsecuritycheckpoint.

9.Whichcityisprobablytheman'sfinaldestination?

A.NewYork.B.London.C.LosAngeles.

10Whatdoesthemanwanttochange?

A.Histicket.B.Hismeal.C.HisWi-Fipackage.

聽第8段材料，回答第U至13題。

11.Whathaschangedabouttheman?

A.Hisface.B.Hishair.C.Hisheight.

12Howdidthespeakersknoweachother?

A.Fromwork.B.Fromcollege.C.Fromhighschool.

13.Whydidthewomanstopbeinganurse?

A.Transportwasaproblem.

B.Patientsweredifficulttogetalongwith.

C.Shecouldn'tstandseeingpeoplesuffering.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewoman'strip?

A.Towriteajournalarticle.B.Tovolunteerwithagroup.C.Toattendbusinessmeetings.

15.Whereisthemanprobablyfrom?

A.TheCongo.B.TheUK.C.Germany.

16.Whatdoesthemanprobablylikebestabouthiscountry?

A.Thelocalfoodculture.B.Thenaturallandscapes.C.Thebusinessopportunities.

17.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthewoman?

A.she'simpressive.B.She'sunprepared.C.She'sunlucky.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

A.Cisitstoacastle.B.Repairstoacastle.C.Historyofacastle.

19.Whatmadethefirstpartdifficulttodealwith?

A.Thefirstbridge.B.Somepaths.C.Somesteps.

20.Wherewillthesecondpartoftheworkstart?

A.Fromtheviewingarea.B.Fromtheessentialstone.C.Fromtheinnergatehouse.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

SouthAmericahasalongandinterestingcoastline.Whenitcomestobeaches,therearesomeexcellentoptions

tobefoundacrossthecontinent.

SanchoBeach

Thisbeachisanamazingstretchofsandwithpeacefulwaters.Theclearwatersareperfectforswimmingbutit

isdifficulttoaccess.Itcanonlybereachedbyboatorbyclimbingdowntherockyhillsidesoneachend,soitisn't

particularlygoodforyoungerchildrenorpeoplewhoarephysicallychallenged.

VichayitoBeach

JustashortdistancefromthewaterfronttownofMancora,thislovelybeachisoftenquietandpeaceful,offering

someniceshallowwatertoswiminforlittleones.Alittlefurtherout,thewavespickup,makingforfinesurfingand

windsurfingsurroundings,whilethecharmingvillageoffersniceaccommodation.

CopacabanaBeach

Thecoldwaterheremeansitisn'tanidealswimminglocation,buttherearegoodspotsforsurfingand

windsurfing.Variouswateractivitiesmakeitagreatbeach.Visitearly,especiallyinthebusytouristseasons,notonly

toavoidcrowds,butalsotogainadmittance——visitorswillbeturnedawayoncetheparkreachespeakcapacity.

JericoacoaraBeach

Locatednearthecitycenter,thisbeachisverypopularamongsurfersthankstoitsgreatwaves.Itisn'ttoorough

toswimforexperiencedswimmers,althoughaslightlyrockyseafloormeansyoushouldbecareful.Withlarge

crowdsofpeople,thebesttimetovisitissunset-arriveearlytogetagoodviewingspot.

1.WhatmaymakeSanchoBeachdifficulttoreach?

A.Thegreatwaves.B.Itsuniquelocation.

C.Lackofboatservices.D.Largecrowdsoftourists.

2.Whichbeachisthemostidealplaceforyoungchildrentoswim?

A.SanchoBeach.B.VichayitoBeach.

C.CopacabanaBeach.D.JericoacoaraBeach.

3.WhatdoCopacabanaBeachandJericoacoaraBeachhaveincommon?

A.Theybothappealtothoselovingwatersports.

B.Touristsmayberejectedduetotheirlimitedcapacity.

C.Touristsshouldarriveearlytogetagoodviewingspot.

D.Theyprovideperfectswimmingoptionsforprofessionals.

