人教版中考英語語法：初中英語

英語學案之賓語從句

1.在句中擔當賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也

可做介詞的賓語。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動詞賓語)

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動詞賓語)

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語)

2.賓語從句的引導詞有三類：

(1)以that引導的賓語從句，主要用來引導句形式的賓語從句，that可以省

略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.

Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

⑵以連接代詞which,what,who等或連接副詞how,where,why等引導的賓

語從句，從句是陳述語序eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu?

Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.

(3)以whether或if引導的賓語從句，主要用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑

問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.

3.賓語從句的時態(tài)

(1)當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)、或一般將來時態(tài)時，從句可用

所需要的任何時態(tài)。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.

Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow?

(2)當主句為一般過去時態(tài)時，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時態(tài)。

egjheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.

Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.

⑶當從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，賓語從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。

eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews

注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。

1.當從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.

2.引導詞與動詞不定式或not連用時、只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?

3.if當如果講時，引導的是條件狀語從句，這時不能用whether.

eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting.

例題解析：舉一反三，學的更輕松！

1.Theteacheraskedthestudents.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhave

planted

解析：賓語從句中從句應(yīng)保持陳述語序，答案B首先刪去，主句一般過去式,

從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時態(tài)，刪去答案C和D,答案A中的if意為如果.

應(yīng)選A

2.Couldyoutellme?

A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyou

C.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwithyou.

解析：what就是從句的主語，what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陳述語

序，因此刪掉A;主句可看作是委婉的請求，并是一般過去式，可刪去答案B;

wrong前不用加the,因此此題選C.

3.HeaskedmeIcouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn."

A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that

解析：此句應(yīng)選含有疑問意思的關(guān)系代詞，故刪去D；weather意為天氣，

根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A.

4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoonroundtheearth.

A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns

解析：從句是一個客觀真理，因此從句的時態(tài)不受主句影響。應(yīng)選D

5.Itmakesnodifference.

A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.

B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam

C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot

D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot

解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語序先刪掉,if不能與not連用。因此此題選

D

6.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

解析：what表示職業(yè)，因此選B.

7.1amsureyousaidistrue.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who

解析：根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用what,做said的內(nèi)容，你所說的話。應(yīng)選A.

8.Theoldmantoldusand.

A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit

C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo

解析：疑問詞what即連接不定式，又做do的賓語；而在how引導的不定

式短語中，how表示方式，do為及物動詞，因此需接賓語才正確

應(yīng)選C

練習與鞏固：1.一DoyouknowwhentheWorldCupnextweek?

---NextFriday.Whenit,Iwillringyou.

A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.will

begin,begins

2.---Todayortomorrow?

---Whatareyoutalkingabout?

---WearetalkingabouttogiveatalkonWTO.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

3.1wonder.

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelive

C.heliveswhereD.wherehelives

4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.

---1don'tknowIcandoitifnotnow.

A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how

5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme?

---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.

A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn

C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn

6.Thephotographwillshowyou.

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

7.---Canyouguessiftheytoplaybasketballwithus?

---1thinkthey'llcomeiftheyfree.

A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.

come,willbe

8.—Wheredoeshecomefrom?

---Pardon?

---1askedwhere.

A....didhecomefromB.hecamefrom

C.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom

9.Shewondered.

A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidfor

t