四川省成都市某中學(xué)2024屆高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)4月?？加⒄Z(yǔ)試題 含解析

成都八中2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試

英語(yǔ)試卷

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

L答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分.滿(mǎn)分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Shopping.B.Ordering.C.Cooking.

2.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?

A.Byturningonthemusic.

B.Byreducinghisworkload.

C.Bygettinghimsomethingtodrink.

3.Whattimedoesthewomanusuallystartwork?

AAt6:30a.m.B.At7:00a.mC.At7:30a.m.

4.Whattypeofartdoesthemanfindbeautiful?

A.Traditionalart.B.Realisticart.C.Modemart.

5.Whatdoesthemansuggest?

A.Fivecoursesmaybetoomany.

B.Itwouldbewisertotakemorecourses...

C.Onlyfourcourseswillbeofferedinthenewterm.

第二節(jié)（共15小題海小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22,5分），

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6：7題.

6.WhydoesPennymakethecall?

A.Toaskthemanaboutthehomework.

B.Toremindthemanaboutmathsbooks.

C.ToinformthemanabouttheEnglishtest.

X.WhattestarethespeakersgoingtotakeonFriday?

A.Science.B.English.C.Maths.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題.

8.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiscoat?

A.Ifssortoftight.

B.Ithasagreatcolor.

C.Ithasbeenwashedbyhismother.

9.Whattimeofdayisit.now”

A.Evening.BAfternoon.CMorning.

10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?

A.Ataclothingshop.B.Atschool.C.Athome.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題.

11.WhyisthewomaninNewYorkCity?

A.Tovisitherfamilies.B.Togoonabusinesstrip.C.Tocompleteherbusinesscourse.

12.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Visitinganapartment.B.Lookingfornewfurniture.

C.Buyinghouseholdappliances.

13.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheneighborhood?

A.It'snew.B.It'spopular.C.It'squiet.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題.

14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.

15.Wherearethespeakers?

A.InCentralAfrica.B.InSouthernAsia.C.InNorthernEurope

16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.TheEarth.B.TheSun.C.TheMoon.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題.

Wheredidthespeakerreadhisfirstcomic?

A.Atahotel.B.Onabus.C.Inabookshop.

18.Whattypesofcomicsdidthespeakeroftenreadasachild?

A.Cartooncomics.B.Superherocomics.C.Timetravelcomics.

19.Howdoesthespeakercurrentlyfeelaboutcomics?

A.Uninterested.B:Eager.C.Indifferent.

20.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?

A.Asoldier.B.Acomicactor.C.Ashopowner

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)

A

Yunnanoffersexcitingexperiencesofuniquecustoms.IfyouarealreadyplanningtovisitYunnan,seeour

festivaltours.

TheTorch（火把）Festival

Date:July/August(days24to26ofthesixthlunarmonth)

Location:Lijiang

ItisatraditionalfestivalamongtheYi,Naxi,andBaiminority(少數(shù)民族)groups.Accordingtotheancient

ruleoftheNaxipeople,theTorchFestivalshouldlastthreedays,andeveryfamilyshouldlightabigtorchinfront

oftheirdoorsforthethreedays.

RecommendedTour:3-DayAncientLijiangTour

TheWaterSplashing(潑酒)Festival

Date:April13to15

Location:Xishuangbanna

ItisthemostimportantfestivalobservedbytheDaipeopleofXishuangbannainsouthenYunnan.Itinvolves

splashingwater,lanternfloatingandotherjoyfulactivities.

Recommendedtour:6-DayXishaungbannaTour

TheHorseRaceFestival

Date:May/June(5thofthefifthlunarmonth)

Location:Shangri-la

FallingonthesamedateastheDragonBoatFestival,itisthebiggestgatheringofTibetansinYunnanand

usuallylastsabout3days.Duringthecelebrations,traditionalperformancesandcompetitionslikehorseracingand

wrestling(摔跤)willbeheld.

