UNDP-新興視野：青年對氣候變化的見解和突破性解決方案（英）

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2024LEADINGMINDSONCLIMATEACTION

EmergingHorizons:Youth

InsightsonClimateChangeandBreakthroughSolutions

UNICEFINNOCENTI–GLOBALOFFICEOFRESEARCHANDFORESIGHTMAY2024

Background

Childrenandyoungpeoplecaredeeplyabouttheplanetandcreatingasustainablefuture.However,theyaregrowingupinathrow-awayculturethatencouragessystematicandpersuasivepollution.Atthesametime,theUnitedNationsSecretary-Generalhasdeclaredtheclimatecrisisanexistential

threat.Whatisthemessagethatyoungpeopleshouldtakefromthesecontradictions?

1

Itisnowonderthatsomanychildrenandyoungpeopleareincreasinglyvulnerabletoclimateanxiety,exacerbatedbythefeelingofbeingignoredbyadults,andthatmillionshavetakentothestreetsto

protestourinaction.However,protestisnottheonlystrategytheyareusingtocreatetransformativechange.Infact,youngpeopleallovertheworldareincreasinglybeingrecognizedasnegotiators,

innovators,inventors,entrepreneursandagentsofchange.

Ascarbonemissionscontinuetorise,theknowledgewehavethatcanhelpdrivetransformational

changeisnotbeingeffectivelyusedandislimitedinitscapacitytodriveactionattheratesneededtoavoiddangerousclimatechange.Therefore,newcapacitiesfortransformationareneeded.

2

Thereisacleardemandforplatformsthatsupportchange,inspirefreshideas,rethinkwhatispossible,fosterdialoguebetweendiversegroups,andofferafeelingofhopeandoptimismatatimewhenthesizeofourproblemscanseemdauntinganddebilitating.

Thatispreciselywhat

UNICEFInnocenti–GlobalOfficeofResearchandForesight

seekstoachievethroughitsyouthforesightfunction,andthroughstrategicinterventionsliketheeventthattookplaceat

Youth4Climate

inRomeinOctober2023,thesubjectofthisreport.Thisglobalinitiative,co-led

byItalyandtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme(UNDP),wasestablishedtoidentifyand

financiallysupportyouth-ledclimatebreakthroughs.Onehundredclimate-relatedprojectscreatedbyyoungpeoplefrom63countrieswereshortlisted,andtheyoungcreatorswereinvitedtoattendtheRomeevent.Fiftyteamsacross39countriesultimatelyreceiveduptoUS$20,000infinancialawards,peer-to-peernetworkingandlearningoffersbypartnerorganizations,includingUNICEF.

Thispaperisasynthesisofaparticipatoryforesightworkshop,designedandfacilitatedbyUNICEF

Innocenti,withthese100exceptionalyoungpeople.ByusingtheThreeHorizonsapproach,

3

a

dialoguewascreatedthatdelineatedthepatternsofchangeyoungpeopleenvisaged,highlightedtheirsharedvisionsforthefutureandoutlinedthehighpotentialinnovationstheyfeltcouldbeleveragedtomakethatfutureareality.Thedialoguealsosurfacedcriticalquestionsforfurtherresearchthatwillbeexploredbychildrenandyoungpeopleatthe‘2024LeadingMindsConferenceonClimateAction’,tobeheldatUNICEFInnocentiinMay.

Indocumentingthisparticipatoryyouthforesightprocess,ouraimistomagnifythemultifaceted

aspirations,concernsandperspectivesofagenerationthatispassionatelycommittedtomitigating

theimpactsofclimatechangeandcreatingabetterworld.Inaddition,weaimtoidentifysuitablenextstepsforchildren,youngpeople,UNICEF,UNDPandpartners.

1Background

Whyyouthforesight?

