河南省周口市九師聯(lián)盟四月聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題【含答案解析】

高三英語考生注意：1．本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2．答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3．考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4．本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A．Watchaplay.B．Gofishing.C．VisitSusan.2．Howmuchmoredoesthemanneed?A．$200.B．$500.C．$700.3．Whydoesthewomanaskforaleavenextweek?A．Totravelaroundtheworld.B．Toattendawedding.C．Toholdaceremony.4．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Shopkeeperandcustomer.C．Coachandplayer.5．Whatisthemansupposedtodonext?A．Firethewoman.B．Watchagame.C．Playamatch.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthestreet.B．Inacollege.C．Inastore.7．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Sellsomeitems.B．Fixthemessageboard.C．Findalanguagepartner.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．Whatisprobablythewoman?A．Aneditor.B．Astudent.C．Ateacher.9．Whichcountrydoesthewomanthinkisbetterfortheman?A．TheUK.B．America.C．Canada.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Howlongdidthepartylast?A．Sevenhours.B．Sixhours.C．Twohours.11．Whenwillthemanhaveabigexam?A．ThisSaturday.B．NextTuesday.C．NextThursday.12．Whowillthemanmeettoday?A．Hisclassmates.B．Histeacher.C．Hisboss.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．HowdoesthewomanfeelabouttheearlymarriageinMalawi?A．Pleased.B．Uninterested.C．Shocked.14．WhatkindofpersonisChazeza’suncle?A．Self-centered.B．Kind-hearted.C．Cruel.15．WhohelpedChazezafinishhercollegeeducation?A．Hercolleague.B．Herparents.C．Hergrandfather.16．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Afamily.B．Aschool.C．Astory.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．WhatcanwelearnaboutAustralianfood?A．Itisthemostexpensive.B．Itishardtoaccept.C．Itisaffectedbymanycultures.18．WhatdoChinesestudentsprobablythinkofnoodlesinAustralia?A．Original.B．Justso-so.C．Awful.19．WhichfoodiseateneverymorningafterabignightinAustralia?A．Dumplings.B．Honeychicken.C．Meatpie.20．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Teachinghowtocookfood.B．TellingfoodcultureinAustralia.C．Comparingdifferentlivesintheworld.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheGreatCourses—BestforLifelongLearnersTheGreatCourses,oneofthebestonlinecourseproviders,isanonlineplatformthatcanmeetthedemandsofindividualswholovetolearnsimplyforjoyandchoosefrom1,345coursesinarangeoftopics.TheGreatCoursesOverviewAreasofstudy13subjectsavailableCourselevelBeginner,advancedCost$18.50—$469.95LanguagesavailableEnglishonlyWhatWeLike●Whilemostotheronlinecourseprovidersconcentrateonupskillingandimprovingcareerandsalaryprospects,thisplatformismoreaboutsharingknowledgeforthepurposeofsatisfyingintellectualcuriosity.Popularcoursesfocusonsubjectslikecooking,painting,dogtraining,language,culture,literature,music,science,history,geographyandmore.●Lessonsarevideo-based,availablebystreamingthroughTheGreatCourses’websiteormobileapporonDVDs.Manylecturesarealsoavailableasstreamingaudiomakesiteveneasierforstudentstolearnanytimeandanywhere.