Recommendedtour:8-DayYunnanTouroftheNuRiverandTengchong

TheThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroup

Date:April/May(days15to21ofthethirdlunarmonth)

Location:Dali

ItisoneofthemostimportantfestivalscelebratedbytheBaipeopleinDaliinwesternYunnan.Duringthe

MarchFair,thestreetsofDaliAncientTownarepackedwithpeoplesellingamazingminorityitems.

Recommendedtour:6-DayYunnanMinoritiesTour

1.WhatdotheTorchFestivalandtheWaterSplashingFestivalhaveincommon?

A.Thedate.B.Thelocation.

CThelastingtimeD.Thecelebratoryevents.

2.Whichfestivalwillyouattendifyouliketobuylocalgiftswhiletravelling?

A.TheTorchFestival.B.TheWaterSplashingFestival.

C.TheHorseRaceFestival.D.TheThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroup.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abusinessresearch.B.Anewspaperreport.

C.Aneducationalmagazine.D.Anadvertisingleaflet.

【答案】l.C2.D3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了去云南旅行時(shí)人們可以參加的幾個(gè)節(jié)日。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheTorch（火把）Festival部分中的“Date:July/August（days24to26ofthesixthlunar

month）（日期：七月〃l月（農(nóng)歷六月二十四至二十六））”和TheWaterSplashing（潑酒）Festival部分中的

“Date:April13toi5（日期:4月13日至15日）”可知，火把節(jié)和潑水節(jié)的相同之處在于它們都持續(xù)三

天，即持續(xù)時(shí)間相同，故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroup部分中的“DuringtheMarchFair,thestreetsofDali

AncientTownarepackedwithpeoplesellingamazingminorityitems.（三月集市期間，大理古城的街道上擠滿(mǎn)

了出售令人驚嘆的少數(shù)民族商品的人。）”可知，如果你想在旅行時(shí)購(gòu)買(mǎi)當(dāng)?shù)氐亩Y物，你可以參加The

ThirdMonthFairoftheBaiGroup.這個(gè)節(jié)日,故選D。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段uYunnanoffersexcitingexperiencesofuniquecustoms.Ifyouare

alreadyplanningtovisitYunnan,seeourfestivaltours.（云南提供令人興奮的獨(dú)特習(xí)俗體驗(yàn)。如果您已經(jīng)計(jì)劃

去云南，請(qǐng)查看我們的節(jié)日之旅。）”可知，文章主要介紹了去云南旅行時(shí)人們可以參加的幾個(gè)節(jié)日，由

此可推知，該文章可能選自一張旅游廣告?zhèn)鲉巍９蔬xD。

B

Remembersolarroadways,wheresolarpanelswereembedded（嵌入）inroads?Theideaofthesolar

roadwayseemsattractivebecausethesolarresourceiseverywhere,andsomedaytherewillbealotofelectriccars

thatwillneedcharging.Butforme,theideahaslittletorecommendit.Thereisanotherkindofroad——the

railway-thatmightbeamuchbetterplaceforsolarpanels.AndthafswhatishappeninginGermany,wherethe

BritishcompanyBanksetEnergyisinstallingsolarpanelsbetweentherails.

Asestimated,100kilowattsofelectricitycanbegeneratedperkilometerofrailwayline.Sincetherail

networkinGermanyisover60,000kilometerslong,thepowerthatcanbegeneratediscomparabletotheoutput

offivenuclearpowerplantsintotal.

But,whyisputtingsolarpanelsisarailwaybetterthanaroadway?Trainsgenerallystayontherails,sothere

isnoneedtohavesolarpanelsdesignedtotakeanyseriousload.Althoughthereisaseriousamountofvibration,

thepanelswouldn'tshakeapart.Railwaysusuallyowntheirrightsofwayandrestrictaccess,sotheyhavemuch

bettercontrol.Theyalsoowntheelectricalinfrastructure,whichisrightoverheadandcandirectlyusethe

electricity.Germanrailwayshavebeentryingtojustifyhydrogen-poweredtrainsbecauseitwastooexpensiveto

electrifymanyoftheirlines.Turningtheirrailbedsintopowersourcesmightchangetheeconomics.

