英語(yǔ)論文范文1500字

英語(yǔ)論文范文1500字第1篇英語(yǔ)論文范文1500字第1篇英文論文摘要格式

一、英文論文摘要的種類

摘要主要有三種：學(xué)術(shù)論文摘要，學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議摘要及由專門摘要撰寫者撰寫的摘要。

本文主要探討學(xué)術(shù)論文英文摘要。本文所選英文摘要例子均引自國(guó)內(nèi)外語(yǔ)類核心期刊，以體現(xiàn)該研究對(duì)象的代表性。Arbor認(rèn)為，根據(jù)撰寫方法的不同，學(xué)術(shù)論文摘要主要有兩種：一種是結(jié)果式摘要。這種摘要圍繞研究發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果為中心而撰寫，有時(shí)會(huì)附帶寫上基于發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果而得出的結(jié)論;另外一種是總結(jié)陳述式摘要，即對(duì)所撰寫論文的總結(jié)陳述。

還需要注意的是，這片摘要并沒(méi)有在研究結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上寫出據(jù)此得出的結(jié)論。選擇何種方法撰寫摘要，主要根據(jù)論文內(nèi)容所屬的研究類型和所采取的研究方法而定。本文認(rèn)為，一般情況下，采用定量研究方法的論文摘要多為“結(jié)果式”;采用定性研究方法的'論文摘要多為“總結(jié)陳述式”。

二、英文摘要的結(jié)構(gòu)要素

黃國(guó)文將英文摘要的結(jié)構(gòu)要素歸納為六個(gè)：主題闡述、背景信息、目的陳述、方法論和語(yǔ)料、研究結(jié)果、發(fā)現(xiàn)和研究所帶來(lái)的啟示和結(jié)論，并指出并非所有的論文摘要都完全包括這六個(gè)要素，“事實(shí)上，一些成分是必選的，而其他成分是可有可無(wú)的”。

Slade也認(rèn)為,“一篇摘要必須包括簡(jiǎn)明扼要的主題闡述，主要發(fā)現(xiàn)及意義，還有結(jié)論”?！罢幸欢ㄒ蟹椒ê驼撐膬?nèi)容的重要詞句，這樣，此篇摘要才會(huì)在電腦中被搜索到，進(jìn)而讓讀者決定是否閱讀”。所以，在撰寫摘要時(shí)，要根據(jù)具體的論文明確判斷哪些要素是摘要必須包括的。

三、英文摘要的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)

1.英文摘要語(yǔ)句中主語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)

2.英文摘要的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)

時(shí)態(tài)上，摘要也具有其自身的特點(diǎn)。Arbor認(rèn)為，表示總結(jié)的語(yǔ)句通常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);表示結(jié)果的語(yǔ)句可用過(guò)去時(shí)。Arbor還指出，“現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)用于表示結(jié)果的語(yǔ)句這一情況通常易發(fā)生在自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域而少發(fā)生在社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域”?！爸饔^用語(yǔ)的使用也易發(fā)生在自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域”。

四、英文論文摘要的書寫方法

摘要是論文內(nèi)容的簡(jiǎn)要陳述，是一篇完整的、可以獨(dú)立使用的短文，因而必須具有自含性。即：讀者即使不閱讀論文的全文也可以從摘要中獲得必要的、與論文等量的信息，以判斷有無(wú)必要閱讀全文。摘要一般應(yīng)包括研究題目的選擇理由和目的;研究的方法或者過(guò)程;研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)或者成果。

五、摘要格式

英文主標(biāo)題格式：可選用本模板中的樣式所定義的“論文英文主標(biāo)題”，或手動(dòng)設(shè)置(TimesNewRoman，四號(hào)，加粗，居中，段前段后均為0行，單倍行距)。

英文副標(biāo)題格式：可選用本模板中的樣式所定義的“論文英文副標(biāo)題”，或手動(dòng)設(shè)置(TimesNewRoman，小四，加粗，居中，段前行，段后0行，單倍行距)。

