河南省TOP二十名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月沖刺英語試卷（解析版）（一）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省TOP二十名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月沖刺（一）英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowwillLilygotoLondon?A.Bytaxi.B.Byear.C.Byair.2.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Acleaner.B.Ahotelattendant.C.Ashopassistant.3.Whatwouldthewomanliketochoose?A.Ahalf-daytour.B.Afull-daytour.C.Anighttour.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Attendatrainingclass.B.Learnfromhersister.C.Buyaguitar.5.WhichplaceinNewYorkintereststhemanmost?A.TheStatueofLiberty.B.TimesSquare.C.Broadway.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheposterabout?A.Friendship.B.Environment.C.Language.7.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisdoingtheproject?A.Satisfied.B.Amazed.C.Nervous.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhichprogramcanHenryjoin?A.JuniorCamp.B.VarsityCamp.C.UpperCamp.9.WhatsportdoesHenrylove?A.Skating.B.Swimming.C.Playingbasketball.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Motherandson.C.Husbandandwife.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Planningabeachholiday.B.Interviewingacustomer.C.Makingacomplaint.12.Whywasthemandissatisfiedwiththefirsthotel?A.Itwastoonoisyoutside.B.Itdidn’tofferbreakfast.C.Itwasn’tnearabeach.13.Wheredidthemanliveforthesecondnight?A.InMoonHotel.B.InWhiteHotel.C.InSevenCloudHotel.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesthewomanparticularlywantAmytodo?A.Havefun.B.Learnsomethingnew.C.Makesomenewfriends.15.WhatdoweknowaboutCampApplause?A.Childrenovertencanjoinit.B.ItisalittlefarfromAmy’shouse.C.Therearenoswimmingclasses.16.Whatwillthecouplehavetopayextrafor?A.AT-shirt.B.Meals.C.Accommodation.17.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cookdinner.B.PickupAmy.C.Buyvegetables.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Howdidthecustomersoundwhilementioninghiswife?A.Delightedandcaring.B.Sorrowfulandproud.C.Patientandcurious.19.Whathappenedtothespeakeroneday?A.Shewasthoughthighlyof.B.Shewasinvitedtoplaygolf.C.Shewasadvertisedforacourse.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttotellus?A.Loveyourwife.B.Listentoothersmore.C.TreatcustomerslikeGod.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABestOverall:LectroFanEVOSoundMachineWhyYouShouldGetItThiscompact,stylish,andaffordablewhitenoisemachineisveryeasytouse.Withatimer,aheadphoneconnector,andalargerangeofsounds,you’llbeabletofindtherightsetupforyou.That’swhereitcomesintomaskallthatunwantedenvironmentalnoise—orlackof—soyoucangetmorerest.KeepinMindThedeviceisn’tbattery-operated,soit’llneedtostaypluggedintoapowersource.Itdoeseverythingyouneeditto,andthensome,foraveryreasonableprice.Itplaysnon-repeatingdigitalnoiseinarangeofcolors:Ithas10fansounds,10environmentalnoisesounds—includingpinkandbrownnoise,andtwooceansoundscapes.Thedeviceissupersimpletouse,andonceyou’vepickedyourfavoritetypeofnoise,itwillbesavedinthesettings,andthemachinewillautoplaythatsoundeachtimeyouturniton.Thespeakerproducesaclearandcrispsound,andthere’sawidevolumerange.Italsocomeswithanoptionaltimeryoucansetbetweenonetoeighthours,orplaycontinuously,plusa3.5mmconnectorforheadphonesifyourpartnerisn’tquiteaskeenonwhitenoiseasyouare.It’scompactenoughtotraveleverywherewithyou,andaswhitenoisemachinesgo,itlooksprettygood,too.Itcertainlywon’tlookoutofplaceonyourbedsidetable.YoucanpowertheLectroFanEVOviaUSBortheincludedA/Cadaptor,butitdoesn’thaveaninternalbattery,soitdoesneedtobepluggedin.Priceattimeofpublish:$35ProductDetails:Dimensions:It’s4.7incheslongand3.3inchesinheight.Itswidthisthesameasitslength.