Childrenandyoungpeoplehavebeenadrivingforceforchangethroughouthistory.Itmakessense,therefore,thattheyshouldalsobedeeplyinvolvedinimaginingthefuture–theirfuture,ourfuture,

thefutureoftheplanet.Theirabsencefromforesightanddecision-makingspacesgreatlyhindersourcapacitytoanticipatehowtheworldischanging.Moreover,childrenandyoungpeoplehavetherighttobepartofanyconversationaboutthefuturetheywillinherit,todeveloptheirtalentsandabilitiestothefullinordertohaveagencyinarapidlychangingworldandtorealizethefuturestheywishfor.

Throughevidence-basedandethicalpractices,youngpeople’sexpertise,experiences,perspectives

andneedsarevaluedandintegratedintoUNICEFInnocenti’sworkacrossresearch,foresightand

convening.Thisleadstohigh-quality,relevantresearchandanalysisthatgenerateseffectiveplatformsforyoungpeopletoleadglobaldiscourseandcreatepositivechangeintheircommunitiesandbeyond,whilesimultaneouslyensuringthatwearealwaysworkingtowardsabetterfuturethatisinclusive,

justandequitableforeveryone,nowandinthefuture,especiallyforchildrenandyoungpeople.

‘Strategicforesight’or‘foresight’isasystematicwayofexaminingandexploringpossible,probableandpreferred‘futures’.

4

‘Youthforesight’referstothesamesystematicwayofimaginingpossible

futuresandinformingdecision-making,butwithaparticularfocusontheperspectivesandneedsofyoungpeople.Youthforesightcanbeusedinpolicymaking,planninganddecision-makingprocessesatthelocal,nationalandinternationallevelstoinformfuturestrategies,programmesandinvestmentsthatwillimpactthelivesofyoungpeople.Moreover,itprovidesaframeworkforbothUNICEFand

youngpeopletoaddressuncertaintyandtobringbackagency.

2Whyyouthforesight?

Atastrategicforesight

workshop,youngpeoplefrom63countriescollaboratedtoexplorethepossibilitiesforamoresustainablefuture.

Oneclimate,threehorizons

WhatistheThreeHorizonsapproach?Putsimply,itisthreelinesonabitofpaper.Butitismuch

morethanthat.Itisaproventoolthatcanhelpusthinkaboutthefutureinastructuredway,bringingbackagencyintimesofuncertainty.Thisapproachhelpsustorecognizethatthreehorizonsexist

alwaysinthepresentmoment–thecurrentsystemthatisdecliningorthepatternbeinglivedright

now(Horizon1),thevisionofabetterfuturethatisrising(Horizon3),andtheareaofinnovationanddisruptionthatwilleitherbecapturedtomaintaintheoldsystemorharnessedtobringaboutthenew(Horizon2).

5

Thiswasthetoolthatwasusedinthe

Youth4Climate

workshopsinRomein2023.Asdesigned,itallowedtheparticipantstoenvisionthreehorizonsaspartoftheforesightproject.Bycollectively

exploringandmappingoutthesehorizons,theparticipantswereabletoarticulatepreferredfuturevisions,tounderstandandcollaboratewithdiversestakeholders,tosurfacebreakthroughsthat

mightemergeaspathwaystothefuturesystemandtostrategizehowtoensurebreakthroughs

areharnessedtodrivethefuturesystemratherthanbecapturedbythecurrentone.Theoutcomewasamapoftransformationalpotential,whichcanenableusalltoactwithmoreskill,freedomandcreativityinthepresent.

Figure1.ThreeHorizons:Atoolforconstructivelythinkingaboutthefuture

Pattern

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>

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Horizon1

Horizon2

Time

Horizon3

Source:Adaptedfrom

/tutorial/three-horizons/

3Oneclimate,threehorizons

Horizon1:Businessasusual

Horizon1encompassesbusinessasusual,thethingswedotokeepthelightson,eventhoughitisnolongerinserviceofthefuturewewant.

