全大學英語綜合教程2-答案

UnitlWaysofLearning

PartIIReadingTask

Comprehension

ContentQuestion

PairWork

TheywerestudyingartseducationinChinesekindergartensandelementary

schoolsinNanjing.

Their18-month-oldsonBenjaminwasfondoftryingtoplacethekeyintotheslot

ofthekeyboxduringtheirstayattheJinlingHotel.

TheywouldcomeovertowatchBenjaminandthentrytoteachhimhowtodoit

properly.

Becauseherealizedthatthisanecdotewasdirectlyrelevanttotheirassignedtasks

inChina:toinvestigateearlychildhoodeducationandtothrowlightonChinese

attitudestowardcreativity.

MostofthemdisplayedthesameattitudeasthestaffattheJinlingHotel.

Heemphasizedthatthemostimportantthingistoteachthechildthatoncansolve

aproblemeffectivelybyoneself.

Hemeansthatthisincidentpointedtoimportantdifferencesineducationaland

artisticpracticesbetweenChinaandtheUSA.

ThemannerinwhichtheChinesestaffsawtheneedtoteachthechildbyguiding

hishandinthecharacteristicofabroaderattitudetoeducation,onethatstandsin

contrasttotheWesternpreferenceforleavingthechildtoexploreandlearn

unaided.

Oneexampleisofchildrenattheageof5or6paintingflowers,fishandanimals

skillfullyandconfidently;inasecondexample,calligraphers9and10yearsoldwere

producingworks;andinathird,youngartistsworkonperfectingtheircraftfor

severalhoursaday.

Americansthinkthatunlesscreativityhasbeenacquiredearly,itmayneveremerge,

andskillscanbepickeduplater.Chinesethinkthatifskillsarenotacquiredearly,

theymayneverbeacquired,andthereisnohurrytopromotecreativity.

Thisismainlyduetothedifferenceintheirwayofthinking.

Theauthormakesthesuggestionthatweshouldstrikeabetterbalancebetween

thepolesofcreativityandbasicskills.

TextOrganization

WorkingOnYourOwn

Thetextbeginswithananecdote.

HisthoughtsaremainlyaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandthe

West

Hewindsupthetextwithasuggestionintheformofaquestion.

Chinese

Showachildhowtodosomething,ortechbyholdingthehand

Givegreaterprioritytodevelopingskillsatanearlyage,believingthatcreativitycan

bepromotedovertime

Americans

Teachchildrenthattheyshouldrelyonthemselvesforsolutionstoproblems

Putmoreemphasisonfosteringcreativityinyoungchildren,thinkingskillscanbe

pickeduplater

LanguageSenseEnhancement

Summarizing

valueoriginalityandindependence

contrastbetween

intermsof

harbor

fearful

comparable

promotecreativity

emerge

pickedup

LanguageFocus

Vocabulary

I

insert

onoccasion

investigate

Inretrospect

initial

phenomena

attached

makeupfor

isawaiting

not;intheleast

promote

emerged

astrikingcontrastbetweenthestandardsoflivinginthenorthofthecountryand

thesouth.

issaidtobesuperiortosyntheticfiber.

asafinancialcenterhasevolvedslowly.

isnotrelevanttowhetherheisagoodlawyer.

byalittle-knownsixteen-centuryItalianpoethavefoundtheirwayintosome

Englishmagazines.

bepickedup;can'taccomplish;amexaggerating

somewhat;theperformance;haveneglected;theyapplyto

assist;Ontheotherhand;arevalid;asuperior

II

continual

continuous

continual

continuous

principal

principal

principle

principles

principal

III

themselves

himself/herself

herself/byherself/onherown

itself

ourselves

yourself/byyourself/onyourown

ComprehensiveExercises

cloze

contrast

exaggerating

priority

ontheotherhand

promoting

pickup

assist

accomplish

occasion

neglecting

worthwhile

superior

end

perform

facing

competent

equipped

designed

approach

rest

definitely

quality

translation

Ittakesanenormousamountofcouragetomakeadeparturefromthetradition.

Tomusedtobeveryshy,butthistimehewasboldenoughtogiveaperformance

infrontofalargeaudience.

Manyeducatorsthinkitdesirabletofosterthecreativespiritinthechildatanearly

age.

