2022-2023學(xué)年北京豐臺(tái)高三第一次調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語(yǔ)模擬試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。

2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。

3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。

4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.MsAliceisconsideredaladybyus,forsheoftenhelpsthepoorshemetwith.

A.selfishB.hopeful

C.meanD.generous

2.Notevenwhenthroughthedarkestvalleybeafraid,foryouarealwaysclosebesideme.

A.doIwalk;willIB.doIwalk;IwillC.Iwalk;IwillD.Iwalk;willI

3.ThismorningIpickedupwalletinsurpriseonmywaytoschool.

A.A;aB.the;aC.a;\D.\;the

4.Wearesotired.wecouldtakethedayofftomorrow!

A.Onlyif

B.Whatif

C.Ifonly

D.Ifso

5.Nicholaswasverykind,mercifulandgenerous.ThisisFatherChristmasisbasedon.

A.whereB.howC.whatD.why

6.Newpolicies,toinsurethatcompulsoryeducationistrulyfree,bythelocalgovernmentacross

ChinasincethestartofschoolonSeptember1.

A.intending;havebeenmadeknownB.intended;havebeenmadeknown

C.intending;aremadeknownD.intended;hadmadeknown

7.WhatIlovemostaboutreadingnovelsistheauthorsvividlydescribethecharacters.

A.whatB.why

C.howD.whom

8.Abrahamsethimselfupinfrontofhisdaughter,handsherhair,andwasclosetotears,reluctanttotear

himselffromher.

A.totoywithB.toyedwithC.toyingwithD.beingtoyedwith

9.Theconferenceaimstodevelopbusinessandletpeoplethinkabouttheycanhaveapositiveinfluenceonthe

planet.

A.whyB.that

C.whatD.how

10.worriesthepublicthatairpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousthesedays.

A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.This

11.whathadhappened,theyknewIwouldstruggleandsimplywantedtohelpbecauseitwastherightthingto

do.

A.HearingB.TohaveheardC.HavingheardD.Heard

12.Atschool,itisessentialthateverychildequallyregardlessoffamilybackground.

A.treatingB.treatedC.betreatedD.istreated

13.Afterthefire,wouldotherwisebeaculturalcenterisnowreducedtoapileofashes.

A.thatB.it

C.whatD.which

14.Thedesksinourclassroomaresoclosetogetherthatthereisnotenoughroomtomovethem.

A.betweenB.inC.acrossD.over

15.ItwasnotuntilshegothomeJenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.

A.whenB.that

C.whereD.before

16.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthenewrule?

A.what;wasdevelopedB.that;wasdeveloped

C.what;bedevelopedD.that;bedeveloped

17.一Bettergetdowntoyourwork,Tom.

A.IfsmypleasureB.Don'tmentionit

C.MindyourownbusinessD.You9rewelcome

18.—Youseemtobefondofclassicalmusic.

—,Asamatteroffact,Ilikejazzmusicbetter.

A.Idon'tagreeB.Notreally

C.Icouldn'tagreemoreD.Nodoubt

19.Onlyafterhewasbroughttothepolicestationdidtheboyhehadstolensomepursesfromother

passengers.

A.participateB.acknowledge

C.realizeD.summarize

20.——Lefsgoandhavedinnerthisevening.

—,Haveyoucomeoutfirstintheexam?

A.Thanksalot.B.Whynot?

C.Whatfor?D.Yes,Vdliketo.

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）HaveyoueverbeentoFrancebefore?Itisnotonlyacountryofgreatfood,fashionandart.Ifsalso

hometothemostinfluentialpaintersintheworld.

EdouardManet

Hewasoneofthefirstartiststopaintmodernlife.Hebegantopaintinhisownstyle,butstillusedsomeof

Couture'stechniqueslikethicklinesanddarkcolors.HewasgreatlyinfluencedbyClaudeMonetandBertheMorisot,

whichcanbeseeninhisuseoflightshades.MostofhispaintingshadscenesofdailylifeonthestreetsofParis.His

worksincludeOlympiaandTheAbsintheDrinker.