【答案】l.B2.B3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了美洲大陸的一些海灘。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)SanchoBeach部分中“butitisdifficulttoaccess.Itcanonlybereachedbyboatorby

climbingdowntherockyhillsidesoneachend（但它很難進(jìn)入。它只能乘船或從兩端的巖石山坡上爬下來才能

到達(dá)）”可知，只能乘船或從兩端的巖石山坡上爬下來才能進(jìn)入Sancho海灘，由此推測是因其位置獨特而

難以進(jìn)入，故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VichayitoBeach部分中“JustashortdistancefromthewaterfronttownofMancora,this

lovelybeachisoftenquietandpeaceful,offeringsomeniceshallowwatertoswiminforlittleones.（星巨離海濱4、鎮(zhèn)

曼科拉不遠(yuǎn)，這個可愛的海灘通常是安靜祥和的，為孩子們提供了一些漂亮的淺水區(qū)）”可知，Vichayito

海灘最適合年幼的孩子游泳，故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)CopacabanaBeach部分中“buttherearegoodspotsforsurfingandwindsurfing.Various

wateractivitiesmakeitagreatbeach（但有沖浪和帆板運動的好地方。各種水上活動使它成為一個很棒的海

灘）”和JericoacoaraBeach部分中“Locatednearthecitycenter,thisbeachisverypopularamongsurfersthanks

toitsgreatwaves.（這個海灘位于市中心附近，因其巨大的海浪而受到?jīng)_浪者的歡迎）”可知，兩者的共同點

是都有水上運動；由此推知，它們對喜歡水上運動的人很有吸引力，故選A。

B

NormanLear,ageniusproducerandscreenwriter,passedawayonTuesdayinLosAngelesattheageof101.

“Lear'shitcomedyshowschangedtelevisionforever,saidDarnelHunt,aleadingartistonTV

LeargrewupinanordinaryfamilyinConnecticut,whereanunexpectedaccidentbroughtabouthisfather^

businesscollapse.Sohehadtodropoutofcollegeandjoinedthearmy.Inhislate20s,hemovedtoLosAngeles

wherehestruggledhardforseveralyears,sellingfurnituredoortodoor.Lateron,unsatisfiedwithhislife,he

eventuallyturnedtowritingforanightclubcomedyact.

By1971,whenhewasalmost50,Learhadproducedanddirectedsomeshows,amongwhichwasthehitshow

AllintheFamily.Inthebeginning,itdidn'tgetontheairsmoothly.However,onceitdid,thisshowmadeittothe

top10foreightofitsnineseasons,promisingLear'slifewastochange.

ThissuccessfulshowwasjustthebeginningofLear'sdominatingpositionincomedyshows.ThencameThe

Jejfersons,aboutafamilyonitswayup.Itranforelevenseasons,oneofthelongestrunningcomedyshowson

television,becominganothersuccessfulstory.Wheninterviewedaboutthehitofhisshows,Learsaid,“Ourteam

readtwoorthreenewspapersaday,paidalotofattentiontoourfamilies,andcameintotalkabouteverythingthat

wasaffectingusinourdailylives.^^Therefore,itcameasnosurprisethatviewershadasenseofLear'sownfamily

afterwatchingAllintheFamily.

""Routinely,Lear'sshowsmightgetfiftyorsixtymillionviewers.Hewasindirectcontactwiththelivingrooms

andfamiliesofthecountry,9,saysMartyKaplan,foundingdirectoroftheNormanLearCenter."'Leardideverything

withhumorandsympathy.9,

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLearfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Heledachallenginglifeinhistwenties.

B.Hisshowshadlittleimpactontelevision.

C.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobeascreenwriter.

D.Hereceivedgoodeducationdespitehisfather'sbusinessfailure.

5.WhichfactormaycontributetothesuccessofLear'sshows?

A.Hisshowsreflectedrealdailylife.B.Hisshowsfeaturedsurpriseendings.

C.Hisshowsgoontheairimmediately.D.Hisshowsdominatedthecomedyindustry.

6.WhatcanweinferfromMartyKaplan'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Learpromotedhisshowstofamiliesdirectly.

B.Learwonwidespreadpopularityforhisshows.

C.Learcarriedoutface-to-faceinteractionswithviewers.

D.Learalwaysfocusesonthethemesofhumorandsympathy.