TodigintoHorizon1,participantsweresplitintofourgroupsfocusingontheirareasofexpertise–

energy,foodandagriculture,educationandurbansustainability.Theywerefirstaskedbyfacilitatorswhatbusinessasusuallookslike,whatthecharacteristicsoftheprevailingsystemareandwhytheyarenolongerfitforpurpose.

Arecurringthemeacrossenergy,foodandagriculture,educationandurbansustainabilityisthe

challengeposedbytraditionalgovernanceandpolicymakingapproaches.Traditionaltop-downapproacheshaveoftenledtopoliciesthatarereactiveratherthanproactive.Inparticular,theenergysectorgrappleswithanotableabsenceofyouthengagement,signifyingamissedopportunityto

harnesstheirinsightsandenergy.Top-downapproachesareexacerbatedbybureaucracies–evident,forexample,inalackofcomprehensivecityplanning,whichcausesdelaysandapalpabledisconnectbetweengroundrealitiesandpolicydecisions.Thismeansthatimportantsustainabilityand

communityinfrastructure,suchasgreenspacesandpublictoilets,istoooftenoverlooked,leadingtoreducedqualityoflife.Anestimated

68percentoftheglobalpopulationisexpectedtoliveincities

by2050

,meaningthatthereductioninthequalityoflifeinurbanareasmaywellworsenandcouldleadtoanincreaseineco-anxiety.Lackofplanningisalsoevidentinouragriculturalactivities,whicharguablyhavecontributedtosoilerosionandlanddegradation.

Economicmotivationsandthelureofshort-termgainsoftenovershadowthebroadervisionof

sustainabilityandsocietalwelfare.Inagriculture,exaggeratedmeatandmarket-drivendecisionshavearguablycontributedtounsustainablefarmingpractices,toissuesarounduncertifiedseeds,andmore.Theenergysectoralsowitnessesaprioritizationofcompanyinterestsovercommunityneeds.This

isexemplifiedinParaguay,oneoftheworld’slargestexportersofelectricity,where99.9percentofelectricitygenerationhaszerocarbondioxideemissions,andyetcommunities

donotexperiencethe

benefits

.Thisprofit-centricapproachalsomanifestsintheformoflimitedinvestmentincrucialareas,includingrenewableenergytechnologiesandclimateeducation,particularlyindevelopingcountries.Instead,oldsystemsforenergyareprioritized.

4Horizon1:Businessasusual

Knowledgegapspresentanothersignificanthurdle.Thereiswidespreadlackofeco-literacyacrossalllevelsoflearning,withlimitedresourcesandsupportfromdecision-makerstosupporteducatorstodevelopandimplementeffectivecurricula.Thereisstillshockinglylowawarenessoroutrightdenial

ofclimatechange.ThisfindingcorrelateswithaUNICEFandGalluppollwhichfoundthat

onlyhalfof

youngpeoplewereabletoidentifythecorrectdefinitionofclimatechange

.Crucially,climatechangeknowledgeamongyoungpeoplewasfoundtobelowestinlower-middleandlow-incomecountries–thosemostvulnerabletotheimpactsofclimatechange.Additionally,inmanyurbanspaces,there isanalarmingunpreparednessforclimateshocks,revealingastarkgapinawarenessandeducation. Insufficientdataandinformationsharingdramaticallyfurtherimpairssustainableurbandevelopment.

Amidthesechallenges,societaldisparitiesemergeasapressingconcern.Theenergysector,forexample,revealsacleardivisionbetweenpracticesthatcatertotheaffluentversusthosethatserveunderprivilegedcommunities.Similarly,underservedcommunitiesoftenfacebarriersinaccessing

qualityclimateeducation,particularlythosethatdonotspeakEnglishasaprimarylanguage.Inurbanplanning,theexclusionofcertaingroupsfromdecision-makingprocesses,ashighlightedearlier,

perpetuatesexistinginequalities.

Whatdowewishtocarryforward?

Whenaskedwhattheywishedtocarryforwardintothefuture,thequestiongaveyoungparticipantspause.

