人教版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊UNIT1 Part 2 Learning About Language Using Language練習(xí)含答案

Part2LearningAboutLanguage&UsingLanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyoua(pure)personalviewonhowwecanmakethebestuseoftime.

2.Inthe1960s,aGermanscientistmadearemarkable(find)whenobservinghoneybees.

3.(initial),thecomputersystemworkedwell,butthenitappearedtohavesomeimperfections.

4.Itisreportedthatthehousepricesinsomecitieshavedecreased10%inthepastseveralyears.

5.(2024福建福州一中模擬)Butyrate(丁酸鹽)playsavitalroleindirectingthebody'sresponseto(infect).

6.Somepeopleblamethesmartphonetheirabsenceofmind.Yetinfact,people'sweakeningself-controlshouldberesponsible.

7.(2021天津3月)Afterseveral(frustrate)hoursofunsuccessfulattemptstofixit,myhusbandsuggestedwatchingtheMichaelJordandocumentary(紀(jì)錄片)seriesTheLastDance.

8.Theprofessor(cast)anadmiringglanceattheboywhenheexpressedanamazingidea.

Ⅱ.單元語法專練題型(一)1.Theonlywaytogethereisbyboat,whichiswearrived.

2.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwashescoredthewinninggoal.

3.Theoldbuilding,behindwhichwasafamousuniversity,wasIusedtowork.

4.Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

5.HewonfirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcompetition.Thisistheteacherpraisedhim.

6.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Thecoreofyourrelationshipisyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

7.(2019江蘇)Thequestion,however,isthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.

8.Thenumberofsnakeshaddeclined.Herealizedthatitwasthereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.

題型(二)1.那就是我們學(xué)校的許多學(xué)生選擇閱讀電子書的原因。Thatisinourschoolreadelectronicbooks.

2.我的問題是她是否會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加演講比賽。sheisgoingtotakepartinthespeechcontestontime.

3.如果把筷子的一部分放在水里,它們看起來就像斷了一樣。(asif;虛擬語氣)Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooks.

4.我的建議是,如果你想上理想的大學(xué),你應(yīng)該從現(xiàn)在開始努力學(xué)習(xí)。Myadvicefromnowonifyouwanttogotoyouridealuniversity.

能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024重慶一中月考)Robotsinspacewillbeextracting(提取)goldfromasteroids(小行星)withintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.PeterDiamandis,thefounderofPlanetaryResources,saidthecompanyattemptstomaketheresourcesofspaceavailabletohumanity.Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.Thesewillbeusedtosearchfortherighttypeofasteroids.TheplanistousecommerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.Diamandispredictsthattheycouldhavetheirversionofaspace-basedpetrolstationupandrunningby2025.Severalscientistsnotinvolvedintheprojectarguedthattheprojectwasdaring,difficultandverypricey.Theydonotseehowitcouldbecost-effective.ButthefounderofPlanetaryResourceshasatrackrecordinprofitingfromthespaceexplorationbusiness.Diamandiswasthefirstpersontosellridesintospacetotourists.“Beforewestartedsendingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatitwasaridiculousidea,”Diamandissaid.“Thisisalong-termproject.Butit'snotacharity.We'llmakemoney.”Theideathatasteroidscouldbeminedforresourceshasbeenaroundforyears.Thereareprobably1,500asteroidsthatpassnearEarthandthatwouldbegoodinitialtargets.Theyareatleast50meterswide,andDiamandisfigurestenpercentofthemhavewaterandothervaluableminerals.RichardBinzel,professorofPlanetaryScienceattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,says,“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.ButyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveonsavingEarthfromover-exploitation.”1.Whatissupposedtobethefirststepoftheproject?A.SendingrobotsintoEarth'sorbit.B.Sendingsometelescopesintospace.C.Buildingaspace-basedpetrolstation.D.Usingroboticshipstoextractrocketfuel.2.HowdidDiamandisusetomakemoneyfromthespaceexplorationbusiness?A.Byextractinggoldfromasteroids.B.Byprovidingspacetravelfortourists.C.Bybeingthefirstpersontogointospace.D.Bysellingticketstotourists'ridesintospace.3.WhatdoesRichardBinzelthinkoftheproject?A.Itisrisky.B.Itiscomplex.C.Itisworthwhile.D.Itisdemanding.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MiningAsteroidsB.HumansandAsteroidsC.SpaceExplorationinProgressD.TheProjectofExtractingMineralsⅡ.七選五(2024陜西榆林月考)CharacteristicsofanexcellentscientistThedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeofoneormoresciences,especiallynaturalsciences.1Let'slookatsomecharacteristicsofanexcellentscientist.

CuriosityAnexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.ScientistssuchasThomasEdisonandGeorgeWestinghousediscoveredthingsmainlybecausetheywantedtoknowhowthingswork.2

PatienceBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.3Evenifyouthinkyouhavereceivedsomeeducationinscience,youstillhavealotofscientificresearchtodo.Ifyou'reaninstant-gratificationtypeofperson,thismaynotbethebestchoiceforyou.

Ethical(道德的)qualitiesInordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople'slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.4Stickingtoanoldbeliefincontradictiontoproofisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn'tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.

Workinghabits5He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat'sneeded,andhe/shealsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.Networkingconnectshim/herwithcolleaguesworkingonsimilarprojectswherehe/shemaydiscoversomethingnew.

A.Tomakediscoveries,youhavetothinkdifferently.B.Thereareveryfewjobsthattakelongerthanthisone.C.Italsodefinesascientistassomeonewhousesscientificmethods.D.Oneofthemainplacesthatmanyscientistsworkinistheresearchlaboratory.E.Anexcellentscientisteventakesnotesofthesmallestobservationandkeepsitinmind.F.Ascientistmustreportfindingshonestlyregardlessofpersonalinterestsorpublicopinion.G.Withoutadrivetoaskquestionsorevenwonder,ascientistwillnevergettothefirststageofthescientificprocess.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2024廣西跨市聯(lián)合適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練檢測)Inhighschool,Ididascientificexperiment.Theexperimentmademe1thatsciencecouldteachusalot.Itteachesusthe2soweknowwherewearefrom.Thatday,Ifirmly3tobeascientist.Eversincethatday,Ihavestudiedharder4inallmyscience-relatedsubjects.Afterschool,IdomuchresearchonhowIcanbecomea5scientistinthefuture.

Oneofmy6formybecomingascientistisBarbaraMcClintock,whowasawardedthe1983NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.At25,shealreadyhadherPhDinbotany.Afterthat,shestartedher7astheleaderinthedevelopmentofmaizecytogenetics(玉米細(xì)胞遺傳學(xué))andshe8herselftothatresearchfortherestofherlife.

IfIamluckyandgiventhe9toachievemyambitionasascientist,IwanttobelikeDoctorMcClintock.She10somethingthathelpedtheotherscientists11thethingsaboutgenetics.

IknowIwillbeabletoachievemy12aslongasIputmyheartandperseveranceintoit.IfIachievemygoal,Iwillsharemy13ofsuccesswithallthekidswhoalsolovescienceandwanttobecomescientists.Myfuturewillbeas14asthestarsinthenightsky.However,myfutureisstillfar.Iwillmakethemostofthe15toachievemygreatestambitionofbecomingascientist.

1.A.suspectB.wonderC.realizeD.value2.A.schoolB.originC.growthD.study3.A.refusedB.volunteeredC.continuedD.decided4.A.especiallyB.possiblyC.properlyD.separately5.A.happyB.popularC.realD.careful6.A.experiencesB.persuasionsC.generationsD.inspirations7.A.attemptB.careerC.praiseD.tradition8.A.devotedB.invitedC.limitedD.decreased9.A.reasonB.freedomC.rightD.opportunity10.A.heardB.expectedC.discoveredD.awarded11.A.setoutB.figureoutC.stickoutD.breakout12.A.dreamB.rewardC.fameD.stage13.A.fortuneB.locationC.lightD.secret14.A.brightB.capableC.proudD.brave15.A.lessonB.presentC.mindD.heart