Ontheotherhand,railrightsofwayaregenerallyalotwiderthanthetracks;itmightmakemoresensetofix

thepanelsnexttothetracks,pointingintherightdirectioninsteadoflyingflat.GermanRailisalreadyahuge

consumerofsolarpowerfrommoreconventionalinstallations.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsolarroadways?

A.Hethinkstheyareattractive.

B.Heshowsdisapprovalofthem.

C.Hebelievestheyareunderused

D.Hefigurestheyareenergy-saving.

5.Whatcanweinferfromthenumbersinparagraph!?

A.Thesolarrailwayhaswonwiderecognition.

B.Germanyisleadingtheworldinrailtransportation.

C.Fixingsolarpanelsonrailwaysinbetterthanonroadways

D.Thesolarrailwayhasgreatpotentialforgeneratingelectricity

6.Whatistheadvantageofsolarrailwaysoversolarroadways?

A.Thelengthoftherailway.

B.Thelowerinstallationcosts.

C.Thesafetyofthesolarpanels.

D.Thewideruseoftheelectricity.

7.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Germanroadwaysstarttogodownhill.

B.Solarrailwaysarecomingdowntheline.

C.Germanrailwayarefacingagreatchallenge.

D.Solarenergybecomesacost-competitivealternative

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，文章以德國(guó)太陽(yáng)能鐵路舉例，介紹了太陽(yáng)能鐵路比起太陽(yáng)能公路的眾多優(yōu)

點(diǎn)。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第——段"Butforme,theideahaslittletorecommendit.Thereisanotherkindofroad——

therailway-thatmightbeamuchbetterplaceforsolarpanels.AndthafswhatishappeninginGermany,where

theBritishcompanyBanksetEnergyisinstallingsolarpanelsbetweentherails.（但對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)想法沒(méi)有什

么可取之處。還有另一種道路一一鐵路一一可能是安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板更好的地方。這就是德國(guó)正在發(fā)生

的事情，英國(guó)班克賽特能源公司正在鐵軌之間安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板）”可知，作者不支持太陽(yáng)能公路。故選

Bo

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Asestimated,100kilowattsofelectricitycanbegeneratedperkilometerof

railwayline.SincetherailnetworkinGermanyisover60,000kilometerslong,thepowerthatcanbegeneratedis

comparabletotheoutputoffivenuclearpowerplantsintotal.（據(jù)估計(jì)，每公里鐵路線(xiàn)可產(chǎn)生100千瓦的電

力。德國(guó)的鐵路網(wǎng)長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)6萬(wàn)公里，因此產(chǎn)生的電力相當(dāng)于5座核電站的總和）”可推知，太陽(yáng)能鐵路

具有巨大的發(fā)電潛力。故選D。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Trainsgenerallystayontherails,sothereisnoneedtohavesolarpanels

designedtotakeanyseriousload.Althoughthereisaseriousamountofvibration,thepanelswouldn'tshake

apart.Railwaysusuallyowntheirrightsofwayandrestrictaccess,sotheyhavemuchbettercontrol.（火車(chē)通常在

軌道上行駛，所以沒(méi)有必要設(shè)計(jì)太陽(yáng)能電池板來(lái)承受任何嚴(yán)重的負(fù)荷。雖然有很大的震動(dòng)，但面板不會(huì)

晃動(dòng)開(kāi)來(lái)。鐵路公司通常擁有路權(quán)并限制進(jìn)入，所以他們有更好的控制）”可知，太陽(yáng)能鐵路優(yōu)于太陽(yáng)能

公路的地方在于太陽(yáng)能電池板的安全性更大。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。本艮據(jù)文章第——段"Thereisanotherkindofroad——therailway——thatmightbeamuchbetterplace

forsolarpanels.AndthafswhatishappeninginGermany,wheretheBritishcompanyBanksetEnergyis

installingsolarpanelsbetweentherails.（還有另一種道路---鐵路----可能是安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板更好的地