|Soundoptions:22|Timer:Yes|Power:Plug-in1.Whatisthedevicementionedusedtodo?A.Avoidnoises. B.Enjoynature. C.Helpsleepwell. D.Listentomusic.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthedevicefromthetext?A.Itworkswithbatteries. B.Itdoesn’tdisturbothers.C.Ithasonenaturenoise. D.Itstimer’ssetupisfixed.3.Howwideisthedevice?A.3.3inches. B.4.7inches. C.6.8inches. D.10inches.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了LectroFanEVOSoundMachine設(shè)備的優(yōu)點、價格等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyYouShouldGetIt部分中“That’swhereitcomesintomaskallthatunwantedenvironmentalnoise—orlackof—soyoucangetmorerest.(這就是它的作用，它可以掩蓋所有不需要的環(huán)境噪音——或者缺乏噪音——這樣你就可以得到更多的休息)”可知，這款設(shè)備可以讓你睡得更好。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KeepinMind部分中“Italsocomeswithanoptionaltimeryoucansetbetweenonetoeighthours,orplaycontinuously,plusa3.5mmconnectorforheadphonesifyourpartnerisn’tquiteaskeenonwhitenoiseasyouare.(它還有一個可選的定時器，你可以設(shè)置在1到8小時之間，或者連續(xù)播放，如果你的伴侶不像你那么喜歡白噪音，它還有一個3.5毫米的耳機(jī)接口)”可知，該設(shè)備有一個3.5毫米的耳機(jī)接口，可以避免干擾別人。故選B。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProductDetails部分中“It’s4.7incheslongand3.3inchesinheight.Itswidthisthesameasitslength.(它長4.7英寸，高3.3英寸。它的寬度和長度是一樣的)”可知，此設(shè)備的寬度和長度一樣，是4.7英寸。故選B。BAtjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.Bekele’srevolutionaryconcept,presentedthroughabrieftwo-minutevideo,centersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,pricedatlessthan$10perbar,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivate(重新激活)dendriticcells—thebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskin—tofightagainstskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”ispassionforbiologyandtechnologywasthedrivingforcebehindthisingeniouscreation,andthe3MYoungScientistChallengeprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtoshowcasehisvisionaryideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.Toaidhiminrealizinghisbigplans,hereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialistat3M,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientists.Eventually,thepathforwardforBekele’screationincludesobtainingFDAapproval.Duringhispresentationatthe3MglobalheadquartersinSaintPaul,Minnesota,Bekelepassionatelyarticulatedhisvisionofturningthesoapintoa“symbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall”.Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Nicole”meaninparagraph1?A.Hero B.Winner. C.Example. D.Specialist.5.HowdidBekelegettheideaofhisinvention?A.Hewasguidedbyrelevantexperts. B.Hewatchedavideoaboutscience.C.Hesawpeopleworkinthehotsun D.Hedealtwithscientistsinthefield.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Giftedandreliable B.Creativeandadaptable.C.Humbleandenthusiastic D.Caringandambitious7.Whatisthetextprobably?A.Achildren’sstory. B.Amedicalpaper. C.Anewsreport. D.Adiaryentry.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要講述了年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明—抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出、成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的冠軍?