CamillePissarro

Inhisearlyyears,Pissarropaintedscenesofariverorapathfrommemory.AftermeetingClaudeMonetandPaul

Cezanne,whopaintedinamorerealisticstyle,hechangedhiscoursetoImpressionism.Duringhiscareer,he

experimentedwithvariousstyles,andfinallyformedhisownone.HisworksincludeOldMarketatRouenandSunsetat

St.Charles.

VincentvanGogh

Hehadahugeinfluenceonartinthe20thcentury.Hisearlyworksweremostpaintedinsombertones.However,

influencedbyMonet,Pissarro,andBernard,headoptedbrightercolorsinhisworks,andstartedcreatinghisown

techniques.Althoughhehadproducedmorethan2,000worksofart,theartistsoldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime

一RedVineyardatArles.HisworksincludeThePotatoEaters,StarryNightandBedroominArles.

ClaudeMonet

HewasthefounderoftheImpressionistmovementandcompletelychangedtheFrenchpaintinginthe19thcentury.

Althoughhefirststartedbysellingcharcoalcaricatures（木炭諷刺畫(huà)）inParis,hesoonstartedpaintingwithoilafter

meetingEugeneBoudin,whotaughthimtouseoilpaintsandalsoencouragedhimtopaintoutdoors.Andthenhe

paintedwithhisownstyle.HisworksincludeImpression^SunriseandTheWaterLiles.

1、WhatcanwelearnaboutEdouardManefspaintings?

A.Theyreflectedthechangesoflife.

B.Theyweremainlyaboutdailylife.

C.Theywereallpaintedinbrightcolors.

D.TheywerepaintedinMorisofsstyle.

2、WhichpaintingwassoldbyVincentvanGoghinperson?

A.ThePotatoEaters.

B.BedroominArles.

C.RedVineyardatArles.

D.StarryNight.

3、Whafsthecommonpointofthefourpaintersfromthetext?

A.Allofthemweregivenmanyawardsintheirlife.

B.Allofthemweretaughtbysomefamouspainters.

C.Allofthemhadagoodtasteindeliciousfood.

D.Allofthemhadtheiruniquestylesinpainting.

22.（8分）Acompanyhasdesignedawaterbottle,theMemobottle,whichisidealfortheofficeworker'sbag,

becauseifscompletelyflat.Withthesameshapeasapieceofpaper,theMemobottleisareusablewaterbottlethat

slidesintoyourbagtolienexttobooksandlaptops.Thebottle,whichcanalsobewashedinadishwasher,isdesignedto

helpreducethenumberofplasticbottlesinlandfills（填埋）.

TwocreativepeopleJesseLeeworthyandJonathanByrt,both28,designedthebottletobeconvenienttocarryand

environmentallyfriendly.Itismadefromadurableanddishwasher-friendly66greenwplastic.

LeeworthyandByrt,fromAustralia,saymorethan600billionsingle-usebottlesweresoldgloballylastyear.In

Americaalone,studiesshowthataround1,500single-usewaterbottleareconsumedeverysecond—only20percent

ofthesearerecycled.Andthecostofbuyingmoreandmoreplasticbottlesaddsto-thepairsaythatbottledwater

costsapproximately1,400timesmorethantapwater.

“We'vealwaysbeenpassionateabouttheenvironment/9saidLeeworthy."Foryearswehavebeenfocusedon

creativedesignthatprovidesenvironmentalremedywhileimprovingsocialconvenience.TheMemobottlewasdesigned

toovercometwoproblemsthatweseeinoursociety:ourattachmenttotheoutdoors,andourinabilitytofitwater

bottlesinlaptopbags.”

Thebottlewillbeavailableinthreedifferentsizes—A5whichholds750ml,A4whichholds1.25litresandletter

sizewhichstores1.25litres.TheproductisseekingfundingonKickstarterandhasalreadysoared（飆升）pastits

primarygoalofraising￡8,310（$13,500）,reachingitinjust36hours.JonathanByrtsaid,"Thefeedbackwe'vereceived

hasbeenoverwhelminglypositive!Theemailsofsupportandinterest,andsocialmediacommentshavebeenamazing!”

TheproductisexpectedtobeonthemarketbyChristmasandwillbeavailableforglobaldelivery.

1、Whatisthemaincharacterofthenewly-designedwaterbottle?