7.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Acomedyscript.B.Astorycollection.

C.Aliteraturereview.D.Anewsreport.

【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了天才制片人和編劇NormanLear去世的消息，并回顧了他的

生平，介紹了他創(chuàng)作的喜劇所取得的巨大成功。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“LeargrewupinanordinaryfamilyinConnecticut,whereanunexpectedaccident

broughtabouthisfather'sbusinesscollapse.Sohehadtodropoutofcollegeandjoinedthearmy.Inhislate20s,he

movedtoLosAngeleswherehestruggledhardforseveralyears,sellingfurnituredoortodoor.（Lear在康涅狄格州

的一個普通家庭長大，一場意外事故導(dǎo)致他父親的生意破產(chǎn)。所以他不得不從大學(xué)退學(xué)去參軍。在他快三十

歲的時候，他搬到了洛杉磯，在那里他努力奮斗了幾年，挨家挨戶地賣家具）”可知，Lear成長于普通家庭，

因父親生意破產(chǎn)而從大學(xué)退學(xué)去參軍，快三十歲時得靠著賣家具努力掙錢。由此可知，他二十多歲時過著充

滿挑戰(zhàn)的生活。故選A項。

[5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Wheninterviewedaboutthehitofhisshows,Learsaid,41Ourteamreadtwoorthree

newspapersaday,paidalotofattentiontoourfamilies,andcameintotalkabouteverythingthatwasaffectingusin

ourdailylives."（在被采訪到他的節(jié)目大受歡迎時，Lear說：“我們的團(tuán)隊每天讀兩三份報紙，非常關(guān)注我

們的家庭，并討論影響我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊磺惺虑椤?）”可知，Lear的節(jié)目創(chuàng)作團(tuán)隊關(guān)注報紙上的新聞、自

己的家庭、日常生活中的一切。由此可知，他的節(jié)目反映了真實的日常生活，這一點有助于節(jié)目的成功。故

選A項。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段MartyKaplan所說的話"Routinely,Lear'sshowsmightgetfiftyorsixtymillion

viewers.Hewasindirectcontactwiththelivingroomsandfamiliesofthecountry（Lear的節(jié)目通常會吸弓I五六

千萬觀眾。他與這個國家的客廳和家庭直接接觸）”可知，Lear創(chuàng)作的節(jié)目觀眾非常多，他與觀眾建立了緊

密的聯(lián)系。由此推知，Lear因節(jié)目而廣受歡迎。故選B項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“NormanLear,ageniusproducerandscreenwriter,passedawayon

TuesdayinLosAngelesattheageof101.（天才制片人和編劇NormanLear周二在洛杉磯去世，享年101歲）”

可知，文章主要報道了天才制片人和編劇NormanLear去世的消息，并以此簡要回顧了他的生平經(jīng)歷，介紹

了他創(chuàng)作的喜劇所取得的巨大成功。因此，文章應(yīng)該出自新聞報道。故選D項。

C

Thehumanbodypossessesanefficientdefensesystemtobattlewithfluviruses.Theimmunesystemprotects

againsttheattackofharmfulmicrobes（微生物）byproducingchemicalscalledantibodies,whichareprogrammed

todestroyaspecifictypeofmicrobe.Theytravelinthebloodandsearchthebodyforinvaders（入侵者）.Whenthey

findaninvasivemicrobe,antibodiesattackanddestroyanycellthatcontainsthevirus.However,fluvirusescanbe

aterribleenemy.Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainsttheviruses,withtheirabilitytoevolverapidly,your

bodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunityfromthenewones.

Yourbodyproduceswhitebloodcellstoprotectyouagainstinfectiousdiseases.Yourbodycandetectinvading

microbesinyourbloodstreambecausetheycarryantigensintheirproteins.Whitebloodcellsinyourimmunesystem,

suchasTcells,cansenseantigensinthevirusesinyourcells.Onceyourbodyfindsanantigen,ittakesimmediate

actioninmanydifferentways.Forexample,Tcellsproducemoreantibodies,callincellsthateatmicrobes,and

destroycellsthatareinfectedwithavirus.