●Thepriceofcoursescanrangefromaround$20toafewhundreddollars,butTheGreatCoursesregularlyoffersdiscounts.TheGreatCoursesalsopartnerswithWondrium,asubscribedonlinelearningplatform,whichgivesstudentsunlimitedaccesstoalibraryofcoursesfor$12.50permonth.WhatWeDon’tLikeStudentswho’reseekingonlinelearningtogainmarketable,career-focusedskillsmayneedhelpinfindingwhatthey’relookingforthroughTheGreatCourses.Thisplatformhasnogradesorcertificatesofcompletion.Lecture-basedvideolessonsmaynotappealtoalllearners,especiallythosewhoprefermasteringnewskillsthroughexperientiallearningorreadingassignments.WhatStudentsAreSayingUsersgivetheplatform3.8starsonTrustpilot.“I’vebeenenjoyingcoursesfromthiscompanyforthelasttenyears.Itscourseshavebroadenedmyoutlookonlife,educatedmeandentertainedme,”writesonestudent.1.WhatdoesTheGreatCoursesfocusmoreon?A.Improvingcareerskills. B.Hands-onpractice.C.Tipsonincreasingincomes. D.Sharingknowledge.2.WhatcanweknowaboutTheGreatCourses?A.Itspartnerprovidescoursesforfree. B.Itscourseexpensesaretoohigh.C.Ithasconvenientvideo-basedlessons. D.Ithelpsalotforthosejob-seekers.3.WhatisadisadvantageofTheGreatCourses?A.Itoffersnocompletioncertificates. B.Itstopicisrelativelysingle.C.Itisonlysuitableforbeginners. D.Itssubjectsareverylimited.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了TheGreatCourses網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)平臺的學(xué)習(xí)范疇及優(yōu)缺點?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatWeLike中“Whilemostotheronlinecourseprovidersconcentrateonupskillingandimprovingcareerandsalaryprospects,thisplatformismoreaboutsharingknowledge…(雖然大多數(shù)其他在線課程提供商都集中在提升技能和改善職業(yè)及薪酬前景上，但這個平臺更多的是關(guān)于分享知識)”可知，TheGreatCourses平臺更加關(guān)注分享知識，故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatWeLike中“Lessonsarevideo-based,availablebystreamingthroughTheGreatCourses’websiteormobileapporonDVDs.Manylecturesarealsoavailableasstreamingaudiomakesiteveneasierforstudentstolearnanytimeandanywhere(課程以視頻為基礎(chǔ)，可以通過大課程網(wǎng)站或移動應(yīng)用程序進行流媒體播放，也可以在DVD上播放。許多講座還以流媒體音頻的形式提供，使學(xué)生能夠隨時隨地學(xué)習(xí)，更加便捷)”可知，TheGreatCourses有便利的基于視頻的課程，故選C項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatWeDon’tLike中“Thisplatformhasnogradesorcertificatesofcompletion(這個平臺沒有成績或完成證書)”可知，TheGreatCourses不提供結(jié)業(yè)證書，故選A項。BThisyear,theMusicEducatorAward,presentedbytheRecordingAcademyandGrammyMuseum,wenttoAnnieRay,theperformingartsdepartmentchairandorchestradirectoratAnnandaleHighSchoolinFairfaxCounty,Virginia.SheattendedtheawardsceremonyinLosAngelesandbroughthomebotha$10,000prizeandmatchinggrant（資助）forherschool’smusicprogram.RaycreatedtheCrescendoOrchestraforstudentswithsevereintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,aswellasaparentorchestrathatteachesnearly200caregiversayeartoplaythesameinstrumentastheirchildren.ShegottheideamostlyfromtheAnnandalecommunity,whichshesaysrepresentsover60countries,includingmanyrefugeesandimmigrants.“There’remanyculturesthatmighttypicallyclash,buttheycometogetherinthisverybeautifulharmony,”Rayexplained.“Andthat’sreallyuniquelyexpressedintheorchestraclassroom,wherewe’rejustallmusic-ingtogether.”RaysaystheCrescendoOrchestraisfocusedonteachingstudentshowtoplayaninstrument,throughone-on-oneinstructiontailoredtotheirneeds.Theorchestraisaboutmuchmorethanjustmakingmusic,however.“Ireallypushmystudentstobebraveandgooutsideoftheircomfortzone.Wehavetolearnhowtoworktogetherwithothers,”shesays.Ray,whocomesfromafamilyofmusiciansandhasplayedtheharp（豎琴）sincetheageoffive,knowsfirsthandtheimpactthatagreatteachercanmakeontheirstudents.