Assumingthispaintingreallyisamasterpiece,doyouthinkit'sworthwhiletobuy

it?

Ifthedataisstatisticallyvalid,itwillthrowlightontheproblemweareinvestigating.

ToimproveourEnglish,itiscriticaltodomorereading,writing,listeningand

speaking.Besides,learningbyheartasmanywell-writtenessaysaspossibleisalso

veryimportant.WithoutanenormousstoreofgoodEnglishwritinginyourhead

youcannotexpressyourselffreelyinEnglish.Itisalsohelpfultosummarizeour

experienceaswegoalong,forinsodoing,wecanfigureoutwhichwayoflearning

ismoreeffectiveandwillproducethemostdesirableresult.Aslongaswekeep

workinghardonit,wewillinduecourseaccomplishthetaskofmasteringEnglish.

Unit4TheVirtualWorld

PartIIReadingTask

Comprehension

ContentQuestion

PairWork

Sheusedtobeatelevisionproducer;butnowsheisawriter.

Shewritesandeditsarticlesonline,submitsthemviaemail,andcommunicateswith

colleaguesviatheInternet,too.

Shecouldstaycomputer-assistedathomeforweeks,goingoutonlytgetmail,

newspapersandgroceries.

Theyfeelasiftheyhadbecomeonewiththecomputer,andlifeseemstobeunreal.

Thatpeoplewhogrewusedtoavirtuallifewouldfeelanaversiontooutsideforms

ofsocializing.

Shegetsoverexcited,speakstoomuch,andinterruptsothers.

Sheisbad-tempered,easilyangered,andattackseveryoneinsight,allbecauseshe

haslongbecomeseparatedfromothersandlacksemotionalface-to-face

exchangeswithpeople.

Shefightsherboyfriend,misinterpretinghisintentionsbecauseofthelackof

emotionalcuesgivenbytheirtypeddialogue.

Becausewerelyonco-worksforcompany.

Shecallspeople,arrangerstomeetthefewfriendsremainingintheCity,getsto

thegym,arrangesinterviewsforstories,doctor7sappointments--anythingtoget

heroutofthehouseandconnectedwithothers.

No,shedoesn'tfeelhappy.Shefeelsbeingfacetofaceisintolerable.

Shemakesherexcusesandflees,re-entersherapartment,runstothecomputer;

clicksonthemodem,anddisappearsintothevirtualworldagain.

TextOrganization

WorkingOnYourOwn

2-3

1,4-10,13

11

12

Thefirstparagraphdescribestheconsequencesoflivingavirtuallifeandthelast

tellsoftheauthor1sescapebackintoitTogether,theybringoutthedilemma

peopleatpresentarein:Becauseofmoderntechnology,wehaveachoicebetween

avirtuallifeandreallife,butfindbothunsatisfactory.

LanguageSenseEnhancement

routine

forcompany

unemployment

externally

drugabuse

restore

fled

gym

setapart

appointments

Vocabulary

I

conversely

butthen

symptom

spitting

abusing

tone

took;in

editing

havearranged

insight

stretched

data

smokingcigarettesjarsonme.

findthemselvesgettingsuckedin.

hasarrangedforatechnicianfromthecomputerstoretocheckandrepairit.

fledtheircountrytoavoidmilitaryservice/fledtoothercountriestoavoidmilitary

service.

restorepeople'sconfidenceinit

thevirtual;online;via

nightmare;routine;anyappointment;arrangefor

cue;remarks;histune

Collocation

Wecamehereallthewayonfoot.

Privatecarsarenotallowedoncampus.

TheyareonvacationinFlorida.

Maryhasbeentalkingtoherfriendonthephoneforanhour.

Don'tworry,Lucyisalwaysontime.

Industrialdemandonfuelisontherise.

Usage

hard

difficult

impossible

tough

hard

easy

ComprehensiveExercises

cloze

Internet

click

virtual

routines

arrange

nightmare

annoying

connection

crawls

takein

spit

data

suckedinto

Attimes

flee

online

companion

deliver

access

enables

customers

delights

provides

small

remote

information

Translation

Researchshowsthatlaughtercanbringalotofhealthbenefits.

AshowInternetconnectionspeedisreallyannoying.

Asthelawstands,helpingsomeonecommitsuicideisacrime.

Inherreport,Marytriestointerpretthedatafromacompletelydifferentangle.