Innovationswithinthecurrentsystem,suchastheemphasisonrenewablesandenergyefficiency,haveundeniablybroughtprogress.Existingenergysystemshavepropelledglobaldevelopment,

fosteringaworldofunparalleledinterconnectedness.Sustainabilityplansandvisionsthatpromoteacirculareconomy,greenfuturesandinnovationsshouldbecarriedforward.

Capitalismhasspurredeconomicdevelopmentandpresentedaplethoraoflifechoices.Thecurrentsystemhasprovidedenergyfordevelopmentacrosstheglobe.Ithas‘powered’agreatdealof

progress,helpingsomelow-incomecountriestoimprovetheirfinancialhealth.

Youngpeoplearewitnessingapalpableincreaseinemphasisoncommunityengagementand

leveragingindigenousknowledge.Theactiveinvolvementofyoungpeople,especiallyinclimateeducationandaction,iscreatingpositiveripplesincommunities.Forexample,localcommunity

engagementinagriculturepromotesorganicfarmingpractices,eco-literacyandaccessibility.

5Horizon1:Businessasusual

“InNepal,traditionalmethodsofagriculture,suchasterracefarmingandcommunity-basedwatermanagementsystems,

havesustainedlivelihoodsforgenerations,whilepreservingecologicalbalance.Thesetraditionalpracticesoffervaluable

insightsintosustainablelanduse,waterconservationandbiodiversityconservation,aligningcloselywithHorizon3’svisionofsustainability.”

Gunjan,aworkshopparticipantfromNepal

Theintegrationofindigenousinsights,whichoffermoreholisticandnature-basedperspectivesthatprioritizepeopleandplanet,mustbecarriedforward.Extensionservicesandcontinuedresearchondrought-tolerant/pest-resistantvarietiesaresupportingadaptationtochangingclimateconditions.

6Horizon1:Businessasusual

Astrategicforesightworkshopofabout100youngpeopleinRomeaimedtoidentifyand

supportyouth-ledclimatebreakthroughs.

Horizon3:Visionsofthefuture

BeforeaddressingHorizon2–theinnovationsneedednowtoachievethedesiredfuture–the

workshopparticipantsturnedtheirmindstothefuturetheywouldliketocreate;theyfocusedonHorizon3.

Thethirdhorizoninvolvesvisionarythinkingaboutthefutureandwhatmightbepossible.Whenaskedwhatfuturetheywouldwanttobringabout,andwhatitwouldlooklikeandfeelliketobethere,theairacrossallgroupschangedtooneofhopeandoptimism.

InenvisioningHorizon3,afuturelandscapeemergedthataccentuatedsustainabilityandeco-

friendliness.Theworkshopparticipantsenvisionedanenergysectorthatharnessesadiversemixofrenewablesources,emphasisingnotjustsolarbutacomprehensivearrayofoptions.Intheirvision,

recycling,particularlyofsolarpanels,andthedevelopmentofefficientsystemsareparamount.Climateeducationintegratesindigenousknowledge,ensuringthecurriculaisdiverse,inclusiveandemotionally

considerate.Urbanareasarevisualisedwithreducedenvironmentalfootprints,championing

sustainablepracticesfromwastemanagementtogreenenergysources.Agriculture,too,leansintoeco-friendly,sustainableandadaptablemethodologies.

Athreadofequitabilityandjusticeweavesthroughthevisions.Inagriculture,equitablemarket

systemsareeverywhere,andlandownershipforwomenisthenorm.Citiesofthefutureprioritize

equitabledevelopment,ensuringallresidentsbenefitfromadvancements.Theenergydomainspeaksofjusticeforcommunitiesimpactedbyenergypolicies,informingpolicyleveldecision-making.Fromenergysolutionsthatencouragewidespreadparticipationtofreeanduniversallyaccessibleclimate

education,thefocusisclear.

