Unit+3+Diverse+Cultures+Discovering+Useful+Structures 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructures一、簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略1.省略主語：祈使句中主語通常省略省略（Ellipsis)Shutup.(You)shutup.Soundslikeagoodidea.(It)soundslikeagoodidea.2.省略主謂或主謂語的一部分Thisway,please.(Youcome)

thisway,please.Gotanyink?(Haveyou)gotanyink?3.省略賓語—DoyouknowMissGao?—Idon’tknow(her).4.

省略表語—Areyouthirsty？—Yes,Iam(thirsty).5.省略系動(dòng)詞，主要用于口語中Everything(is)ingoodcondition.6.省略不定式(1)答語中的有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式做賓語時(shí)，可將其動(dòng)詞省略，而保留to，這樣的動(dòng)詞或短語常見的有want，wish，expect，hope，like，love，try，forget，prefer，mean，begoingto，beaboutto等。—Willyougowithme?—Yes,I’dliketo(gowithyou).(2)當(dāng)不定式在形容詞afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作狀語時(shí)，to后的內(nèi)容常省略。Youcan’tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe’snotreadyto(answerthequestion).(3)如果做賓語的不定式是be動(dòng)詞或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則需在to之后加上be或have?！狝reyouadoctor?—No,butIwanttobe(adoctor).—Hehasn’tfinishedhishomework.—Heoughttohave(finishedhishomework).(4)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式并列，第一個(gè)帶to，后面的?？墒÷詔o。MyjobistolookafterthechildrenandteachthemEnglish.但如果兩個(gè)不定式表示對(duì)比關(guān)系時(shí)，則to都不能省略。Tobefortheplanortobeagainstitdoesn’tmatter.(5)當(dāng)不定式做表語時(shí)，如果前面主語中出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do及其各種形式，則不定式中的to?？墒÷?。Whathewantstodoisgohome.(6)介詞but前面有動(dòng)詞do，后面的不定式可省略to。Hecandonothingbutliedownandsleep.(7)感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后面做賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式要省略to(help后的to可帶可不帶)，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不能省略。Isawaboyfalldownfromthetree.I’llhelpyou(to)dothework.Sheisoftenheardtosingasongintheclassroom.二、并列句中的省略1.若主語或賓語相同，省略共同的主語或賓語。Tompickedupabookonthefloorand(Tom)handedittohisteacher.2.若主語不同而謂語的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞相同，則省略后面的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.SallywillbearrivingtodayandAnn(willbearriving)tomorrow.3.若主語與謂語動(dòng)詞相同，則省略后面的主謂成分。Hisadvicemademehappy,but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.4.若主語不同，但主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要?jiǎng)釉~及后續(xù)部分。Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn’t(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).三、復(fù)合句中的省略1.賓語從句中的省略(1)在賓語從句中常省略連詞，但當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞之后跟兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞that可省略。Itrulybelieve(that)

beautycomesfromwithin.Hetoldme

(that)

shewasabeautifulgirlandthatshewasclever.(2)when，where，which，how，why等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，若與前面內(nèi)容有重復(fù)，可將其省略，僅保留疑問詞。IknowthatamoviestarwillcometoourcitybutIdon’tknowwhen(hewillcometoourcity).Pleasepassmeoneofthesebooks,Idon’tcarewhich(youpassme).(3)當(dāng)用I’mafraid，Ithink，Ibelieve，Ihope，Iguess等做答句時(shí)，后面常用省略形式。so表示贊同前述的事實(shí)，not表示不贊同前述的事實(shí)?！狣oyouthinkitwillrain?—Iguessso.Ihopeso.

我希望如此。Ihopenot.

我希望不會(huì)。I’mafraidso/not.

恐怕如此/不是。Ithink/believe/guess/expect/supposeso.(4)在與suggest，request，order，advise等詞有關(guān)的名詞性從句中，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用虛擬語氣形式，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。Isuggestedthatwe(should)holdameetingtonight.2.定語從句中的省略(1)在限制性定語從句中做賓語的關(guān)系代詞that，which，who，whom可省略，但whom，which緊跟在介詞后時(shí)不能省略。Heisoneofthemen

(whom)Icantrust.ThefirminwhichDickworkedhasgonebankrupt.(2)theway作先行詞，在定語從句中作狀語，關(guān)系代詞可省略。Thisistheway(that/inwhich)helearnsEnglish.(3)定語從句中的“關(guān)系代詞＋助動(dòng)詞be”可以省略。Theticket

(that/whichwas)

bookedbyhissisterhasbeensenttohim.Theboy(that/whois)standingunderthetreeismybrother.3.狀語從句中的省略(1)在時(shí)間、條件、方式或讓步狀語從句中，若謂語含有be動(dòng)詞，且從句的主語與主句的主語相同或是it時(shí)，則從句的主語和be常被省略。省略句中的謂語動(dòng)詞和主語之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則使用現(xiàn)在分詞；若構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則使用過去分詞；若謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則使用不定式。Becarefulwhen

(youare)crossingthestreet.When(thenovelis)published,thenovelwillbecomeoneofthebestsellers.Whenever(itis)

possible,theywouldstophimandaskhimthethreequestions.(2)在比較狀語從句中，than或as后面的部分可省略。I’mtallerthanshe

(is).Ihatehimasmuchasyou

(hatehim).Shelooksolderthanmymother(does).4.虛擬語氣中的省略在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣中，如果從句中含有助動(dòng)詞were，had(done)，should，則可省去if，把were，had，should提到從句句首。IfJohnwerehere,hewouldknowwhattodo.＝WereJohnhere,hewouldknowwhattodo.Ifanythinghadhappened,hewouldhaveletherknow.＝Hadanythinghappened,hewouldhaveletherknow.用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列句子1.Isthereanyoneheretowaitonus?→__________________________________________________________2.HeisaprogrammerandIamaprogrammer,too.→__________________________________________________________3.Itsoundsinteresting.→__________________________________________________________4.Iworkinafactoryandmybrotherworksonafarm.→__________________________________________________________Anyoneheretowaitonus?HeisaprogrammerandIam,too.Soundsinteresting.Iworkinafactoryandmybrotheronafarm.5.We’reboundtowinsomeday,butwhenarewetowin?→_______________________________________________________________6.Whoisthemanwhomyouweretalkingto?→_______________________________________________________________7.Whenitisheated,apieceoficewillturnintowater.→_______________________________________________________________8.Althoughhewashard-working,hecouldn’tearnenoughtosupporthimself.→_______________________________________________________________9.Theydon’tusemorewaterthanitisnecessary.→_______________________________________________________________We’reboundtowinsomeday,butwhen?Whoisthemanyouweretalkingto?Whenheated,apieceoficewillturnintowater.Althoughhard-working,hecouldn’tearnenoughtosupporthimself.Theydon’tusemorewaterthannecessary.10.Ifshewerehere,shewouldagreetoo.→______________________________________________________________11.Heorderedthatweshouldgooutatonce.→______________________________________________________________12.IfThomasEdisonhadstoredhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.→______________________________________________________________Wereshehere,shewouldagreetoo.Heorderedthatwegooutatonce.HadThomasEdisonstoredhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.單句語法填空1.—Doyouthinkourteamwillwin?—Idon’tthink____________.2.—Will