Oneofthebestthingsabouttheimmunesystemisthatitwillalwaysrememberamicrobeithasfoughtbefore

andknowjusthowtofightitagaininthefuture.Yourbodycanlearntofightsowellthatyourimmunesystemcan

completelydestroyavirusbeforeyoufeelsickatall.

However,eventhemostcautiouspeoplecanbecomeinfected.Fortunately,medicalscientistshavedeveloped

vaccines（疫苗）,whichareweakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenteraperson'sbodybeforethepersongetssick.These

virusescausethebodytoproduceantibodiestoattackanddestroythestrongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringflu

season.

8.Whydoesfluposeathreattotheimmunesystem?

A.Microbescontainlargequantitiesofviruses.

B.Antibodiesaretooweaktoattackfluviruses.

C.Thebodyhasfeweffectivewaystotackleflu.

D.Ifshardtokeeppacewiththeevolutionofviruses.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"antigens“refertoinParagraph2?

A.Thecellprotectingyourbodyfromviruses.

B.Thematterservingastheindicatorofviruses.

C.Theantibodieshelpingtofightagainstviruses.

D.Thesubstancedestroyingcellsinfectedwithviruses.

10.Howdovaccinesdefendthebodyagainstthefluviruses?

A.Theystrengthenthebody'simmunesystem.

B.Theybattleagainstweakenedordeadviruses.

C.Theyhelpproduceantibodiestowipeoutviruses.

D.Theyexposethebodytovirusesduringfluseason.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AntibodiesSaveOurHealth.B.VaccinesAreOfGreatNecessity.

C.InfectiousFluVirusesAreAround.D.HumanBodyFightsAgainstFluViruses.

【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人體如何對抗流感病毒。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainsttheviruses,withtheirabilityto

evolverapidly,yourbodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunityfromthenewones.（即使你的身體成功地對抗了病

毒，由于病毒的快速進(jìn)化能力，你的身體可能對新病毒沒有保護(hù)或免疫力）”可知，流感對免疫系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成威

脅是因為病毒能快速進(jìn)化，很難跟上病毒進(jìn)化的步伐。故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Yourbodycandetectinvadingmicrobesinyourbloodstreambecausetheycarry

antigensintheirproteins.（你的身體可以檢測到血液中的入侵微生物，因為它們的蛋白質(zhì)中攜帶著

antigens）"可知，身體可以檢測到血液中的入侵微生物，是因為微生物的蛋白質(zhì)中攜帶者antigens。由此推

知，antigens是作為病毒指示物的物質(zhì)，故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中uFortunately,medicalscientistshavedevelopedvaccines（疫苗）,whichare

weakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenteraperson'sbodybeforethepersongetssick.Thesevirusescausethebodyto

produceantibodiestoattackanddestroythestrongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringfluseason.（幸運的是，醫(yī)學(xué)科

學(xué)家已經(jīng)開發(fā)出疫苗，這種疫苗是弱化或死亡的流感病毒，在人生病之前進(jìn)入人體。這些病毒使身體產(chǎn)生

抗體，攻擊和摧毀可能在流感季節(jié)入侵的強病毒）”可知，疫苗是弱化或死亡的流感病毒，幫助身體產(chǎn)生抗

體來消滅病毒，故選C。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Thehumanbodypossessesanefficientdefensesystemtobattle

withfluviruses.（人體擁有對抗流感病毒的有效防御系統(tǒng)）”可知，文章主要介紹了人體如何對抗流感病毒。

由此可知，D項“人體對抗流感病毒”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選D。

D

Asatelliteisanobjectinspacethatorbitsaroundanother.Ithastwokinds——naturalsatellitesandartificial

satellites.Themoonisanaturalsatellitethatmovesaroundtheearthwhileartificialsatellitesarethosemadebyman.

Despitetheirwidespreadimpactondailylife,artificialsatellitesmainlydependondifferentcomplicated

makeups.Ontheoutside,theymaylooklikeawheel,equippedwithsolarpanelsorsails.Inside,thesatellitescontain

mission-specificscientificinstruments,whichincludewhatevertoolsthesatellitesneedtoperformtheirwork.