答案與分層梯度式解析UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSPart2LearningAboutLanguage&UsingLanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.purely考查副詞。空格后是形容詞personal,所以此處用副詞修飾形容詞,purelypersonalview意為“純粹的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)”。故填purely。2.finding考查名詞?？崭裉幾鱩ade的賓語,由前面的不定冠詞a可知應(yīng)填名詞finding。3.Initially考查副詞。設(shè)空處位于句首,在句中作狀語,修飾整個(gè)句子,應(yīng)用副詞。故填I(lǐng)nitially。4.by考查介詞。此處指某些城市的房價(jià)在過去幾年里下降了10%,decreaseby...表示“下降了……”。故填by。5.infection考查名詞。空格處作介詞to的賓語,此處指身體對感染的反應(yīng),應(yīng)用infect的名詞形式。故填infection。6.for考查介詞。blamesth.forsth.意為“把某事歸咎于某物”,此處指有些人把心不在焉歸咎于智能手機(jī)。故填for。7.frustrating考查形容詞。設(shè)空處修飾其后的名詞hours,應(yīng)用以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞。故填frustrating。8.cast考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。空格處是主句的謂語動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)語境和時(shí)間狀語從句中謂語的時(shí)態(tài)可知,主句也用一般過去時(shí),故填cast。castaglanceat...意為“看……一眼”。Ⅱ.題型(一)1.how句意:到達(dá)這里的唯一途徑是乘船,這就是我們?nèi)绾蔚竭_(dá)(這里)的?！皐earrived”是表語從句,結(jié)合句意可知設(shè)空處在從句中作方式狀語,表示“如何”,故填how。

2.when句意:對這個(gè)足球明星來說,最好的時(shí)刻是他踢進(jìn)決勝球的時(shí)刻?！癶escoredthewinninggoal”是表語從句,結(jié)合句意可知設(shè)空處在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,故填when。

3.where句意:那座古老的建筑是我過去工作的地方,在它的后面有一所著名的大學(xué)?！癐usedtowork”是表語從句,結(jié)合句意可知設(shè)空處在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。

4.what“myfatherhastaughtme”是表語從句,設(shè)空處在從句中作taught的直接賓語,表示“父親教我的道理”,故填what。

5.why句意:他在英語寫作比賽中獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。這就是老師表揚(yáng)他的原因?！皌heteacherpraisedhim”是表語從句,結(jié)合句意可知設(shè)空處表示“……的原因”,故填why。

6.that句意:你們的關(guān)系的核心是你們將一直在一起互相幫助。空前為系動(dòng)詞is,所以設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,且從句“youwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother”意思完整,不缺成分,故應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)表語從句。7.whether句意:然而,問題是,這是不是發(fā)展中國家最需要的。空前為系動(dòng)詞is,所以設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,且從句“thisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost”不缺成分,但根據(jù)“Thequestion”可知,設(shè)空處表示“是否”,故應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)表語從句。8.because句意:蛇的數(shù)量減少了。他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆]有足夠的樹木來保護(hù)它們免受高溫的侵襲?！皌hereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat”是表語從句,結(jié)合句意可知設(shè)空處表示“因?yàn)椤?故填because。