“WhyIamwhereIamisbecauseateacherchangedmylifeandmademewanttobeamusiceducator,”shesays.Raysaysherwarmreceptionontheawardsceremonyisespeciallymeaningfulbecausenotmanypeopleunderstandwhatexactlymusiceducatorsdointheclassroomorhowmuchtheirworkmatters.Shesaysthatlackofunderstandingisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtheprofessioningeneral.Moreover,shesaysherschooldesperatelyneedsnewinstruments,andaddsthatshe’llusesomeofhergrantmoneytobuymore.4.WhatmainlyinspiredRaytocreatetheCrescendoOrchestra?A.Theeffectofsomecaregivers. B.Thediversityofacommunity.CTheharmonyofthedisabled. D.Therichcultureofherschool.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whoareinfluencedbymusic. B.HowtheCrescendoOrchestradevelops.C.Whatstudentscanlearn. D.Whystudentsneedspecialinstruction.6.HowwasRayinfluencedbyherteacher?A.Shefundedsomestudents. B.Shefoughtagainstherfamily.C.Shebeganlearningtheharp. D.Shechosetobeamusiceducator.7.WhatcanbelearnedfromwhatRaysaysinthelastparagraph?A.Musiceducationneedstobeappreciated. B.Shebadlywantsdonationsforinstruments.C.Theadministrationoffersnosupport. D.Sheisoftenchallengedbymusicians.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。由唱片學(xué)院和格萊美博物館頒發(fā)的音樂教育家獎今年授予了弗吉尼亞州費爾法克斯縣安南代爾高中的表演藝術(shù)系主任兼管弦樂隊總監(jiān)安妮·雷，她因努力讓學(xué)生，尤其是殘疾學(xué)生能接觸到音樂而受到表彰?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“RaycreatedtheCrescendoOrchestraforstudentswithsevereintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,aswellasaparentorchestrathatteachesnearly200caregiversayeartoplaythesameinstrumentastheirchildren.ShegottheideamostlyfromtheAnnandalecommunity,whichshesaysrepresentsover60countries,includingmanyrefugeesandimmigrants.”（Ray為有嚴重智力和發(fā)展障礙的學(xué)生以及一支教育近200名照顧者每年學(xué)習(xí)與他們的孩子相同樂器的家長樂隊創(chuàng)辦了CrescendoOrchestra。她主要從代表60多個國家的Annandale社區(qū)中得到了這個想法，其中包括許多難民和移民。）可知，Ray創(chuàng)辦CrescendoOrchestra的主要靈感來源于社區(qū)成員的多樣性。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theorchestraisaboutmuchmorethanjustmakingmusic,however.“Ireallypushmystudentstobebraveandgooutsideoftheircomfortzone.Wehavetolearnhowtoworktogetherwithothers,”shesays.”（然而，樂隊的意義遠不止于制作音樂?！拔艺娴墓膭钗业膶W(xué)生要勇敢，走出他們的舒適區(qū)。我們必須學(xué)會與他人合作，”她說。）可知，這一段主要講述了學(xué)生們可以從CrescendoOrchestra中學(xué)到的東西。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段““WhyIamwhereIamisbecauseateacherchangedmylifeandmademewanttobeamusiceducator,”shesays.”（“我之所以在我現(xiàn)在的位置，是因為一位老師改變了我的生活，讓我想成為一名音樂教育家，”她說。）可知，Ray的老師影響了她，使她選擇成為一名音樂教育家。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Shesaysthatlackofunderstandingisoneofthebiggestchallengesfacingtheprofessioningeneral.Moreover,shesaysherschooldesperatelyneedsnewinstruments,andaddsthatshe’llusesomeofhergrantmoneytobuymore.”（她說，缺乏理解是這個行業(yè)面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)之一。此外，她說她的學(xué)校急需新的樂器，她將使用她的一部分資助金購買更多。）可推知，Ray認為音樂教育需要得到重視。故選A項。CPeoplehavelongwatchedmoths(飛蛾)andotherflyinginsectsflocktostreetlamps,lightsandflames.Theseinsectsappearattractedbythelight.Butanewstudysuggeststheymayjustlosetrackofwhichwayisup.Previoustheoriessaylightprobablyblindsflyinginsectssothattheygettrappedbythelight,ormaybetheyinterpretlightatnightasaplacetoflyforaquickescape.Nowthenewstudysuggestsflyinginsectsinsteadturntheirbackstothesky’slighttokeeptheirfeetpointingtowardtheground.Insectsnaturallyturntheirbackstowardlight.Butwhenthatlightisfromanartificialsource,itmayaffecttheirsenseofdirection,leadingtothemflyingincirclesordivingtowardtheground.AtafieldstationinCostaRica,SamuelFabian,anentomologistfromImperialCollegeLondoninEnglandandhisteammatessetuphangingandstandinglights,andthenusedhigh-speedcamerastotrackwild,flyinginsectsincludingmothsandflies.Somecircledthelightsendlessly,andothersflewsharplyupward,losingspeeduntiltheycouldn’tflyanyhigher.Whenthelightsourcepointedup,someinsectsturnedaroundandheadedfortheground.Duringtheflight,theinsectsalwayskeptthelightsattheirbackevenifthey’dendupcrashing.Crashlandingswerecommonwhentheteamlitupawhitesheetonthefloor.Butnotwhenawhitesheet—stretchedintoaheightabovethefloor—wasbathedindiffuse(漫射)light,muchastheskywouldbe,insectsflewthroughtheareawithoutgettingtrappedbythelight.Theteamalsoobservedsomespeciesinalab.Mothsanddragonfliesgenerallybehavedlikethewildinsects,andtheykeptthelightattheirbacks.However,inthelab,fruitflies,likeoleanderhawkmoths—whichcanflyinthedark—couldflyoverLEDlightswithoutbeingthrownoffcourse.Inthewild,though,themothsstillcrashed.Maybethisisbecause,Fabiansays,theinsectscansometimescontroltheirresponsetolight,orovertime,theymightlearntoavoidartificiallight.8.Whydoinsectsnaturallyturntheirbackstowardlight?A.Togetclosetothelight. B.Toescapebeingcaughtquickly.C.Toprotecttheirfeetbetter. D.Totrackwherethegroundis.9.Whatdidtheresearchersfindduringthenewstudy?A.Artificiallightatnightcouldputinsectsonacrashcourse.B.Artificiallightsignaledanescaperoutefortheinsects.C.Theinsectshadabettersenseofdirection.D.Theinsectswereflyingtowardthelight.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningoleanderhawkmoths?A.Tostresstheimportanceofthestudy. B.Toprovetheprevioustheory.C.Totelltheexistenceoftheexception. D.Toexplaintheflightpattern.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ArtificialLightMakesInsectsMoreAdaptable B.InsectsMayLoseTracknearArtificialLightC.TheWaystoGetRidofLightPollution D.InsectsLearntoFlyforaQuickEscape【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項對昆蟲夜晚趨光的研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)飛蛾和其他飛蟲之所以會聚集在燈和火焰前并不是因為它們被這些光線迷住了，而是它們可能不知道飛行的方向?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Nowthenewstudysuggestsflyinginsectsinsteadturntheirbackstothesky’slighttokeeptheirfeetpointingtowardtheground.Insectsnaturallyturntheirbackstowardlight.Butwhenthatlightisfromanartificialsource,itmayaffecttheirsenseofdirection,leadingtothemflyingincirclesordivingtowardtheground.(現(xiàn)在，新的研究表明，飛行昆蟲會背對天空的光線，以保持它們的腳指向地面。昆蟲自然會背對光線。但是當這種光來自人造光源時，它可能會影響它們的方向感，導(dǎo)致它們繞圈飛行或向地面俯沖。)”可知，昆蟲自然地將背部對準光飛行，以保持它們的腳指向地面，是為了找到地面的位置。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“

Butwhenthatlightisfromanartificialsource,itmayaffecttheirsenseofdirection,leadingtothemflyingincirclesordivingtowardtheground.(但是當這種光來自人造光源時，它可能會影響它們的方向感，導(dǎo)致它們繞圈飛行或向地面俯沖。)”以及第三段中“Whenthelightsourcepointedup,someinsectsturnedaroundandheadedfortheground.Duringtheflight,theinsectsalwayskeptthelightsattheirbackevenifthey’dendupcrashing.(當光源指向上方時，一些昆蟲就會轉(zhuǎn)身向地面飛去。在飛行過程中，這些昆蟲總是把燈放在身后，即使它們最終會墜毀。)”可知，人工光源可能會讓昆蟲失去方向感，導(dǎo)致它們撞到地面。故選A。10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Theteamalsoobservedsomespeciesinalab.Mothsanddragonfliesgenerallybehavedlikethewildinsects,andtheykeptthelightattheirbacks.However,inthelab,fruitflies,likeoleanderhawkmoths—whichcanflyinthedark—couldflyoverLEDlightswithoutbeingthrownoffcourse.

