2024年人教版中考復(fù)習(xí)【現(xiàn)在完成時】講義及練習(xí)

現(xiàn)在完成時知識提煉概念：①表示過去發(fā)生并且已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果；②過去某一時間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能還會持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(過去+完成+影響)IhavetaughtEnglishforthreeyears.(過去+持續(xù))二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/hasdone(動詞的過去分詞)注：現(xiàn)在完成時中have/has是助動詞，不是實義動詞三、動詞過去分詞的變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則變化：（同過去式規(guī)則變化一致）直接加ed。work→worked→worked 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾后直接加d。live→lived→lived change→changed→changed以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，把y改i，再加ed。study→studied→studied cry→cried→cried重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加ed。stop→stopped→stopped prefer→preferred→preferred不規(guī)則（書本）四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換肯定句： 主語+have/has+done 助動詞have/has可與前面的主語縮略為’ve,’s,如they’ve,he’s否定句： 主語+have/has+not+done havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t一般疑問句： Have/Has+主語+done...?回答： Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+have/hasn’t.特殊疑問句： 特殊疑問詞或詞組+have/has+主語+done...??？家族e點have/hasgoneto、have/hasbeento和have/hasbeenin區(qū)別（1）have/hasgoneto“去了未回”TomhasgonetoAmerica.（2）have/hasbeento“去過已回”常與表示次數(shù)：twice,once和just,never,ever的時間詞連用。TomhasbeentoAmericatwice.（3）have/hasbeenin去了某地，并待在那。常與for/since的時間詞連用。TomhasbeeninAmericafor5years.注意：當(dāng)?shù)攸c為home/here/there/abroad或以where開頭的問句時，記得要省略介詞。Wherehaveyoubeen?Hehasgonehome.六、時間標(biāo)志詞already（已經(jīng)）;yet（“仍，還”）;just（剛剛）Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(already肯中/末)=Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?(yet否/疑問末)Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.(just肯中)注：justnow為一般過去時的標(biāo)志詞，表示“剛才”Iturnedoffthelightjustnow.ever;never（從未）HaveyoueverbeentoChina?(ever疑/肯中)IhaveeverbeentoChina.IhaveneverbeentoChina.（never否/中）For;since（+過去時間點/ago/從過）IhavebeeninChinafor3years.(for+一段時間)IhavebeeninChinasince3yearsago.（since+時間點）Before;次數(shù)；sofar;recently;inthepast/last/recentfewyears,uptonowIhaveseenthismoviebefore.（before）IhavebeentoEnglandthreetimes.(次數(shù))Sofar,Ihavehad5pets.(sofar)Hehasboughtanicebookrecently.(recently)Hehasbeeninschoolinthepastfewyears.(inthepastfewyears)延續(xù)性動詞、非延續(xù)性動詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)標(biāo)志詞“for+段時間”，“since+過去時間點（含過去時從句）”，或“howlong”提問（2）動詞短暫變延續(xù)方式e/go/arrive—be(in/at)Eg:havebeen(in/at) buy—havegettoknow—know borrow—keepleave—beaway(from) bee—bejoin—bein/beamemberof marry—bemarrieddie—bedead begin—beon finishbeover close—beclosed open—beopenfallill—beill fallasleep—beasleep小牛試刀單項選擇1.

HaveyoumetMr.Li___?A.just

B.ago

C.before

D.amomentago2.HaveyoubeentoBeijing?No,I____.A.has

B.have

C.hasn't

D.haven't3.I____thefilmalready.A.saw

B.haveseen

C.see

D.willsee4.

Haveyouever____toCanada?A.be

B.are

C.been

D.is5.

He____WaterWorldlastyear.A.wentto

B.goesto

C.hasbeento

D.hasgoneto6.HaveyoueverbeentoSanya?Yes,I’ve____beentheretwice.already

B.never

C.neither

D.yet7.Tomhasn’tbeentoItaly____,buthehas___beentoAmerica.A.already,yet

B.yet,already

C.already,already

D.yet,yet8.Ihaven’tseenthefilm___.A.yet

B.ever

C.already

D.just9.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?I___yet.A.

didn’tdecide

B.won’tdecide

C.havedecide

D.haven’tdecided10.IhaveneverbeentoTokyo.____.A.

SodoI

B.SohaveI

C.NeitherhaveI

D.NeitherdoI答案：15:CDBCA610:ABADC用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

____youever_____(be)toAmerica?2.

____you____(find)yourwatchyet?3.

Areyouthirsty?

No,I___just___(have)someorange.4.

We____already_____(return)thebook.5.

Bothofthem_____(e)toHongkongtendaysago.6.

I______(notfinish)myhomeworkyet.7.

Cindy_____(join)thebookclublastweekandshe____(read)fourbooksalready.8.

He____（buy）aCDyesterday,buthe____(read)ityet.答案：1.Havebeen2.Havefound3.havehad4.havereturned5.came6.haven’tfinished7.joined,hasread8.bought,hasn’tread句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.（改為否定句）He____finishedhishomework_____.2.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.（改為否定句）I_______myhomework.3.IhavealreadybeentoBeijing.（改為一般疑問句并否定回答）_____you_____toBeijing_____?______,__________.4.YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore.（改為反意疑問句）YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore，_________?5.HehasworkedinBeijingforayear.（對劃線部分提問）_______________heworkedinBeijing?6.Emilydoesn’tdowellinChinese.Herbrotherdoesn’tdowellinChinese,either.（合并為一句）Emilydoesn’tdowellinChinese,________herbrother.答案：1.hasn’tyet2.haven’tfinished3.Have,yet;No,Ihaven’t4.Haveyou5.Howlonghas6.neitherdoes用for和since填空。1.Howlonghaveyoucollectedshell?_____nineyears.2.He'sskated_____morethanfivehours.3.Aliceran____twentyminutesyesterday.4.I’velearnedEnglish____Iwassevenyearsold.5.MymotherhastaughtEnglish_____lastyear.6.Shehascried_____thewholemorning.7.Greatchangeshavetakenplace______youleft.8.Hehaslivedhere_____hecametoCQ.9.Theboyhasbeenaway_____twohoursago.10.Shehasreadthebook______eighto’clock.答案：1.For2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.since8.since9.since10.since句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.

Iboughtthisbooktwodaysago.（改為同義句）I_________thisbooksincetwodaysago.2.

We’velivedinCQsincefiveyearsago.（改為同義句）We’velivedinCQ____________.3.

Ihavelivedhere

sinceIwasachild.（對劃線部分提問）_________

____

youlivedhere?4.

Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.（改為同義句）Thisfactory__________fortwentyyears.5.

Sheborrowedthedictionarythreeweeksago.（改為同義句）She________thedictionaryforthreeweeks.6.

Theoldmandiedlastyear.（改為同義句）Theoldman___________forayear.7.TheGreenfamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（改為同義句）_____twoyears____theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.（合并為一個句子）____________________________________________.答案：1.havehad2.forfiveyears3.Howlonghave4.hasbeenopen5.haskept6.hasbeendead7.It’ssince8.Thebushasbeenherefortenminutes.用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各種形式填空1.—WhereisJack?—He__________hiscountry.2.John__________Englandsincehecameback.3.Howlong__________you__________thisvillage?4.TheSmiths____