方。這就是德國(guó)正在發(fā)生的事情，英國(guó)班克賽特能源公司正在鐵軌之間安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板）”及全文內(nèi)容

可知，本文用德國(guó)太陽(yáng)能鐵路舉例，介紹了太陽(yáng)能鐵路的眾多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，B選項(xiàng)“太陽(yáng)能鐵路即將建成"適

合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

C

Weoftenthinkaboutrelationshipsonascalefrompositivetonegative.Wearedrawntolovingfamilymembers,

caringclassmatesandsupportivementors.Wedoourbesttoavoidthecrueluncle,theplaygroundbullyandthe

jerkboss.

Butthemosttoxicrelationshipsaren,tthepurelynegativeones.They'retheonesthatareamixofpositiveand

negative.Weoftencallthemfrenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifs

notjustfriends.It'sthein-lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwho

praisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion.

Everyoneknowshowrelationshipslikethatcantieyourstomachintoaknot.Butgroundbreakingresearchled

bythepsychologistsBertUchinoandJulianneHolt-Lunstadshowsthatambivalent（矛盾'情緒的）relationshipscan

bedamagingtoyourhealth-evenmorethanpurelynegativerelationships.

Ihadassumedthatwithaneighbororacolleague,havingsomepositiveinteractionswasbetterthanallnegative

interactions.Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn'treducethebadfeelings;it

increasesthem.Andit'snotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood.

Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inoneexperiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeecheson

controversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.Theresearchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendto

giveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedbackcausedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism.

“Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou'redoingfine“provedtobemoredistressingthan“Itotally

disagreewitheverythingyou'vesaid.^^

Theevidencethatambivalentrelationshipscanbebadforusisstrong,butthereasonscanbehardertoread一

justliketherelationshipsthemselves.

Themostintuitivereasonisthatambivalentrelationshipsareunpredictable.Withaclearenemy,youputupa

shieldwhenyoucrosspaths.Withafrenemy,youneverknowwhetherDr.JekyllorMr.Hydeisgoingtoshowup.

Feelingunsurecandisruptthebody'scalmingsystemandactivateafight-or-flightresponse.Ifsunsettlingtohope

forahugwhilealsopreparingforalikelyquarrel.

Anotherfactoristhatunpleasantinteractionsaremorepainfulinanambivalentrelationship.Ifsmoreupsetting

tobeletdownbypeopleyoulikesometimesthanbypeopleyoudislikeallthetime.Whensomeonestabsyouin

theback,itstingsmoreifhe'sbeenfriendlytoyourface.

8.Whichofthefollowingcanbecountedasafrenemy?

A.Yourneighbour'skidwhoadvisesyoutostudyhardbutidlesawayhisowntime.

B.Yourclassmatewhoadmiresyourdiligenceatfirst,butdoubtsyourintelligencelater.

C.Yourmother'sfriendwhoencouragesyoutospendmoretimeonhomeworkbutlessonsmartphones.

D.Yourfather^colleaguewhoproposesyoutodoamoderateamountofhomeworkwhileensuringadequate

sleep.

9.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Ambivalentrelationshipshaveapermanenteffectonyourwell-being.

B.Thecommoncauseforhighbloodpressureisambivalentrelationship.

C.Ambivalentinteractionswillbemorepainfulifitisdoneconsciously.

D.Thenegativeimpactofambivalentinteractionsisdirectandstrong.

10.Theunderlinedword"belittle“inparagraph2probablymeans.