Amongthem,high-resolutioncamerasandcommunicationelectronicsaretypicalones.Besides,thepartthatcarries

theloadandholdsallthepartstogetheriscalledthebus.

Artificialsatellitesoperateinasystematicwayjustlikehumans.Computersfunctionasthesatellite'sbrain,

whichreceiveinformation,interpretit,andsendmessagesbacktotheearth.Advanceddigitalcamerasserveasthe

satellite'seyes.Sensorsareotherimportantpartsthatnotonlyrecognizelight,heat,andgases,butalsorecordchanges

inwhatisbeingobserved.Radiosonthesatellitesendinformationbacktotheearth.Solarpanelsprovideelectrical

powerforthecomputersandotherequipment,aswellasthepowertomovethesatelliteforward.

Artificialsatellitesusegravitytostayintheirorbits.Earth5sgravitypullseverythingtowardthecenterofthe

planet.Tostayintheearth'sorbit,thespeedofasatellitemustadjusttothetiniestchangesinthepullofgravity.The

satellite'sspeedworksagainstearth'sgravityjustenoughsothatitdoesn'tgospeedingintospaceorfallingbackto

theearth.

Rocketscarrysatellitestodifferenttypesandheightsoforbits,basedonthetaskstheyneedtoperform.Satellites

closertotheearthareinlow-earthorbit,whichcanbe200-500mileshigh.Theclosertotheearth,thestrongerthe

gravityis.Therefore,thesesatellitesmusttravelatabout17,000milesperhourtokeepfromfallingbacktotheearth,

whilehigher-orbitingsatellitescantravelmoreslowly.

12.WhatisParagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theappearanceofartificialsatellites.B.Thecomponentsofartificialsatellites.

C.Thebasicfunctionofartificialsatellites.D.Thespecificmissionofartificialsatellites.

13.Whatistheroleofcomputersinartificialsatellites?

A.Providingelectricalpower.B.Recordingchangesobserved.

C.Monitoringspaceenvironment.D.Processinginformationreceived.

14.Howdoartificialsatellitesstayintheirorbits?

A.Byrelyingonpowerfulrocketstogetoutofgravity.

BByorbitingatafixedspeedregardlessofgravity'spull.

C.Bychangingspeedconstantlybasedonthepullofgravity.

D.Byresistingthepullofgravitywithadvancedtechnologies.

15.Whydosatellitesinhigher-earthorbittravelmoreslowly?

A.Theyaremoreaffectedbyearth'sgravity.

B.Theytakeadvantageofrocketsmoreeffectively.

C.Theyhaveweakerpullofgravityinhigherorbits.

D.Theyareequippedwithmoreadvancedinstruments.

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人造衛(wèi)星的組成、運行方式和速度等基本情況。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ontheoutside,theymaylooklikeawheel,equippedwithsolarpanelsorsails.

Inside,thesatellitescontainmission-specificscientificinstruments,whichincludewhatevertoolsthesatellitesneed

toperformtheirwork.（在外面，它們可能看起來像一個輪子，配備了太陽能電池板或帆。衛(wèi)星內(nèi)部裝有特定

任務(wù)的科學(xué)儀器，其中包括衛(wèi)星執(zhí)行工作所需的任何工具）”可知，文章第二段主要講的是人造衛(wèi)星的組成

部分。故選B項。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段uComputersfunctionasthesatellite'sbrain,whichreceiveinformation,interpret

it,andsendmessagesbacktotheearth.（計算機(jī)就像衛(wèi)星的大腦一樣，接收信息，解釋信息，并將信息發(fā)回地

球）”可知，計算機(jī)在人造衛(wèi)星中的作用是處理接收到的信息。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Artificialsatellitesusegravitytostayintheirorbits.Earth'sgravitypulls

everythingtowardthecenteroftheplanet.Tostayintheearth'sorbit,thespeedofasatellitemustadjusttothe

tiniestchangesinthepullofgravity」人造衛(wèi)星利用重力保持在軌道上。地球的引力把所有東西都拉向地球的

中心。為了保持在地球軌道上運行，衛(wèi)星的速度必須根據(jù)引力最微小的變化進(jìn)行調(diào)整）”可知，人造衛(wèi)星是

通過在重力的作用下不斷改變速度保持在軌道上的。故選C項。

【15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theclosertotheearth,thestrongerthegravityis.Therefore,thesesatellites