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap”可知，年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明——抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出，成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的贏家。故劃線詞意思是“贏家”。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.(回顧他的靈感，貝克勒分享了他在埃塞俄比亞的童年在塑造他的創(chuàng)造性思維方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。目睹人們在烈日下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意識到長時間暴露在陽光下的風(fēng)險)”可知，當(dāng)Bekele在童年時目睹了在烈日下不知疲倦地工作的人們時、他有了發(fā)明抗皮膚癌肥皇的想法。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.(貝克勒在接受《華盛頓郵報》采訪時表示:“我不僅想讓我的想法在科學(xué)上與眾不同，而且想讓廣大觀眾都能接受?！?”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個非營利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)給服務(wù)不足的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實用的解決方案)”可知，Bekele是一位充滿愛心和雄心勃勃的人。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradeteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.(年僅14歲的赫曼·貝克勒成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的Nicole，憑借其創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)明——皮膚癌治療皂，從其他九名決賽選手中脫穎而出。為了表彰他的杰出成就，這位九年級少年將獲得2.5萬美元的現(xiàn)金獎勵)”可知，文章首段為報道的主題、下文具體介紹了背景、細(xì)節(jié)等，故本文可能是一篇新聞報道。故選C。CHaveyoueverleftthehousewithoutajacketonawarmday,onlytoregretoverestimatingyourfreezingweathertolerance?Insteadofdashingbackhomeforyourcoat,theremaycometimeinthenearfuturewhenyousimplyuseanapptocontrolyourclothing’slevelofinsulation(隔熱).CreatedbyresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).Amongtheuses,clothingfiledwiththenewLCEfibercouldadjustthestructuretobecomemoreinsulatedincoldertemperatures,andviceversaforwarmerweather.Withanadditionalabilitytocombinewithelectricallyconductivethreads,awearercoulddirectlycontroltheirFibeRoboclothingormedicalwearableslikecompressionclothingviawirelessinputsfromacontrollerorsmartphone.Asdetailedinarecentinstituteprofile,LCEsarecomposedofmolecules(分子)possessingliquid-likepropertiesthatcanalsoarrangeintoperiodiccrystalformationsoncecool.Importantly,theteam’snewLCEcanbeflexiblebetweenitsphasesatsafe,comfortabletemperaturelevels—anindustryfirst.Theresultisafibercapableofcontractingwhenexposedtoheat,andself-reversingastemperaturesdropwithoutanyexternalsensorsorinterwovencomponents.What’smore,FibeRoboisflexibleandstrongenoughtousewithintraditionalmanufacturingmethodslikeembroidery,weavinglooms,andknittingmachines.“Attheendoftheday,youdon’twantatop-classfiber.”JackForman,anMITgraduatestudentandpaperleadauthor,saidinastatement.“Youwantafiberthat,whenyouareworkingwithit,fallsintothegatheringofmaterials—onethatyoucanworkwithjustlikeanyotherfibermaterial,butthenithasalotofexcitingnewcapabilities.”Whilemanycurrentsmarttextile(紡織品)projectsaretryingtoreinventhowapersoncaninteractwiththeirclothing,theseclothingenterprisesperhapsmayonedayexpandthenumberofclothesinyourcloset.Meanwhile,thisnewestversionmayactuallydownsizeyourwardrobe.8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?A.Offersomeexamplestoprove.B.Leadthereaderstothetopic.C.ProvidebackgroundinformationD.Summarizethemainideaofthetext.9.WhatisspecialabouttheLCE?A.Itisshape-changing.B.Itcontainsliquid.C.Itiswearable.D.Itischeap.10.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheclothingwithFibeRobo?A.Unconcerned.B.DoubtfulC.Opposed.D.Hopeful.