Sueisagirlofgreattalent.Heramazingmemorysetsherapartfromherclassmates.

Perhapsyouenvymeforbeingabletoworkfromhomeonthecomputer.Iagree

thattheInternethasmademyjobaloteasier.Icanwrite,submitandeditarticles

viaemail,chatwithmycolleaguesonlineanddiscussworkwithmyboss.Witha

clickofthemouse,IcangetallthedataIneedandkeepupwiththelatestnews.

Butthen,communicatingthroughtheNetcanbefrustratingattimes.Thesystem

maycrash.Worsestill,withouttheemotionalcuesofface-to-facecommunication,

thetypedwordssometimesseemdifficulttointerpret.

Unit7LearningaboutEnglish

PartIIReadingTask

Comprehension

ContentQuestion

PairWork

Ithasborrowedandisstillborrowingmassivelyfromotherlanguages.Todayithas

anestimatedvocabularyofoveronemillionwords.

Theydon'tlikeborrowingforeignwords.TheytrytobanwordsfromEnglish.

OldEnglishorAnglo-SaxonEnglish.

TheGermanictribesbroughtittotheBritishIslesinthe5thcentury.

Theyareusuallyshortanddirect.

TheyusewordsderivedfromOldEnglish.

AnEnglishjudgeinIndianoticedthatseveralwordsinSanskritcloselyresembled

somewordsinGreekandLatin.AsystematicstudylaterrevealedtheIndo-European

parentlanguage.

Greek,Latin,Sanskrit,English,etc.

TherewerethreelanguagescompetingforuseinEngland.

WordsfromGreekandRomanclassicscameintotheEnglishlanguage.

ThegreatprinciplesoffreedomandrightsofmanwereborninEngland,thenthe

Americanscarriedthemforward.

No.Englishisandhasalwaysbeenthetongueofthecommonpeople.Thereshould

notbeanyfencearoundittoprotectitsso-calledpurity.

TextOrganization

WorkingOnYourOwn

PartOne:MassiveborrowingfromotherlanguagesisamajorfeatureoftheEnglish

language.

PartTwo:thehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagefromtheIndo-Europeanparent

languagetomodernEnglish.

PartThree:Tolerance,loveoffreedom,andrespectfortherightsofothers—these

qualitiesintheEnglish-speakingpeopleexplaintherichnessoftheirlanguage.

Paras.10-11:GermanictribescametosettleinBritainandbroughtAnglo-Saxon

words--OldEnglish.

Para.12:TheChristianreligionenrichedEnglishwithwordsfromGreekandLatin.

Para.13:theVikingsfromScandinaviacamewithwordsfromOldNorse.

Para.14:theNormanConquest-Frenchinfluence.

Para.15:TheEuropeanrenaissanceandtheprintingpressbroughtmanynewwords

fromLatinandGreek.

Para.16:TheAmericanrevolution—theemergenceofanewvariety---Amercan

English.

LanguageSenseEnhancement

judge

resembled

systematic

descended

losttous

comeupwith

assume

established

drifted

becameknownas

Vocabulary

I

Strictlyspeaking

drifted

resembles

invaded

isconquered

fascinating

snack

put;intopractice

source

climate

surrendered

were;aroused

anabsolutenecessityratherthanaluxury.

isavaluableadditiontothefootballteam.

willgetoutofcontrol,ifthefiremendonotarrivewithintenminutes.

AlternativebuttogoviaVancouvertogettoSeattle.

Declaredallbeefimportswillbebannedforthenextsixmonthsasanemergency

measuretostopthespreadofmaddisease.

systematic;haveinvented;toaveryrealextent;mysteries

toestablish;tobemodified/modifying

tolerancetowards;strikeout;enrich

Synonyms

wish

wish

want

want/wish

skin

hide/skin

hide

skin

raise/rear

raise

rear/raise

raise

royal

kingly/royal

sovereign

royal/kingly

Usage

Indeed

though

Frankly

Moreover

Tomyknowledge

however

nevertheless

Yet

instead

inotherwords

ComprehensiveExercises

cloze

fascinating

tolerance

invented

addition

ban

corrupt

outofcontrol

influenced

elite

cameupwith

establishing

Massive

sources

enrich

early

similar

source

observation

examine

features

declared

stronger

accident

sprung

Translation

Manysmallbusinesseshavesprungupinthecitysincethenewpolicywentinto

effect.