A.devalueB.appreciateC.respectD.abuse

11Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SomeNegativeRelationshipsAreBadforYourHealth

B.YourMostAmbivalentRelationshipsAretheMostToxic

C.TheReasonsforAmbivalentRelationshipsAreUnpredictable

D.SomePositiveRelationshipsAreBetterthanAllNegativeOnes

【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)最有害的人際關(guān)系不是純粹

負(fù)面的關(guān)系，而是混合了正面和負(fù)面情緒的關(guān)系。這種關(guān)系被稱(chēng)為“亦敵亦友”的關(guān)系，即有時(shí)幫助你,

有時(shí)傷害你的關(guān)系。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"They'retheonesthatareamixofpositiveandnegative.Weoftencallthem

frenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifsnotjustfriends.Ifsthein-

lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdenies

youapromotion.（他們是一種混合了正面和負(fù)面情緒的關(guān)系。我們通常稱(chēng)他們?yōu)椤耙鄶骋嘤选保从袝r(shí)幫助

你，有時(shí)傷害你的關(guān)系。但不僅僅是朋友。還有那些自愿幫你照顧孩子但卻輕視你育兒方法的姻親，還有

那些贊美你的工作但卻不給你晉升機(jī)會(huì)的經(jīng)理。）”可知，“亦敵亦友”的人指的是有時(shí)候幫助你，有時(shí)候

傷害你的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B"Yourclassmatewhoadmiresyourdiligenceatfirst,butdoubtsyourintelligencelater.（你

的同學(xué)，一開(kāi)始?xì)J佩你的勤奮，但后來(lái)懷疑你的智力。）”符合這一表述。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn'treducethe

badfeelings;itincreasesthem.Andifsnotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood.（但是，

被擊倒你的同一個(gè)人鼓舞并不能減少你的不良情緒；它增加了它們。它不僅存在于你的頭腦中，還會(huì)在你

的心臟和血液中留下痕跡。）”以及文章第五段"Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inone

experiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeechesoncontroversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.The

researchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendtogiveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedback

causedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism.t6Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou'redoing

fine^^provedtobemoredistressingthan"Itotallydisagreewitheverythingyou'vesaid."（即使是一個(gè)矛盾的相互

作用也會(huì)造成傷害。在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，人們?cè)谝晃慌笥衙媲熬陀袪?zhēng)議的話(huà)題即興演講，這位朋友提供反饋。

研究人員隨機(jī)安排這位朋友給出矛盾或負(fù)面的評(píng)論。接受褒貶不一的反饋比接受純粹的批評(píng)更容易導(dǎo)致高

血壓。比起“我完全不同意你所說(shuō)的一切”，“我本來(lái)可以換個(gè)方式來(lái)討論這個(gè)話(huà)題，但是你做得很好”

被證明更令人沮喪。）”可推測(cè)，矛盾相互作用的負(fù)面影響是直接的，強(qiáng)烈的。故選D。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)單詞下一句"Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion』表?yè)P(yáng)你

的工作卻不給你升職的經(jīng)理。）”可知，這類(lèi)人幫助你又會(huì)貶低你。劃線(xiàn)單詞上文"watchyourkids"是幫

助，由此可推測(cè)，劃線(xiàn)單詞的意思和“批評(píng)”相似。選項(xiàng)A"devalue（貶低）”；選項(xiàng)B“appreciate（欣賞）”；

選項(xiàng)C“respect（尊重）”；選項(xiàng)D“abuse（濫用）”。故選A。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Everyoneknowshowrelationshipslikethatcantieyourstomachintoaknot.But

groundbreakingresearchledbythepsychologistsBertUchinoandJulianneHolt-Lunstadshowsthatambivalent

（矛盾情緒的）relationshipscanbedamagingtoyourhealth-evenmorethanpurelynegativerelationships.（每個(gè)

人都知道這樣的關(guān)系會(huì)讓你的胃打個(gè)結(jié)。但由心理學(xué)家BertUchino和JulianneHolt-Lunstad領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的開(kāi)創(chuàng)性

研究表明，矛盾的關(guān)系可能對(duì)你的健康有害——甚至比純粹的消極關(guān)系更有害。）”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，