7Horizon3:Visionsofthefuture

Innovationandtechnologystandoutaspivotalinthepreferredfuture.Theenergysectorforeseesthedigitalizationofsystemsandtheriseofsmartergridsthroughtechnologicalinnovations.Urban

environmentsanticipatetechnologytransferstobolstersustainableinitiatives,whileagriculturelooksforwardtoinstitutesproducingmodifiedseeds,tailoredfordiverseenvironments,thatdonotposearisktopeopleorindeedthediversityofindigenouscrops.Technologycouldfurthertransformclimateeducationtobepersonalisedforalllearners,supportlife-longlearningandbedevelopedinwaysthatbetteraccountforlocalcontexts.

Astrongemphasisoncommunityengagementandlocalinitiativesarises.Energyprojectsdrivenbycommunities,local-levelgridsandcommunity-drivenclimateeducationareenvisioned.Urban

sustainabilityemphasiseslocalfood,goodsandsustainablefashion,underscoringtheimportanceofcommunity-centricapproaches.

Economicconsiderationsalsoplayacrucialrole.Theenergysectorforeseestaxincentives

promotingrenewableenergiesandnewenergysystems.Urbanareashopeforjobopportunities

rootedinconservationandsustainability,whileagricultureaspiresforimprovedlivelihoodsthrough

farming,asopposedtosurvival.Together,theseyouthfulvisionsforHorizon3paintacomprehensivepictureofhopeandaspirationforthefuture.

Theprocessofco-creatingacollectivepreferredvisionforthefuturewasimpactfulformany.Oneparticipantsharedthisinsight:

“Aspartofourproject,mostofouractionsarefocusedonreforestation.Thesocialandeconomicpartsarealsoimportant,butforusthemosturgentmissionistomakeMadagascargreenagain.Butafterthisworkshop,werealisedthatifwedon’thavethesamevision,ifthewholepopulationandtheleadersdon’tunderstandtheimportanceofthisfight,ifmanypeopledon’tunderstandthereasonwhywe’recommittedtoprotectingtheenvironment,itwon’twork.Treesmaygrow,butpeoplewhodon’tseeabetterfuturethroughthosetreeswon’tstopcontinuingtheiractivitiesthatareharmfultotheplanet.”

Andriamarovavy,aworkshopparticipantfromMadagascar

8Horizon3:Visionsofthefuture

Horizon2:Innovationanddisruption

WithavisionforthefutureestablishedinHorizon3,theparticipantsturnedtoHorizon2–therealmofinnovationsanddisruptions.Atthispoint,theworkshopparticipantswereaskedwhattheyseeasdisruptivethatcouldbeharnessedtobringaboutHorizon3orcapturedtomaintainHorizon1.

Acrossallgroups,youngpeoplesawafascinatinginterplaybetweentraditionalpracticesandmodernity.Theyobservedtrendsinwhichpeoplereturnedtomodesoftransportationsuchasbicyclesandtrains,embracedreusablegoodsandintegratedindigenousinsightsintofarmingpractices,energyuseandeducationabouttheclimate.

Inurbansettings,too,morepeoplearegoingbacktotheirrootsandtryingtounderstandhowwegothere,repurposingold,ageinginfrastructuretocreatenewurbansettings.Thisisatrendthatholds

tremendouspotentialtobringaboutapreferredsustainablefuture.Butwithoutinvestmentinthe

necessaryinfrastructureandeducation,itcannotscale.Gunjan,aworkshopparticipantfromNepal,

highlightedgeodesicdomestructuresashighpotentialinnovationsthatrepresentablendoftraditionalarchitecturalprincipleswithmodernmaterialsanddesigntechniques,offeringnumerousbenefits

forsustainableagriculture,includingoptimisedclimatecontrol,reducedwaterconsumptionandenhancedcropyields.