A.Cleanandeasytowash.

B.Practicalandfriendlytoenvironment.

C.Flatandpopularwithhousewives.

D.Cheapandconvenienttocarryinbags.

2、Whatarethetwodesignersmostconcernedabout?

A.Materialsandshape.B.Priceandproduction.

C.Commentsandpopularity.D.Environmentandconvenience.

3、Whatispeople'sattitudetowardsthewaterbottle?

A.Opposed.B.Indifferent.

C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.

4、Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Thewaytoprotectwaterresource.

B.Roundwaterbottlesareoutofdate.

C.Seekingfundforanidealwaterbottle.

D.TwocreativeAustralianyoungdesigners.

23.（8分）WhenImovedtoSenegalin27toworkforacharityorganization,thefirstthingIdidwastohitthe

streets.Dakar,thecapital,leansoutintowarmAtlanticwind.Ithasarelaxingatmospherethatmakesitafavorite

destination.

Notfarfromthecitycenter,italsohasoneofAfrica'sbiggestslums（貧民區(qū)）anditsshareofbeggars.Streetkids

wouldtailme,begging.DuringaprevioustriptoSenegal,Iwasoncecheatedbyaman.I*dwonderedforyearswhether

togivemoneytobeggarsinWestAfrica.

Nearmyapartment,IpassedagroupofyoungmeninwheelchairswhomItooktobebeggars.Headdown,I

walkedbythemquickly.Asthemonthswentby,I'doftencomeacrossthem.I'doftenseethematanoutdoorbasketball

courtnearmyoffice.They'dsitonthegroundwiththeirchairsupsidedown,tighteningandadjustingwheels,waiting

untiltheotherguysleftsotheycouldplay.

I*dstayandwatchthemwarmup.Theyplayedwithspeed,rollingdownthecourtasfastasIcouldrun.Afew

weekslaterIintroducedmyselftothemwiththehelpofMafall,whowasoneoftheguysandcouldspeakalittleFrench.

Istartedspendingmoretimewiththemandeventuallybecamesomethinglikeanassistantcoach.

Theplayersquicklygrewonme.Istartedreferringtothemas“myguys”tomycolleagues.ItwasthemostfunI'd

hadsinceIgottoDakar.Lifeonthestreethadmademyplayersstrongandtheydidn'tbackdowneasily.Iwasproudof

them.

Towardtheendoftheseason,Mafallinvitedmetowherehelived-foundmanyoftheplayersthere,withtheir

wivesandchildren.Ilearnedthatmostofthemwerebornwithdisabilities.AsMafallandIchatted,Iknewsomething

hadchanged.Theywerenolongerbeggars.Theywerebasketballplayers,myguys,andmyfriends.

INItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatthedisabledyoungmen.

A.usedtobeginthestreetsB.oftenhelpedthelocalcharity.

C.werenotfriendlytowardforeignersD.playedbasketballaswellasnormalguys.

2、Whydidthewriterwalkbytheyoungmenwithheaddown?

A.Tobeafraidofbeingrecognizedbythem.

B.Topreventhimselffrombeingstolen.

C.Tobeafraidofbeingcheatedbythem.

D.TobecarefulenoughtoHndhiswayhome.

3、Whydidtheauthorcallthedisabledyoungmen“myguys”？

A.Theyoftenplayedtricksontheauthor.

B.Theywerelovedbytheauthor.

C.Theyusedtocheatotherswhenbegging.

D.Theyalwaysquarreledwhiletraining.

4、Whatisthewholetextmainlyabout?

A.TheauthorrefusedtobecheatedbybeggarsinDakar.

B.TheauthorhelpedthelocalsinSenegaloutofpoverty.

C.TheauthorcoachedtheyoungmeninSenegaltoplaybasketball.

D.TheauthorhelpedtochangesomedisabledyoungmeninDakar.

24.（8分）Mostofusstrugglethroughthetimeittakestogetacupofcoffeetoourlipsonceouralarmsgooff.

Luckily,thiscoffee-brewingalarmclockcouldmakethosefewstrugglingminutespracticallydisappear.