musttravelatabout17,000milesperhourtokeepfromfallingbacktotheearth,whilehigher-orbitingsatellites

cantravelmoreslowly.（離地球越近，引力就越強。因此，這些衛(wèi)星必須以每小時17000英里的速度運行，

以防止落回地球，而軌道較高的衛(wèi)星運行速度更慢）”可知，高地球軌道上的衛(wèi)星運行速度較慢是因為它們

在高軌道上的引力較弱。故選C項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Desireforsuccessisabasichumannature.Buthurdlesareboundtocomeuponthewaytosuccess,discouraging

youfromyourgoal.16Herearesomewaysthatmayhelpyoutobediligentandwriteyourownsuccess

story.

Firstofall,havingaclearvisionisessentialtobediligentinlife.Ifyouarenotclearaboutwhatyouwantto

achieveinlife,youwilllosedirection,motivationandenthusiasminlife.17Soifyouwanttogaindiligence,

youshouldmakeanefforttodefineyourvision.

18Properplanningenablesustoturnmostofthegoalsintorealitywithoutregretsinlaterpartoflife.

Havingaplaninadvance,though,doesnotmeanthatyouhavetoplanfromstarttofinish.Itmeansyoushouldknow

inwhichdirectionyouareheading.

Moreover,excusesarenotgoingtokeepyouawayfromregretsinyourlaterlife.Ifyoudelaydiligencebecause

ofyourfamilyresponsibility,itsimplymeansyourgoalsarenotinyourprioritylist,whichiswhyexcusesarecoming.

19.

Finally,diligenceisnotthebirthrightofsomeprivilegedpeoplebutanoption.20.Otherwise,you

mightunconsciouslydevelopthehabitofnotbeingseriousaboutbiggertasksaswell.Sonowistherighttimeto

startstrivingtobediligentineverythingyoudoandensureyoursuccess.

A.Youhavetobebravewhenencounteringhurdles.

B.Ontheotherhand,ifyouare,youwillstaydiligent.

C.Youneedtopracticediligenceevenforthesmallesttask.

D.Infact,onlythosewhoarediligentcanovercomethem.

E.Diligenceistheapplicationofpersistenteffortonatask.

F.Itisofthesameimportancetohaveaspecificplanbeforehand.

G.Sofollowyourdreamswithnoexcusetoliveahappyandsuccessfullife.

【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.G20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要闡述了每個人都渴望成功，但成功的路上必然會遇到障礙，只有勤奮的

人才能克服障礙。作者給出了一些方法可以幫助人們變得勤奮，最后實現(xiàn)成功。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Buthurdlesareboundtocomeuponthewaytosuccess,discouragingyoufromyourgoal."（但是，

在通往成功的道路上必然會遇到障礙，阻礙你實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。）以及下文“Herearesomewaysthatmayhelpyou

tobediligentandwriteyourownsuccessstory.n（這里有一些方法可以幫助你變得勤奮，讓你書寫自己的成

功故事。）可知，這里缺少一個承上啟下的句子。D項中的them指代前文中的hurdles,然后句中又指出只

有diligent可以克服這些障礙，剛好起著承上啟下的作用。D.Infact,onlythosewhoarediligentcanovercome

them.（事實上，只有那些勤奮的人才能克服它們。）符合語境。故選D項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Firstofall,havingaclearvisionisessentialtobediligentinlife.Ifyouarenotclearaboutwhatyou

wanttoachieveinlife,youwilllosedirection,motivationandenthusiasminlife."（首先，在生活中，有一個清

晰愿景是勤奮必不可少的因素。如果你不清楚自己想要在生活中實現(xiàn)什么，你就會失去生活的方向、動力

和熱情。）可知，首先要有個明確的目標(biāo)，才有勤奮努力的方向。B項中的Ontheotherhand與上文形成對

比，ifyouare省略了clearaboutwhatyouwanttoachieveinlifeo所以B.Ontheotherhand,ifyouare,youwill

staydiligent.（相反，如果清楚自己想要在生活中實現(xiàn)什，你會保持勤奮。）符合語境。故選B項。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Properplanningenablesustoturnmostofthegoalsintorealitywithoutregretsinlaterpartoflife.