文章主要講述的是矛盾的關(guān)系才是最有害的。故選B。

D

Ifaskedifspaceexplorationshouldcontinue,mostAmericanswouldgiveanimmediateresponseeitherin

favorofcontinuingorinfavorofendingspaceexploration.Acommonresponsewouldbethatspaceexploration

isawasteofmoney.AnaverageAmerican,uneducatedonthesubject,mightbelievethatthegovernmentis

wastingbillionsofdollarsontheresearchthathasnovalue.Someonestrangetothesubjectmightsaythataspace

shuttlegoesuponceinawhileandthatisaboutallthathappens.Researchisongoingandcontinueswhenthere

arenoshuttlesbeinglaunched.Thisalsocoststhegovernmentmoney.Doestheextremecostofspaceexploration

makesense?

OneargumentisthatthegovernmentiswastingmoneyontheresearchnotbeingusedonEarth.Actually,the

moneygoestoworkersandscientiststhatsupportNationalAcronauicsandSpaceAdministration（NASA）

missions,andgoestomajorcompaniesthatplayimportantrolesinmajorsectorsoftheUSeconomy.Boeingisa

partnerofNASAforaircraft,thesamecompanythatmakescommercialaircraftfortheairlineindustry.

Anotherbenefittocontinuingspaceexplorationisthemanytechnologiesitprovidesides.Theartificialheart

resultedfromexperimentsonthespaceshuttle.ThehandheldJawsofLifeusedtosavevictimsfromcaraccidents

resultedfromthesystemusedtoseparatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets.Insulation（隔熱板）inhomes

thatkeepsthemwarmandenergyefficientisbasedonthetechnologyusedtoinsulatethespaceshuttle.

TherearedirectbenefitstotheeconomyprovidedbyNASAmissionsaswellasthosetechnologies.These

advancesarefoundinfood,buildingmaterials,medicalproceduresandthevehicleswedrive.Whileitcanbe

proventhatbillionsofdollarsthatcouldbeusedelsewhereisbeingspentonspaceexploration,thebenefitsit

providesoutweightheterribleaspects.Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelpstoimprovethequalityofour

lives..

12.HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?

A.Byofferinganalyses.B.Bymakingcomparisons.

CBylistingfigures.D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.

13.ThefunctionofJawsofLifeisto.

A.savepeoplefromtrafficaccidents

B.doexperimentsonthespaceshuttle

C.keephouseswarmandenergyefficient

D.separatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets

14.Intheauthor'sopinion,spaceexploration.

A.haschangedourlifecompletelyB.benefitsusinmanyways

C.coststoomuchofourtimeD.hasnothingtodowithus

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Benefitsofspaceexploration.B.Howtomakespaceexplorationaffordable?

C.Isspaceexplorationworththecost?D.MissionsoftheNASAspaceshuttleprogram.

【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。很多美國(guó)人對(duì)政府投入巨資用于太空研究存在疑問(wèn)，那么這是否值得呢？本

文作者就此問(wèn)題指出了將錢(qián)投入太空研究的諸多好處，如經(jīng)濟(jì)航班的使用，還有太空研究所提供的許多技

術(shù)，以及帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益等。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneargumentisthatthegovernmentiswastingmoneyontheresearchnotbeing

usedonEarth.Actually,themoneygoestoworkersandscientiststhatsupportNationalAcronauicsandSpace

Administration（NASA）missions,andgoestomajorcompaniesthatplayimportantrolesinmajorsectorsofthe

USeconomy.BoeingisapartnerofNASAforaircraft,thesamecompanythatmakescommercialaircraftforthe

airlineindustry.（一種說(shuō)法是，政府是在把錢(qián)浪費(fèi)在沒(méi)有在地球上使用的研究上。實(shí)際上，這些錢(qián)流向了支

持美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局（NASA）任務(wù)的工人和科學(xué)家，流向了在美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)主要領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮重要作用的大公

司。波音公司是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的飛機(jī)合作伙伴，也是為航空業(yè)制造商用飛機(jī)的同一家公司）”可推