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FibeRobo:aSmartFiberB.LCEs:UniqueMoleculesC.ACreativeApplicationD.ANew-StyleEnterprise〖答案〗8.B9.A10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明的一種依賴于液晶彈性體的廉價、可控制、可變形的智能纖維FibeRobo?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的問題“Haveyoueverleftthehousewithoutajacketonawarmday,onlytoregretoverestimatingyourfreezingweathertolerance?(你是否曾經(jīng)在一個溫暖的日子里沒穿外套就出門了，結(jié)果卻后悔高估了自己對寒冷天氣的耐受力?)”和下文“Insteadofdashingbackhomeforyourcoat,theremaycometimeinthenearfuturewhenyousimplyuseanapptocontrolyourclothing’slevelofinsulation(隔熱).(在不久的將來，你可能不需要急匆匆地回家拿外套，只需要使用一款應(yīng)用程序就可以控制衣服的隔熱水平)”可推知，作者在第一段中用一個問題來為讀者引入文章的話題。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Importantly,theteam’snewLCEcanbeflexiblebetweenitsphasesatsafe,comfortabletemperaturelevels—anindustryfirst.(重要的是，該團(tuán)隊的新型LCE可以在安全、舒適的溫度水平下靈活地在各個階段之間切換，這是業(yè)界首創(chuàng))”和第四段中“Theresultisafibercapableofcontractingwhenexposedtoheat,andself-reversingastemperaturesdropwithoutanyexternalsensorsorinterwovencomponents.(其結(jié)果是，這種纖維在受熱時能夠收縮，在溫度下降時能夠自我逆轉(zhuǎn)，而無需任何外部傳感器或交織組件)”可知，LCE的特別之處在于它可以隨著溫度改變形狀。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).(FibeRobo是一種廉價、可編程、可變形的智能纖維，它依賴于液晶彈性體)”、第四段中“What’smore,FibeRoboisflexibleandstrongenoughtousewithintraditionalmanufacturingmethodslikeembroidery,weavinglooms,andknittingmachines.(更重要的是，F(xiàn)ibeRobo足夠靈活和堅固，可以在傳統(tǒng)的制造方法中使用，如刺繡、織布機(jī)和編織機(jī))”和最后一段中“Meanwhile,thisnewestversionmayactuallydownsizeyourwardrobe.(與此同時，這個最新版本可能會縮小你的衣櫥)”可推知，作者盡數(shù)了FibeRobo的優(yōu)點，故對以它為材料的服飾寄予希望。故選D項。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合第二段中“CreatedbyresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).

FibeRoboischeap,programmable,shape-changingsmartfiberreliantonaliquidcrystalelastomer(LCE).(由麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)的研究人員創(chuàng)造。FibeRobo是一種廉價、可編程、可變形的智能纖維，它依賴于液晶彈性體)”可知，本文主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明的一種依賴于液晶彈性體的廉價、可控制、可變形的智能纖維FibeRobo，故“FibeRobo:aSmartFiber(FibeRobo：智能纖維)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項。DAnoveralltransformationisneededfortheplanettoadaptpeople’spursuitofwell-being.AnewstudybyaninternationalteamofresearchersexploresaTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyasadriverofatransformativeprocessbasedonalearningsociety.TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople’sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.Inmanyways,oureverydaylivesarelinkedwithallotherlifeonEarth.AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy’sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級)planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.Hesays,“Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality.”Thecurrentstrategyforasustainablefutureemphasizeseconomicandtechnologicalprogress，butthatisnotenough.Learningisneeded,too.Alearningsocietyreliesonchangesinitscitizens’values,beliefsandworldviews.“Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,”saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.Havinganexperienceofbelongingtoandbeingpartoftheworldstrengthenspeople’ssenseofmeaningfulnessandtheiragencyneededinbuildingasustainablefuture.Thetransformativepowerofalearningsocietycanbeakeyfactorinthegreentransformationgoingintoallsociety,inwhichcitizens’consumerbehaviourandwaysofliving,movingandproducingfoodandenergyareorganizedinnewways.Conceptionsofworkandtheeconomycanbereformed,too.Asustainablefutureisnotaboutlifebecomingmoremiserable—it’saboutlifebecomingricherandmoremeaningfulashopeforthefuturegrowsstronger.12.WhyisTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogymentioned?A.Tostresslearningtobeonewiththeworld.B.Tosuggestreformingcitizens’waysofliving.C.Todescribehowthetheoryisbeingimproved.D.Totellifasustainablefutureissignificant.13.WhatisthemainreasonforincreasingglobalcrisesaccordingtoProfessorSalonen?A.Theplanetisreachingitslimits.B.Humansbreakawayfromthereality.C.Oldideasofwell-beingarebeingquestioned.D.Progressineconomyandtechnologyisunbalanced.14.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Asustainablefutureisbasedonalearningsociety.B.Humans,societiesandtheworldwereconnectedmore.C.Endingthepresentstrategyforfutureisneeded.D.Globalcriseshaveresultedinwrongworldviews.15.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Byintroducingatheory. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byusingresearchers’arguments. D.Byprovidingstudyprocesses.〖答案〗12.A13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要探討了在一個充滿全球危機(jī)的時代，學(xué)會與世界融為一體變得越來越重要，而可持續(xù)的未來要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會的基礎(chǔ)上?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheTheoryofPlanetarySocialPedagogyisawayoflearningapplicabletoallsocietalsectors.Accordingtoit,people,societiesandtheworldareaninterlinked,systemicbody.Suchaworldviewcanmakelifemeaningful,increasepeople’sexperiencesofbelongingandinclusion,expandthescopeofcare,andhelppeopleidentifytheiropportunitiestoinfluence.(行星社會教育學(xué)理論是一種適用于所有社會部門的學(xué)習(xí)方式。根據(jù)該理論，人、社會和世界是一個相互關(guān)聯(lián)的系統(tǒng)性整體。這樣的世界觀可以讓生活更有意義，增加人們的歸屬感和包容感，擴(kuò)大關(guān)懷的范圍，并幫助人們發(fā)現(xiàn)自身的影響力機(jī)會。)”和文章第三段“Inatimemarkedbycrises,learningtobeonewiththeworldisincreasinglyessential.(在一個充滿危機(jī)的時代，學(xué)會與世界融為一體變得越來越重要。)”可推知，文章提及行星社會教育學(xué)理論的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)會與世界融為一體。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級)planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality(行星危機(jī)升級背后最重要的原因是人們與周圍現(xiàn)實的脫節(jié))”可知，ProfessorSalonen認(rèn)為全球危機(jī)不斷上升背后的主要原因是人們脫離周圍現(xiàn)實。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其是后四段可知，我們處在一個充滿全球危機(jī)的時代，學(xué)會與世界融為一體變得越來越重要，而可持續(xù)發(fā)展的未來需要人類不斷學(xué)習(xí)，即可持續(xù)的未來要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會的基礎(chǔ)上。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AccordingtoProfessorArtoO.SalonenoftheUniversityofEasternFinland,thestudy’sleadauthor,themostimportantreasonbehindtheupgrading(升級)planetarycrisesispeople’sbeingseparatedfromtheirsurroundingreality.(該研究的主要作者、東芬蘭大學(xué)的阿爾托·O·薩洛寧教授表示，地球危機(jī)升級背后最重要的原因是人們與周圍的現(xiàn)實環(huán)境分離。)”、第四段“Hesays,“Aswetryforacomprehensivesustainabilitytransition(轉(zhuǎn)變),weneedincreasinglypowerfulandmoresystemicinterpretationsofreality.”(他說:“當(dāng)我們嘗試全面的可持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)型時，我們需要對現(xiàn)實進(jìn)行越來越有力和更系統(tǒng)的解釋?！?”和第五段““Howwebecomeawareofoureverydayconnectiontootherpeopleandnatureatthelevelofouremotions,bodyandmindstandsatthecoreofthesustainabilitytransition,”saysErkkaLaininen,aco-authorofthestudy.