英文標(biāo)題下空一行為英文摘要。英文摘要正文格式：可選用本模板中的樣式所定義的“英文摘要正文”或手動(dòng)設(shè)置(TimesNewRoman，小四，行距為固定值20磅)。英文摘要后空一行，另起一行列出英文關(guān)鍵詞。“Keywords：”格式：首行縮進(jìn)2字符，TimesNewRoman，小四，加粗?！癒eywords：”后緊接英文關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞之間用分號(hào)間隔，最后一個(gè)末尾不加標(biāo)點(diǎn)。英文關(guān)鍵詞全部小寫。英文關(guān)鍵詞格式：TimesNewRoman，小四，行距為固定值20磅。

英語(yǔ)論文范文1500字第2篇英文論文字體格式

相信很多同學(xué)都會(huì)接觸到英文論文，那么英文論文的文章字體用多大合適呢?字體格式有什么要求?讓我們就來(lái)給大家簡(jiǎn)單科普一下吧!

英文論文字體格式

一、論文的題目要求

1、論文題目以最恰當(dāng)、最簡(jiǎn)明的詞語(yǔ)反映論文中最重要的特定內(nèi)容的邏輯組合，并有助于選定關(guān)鍵詞和編制目錄

2、論文題目不能用縮略詞、首字母縮略詞、字符、代號(hào)和公式等

3、論文題目一般不超過(guò)20個(gè)字

4、論文題目語(yǔ)義未盡可用副標(biāo)題補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明

二、論文摘要的要求

應(yīng)具有獨(dú)立性和自含性，是一篇完整的短文，它說(shuō)明論文的主要思想、結(jié)構(gòu)框架，或研究工作的`目的、實(shí)驗(yàn)方法、結(jié)果和最終結(jié)論

三、論文的關(guān)鍵詞

每篇論文必須選中3--5個(gè)中、英文關(guān)鍵詞，以顯著的字符另起一行，排在其對(duì)應(yīng)摘要的左下方，中文關(guān)鍵詞盡可能用《漢語(yǔ)主題詞表》等詞表提到的規(guī)范詞

四、論文的字體及字號(hào)格式

1、英文統(tǒng)一使用MicrosoftWord軟件中的TimesNewRoman字體，所用中文使用“宋體”字體

2、內(nèi)封大標(biāo)題使用“粗體三號(hào)字”，內(nèi)封其他信息使用“粗體四號(hào)字”

3、正文大標(biāo)題使用“粗體小三號(hào)字”，章節(jié)標(biāo)題使用“粗體四號(hào)字”

4、正文使用字體為TimesNewRoma，大小為12font(也就是小四)“小四號(hào)字”，正文中成段的引文使用“五號(hào)字”

5、行距為或2倍行距，段與段之間需要空一行

6、對(duì)齊方式為左對(duì)齊或者兩側(cè)對(duì)齊(總之，左起必須頂格)

7、Reference(參考文獻(xiàn))必須另起一頁(yè)，且不計(jì)入文章字?jǐn)?shù)

相關(guān)閱讀

英文論文范文

ImplicationofCulturalDifferencesonInternationalBusinessNegotiations

Abstract

Businessnegotiationsunderdifferentculturalconditionsareculturalnegotiations.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationandfrequentbusinesscontacts,culturaldifferenceshave

becomeveryimportant.Iftheyareneglected,theycouldcauseunnecessarymisunderstanding,orevenunderminetheresultofbusinessnegations.Therefore,itisofgreatsignificancetoknowdifferentculturesofdifferentcountriesaswellaswaystoavoidculturalconflictsinthecontextofinternationalbusinessnegotiations.Thepaperbeginswiththedefinitionofculture,analyzesthecausesofculturaldifferencesandexplainstheimpactofculturaldifferencesoninternationalbusinessnegotiationsfromthreeperspectivesofcommunicationprocess,negotiationstyleandvaluesconcept.Finally,itanalyzeseffectivewaystodealwiththeproblemarisingfromculturaldifferencesinthenegotiationprocess.Thepaperstressesthatinbusinessnegotiationsbetweendifferentcountriesnegotiatorsshouldaccepttheotherparty'sculture,trytomakehimbeacceptedandmakeacorrectevaluationwithhelpofeffectivecommunications.Inaword,forsuccessfulculturalnegotiations,culturaldifferencesneedtobeperceived,acceptedandmostimportantlyplayeddown.