知，第二段采取的主要寫(xiě)作手法是分析說(shuō)明。故選A。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句"ThehandheldJawsofLifeusedtosavevictimsfromcaraccidentsresulted

fromthesystemusedtoseparatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets.（手持式救生顆用于拯救車(chē)禍中的受

害者，這些事故是由用于分離航天飛機(jī)及其助推器火箭的系統(tǒng)造成的）”可知，救生顆的作用是用來(lái)拯救

出車(chē)禍的人。故選A。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一■句uAnotherbenefittocontinuingspaceexplorationisthemanytechnologiesit

providesides.（繼續(xù)進(jìn)行太空探索的另一個(gè)好處是它提供了許多技術(shù)）”以及最后一段“Therearedirect

benefitstotheeconomyprovidedbyNASAmissionsaswellasthosetechnologies.Theseadvancesarefoundin

food,buildingmaterials,medicalproceduresandthevehicleswedrive.Whileitcanbeproventhatbillionsof

dollarsthatcouldbeusedelsewhereisbeingspentonspaceexploration,thebenefitsitprovidesoutweighthe

terribleaspects.Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelpstoimprovethequalityofourlives.（美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航

天局的任務(wù)以及這些技術(shù)為經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了直接的好處。這些進(jìn)步存在于食品、建筑材料、醫(yī)療程序和我們

駕駛的車(chē)輛中。雖然可以證明，數(shù)十億美元本可以用在其他地方的資金正在用于太空探索，但它帶來(lái)的

好處超過(guò)了可怕的方面。事實(shí)上，花的錢(qián)有助于提高我們的生活質(zhì)量）”可推知，作者認(rèn)為太空探索有很

多好處。故選B。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Doestheextremecostofspaceexplorationmakesense?（太空探索的巨大

成本有意義嗎？）”以及文章最后一■句"Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelpstoimprovethequalityof

ourlives.（事實(shí)上，花的錢(qián)有助于提高我們的生活質(zhì)量）”結(jié)合本文主要是在討論用于太空探索的錢(qián)花得值

不值這一問(wèn)題。故C項(xiàng)“是否值得花那么多錢(qián)太空探索？”概括了文章主旨，適合做標(biāo)題。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng).

Consumerbehavioristhestudyofhowpeoplemakepurchasedecisionstosatisfytheirneedsordesiresand

howtheiremotional,mentalandbehavioralresponsesinfluencethebuyingdecision.Byunderstandingit,

businessescanmaketheirmarketingeffortstofocusonspecificgroups,improvebrandimages,andpredictthe

trends.16Anyway,understandingconsumerbehaviorisvitaltoanysuccessfulmarketingstrategy.

17Amongthem,marketingcampaignsinfluencepurchasingdecisionsalot.Ifdonerightand

regularly,withtherightmarketingmessage,theycanevenpersuadeconsumerstochangebrandsorchoosemore

expensivealternatives.

Forexpensiveproducts,likehousesorcars,economicconditionsplayabigpart.18Theconsumer's

decision-makingprocessislongerforexpensivepurchasesanditcanbeinfluencedbymorepersonalfactorsat

thesametime.

Consumerbehaviorcanalsobeinfluencedbypersonalfactors:likes,dislikes,morals,andvalues.In

industrieslikefashionorfood,personalopinionsareespeciallypowerful.Ofcourse,advertisementscaninfluence

behavior.However,finally,consumerschoicesaregreatlyinfluencedbytheirpreferences.19

Lastbutnotleast,ourpurchasingpowerplaysasignificantroleininfluencingourbehavior.Unlessyou'rea

billionaire,you'llconsideryourbudgetbeforemakingapurchasedecision.20However,ifyoudon'thave

themoneyforit,youwon'tbuyit.

A.Educationlevelsandsocialfactorscanhaveanimpact.

B.Consumerbehaviorisofteninfluencedbydifferentfactors.

C.Theproductmightbeexcellentandthemarketingcouldbegreat.

D.Thisknowledgecanalsohelpbusinessesstayaheadoftheircompetition.