Analarmclockthatbrewsafreshpotofcoffeeassoonasyouwakeupactuallyexists,andyoucanbuyitrightnow.

ThankstotheBarisieur,yourmorningtimewillneverbethesame.

Here飛howitworks:Beforeyougotobed,filltheglasscontainerwithwaterandpourgroundcoffeeintothefilter

（過(guò)濾器）.Notablackcoffeedrinker?

Nottoworryspecialdrawerskeepyourcreamcoldandstoreyoursugar,too.

Then,justsetyouralarmandgotosleep.Thismachinewilltakecareoftherest.

Afewminutesbeforeyouralarmgoesoffnextmorning,theBarisieurwillbegintobrewyourcoffee.Andvoila!A

hotcupofcoffeeiswaitingforyouwhenyouralarmringsandyouopenyoureyes.Ybuwon'tevenhavetoleaveyour

bed.

LondondesignerJoshuaRenoufdesignedthisinventionhimself,raisingover$500,000throughdonationson

IndieGoGo.Coffeeloversshouldactfastandputinapre-orderonthewebsitenow,payingjust$300.Otherwise,you

havetowaituntilithitsstoresandpay$420.

Owningoneoftheseclockswillbetotallyworthit.Nothingsays“seizetheday”quitelikewakinguptoapotof

freshlybrewedcoffee,afterall.Also,themachineisn'tlimitedtomakingcoffeeonlyinthemorning.Youcangooutand

returnhomewithahotcupofcoffeewaitingforyou.

1、Whydoestheauthormentionthestruggle?

A.Toshowmakingcoffeeischallenging.

B.Toshowcoffeecanmakeusfeelbetter.

C.Toshowthecoffee-brewingalarmclockisgreat.

D.Toshowitisdifficulttogetupearlyinthemorning.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?

A.TheBarisieur.B.Themorningtime.

C.Ahotcupofcoffee.D.Theglasscontainer.

3、Whafsthebenefitofpre-orderingtheclockonthewebsitenow?

A.Youcangetonemuchearlier.

B.Youcangetoneatagreatdiscount.

C.Youcangetdonationsfromitsdesigner.

D.YoumayhaveachancetomeetJoshuaRenouf.

4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Totellushowtomakecoffeeeasily.

B.Toadvertiseanewproductinastore.

C.Torecommendaspecialkindofalarmclock.

D.Tocomparetraditionalalarmclocksandnewones.

25.（10分）AccordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognize

humanfacesfromphotographs.

Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,

aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.

Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety:OpenScience,showthewoolly

creaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObama

andactressEmmaWatson.

Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereableto

recognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatan

angle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent——thesamerateatwhichahuman'sabilitytoperform

thesametaskdeclines.

66Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligent,individualanimalswhoare

abletorecognizetheirhandlers/5saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy."We'veshownwithour

studythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities,comparablewiththoseofhumansandmonkeys."

Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings,andsomedisordersofthebrain,

includingHuntington'sdisease,affectthisability.

“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.That

meanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington'sdisease,that

developoveralongtimeandaffectcognitiveabilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilities

change,"Mortonsaid.

1、Accordingtothenewresearch,whafsunusualaboutsheep?

A.Theyhavelargebrains.

B.Theycanrecognizetheirowners.

C.Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.

D.Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.

2、Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?

A.Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.

B.Bygivingfoodrewards.

C.Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.

D.Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.

3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.

B.Thesheep'sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.

C.Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialtothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.

D.Thesheep'sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.

4、Whafsthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ANewdiscoveryaboutSheep.B.HowSheepRecognizeEachOther.

C.AWonderfulScientist.D.TheLifeofSheep.

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）Aftermybrotherdiedinanaccident,mymotherwasverysad.Iwasonly4yearsoldatthetime,

butIstillunderstoodthe1inmymom'sattitudetowardsafety.2,everythingarounduswaspotentially

3.

Igrewupwithalotof4andrulesthatweremeantto5me.Forexample,Iwasnot6to

walkhomefromschoolbymyself,eventhougheveryoneIknewalreadydid.Icouldn't7eveningpartiesorgo

tosummercamp,8whatifsomethinghappenedtome?