Keywords:cultureculturaldifferencebusinessnegotiationimpact

Contents

1.Culturaldifference…….………..……...…………...…......4

Thedefinitionofculture……..............….....4

Thecausesofculturaldifferences……………..………......4

Geographicaldifferences………..………………....….....4

Ethnicdifferences…………..………………....................4

Politicaldifferences…………..………….………….…...4

Economicdifferences…………………..….……….…....4

Religiousdifferences……..………….......4

Theconceptofdifference…………………...……….......5

ImportanceofinternationalbusinessnegotiationsonCulturaldifferences…………….…..5

2.Culturaldifferencesontheimpactofinternationalbusinessnegotiations…………………..………...........5

Communicationprocess……………...…...……...…....…..5

Negotiatingstyle…...…..……..……………...……….…...8

Values………………...…………....….……..…….......…..8

Ethics………..……..………………...…..8

Sense………..……………..……….…....8

ConceptofCollective…………………....8

Conceptoftime……….....8

3.Howtodealwithinternationalbusinessnegotiationsandculturaldifferences……..…………........9

英語(yǔ)論文范文1500字第3篇英文論文致謝

Acknowledgements:

Iwouldliketograntoceansofthankstoallmyrespectedteachersandfriendswhohaveofferedmecordialassistanceduringthetwoandahalfyears.

Firstandforemost,IoweaspecialdebtofgratitudetomyrespectedsupervisorProfessorLiChangbao,forhispatientguidance,insightfulsuggestionsandthroughthewholeprocessofmythesis.Withouthisandinvaluablesuggestions,itwouldreallybeadifficulttaskformetocompletethisthesisbymyself.

Specialthanksshouldalsogotoalltheexcellentprofessorswhohavetaughtmeinthisuniversityoverthepasttwoyears,forleadingmeintothefieldofresearchwork,andgivingmetremendousinspiration,courageandconfidenceduringmystudyhere.Theirinsightfullectureshavemademystudydelightfulandenjoyable.

Finally,IamalsodeeplyindebtedtoallmyfamilymembersandfriendsfortheirencouragementwhichinspiresmeeverytimewhenIhavenomotivationtocontinue.

Imustmentionallmyroommates,whogivemeacomfortableatmospheretostudyanddomealotoffavorwhenIneedhelp.

Acknowledgements:

Iwouldliketoextendmydeepgratitudetoallthosewhohaveofferedmealotofhelpandsupportintheprocessofmythesiswriting.

Firstandforemost,mysincerethanksgotoProfessorLiChangbao,mysupervisor,whohasofferedmenumerousvaluablecommentsandsuggestionswithandencouragedmeprofoundlythroughoutmypostgraduatestudy.Withouthispainstakingteachingandinsightfuladvice,thecompletionofthisthesiswouldhavebeenimpossible.

Also,Iowemanythankstoalltheprofessorswhohavetaughtmeduringmypreviousstudyinthisuniversity,forleadingmeintoachallengingyetfascinatingfieldofacademicresearch.TheprofitthatIgainedfromthemwillbeoftomyfutureresearch.

Lastbutnotleast,Iamdeeplyindebtedtomyfamilyandfriends,whohavehelpedmeandsharedwithmemyworries,frustrations,andhappiness.

Acknowledgements:

ThewritingofaPhDdissertationisnotaneasytask,especiallyforsomeonewhohasjustbegunheracademicjourney.Duringtheevolutionofthisdissertation.Iamdeeplyindebtedtoanumberofpeoplewhohaveguidedandsupportedmeinmanyways.

Iwouldliketoexpressmyutmostgratitudetomyresearchsupervisor.ProfessorShenLiforhersincereandselflesssupport,promptandusefuladviceduringmyresearch.Shegivesmealifetimeunforgettablememoryofherbenevolence,patience,intelligence,diligenceanderudition.

MygratitudealsogoestoProfessorChuXiaoquan,QuWeiguoandShenYuanoftheDepartmentofEnglish,CollegeofForeignLanguagesandLiterature,FudanUniversity.Theygavemesubstantialsuggestionsfortherefinementofthisdissertationduringmypre-oraldefense.

IwouldalsoliketothankProfessorZhangChunbaioftheCollegeofForeignLanguages,EastChinaNormalUniversity.ProfessorHuangGuowenoftheCollegeofForeignLanguages,ZhongshanUniversityandProfessorWangTongshunoftheCollegeofForeignLanguages,ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,forcarefulreviewofmydissertationandtheirvaluablecomments.

