殺死一只知更鳥-英文畢業(yè)論文讀后感

ReflectiononNovelToKillAMockingbirdToKillaMockingbirdistheonlysuccessfulnovelofHarperLee.ThestorytakesplaceinAlabamaduringtheDepressionintheearly20thcentury.Threekids,Scout,DillandJimliketheMockingbird,akindofFinch.theyusetheireyesto見證了一個(gè)個(gè)事件的發(fā)生和結(jié)局。Whichdelvingintohumanity,法制，正義，道義andissuesofsocietyunderthesettingofAmerica。ShortSummaryThestorytakesplaceinAlabamaduringtheDepression,andisnarratedbythemaincharacter,alittlegirlnamedJeanLouise"Scout"Finch.Herfather,AtticusFinch,isalawyerwithhighmoralstandards.Scout,herbrotherJem,andtheirfriendDillareintriguedbythelocalrumorsaboutamannamedBooRadley,wholivesintheirneighborhoodbutneverleaveshishouse.Legendhasitthatheoncestabbedhisfatherinthelegwithapairofscissors,andheismadeouttobeakindofmonster.DillisfromMississippibutspendshissummerinMaycombatahouseneartheFinch's.ThechildrenarecurioustoknowmoreaboutBoo,andduringonesummercreateamini-dramatheyenactdaily,whichtellstheeventsofhislifeastheyknowthem.Slowly,thechildrenbeginmovingclosertotheRadleyhouse,whichissaidtobehaunted.TheytryleavingnotesforBooonhiswindowsillwithafishingpole,butarecaughtbyAtticus,whofirmlyreprimandsthemformakingfunofasadman'slife.Next,thechildrentrysneakingovertothehouseatnightandlookingthroughitswindows.Boo'sbrother,NathanRadley,wholivesinthehouse,thinkshehearsaprowlerandfireshisgun.Thechildrenrunaway,butJemloseshispantsinafence.Whenhereturnsinthemiddleofthenighttogetthemback,theyhavebeenneatlyfoldedandthetearfromthefenceroughlysewnup.OthermysteriousthingshappentotheFinchchildren.AcertaintreeneartheRadleyhousehasaholeinwhichlittlepresentsareoftenleftforthem,suchaspennies,chewinggum,andsoapcarvedfiguresofalittleboyandgirlwhobearastrikingresemblancetoScoutandJem.Thechildrendon'tknowwherethesegiftsarecomingfrom,andwhentheygotoleaveanoteforthemysterygiver,theyfindthatBoo'sbrotherhaspluggeduptheholewithcement.Thenextwinterbringsunexpectedcoldandsnow,andMissMaudie'shousecatchesonfire.WhileJemandScout,shivering,watchtheblazefromneartheRadleyhouse,someoneputsablanketaroundScoutwithoutherrealizingit.NotuntilshereturnshomeandAtticusasksherwheretheblanketcamefromdoessherealizethatBooRadleymusthaveputitaroundherwhileshewasentrancedbywatchingMissMaudie,herfavoriteneighbor,andherburninghouse.AtticusdecidestotakeonacaseinvolvingablackmannamedTomRobinsonwhohasbeenaccusedofrapingaverypoorwhitegirlnamedMayellaEwell,amemberofthenotoriousEwellfamily,whobelongtothelayerofMaycombsocietythatpeoplerefertoas"trash."TheFinchfamilyfacesharshcriticismintheheavilyracistMaycombbecauseofAtticus'sdecisiontodefendTom.But,Atticusinsistsongoingthroughwiththecasebecausehisconsciencecouldnotlethimdootherwise.HeknowsTomisinnocent,andalsothathehasalmostnochanceatbeingacquitted,becausethewhitejurywillneverbelieveablackmanoverawhitewoman.Despitethis,Atticuswantstorevealthetruthtohisfellowtownspeople,exposetheirbigotry,andencouragethemtoimaginethepossibilityofracialequality.BecauseAtticusisdefendingablackman,ScoutandJemfindthemselveswhisperedatandtaunted,andhavetroublekeepingtheirtempers.AtafamilyChristmasgathering,ScoutbeatsuphercloyingrelativeFranciswhenheaccusesAtticusofruiningthefamilynamebybeinga"nigger-lover".Jemcutsoffthetopsofanoldneighbor'sflowerbushesaftershederidesAtticus,andaspunishment,hastoreadoutloudtohereveryday.Jemdoesnotrealizeuntilaftershediesthatheishelpingherbreakhermorphineaddiction.WhenrevealingthistoJemandScout,Atticusholdsthisoldwomanupasanexampleoftruecourage:thewilltokeepfightingevenwhenyouknowyoucan'twin.Thetimeforthetrialdrawscloser,andAtticus'ssisterAlexandracomestostaywiththefamily.Sheisproperandold-fashionedandwantstoshapeScoutintothemodeloftheSouthernfeminineideal,muchtoScout'sresentment.Dillrunsawayfromhishome,wherehismotherandnewfatherdon'tseeminterestedinhim,andstaysinMaycombforthesummerofTom'strial.Thenightbeforethetrial,Tomismovedintothecountyjail,andAtticus,fearingapossiblelynching,standsguardoutsidethejaildoorallnight.Jemisconcernedabouthim,andthethreechildrensneakintotowntofindhim.AgroupofmenarrivereadytocausesomeviolencetoTom,andthreatenAtticusintheprocess.AtfirstJem,ScoutandDillstandaside,butwhenshesensestruedanger,Scoutrunsoutandbeginstospeaktooneofthemen,thefatherofoneofherclassmatesinschool.Herinnocencebringsthecrowdoutoftheirmobmentality,andtheyleave.ThetrialpitstheevidenceofthewhiteEwellfamilyagainstTom'sevidence.AccordingtotheEwells,MayellaaskedTomtodosomeworkforherwhileherfatherwasout,andTomcameintotheirhouseandforciblybeatandrapedMayellauntilherfatherappearedandscaredhimaway.Tom'sversionisthatMayellainvitedhiminside,thenthrewherarmsaroundhimandbegantokisshim.Tomtriedtopushheraway.WhenBobEwellarrived,heflewintoarageandbeather,whileTomranawayinfright.Accordingtothesheriff'stestimony,Mayella'sbruiseswereontherightsideofherface,whichmeansshewasmostlikelypunchedwithalefthand.TomRobinson'sleftarmisuselessduetoanoldaccident,whereasMr.Ewellleadswithhisleft.Giventheevidenceofreasonabledoubt,Tomshouldgofree,butafterhoursofdeliberation,thejurypronounceshimguilty.Scout,JemandDillsneakintothecourthousetoseethetrialandsitinthebalconywithMaycomb'sblackpopulation.Theyarestunnedattheverdictbecausetothem,theevidencewassoclearlyinTom'sfavor.Thoughtheverdictisunfortunate,Atticusfeelssomesatisfactionthatthejurytooksolongdeciding.Usually,thedecisionwouldbemadeinminutes,becauseablackman'swordwouldnotbetrusted.Atticusishopingforanappeal,butunfortunatelyTomtriestoescapefromhisprisonandisshottodeathintheprocess.Jemhastroublehandlingtheresultsofthetrial,feelingthathistrustinthegoodnessandrationalityofhumanityhasbeenbetrayed.Meanwhile,Mr.EwellthreatensAtticusandotherpeopleconnectedwiththetrialbecausehefeelshewashumiliated.HegetshisrevengeonenightwhileJemandScoutarewalkinghomefromtheHalloweenplayattheirschool.Hefollowsthemhomeinthedark,thenrunsatthemandattemptstokillthemwithalargekitchenknife.Jembreakshisarm,andScout,whoiswearingaconfininghamshapedwirecostumeandcannotseewhatisgoingon,ishelplessthroughouttheattack.TheelusiveBooRadleystabsMr.Ewellandsavesthechildren.Finally,ScouthasachancetomeettheshyandnervousBoo.Attheendofthisfatefulnight,thesheriffdeclaresthatMr.EwellfellonhisownknifesoBoo,theheroofthesituation,won'thavetobetriedformurder.ScoutwalksBoohomeandimagineshowhehasviewedthetownandobservedher,JemandDillovertheyearsfrominsidehishome.Boogoesinside,closesthedoor,andsheneverseeshimagainCommentsThenovelcoversseveralthemes,delvingintohumanity,issuesofsocietyunderthesettingofAmericaduringtherecessionintheearly20thcentury.MajorThemeGoodandEvilToKillaMockingbirdisanexplorationofhumanmorality,andpresentsaconstantconversationregardingtheinherentgoodnessorevilnessofpeople.Atticus,fatherofScoutandJem,alsoplaystheroleofteacher,forhischildrenandhistown.Atticusbelievesthatpeopleusuallycontainaspectsofbothgoodandevil,butthatgoodwillusuallyprevail.Atticusteachesthistohischildren,butalsotothetown,asheworkstodefendTomRobinson,aninnocentblackmanaccusedofrapingawhitewoman.IntheracisttownofMaycombintheheartofAmerica'sSouthduringtheDepressionera,thisisaHerculeantask.Despitethechallengeofovercomingthetown'sdeeplyingrainedracismandforcingpeopletochangetheirsocialperspectives,Atticusstruggleson,becausehebelievesthatoneday,goodnesswillprevailovertheevilsofracismandracialequalitywillexist.MajorThemeEducationShortlyafterthenovelbegins,Scoutstartsherfirstyearatschool.TheeducationalsysteminMaycombleavesmuchtobedesired.ScoutisaheadofherclassmatesbecauseAtticushastaughthertoreadandwrite,andCalpurniahaseventaughtherscript.However,onceherteacherdiscoversthis,shepunishesScoutandtellshernottolearnanythingelseathome,becauseherfatherdoesnotknowhowtoteachherproperly.Thisisthefirstclearconflictbetweeninstitutionalizededucationandeducationinthehome.MajorThemeSocialInequalityScoutelucidatesthetown'ssocialstrataquiteclearlyonherfirstdayatschoolwhenWalterCunninghamdoesnothavelunchorlunchmoney.HerclassmatesaskhertoexplaintotheteacherwhyWalterwon'ttakealoanedquartertobuylunch,andshelecturestheteacherontheCunningham'sfinancialsituationandhowtheytradegoodsforservices.Scoutandtheotherchildrenhaveaveryclearunderstandingofthesocialinequalitiesintheirtown,butseetheseinequalitiesasnaturalandpermanent.TheFinchfamilyfallsratherhighupinthesocialhierarchy,whiletheEwellfamilyfallsatthebottom.However,thishierarchyonlyincludeswhitepeople.Maycomb'sblackpopulationfallbeneathallwhitefamiliesinMaycomb,includingtheEwells,whomAtticuslabelsas"trash".MajorThemePerspectiveThroughoutthenovel,Atticusurgeshischildrentotrytostepintootherpeople'sshoestounderstandhowtheyseetheworld.WheneverScoutdoesn'tunderstandJem,Atticusencourageshertotrytounderstandhowhemightbefeeling.Usually,Scoutfindsthisadvicehelpful,andherattemptstogaininsightintootherpeople'sperspectivesonlifeandtheworldbroadenhermoraleducationandsocialunderstanding.MajorThemeRacismObviously,racismisamajorthemeofthenovel.DuringtheDepressionera,blackswerestillhighlysubjugatedmembersofsociety.Blackswerenotpermittedtocomminglewithwhitesinpublicsettings,asexemplifiedinthecourthousephysicalseparationofracesandintheclearlydistinctblackandwhiteareasoftown.Moreover,thingslikeintermarriagewerealmostunheardof,andsorelylookeddownupon.Throughoutthenovel,Scoutexploresthedifferencesbetweenblackpeopleandwhitepeople.TomRobinsonisconvictedpurelybecauseheisablackmanandhisaccuseriswhite.Theevidenceissopowerfullyinhisfavor,thatraceisclearlythesingledefiningfactorinthejury'sdecision.Atticusfightsagainstracism,andafewothertownspeopleareonhisside,includingMissMaudieandJudgeTaylor.JemandScoutalsobelieveinracialequality,butareobviouslyintheminority.WhenAtticuswins