AsIgotolder,thelistofthingsto9gotlonger.Ibecameanatural10,Iwasconcernedaboutthings

likegettingcancer,losingmywallet,beingcaughtincaraccidentsandearthquakes-11bigandsmall,realand

12.Thefunnypartisthatyou'dneverknowitbylookingatmylife,becausePmconstantly13myselftodo

thethingsthatfrightenorworryme.Infact,I'vedevelopeda14formyself:Ifitscaresme,thenIhavetodoit

15once.Fvedonelotsofthingsthatwouldhave16mymom:Fveriddenamotorcycle,I'vetraveledalone,

andI'veperformedstand-upcomedy.

Courageisn'tanaturalattribute（品質(zhì)）ofhumanbeings.Ibelievethatwehavetopracticebeingcourageous.The

more17Idothingsthatscaremeorthatmakeme18,themoreIrealizethatIcandoalotmorethanI

originallythoughtIcoulddo.

EventhoughIinherited（經(jīng)遺傳獲得）mymother'scautious19、I9vealsocometobelievethatfearcanbea

goodthing,ifwe20it.Believingthathasmademyworldalessscaryplace.

1、A.hintB.changeC.sceneD.lesson

2、A.SlowlyB.LogicallyC.FortunatelyD.Suddenly

3、A.importantB.inspiringC.convenientD.dangerous

4、A.restrictionsB.considerationsC.judgmentsD.comparisons

5、A.limitB.helpC.protectD.train

6、A.allowedB.encouragedC.remindedD.advised

7、A.arrangeB.attendC.decorateD.support

8、A.butB.thoughC.orD.because

9、A.hopeB.fearC.countD.bear

10、A.worrierB.dreamerC.adultD.thinker

11、A.ideasB.affairsC.actionsD.disasters

12、A.specialB.commonC.imaginaryD.practical

13、A.expectingB.warningC.forcingD.promising

14、A.ruleB.formC.caseD.hobby

15、A.inallB.atmostC.afterallD.atleast

16、A.threatenedB.shockedC.confusedD.entertained

17、A.rarelyB.quicklyC.oftenD.fairly

18>A.confidentB.uncomfortableC.happyD.generous

19、A.natureB.dulyC.workD.task

20>A.knowB.getC.avoidD.face

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.（15分）語(yǔ)法填空

Someunusualwordsdescribehowapersonspendshisorhertime.Forexample,someonewholikestospendalot

oftimesittingor1.（lie）downwhilewatchingtelevisionissometimescalledacouchpotato.Acouchisapieceof

furnitureforpeopletositon.

Couchpotatoesenjoywatchingtelevisionjust2,mousepotatoesenjoyworkingoncomputers.Acomputermouse

isthedevicethatmovesthepointer3^acomputerscreen.The4^（describe）ofmousepotatoesbecamepopularin1993.

AmericanwriterAliceKahnissaidtohaveinventedthetermtodescribeyoungpeoplewhousecomputersalot.

Toomuchtimeinsidethehouseusingacomputerorwatchingtelevisioncancausesomeone5.（get）cabinfever.A

cabinisasimplehouseusually6,（build）farawayfromthecity.Peoplegotoacabintorelaxandenjoyquiettime.

Cabinfeverisnotreally7,disease.However,peoplecanfeel8,（bore）iftheyspendtoomuchtimeinsidetheir

homes.Thisis9.（especial）trueduringthewinter10,itistoocoldorsnowytodothingsoutside.Oftenchildrenget

cabinfeveriftheycannotgoouttoplay.Sodotheirparents.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)

誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Threeyearsbefore,whenIbeganmyseniorhighschoolstudy,IfoundextremelydifficulttolearnEnglishwell>

Therearesomanynewwordsandgrammarrulestokeepinmind、HardalthoughImighttry,Istilldidpoorinthe

Englishexams>ItwasthehardesttimeinmylifeandInearlylostmyheartanddecidedtogiveinwhenmymother

foundmyproblem>ShesaidthatwhetherIwantedtomeettheshinningsunontheothersidesofthedifficulties,I

shouldfirsthavethecouragetoovercomethemandthenenjoythejoyofsuccess>Inordertoprovemyself,Istudied

veryharderthanever、Attheendofthe