Theoverarchingenvironmentalethosleanstowardsrenewableenergyandsustainablepractices,drivenbyfactorslikecommunityinitiatives,peer-to-peerenergytradingandbreakthroughsin

energystorage.Blockchainandartificialintelligence(AI)-enabledenergytradingcouldprovidethe

decentralisingforcesrequired.AdebayofromTogohighlightedtheriseingiantsolarfarmsandorganicfarmingamongsmallfarmers,throughtheuseoforganicfertilisersandthepracticeofagroforestry

ascriticaldisruptionsandinnovationsthatholdpromise.However,whilethesedisruptorshavethe

potentialtosignificantlyreshapeestablishednorms,iftheyarenotdesignedwithequityinmind,theycouldbecapturedtomaintainHorizon1worlds.

Innovationsindigitalization,theInternetofThingsandAIareopeningupavenuestotransformenergysystemsandurbanplanning.Greentechnologyisemergingasapromisingfrontier,and

conceptslike

i-Farms

inagriculturesymbolisetheharmoniousfusionoftime-testedmethodswithcutting-edgetechnology.PeacefromNigeriahighlightedthetransformativepotentialofdigitaltwinmodelsforcleanenergyinfrastructuretohelpincreatingsimulationsofscenariosforanumberof

cleanenergytechnologiesbeforepilottesting.However,concernsaroundtheincreasedrelianceontechnologywerevoiced–notonlysuggestingthatthiswouldrequireinvestmenttomitigateharmfuleffectslikementalhealthissuesandsocialisolation,butalsothatwithoutthesufficienttransitioningtowardsrenewableenergysourcesthisreliancemayexacerbatetheclimatecrisis.

9Horizon2:Innovationanddisruption

Oneofthemostpotentforcesinthistransitionalspaceiscommunityengagement.Peer-to-peerinitiativesareburgeoningasplatformsforexchangingdiverseideas.Thesurgeincommunity-drivenprojects,suchas

seedbanking

andfarmerconnectivity,underscoresthetransformativepotential

communitiesholdwhentheycometogether.Theamplifiedvoiceofyouthindecision-making

processesisactingasacatalyst,drivingchangefromthegroundup.Youthfundsandpartnerships

withgovernments,civilsocietyorganizationsandprivateinvestorsholdtransformativepotential,buttokenisticengagementsthatarenon-transformativebydesignwillleadtoyouthdisengagement.Thiswillbeincreasinglycalledout.

Economically,thelandscapeischaracterisedbyitsfluidity.Therearecompellingincentives

promotingefficiencyintheenergysector,butthesecoexistwiththemyriadchallengesurbanareasface.Theconceptofacirculareconomy,combinedwiththeappealoflocaliseddistribution,offerstheprospectofreshapingourconsumptionandproductiondynamics.Acirculareconomyisamodelofproductionandconsumptionwhichinvolvessharing,leasing,reusing,repairing,refurbishingandrecyclingexistingmaterialsandproductsaslongaspossible.

Europe’sCircularEconomyActionPlan

isasignalofwhatispossiblewheneconomicblocsmakesustainabilitythenormandfocusonthesectorsthatusemostresources.

Tensionpoints:Keyareasfor

furtherresearch

Researcharea1:Transformationofgovernanceandpolicymakingthroughcommunity-centricapproaches

Thetraditionaltop-downgovernancemodelinsectorslikeenergy,agriculture,urbanplanningandclimateeducationisincreasinglymisalignedwiththecontemporaryneedsforsustainableand

proactivepolicies.Alackofyouthengagementandbureaucraticprocesseshindertheeffectiveimplementationofpoliciesthataddresstherealitiesofclimatechangeandcommunityneeds.Researchquestionsincluded:

?Howcannewformsofbottom-up,community-centredgovernancetransformtheefficacyofpolicymakinganddecision-makinginurbansustainability,energyandagriculture?

?Inwhatwayscantheintegrationofyouthperspectivesanddigitaltoolsinpolicyformulation

enhancetheresponsivenessandeffectivenessofgovernancemodelsinaddressingclimatechange?

?Whatroledolocalcommunityengagementsandindigenousknowledgeplayinreshapinggovernanceapproaches?