Onhearingthenews,shesmiledbriefly,andthenreturnedtoherhabitualfrown.

Hepausedforeffect,thensaid:"Wecanreach/enterthesemarketsthroughnew

channels/

Theadditionofaconcerthalltotheschoolwillhelpitnourishyoungmusicaltalents.

Wehavenowaytoprotectourpersonallibertiesuntilwehaveestablisheda

sovereignstate./Wecan'tprotectourpersonallibertiesunlesswe,firstofall,

establishasovereignstate.

ThoughhowtheEnglishlanguagecameintoexistenceremainsamysterytomany

people,linguistsbelievethatEnglishandmostotherEuropeanlanguageshave

descendedfromacommonsource:theIndo-Europeanparentlanguage.English

wasfirstspokenbytheAnglo-SaxonswhoinvadedEnglandinthefifthcentury.

TheypassedontousthebasicvocabularyofEnglish.Inoverfifteencenturiesofits

developmentEnglishhasenricheditselfbymassiveborrowing.AsBritish

immigrantslandedinAmericaandestablishedtheUnitedStatesasanindependent

nation,anewvarietywasaddedtotheEnglishlanguage:AmericanEnglish.Though

somepeopleworrythatthelanguageisrunningoutofcontrol,manynative

speakersofEnglishtakeprideinthetoleranceoftheirlanguage.

Unit8ProtectingOurEnvironment

PartIIReadingTask

Comprehension

ContentQuestion

PairWork

InthemidstofprosperousfarmsandbeautifulfieldsinthecentralpartofAmerica.

Foxes,deer;wildflowersandtrees,migrantbirds,troutandotherfishes,etc.

Theroadsideswerebeautifuleveninwinter.Berriesandseedheadsofdriedweeds

roseabovethesnow,andbirdscametofeedonthem.

Themigrantbirds,andfishinthestreamsandpools.

Itwasclearandcold.

Theybuilttheirhouses,sanktheirwells,builttheirbarns,andlivedinperfect

harmonywiththewildlife.Thetownremainedbeautifulandfulloflifeformany

years.

Shereferstotheshadowofdeath.Chickens,cattleandsheepbegantodieof

mysteriousmaladies,peoplewerestrickenwithstrangesicknessandsomeofthem

died.

Springshouldbethrobbingwithlife,fullofbirdsong."Asilentspring"isalifeless

spring.

Theroadsidesarenowlinedwithwitheredvegetationasthoughsweptbyfire.

Probablyitistheremainsofpesticidesorotherdeadlychemicals.

Man.Allthesechangesaretheresultofman'sownwork.

No.Theauthorispointingtoarealdanger.Thedisastersbefallingthisimagined

townhaveactuallyhappenedhereandthere,thoughnosingletownhas

experiencedallofthem.Ifnothingisdonetoprotecttheenvironment,allAmerican

townswillsufferthesamefatesoonerorlater.

TextOrganization

WorkingOnYourOwn

PartTwo:Thedescriptionofthesametownwhichwasnowstrickenwithallkinds

ofmaladies

PartThree:Thecauseofthemaladies

PartFour:Thoughimagined,thetragedymaywellbecomearealityandtheauthor

tellsaboutherpurposeinwritingthebook.

3.Astrangeblightcreptoverthearea

5.Animalsstoppedbreedingandtreesborenofruit

LanguageSenseEnhancement

heart

inharmonywith

inthemidst

prosperous

orchards

drifted

blaze

flickered

barked

mists

Vocabulary

I

barking

evil

brooding;hatched

migrant

tragedies

counterpart

arecomplaining/co-mplain

grim

flocks;fedon

vegetation

patches

Scoresof

waslinedwithpeoplewhocametowelcomethedistinguishedforeignguests.

thebosssilencedalllivelyconversationintheoffice.

wearingapairofsunglasses,thefamousmoviestarpassedthecrowedunnoticed.

lookeddeserted.

werestrickenbyit.

patches;cameintofullbloom;werepuzzled;mysterious

throbbedwith;sickened;migrant;achorus

hadcreptinto;flickered;thestark

WordFormation

Compoundwords

age-old

airforce

daughter-in-law

first-rate

greenhouse

halfbrother

ice-cream

lifelike