(該研究的合著者ErkkaLaininen說:“我們?nèi)绾卧谇楦小⑸眢w和思想的層面上意識到我們與他人和自然的日常聯(lián)系，這是可持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)型的核心?！?”可推知，作者主要通過引述研究者的相關(guān)論述來說明主題，即可持續(xù)的未來要建立在學(xué)習(xí)型社會的基礎(chǔ)上。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenyouhavemanytaskstoaccomplishonagivenday,thereareafewdifferentapproachesyoucantaketokick-startyourproductivity.Youcan“eatthefrog”,thatis,youcangetyourhardest,mostdemandingresponsibilityoutofthewaybeforeanythingelse.____16____Here’swhythatmightbeabetterfitforyou.Whenyoueatthefrogandtakeonadifficulttaskrightaway,youaresupposedtofocusonitabsorbedlyandgetitalldone.Theproblemwiththatisthesmaller,boringresponsibilitiesarestuckinyourhead.____17____Knockingthoseoutfirstcouldclearthepathyouneedtoreallygetintodeepworkwhenit’stimetodosomethingmorechallengingortime-consuming.Ingeneral,thetaskyou’rescaredorprocrastinating(拖延的)onthemostisprobablytheonethat’sgoingtotakethemosteffort.____18____I’mgreatatfocusingonbigprojectsandterribleatdoingthelittletasks.Icansitdowntowritealongessay,butsometimeswillputoffaonerforweeks,onlytorealizeittookmeallof15minutestocomplete.Thekeytoselectingasmalltasktodofirsteverydayisidentifyingoneyouknowwillbeeasy,butwillresultinsomekindofrewardfeelinginyourbrain.Whetherit’seasyornotdoesn’tmatteraslongasyou’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover.___19______20___UseasystemliketheEisenhowermatrixorKanbantofigureoutwhatyouactuallyneedtodo,thenselectsomethingfromthatcategorythatyou’llbeabletogetdonequicklyandefficiently,getitoutoftheway,andbaskintheaccomplishmentasyoumoveforwardwithyourdayanditsmoredifficultdemands.A.Butthatdoesn’talwayshavetobetrue.B.Ontheotherhand,youcouldpickoutsomethingespeciallyeasyfirst.C.Thisalwaysmakesitseemlikeotherbigtasksyouneedtohandlearesimple.D.Thatfeelingofaccomplishmentcanbelargeandcanendyourdaywithaneasywin.E.Youmaynotbeabletofocusifyou’repreoccupiedwithabunchofotherlittlethings.F.Andpickingsomethingyoudon’texactlywanttodoisaneasywaytomakesurethathappens.G.Beyondthat,youshouldmakeahabitofsortingyourresponsibilitiesbytimelinessandimportance.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.A19.F20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)你在某一天有很多任務(wù)要完成時，先做一些特別簡單的事情對你來說可能更合適。【16題詳析】上文“Youcan“eatthefrog”,thatis,youcangetyourhardest,mostdemandingresponsibilityoutofthewaybeforeanythingelse.(你可以“吃掉青蛙”，也就是說，你可以在做任何事情之前，把你最難、最苛刻的責(zé)任放在首位)”說明你可以先把最困難、最艱巨的任務(wù)處理掉，以及下文“Here’swhythatmightbeabetterfitforyou.(這就是為什么它可能更適合你)”中abetterfit〖提示〗空處應(yīng)與上文形成對比，B項“另一方面，你可以先挑選一些特別容易的東西。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳析】上文“Theproblemwiththatisthesmaller,boringresponsibilitiesarestuckinyourhead.(這樣做的問題是，那些瑣碎無聊的責(zé)任一直縈繞在你的腦海中)”說明會有一些小事情干擾你，以及下文“Knockingthoseoutfirstcouldclearthepathyouneedtoreallygetintodeepworkwhenit’stimetodosomethingmorechallengingortime-consuming.(當(dāng)你需要做一些更具挑戰(zhàn)性或更耗時的事情時，先把它們剔除可以為你真正深入工作掃清道路)”說明要把這些小事情排除在外，為你真正進(jìn)入深度工作掃清道路，E項“如果你全神貫注于一堆其他小事，你可能無法集中注意力?！闭f明這些小事情的壞處，即會讓你無法集中注意力，并引出下文的具體做法，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳析】上文“Ingeneral,thetaskyou’rescaredorprocrastinatingonthemostisprobablytheonethat’sgoingtotakethemosteffort.(一般來說，你最害怕或拖延的任務(wù)可能是花費最多精力的任務(wù))”以及下文“I’mgreatatfocusingonbigprojectsandterribleatdoingthelittletasks.Icansitdowntowritealongessay,butsometimeswillputoffaonerforweeks,onlytorealizeittookmeallof15minutestocomplete.