10Tensionpoints:Keyareasforfurtherresearch

Researcharea2:Embeddingequityineconomicmodelsforrenewableenergy

transition

Thetransitiontorenewableenergyandsustainablepracticesisoftenimpededbyeconomic

modelsthatprioritizeshort-termgainsandcorporateinterestsoverlong-termsocietalwelfareandenvironmentalsustainability.Researchquestionsincluded:

?Howcaneconomicthinkingbereorientedtoembedequityinthetransitiontorenewableenergy,ensuringfasterandmoreequitableoutcomesglobally?

?Whatstrategiescanbeemployedtobalancetraditionaleconomicmotivationswiththeneedforsustainabilityandsocietalwelfare?

?Howcanequitablemarketsystemsandlandownership,especiallyformarginalisedgroupslikewomen,bepromotedtofosteramoreinclusivetransitiontosustainableenergyandagriculturalpractices?

Researcharea3:Advancingeco-literacyasacatalystfortransformative

change

Asignificantgapineco-literacyacrossvariouslevelsofsocietyhamperstheabilitytoeffectivelyrespondtoandprepareforclimate-relatedchallenges.Researchquestionsincluded:

?Howcaneco-literacybeenhancedacrossalllevelsofsocietytodrivetransformativechangeinaddressingenvironmentalchallenges?

?Inwhatwayscantheintegrationofindigenousinsightsanddigitaltoolsineducationalcurriculafosteramorecomprehensiveandaccessibleapproachtoeco-literacy?

?Whatroledoescommunityengagementinsectorslikeagricultureandenergyplayinpromotingeco-literacyandsustainablepractices?

11Tensionpoints:Keyareasforfurtherresearch

Conclusion

Thisyouthforesightprocess,whichinvolved100leadingyoungclimateinnovators,hasrevealeda

transformativelandscapeinwhichcommunity-centredgovernance,equitableeconomicframeworksandenhancedeco-literacyarenotjustidealsbutnecessitiesforoursharedfuture.Itunderscored

theimportanceofintegratingtheseelementsintoacohesivestrategythatrespondstoourrapidlychangingworld.

Aswedelvedeeperintothethreemainresearchareas,itbecomesimperativetointegrateadditionalkeytrendsandfactorsthatintersectwithandinfluencethesedomains.Thisincludesrecognizing

theinfluenceofclimatesolutionsonculturalandsocialpractices,anaspectthatenrichesour

understandingofthebroaderimpactoftheseinterventions.Healthimplicationsofclimatechange,suchasincreaseddiseasevectorsandmalnutrition,emergeascriticalareasthatintersectwithourcoreresearchthemes,warrantingamorein-depthexplorationtoidentifyemergingandpotential

climatebreakthroughstoaddressthem.Furthermore,understandinghumanbehaviourand

psychologicalresponsesisessentialforcontextualisingpublicreactionstoclimatesolutionswithin

ourresearchframework.Wemustgobeyondawarenessraising,particularlywhenitcomestoeco-literacy,tounderstandthebarriersthatpreventpeoplewithandwithouttherequisiteknowledgefromtakingaction.Moreover,whileourinitialdiscussionshintatdisplacementduetomineralacquisition,expandingourscopetoencompassbroaderphenomenalikeclimate-inducedmigrationandthe

exacerbationofexistinginequitieswillprovideamoreholisticviewoftheclimatecrisis.Withclimatechangecreatinganywherebetween44to216millionclimatemigrantsby2050,

accordingtothe

InternationalOrganizationforM

igration(IOM),breakthroughswillbeneedednotjustforprevention

butforadaptation.Acknowledgingalltheseelementsiscrucial,especiallyconsideringtheirsignificantimplicationsforchildrenandyoungpeople.

Additionally,inlightoftheevolvingfutureofdemocracy,itisvitaltoconsidershrinkingcivicspaces

andbackslidingdemocracies.Thesepoliticalshiftscouldprofoundlyaffecttheabilityofyoungpeopletoengageinpolicyanddecision-making,