題型(二)1.whymanystudents;chooseto2.Myquestioniswhether3.asiftheywerebroken4.isthatyoushouldstudyhard能力提升練Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃從小行星上提取黃金等寶貴的礦物質(zhì)和燃料。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.”可知,該項(xiàng)目的最初階段是往太空發(fā)射一系列私人望遠(yuǎn)鏡。故選B。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Beforewestartedsendingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatitwasaridiculousidea...Thisisalong-termproject.Butit'snotacharity.We'llmakemoney.”可知,Diamandis以前通過為游客提供太空旅行來獲取利益。故選B。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段RichardBinzel說的話“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.ButyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveonsavingEarthfromover-exploitation.”可推知,RichardBinzel認(rèn)為這個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目是值得開發(fā)的。故選C。4.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句“RobotsinspacewillbeextractinggoldfromasteroidswithintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.”和第二段第三句“TheplanistousecommerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.”可知,這篇文章主要介紹了一個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃從小行星上提取黃金等寶貴的礦物質(zhì)和燃料。故選A。【高頻詞匯】1.availableadj.可獲得的2.launchv.發(fā)射3.searchfor尋找4.targetn.目標(biāo)5.perspectiven.視角6.demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的【熟詞生義】backv.支持長難句原句RobotsinspacewillbeextractinggoldfromasteroidswithintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.分析本句為主從復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,asplanned為狀語從句的省略形式。譯文如果一個(gè)由硅谷億萬富翁支持的新項(xiàng)目按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行,太空中的機(jī)器人將在十年內(nèi)提取來自小行星的黃金。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。成功絕非偶然,凡是成功的科學(xué)家都有一些特別的品質(zhì)。1.C細(xì)節(jié)句。空格處上句“Thedictionarydefinesascientistasaperson...sciences.”說明了字典對科學(xué)家這一名詞的解釋和理解。C項(xiàng)“它還將科學(xué)家定義為使用科學(xué)方法的人”接著解釋這一名詞,與上句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系,符合邏輯,其中“also”是關(guān)鍵信息。故選C。2.G細(xì)節(jié)句。空格處為段尾句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Curiosity”和第一句“Anexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.”可知,該段說明科學(xué)家要具備的一個(gè)特征就是有好奇心。空格處應(yīng)該與“好奇心”有關(guān),所以G項(xiàng)“如果一個(gè)科學(xué)家沒有發(fā)問甚至好奇的動(dòng)力,他就永遠(yuǎn)無法進(jìn)入科學(xué)過程的第一階段”符合語境,其中關(guān)鍵信息是“questions”和“wonder”。故選G。3.B細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Patience”和空格處上句“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.”可知,成為科學(xué)家需要很長的時(shí)間并且需要一定的耐心。由此推知空格處應(yīng)該介紹與“耐心”有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。所以B項(xiàng)“很少有工作比這個(gè)工作需要更長的時(shí)間”符合語境,其中關(guān)鍵信息是“takelonger”。故選B。4.F細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Ethicalqualities”和空格處下文“Stickingtoanoldbeliefincontradictiontoproofisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn'tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.”可知,科學(xué)家要誠實(shí)、堅(jiān)持真理,這是科學(xué)家特征的體現(xiàn)。由此推知,空格處應(yīng)該介紹與科學(xué)家的“道德品質(zhì)”有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。F項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家必須誠實(shí)地報(bào)告研究結(jié)果,而不考慮個(gè)人利益或輿論”符合語境,其中關(guān)鍵信息是“honestly”。故選F。5.E細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Workinghabits”可知,本段主要講工作習(xí)慣。設(shè)空處下句“He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat'sneeded,andhe/shealsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.”介紹了科學(xué)家良好的工作習(xí)慣和工作能力。E項(xiàng)“一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家甚至?xí)浵伦钗⑿〉挠^察結(jié)果并牢記在心”也是工作習(xí)慣。故選E?！靖哳l詞匯】1.characteristicn.特征;特點(diǎn);品質(zhì)adj.典型的;獨(dú)特的2.definevt.給……下定義;界定;解釋3.scientificadj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的4.desiren.渴望;欲望v.渴望;期望5.affectv.影響;(疾病)侵襲;深深打動(dòng)6.beliefn.看法;信仰;信心【差距詞匯】instant-gratificationadj.即時(shí)滿足的長難句原句Inordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople'slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.分析本句為主從復(fù)合句。Inorderto...短語作目的狀語;since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,其中的并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列分句。譯文為了真正發(fā)現(xiàn)知識(shí)并使知識(shí)有更大的用處,科學(xué)家必須有改善人類生活和環(huán)境的愿望,因?yàn)檫@兩者是相互聯(lián)系的,而且從長遠(yuǎn)來看,它們會(huì)相互影響。Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了高中時(shí)期的作者在某次做實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)了科學(xué)能夠教會(huì)我們很多東西,自此作者立志成為一名科學(xué)家,盡管未來很遙遠(yuǎn),但作者會(huì)充分把握現(xiàn)在去實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想。1.C考查動(dòng)詞。后文“Itteachesusthe2soweknowwherewearefrom.”進(jìn)一步描述科學(xué)教會(huì)了我們的具體