IwouldliketoextendmyspecialthankstoProfessorWuZhongweiofInternationalCulturalExchangeSchool.FudanUniversity.BeingmysupervisorduringtheMAstudies,heawakenedmyinterestinSLAandTCSOLinparticular.ThesamegratitudealsogoestoProfessorChenLiangminoftheDepartmentofFrench,CollegeofForeignLanguagesandLiterature,FudanUniversity.HeintroducedmetheeleganceoftheFrenchlanguagewhichIchoseasmymajorforbachelor'sstudyandIwouldneverforgetwhatIhavelearntfromhim.

MyspecialthanksalsogotomymentorProfessorShenXiaoxiaoofInternationalCulturalExchangeSchool.FudanUniversity.Heprovidedmetremendousguidanceandsupportformyadministrativeworkasmasterstudents'counselorandbuiltaperfectmodelofateacher,anadvisorandaleader.

IamalsogratefultoMmeZhangShiyu'LiLin.ShenAnyiandHeShijinfortheirspiritualsupportduringmyproject.Iamalwaysindebtedtotheencouragementstheygaveme.

Lastlyandmostimportantly.Iwouldliketoacknowledgetheendlesssupport,encouragementpatienceandunderstandingofmyfamily.TheygavemetheincentivetodothisworkandhaveputupunquestioninglywiththedifficultpersonthatIhadbecomeinthelastfewcriticalmonthsoffinalizingthisdissertation.Ilovethemforever.

Acknowledgements:

Firstandforemost,IwouldliketosendmysinceregratitudetomysupervisorProfessorLiChangbao.Withouthisdevotedguidanceduringthewholecoursefromtheselectionofthetopictothefinalmanuscriptandtheeffortshehasmadetorevisethemanuscript,thisthesiswouldnotbewhatitisnow.Meanwhile,duringthepasttwoandhalfyears,healsoprovidedmewithvaluablesuggestionsaboutstudyandlifewhichmaybenefitmeinmywholelife.

Hightributeshallalsobepaidtoalltheteacherswhohavetaughtmeduringmygraduatestudy.Profoundandintelligent,theyendowedmewithnewinsightstowardsmystudy.Amongthoseteachers,IamreallygratefultoMr.TengChaoandMs.ChenXianghongwhoaresogentleandconsideratetosharewithmetheimportantmaterialsIneedwhenwritingthethesis.

Finally,Iamindebtedtomyparentsandfriendswhohavealwayssupportedmeandencouragedmeduringthecourseofthethesiswriting.

Acknowledgements:

Theacconq)lishmentofthisthesisisowingtotheunreservedinstructionandpersistentendeavourfromalotofpeople,towhomIwouldexpressmysinceregratitude,forthisthesiscan'tcomeintobeingwithouttheirjointeffort.

Firstandforemost,mysincerestthanksgotomydistinguishedsupervisor,ProfessorShaoZhihong,whoisalwaysgrantingmeconstantinstruction,andshowingmeanenlightmentwhenI'minconfusion.Fromthethesisproposal,structuretothecontent,hehasgivenpreciousinspiration.Iamdeeplyencouragedbyhisprofoundknowledge,insightfulteachingandconscientiousmodification.

Secondly,mysincereappreciationalsogoestoallcourseinstructorswhoseexcellentprofessionandgoodvirtuehavepresentedmewithwisdomandintuition.Thanksfortheirgeneroussharingwhichhaspreparedmeforthethesis.

Finally,I'dliketoextendmythankstomyparentsandmyfriendswhooftengivemecareandencouragementintheprocessofmystudy.Undertheirlove,IcangowithstrongmotivationandpowerandthatnowIcanbehere,completingmypostgraduatestudysmoothly.

Acknowledgements:

Beforeconcludingthisthesis,Iwouldliketotakethepreciousopportunitytoextendmywholeheartedgratitudetoallwhohavebeenhelpingmewithmyaccomplishmentofthispaper.

Firstandforemost,Iowemydeepestgratitudetomydistinguishedsupervisor,ProfessorYanJinglan,whoempoweredmewithinspirationandinstruction,guidedmeincollectionofabundantm