Havingaplaninadvance,though,doesnotmeanthatyouhavetoplanfromstarttofinish.Itmeansyoushouldknow

inwhichdirectionyouareheading."（適當(dāng)?shù)挠媱澞茏屛覀儼汛蟛糠值哪繕?biāo)變成現(xiàn)實，在以后的生活中沒有

遺憾。提前制定計劃并不意味著你必須從頭到尾都計劃好。這意味著你應(yīng)該知道你要朝哪個方向前進(jìn)。）可

知，空格處為總寫句，指出提前做個計劃非常重要。F項Itisofthesameimportancetohaveaspecificplan

beforehand.（事先有一個具體的計劃也是同樣重要的。）符合語境。故選F項。

【19題詳解】

本艮據(jù)上文“Moreover,excusesarenotgoingtokeepyouawayfromregretsinyourlaterlife.Ifyoudelaydiligence

becauseofyourfamilyresponsibility,itsimplymeansyourgoalsarenotinyourprioritylist,whichiswhyexcuses

arecoming."（此外，借口并不能讓你在以后的生活中遠(yuǎn)離遺憾。如果你因為家庭責(zé)任而推遲了勤奮，這僅

僅意味著你的目標(biāo)不在你的優(yōu)先列表中，這也由此產(chǎn)生了借口。）可知，借口是成功路上的絆腳石，所以空

格處為這一段的總結(jié)，告訴人們在追求成功的路上不要找借口。G.Sofollowyourdreamswithnoexcuseto

liveahappyandsuccessfullife.（所以，追隨你的夢想吧，不要找借口，去過幸福成功的生活。）符合語境。

故選G項。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Otherwise,youmightunconsciouslydevelopthehabitofnotbeingseriousaboutbiggertasksaswell.”

（否則，你可能會無意識地養(yǎng)成不認(rèn)真對待大任務(wù)的習(xí)慣。）句中Otherwise表示否則，C項中的small和下

文的bigger形成鮮明的對比。C.Youneedtopracticediligenceevenforthesmallesttask.（你需要練習(xí)勤奮，即

使是最小的任務(wù)。）符合語境。故選C項。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

MymomenjoyedinvitingpeopleforThanksgiving.Aftermyfamilymovedfarawayfromallour

21、Momstartedfillingthehousewith22guests一whoeverhadnowhereelsetogofor

Thanksgiving.

ImissedourbigfamilygatheringsbeforemovingherebutMomhada(n)23heart.Thisyear,when

Momshowedmeherguestlist,almosthalfthesizeofoursmalltown's24.1wasannoyed.

Ourfirstguestsarrived:threeforeignexchangestudents.Mom'soriginalplanwasto25one.But

shewastoldthoseunabletogohomesometimes26intears,soherecamethree.Thenextguests

27throughthedoor,asinglemomandhersixkids.Withmoreguests,thevolumeandthetemperaturein

thehouseinstantly28.Luckily,dinnerwasreadybeforethehouseorI29.However,seeingmy

namecardplacedamongthesixkids,Imurmuredangrily,ctHowwouldIgetsuchan30seat?”

Afterdinner,Momsuggestedsharingsomethingwewerethankfulfor一anotherannual31atour

house."I'mso32toyourfamilyforopeninguphometous."Thesinglemomspokewithwateryeyes.

Thenonestudentexpressedhowmuchit33tobewithafamilyonThanksgiving.

Suddenlysomething34me:theessenceofgenerosityandinclusion.Thanksgivingisaboutmore

thanfamily——ifsaboutashared35fullofkindness.

21.A.colleaguesB.relativesC.neighboursD.strangers

22.A.closeB.randomC.specificD.favorite

23.A.generousB.energeticC.curiousD.powerful

24.A.applicantsB.beggarsC.populationD.volunteers

25.A.shelterB.awardC.repayD.host

26.A.setout