E.Vegetarians,nomatterhowmanyhamburgeradstheysee,won'tstarteatingmeat.

F.Apositiveeconomicenvironmentcanmakeconsumerswillingtobuythem.

G.Aconsumerpurchasesadifferentproductjustbecauseheorshewantstoseekdiversity.

【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.E20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了解消費(fèi)者的行為對(duì)于成功的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略的重要性。

【16題詳解】

上文“Consumerbehavioristhestudyofhowpeoplemakepurchasedecisionstosatisfytheirneedsordesiresand

howtheiremotional,mentalandbehavioralresponsesinfluencethebuyingdecision.Byunderstandingit,businesses

canmaketheirmarketingeffortstofocusonspecificgroups,improvebrandimages,andpredictthetrends.（消費(fèi)

者行為是研究人們?nèi)绾巫龀鲑?gòu)買(mǎi)決定來(lái)滿(mǎn)足他們的需求或欲望，以及他們的情感、心理和行為反應(yīng)如何影

響購(gòu)買(mǎi)決定。通過(guò)了解它，企業(yè)可以使他們的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)努力集中在特定的群體，提高品牌形象，并預(yù)測(cè)趨勢(shì)。）”

說(shuō)明了解消費(fèi)者的行為對(duì)于營(yíng)銷(xiāo)策略意義重大，選項(xiàng)D“這些知識(shí)還可以幫助企業(yè)在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中保持領(lǐng)先地位。'

承接上文，繼續(xù)說(shuō)明了解消費(fèi)者的行為的重要作用。故選D項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

下文“Amongthem,marketingcampaignsinfluencepurchasingdecisionsalot.Ifdonerightandregularly,with

therightmarketingmessage,theycanevenpersuadeconsumerstochangebrandsorchoosemoreexpensive

alternatives.（其中，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)對(duì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)決策的影響很大。如果做得好，有規(guī)律，加上正確的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)信息，它們甚

至可以說(shuō)服消費(fèi)者更換品牌或選擇更昂貴的替代品。）”等內(nèi)容說(shuō)明消費(fèi)者行為會(huì)受到營(yíng)銷(xiāo)等不同因素的

影響，選項(xiàng)B”消費(fèi)者行為經(jīng)常受到不同因素的影響?！备爬ㄒI(lǐng)下文。故選B項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

上文“Forexpensiveproducts,likehousesorcars,economicconditionsplayabigpart.（對(duì)于昂貴的產(chǎn)品，如房

子或汽車(chē)，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況起著很大的作用。）”說(shuō)明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況決定著消費(fèi)者會(huì)不會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)昂貴的產(chǎn)品，選項(xiàng)F“積

極的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境可以使消費(fèi)者愿意購(gòu)買(mǎi)。”承接上文，說(shuō)明積極的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況可以使消費(fèi)者愿意購(gòu)買(mǎi)昂貴產(chǎn)品。

選項(xiàng)中Apositiveeconomicenvironment和上文中economicconditions語(yǔ)義——致，故選F項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

上文“Ofcourse,advertisementscaninfluencebehavior.However,finally,consumerschoicesaregreatly

influencedbytheirpreferences.（當(dāng)然，廣告可以影響人們的行為。然而，最后，消費(fèi)者的選擇很大程度上受

到他們的偏好的影響。）”說(shuō)明雖然廣告可以起作用，但是消費(fèi)者的選擇受到偏好的影響，選項(xiàng)E“素食者，

不管他們看到多少漢堡包廣告，都不會(huì)開(kāi)始吃肉?！迸e例說(shuō)明上文觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)橄M(fèi)者是素食偏好，所以肉

類(lèi)廣告并不起作用。故選E項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

下文"However,ifyoudoifthavethemoneyforit,youwon*buyit.（然而，如果你沒(méi)有錢(qián)，你就不會(huì)買(mǎi)它。）”

轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)義，說(shuō)明如果沒(méi)錢(qián)就不會(huì)買(mǎi)，選項(xiàng)