(我擅長專注于大項目，而不擅長做小任務(wù)。我可以坐下來寫一篇長文，但有時我會把一篇論文拖上幾個星期，最后才意識到我花了整整15分鐘才完成)”舉例說明自己善于把最害怕或最容易拖延的任務(wù)很快完成，該例子說明上文表達(dá)的最害怕或最拖延的任務(wù)可能是最需要花費精力的任務(wù)這一點并不總是正確的。A項“但事實并非總是如此?！币鱿挛?，符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳析】上文“Thekeytoselectingasmalltasktodofirsteverydayisidentifyingoneyouknowwillbeeasy,butwillresultinsomekindofrewardfeelinginyourbrain.Whetherit’seasyornotdoesn’tmatteraslongasyou’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover.(每天首先選擇一項小任務(wù)的關(guān)鍵是識別一項你知道很容易完成的任務(wù)，但會在你的大腦中產(chǎn)生某種獎勵感。簡單與否并不重要，只要結(jié)束后你會感覺良好即可)”說明不管每天第一個要做的小任務(wù)是否容易，只要你在結(jié)束時感覺良好就沒關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)闡述如何做到結(jié)束小任務(wù)時有良好感覺，F(xiàn)項中的that指的是上文you’llfeelgoodwhenit’sover，F(xiàn)項“選擇一些你不想做的事情是確保這種情況發(fā)生的簡單方法?！迸c上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳析】下文“UseasystemliketheEisenhowermatrixorKanbantofigureoutwhatyouactuallyneedtodo,thenselectsomethingfromthatcategorythatyou’llbeabletogetdonequicklyandefficiently,getitoutoftheway,andbaskintheaccomplishmentasyoumoveforwardwithyourdayanditsmoredifficultdemands.(使用艾森豪威爾矩陣或看板這樣的系統(tǒng)來找出你真正需要做什么，然后從這一類別中選擇一些你能夠快速高效地完成的事情，把它排除在外，并在你的一天和更困難的需求中享受成就)”說明應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成按照及時性和重要性來分類你的任務(wù)的習(xí)慣，G項“除此之外，你應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成一個習(xí)慣，按照及時性和重要性來劃分你的職責(zé)。”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Aheroicsheepdogbecamethebeacon(燈塔),ofhopeforthreetrappedewes(母羊)asitswamacrossfloodedfieldstoguidethemtosafety.LlyrDerwydd,a44-year-oldfarmeroriginatingfromtheneighboringofRuthin,foundhimselfina___21___situationonafatefulFridayafternoon.WhileconductingaroutinecheckonhissheepinFlintshire,he___22___aheartbreakingsight—threeeweswere___23___stuckonadecreasingpieceoflandwithinthefield,cutoffbythecrowdingfloodwaters.Giventhedangerousconditionsthattherisingwatersposed,itwas___24___thatarescuemissionrequiredaspecial___25___.Inthiscriticalmoment,thatheroturnedouttobenoneotherthanthequick-thinkingsheepdog,Patsy.Derwyddtoldthetenseexperience,___26___,“Werealizedweneededtoactquicklytoensurethesafetyofthetrappedewes.Thesmallpieceoflandtheywereonwasreducingrapidly,andthe___27___wasincreasing.”Ina___28___attempttorescuetheewes,hemadeadaringdecision.Withasenseofurgencyintheair,heconsideredwhetherPatsy,hisloyalsheepdog,wouldrisetothe___29___.Asilentcommandwasissued,andPatsy,withunwaveringdetermination,tookthe___30___.Itwasamoment___31___withdanger,asthetruedepthofthewaterremainedunknown.Yet,Patsy’sinbornswimmingabilitiesandstrongresolve___32___herforward.Withouthesitation,shebravedthedangerouswaterstoreachthetrappedewes.Derwydd___33___hisamazement,saying,“Iknewshewasquiteagoodswimmer;___34___,Iwouldn’thavetakenthechance.However,evenIwassurprisedbyhercourageandskill.Shedidn’t___35___down;shejustswamwithcompletedetermination.”21.A.familiar B.risky C.strange D.common22.A.madeup B.soughtfor C.putoff D.cameacross23.A.helplessly B.patiently C.tirelessly D.doubtfully24.A.possible B.similar C.obvious D.interesting25.A.sheepdog B.hero C.ewe D.farmer26.A.stating B.responding C.demanding D.clarifying27.A.curiosity B.conflict C.crisis D.attraction28.A.casual B.careless C.calm D.courageous29.A.opportunity B.choice C.appearance D.occasion30.A.dive B.lead C.place D.trip31.A.mixed B.consumed C.ended D.compared32.A.dropped