(研究小組還在實驗室里觀察了一些物種。飛蛾和蜻蜓通常表現(xiàn)得像野生昆蟲，它們把光放在背后。然而，在實驗室里，像夾竹桃鷹蛾這樣可以在黑暗中飛行的果蠅，可以飛過LED燈而不會偏離航線。)”而不會偏離航線。）可知，研究團隊觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，在實驗室里飛蛾和蜻蜓通常表現(xiàn)得像野生昆蟲，背光飛行，像夾竹桃鷹蛾這樣可以在黑暗中飛行的果蠅，可以飛過LED燈而不會偏離航線。由此可知，作者提到夾竹桃鷹蛾是為了說明有例外的存在。故選C?！?1題詳解】標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Peoplehavelongwatchedmoths(飛蛾)andotherflyinginsectsflocktostreetlamps,lightsandflames.Theseinsectsappearattractedbythelight.Butanewstudysuggeststheymayjustlosetrackofwhichwayisup.(人們早就看到飛蛾和其他飛蟲成群結(jié)隊地飛向路燈、燈光和火焰。這些昆蟲似乎被光線吸引了。但一項新的研究表明，他們可能只是忘記了哪條路是向上的。)”以及第二段中“Nowthenewstudysuggestsflyinginsectsinsteadturntheirbackstothesky’slighttokeeptheirfeetpointingtowardtheground.Insectsnaturallyturntheirbackstowardlight.Butwhenthatlightisfromanartificialsource,itmayaffecttheirsenseofdirection,leadingtothemflyingincirclesordivingtowardtheground.(現(xiàn)在，新的研究表明，飛行昆蟲會背對天空的光線，以保持它們的腳指向地面。昆蟲自然會背對光線。但是當這種光來自人造光源時，它可能會影響它們的方向感，導(dǎo)致它們繞圈飛行或向地面俯沖。)”可知，本文主要講述一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：飛蛾和其他飛蟲聚集在燈和火焰前是因為這些光線擾亂了它們的飛行路線。B項“InsectsMayLoseTracknearArtificialLight(昆蟲可能在人造光附近迷失方向)”能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為本文最佳標題。故選B。DTheEbolavirusisaninfectiousdiseasethatforyearshadalmostnotreatments,anditkillsabouthalfthepeopleitinfects.NowanewstudypublishedinTheLancetInfectiousDiseasesshowsthatapromisingvaccine(疫苗),namedrVSV△G-ZEBOV-GP,doesn’tjusthelptoreduceinfections,italsocancutthosedeathnumbersinhalf.Thevaccineisasingle-dose(單劑)muscularonethatcausescellstoproduceoneofthevirus’sproteins.“Later,ifthepersonisexposedtoEbola,”explainsRebeccaCoulborn,ascientistwithEpicentre,themedicalresearcharmofDoctorsWithoutBorders,“theirimmunesystemwillrecognizetheviralprotein.ThisrecognitionallowstheimmunesystemtobepreparedtoattackthevirusandprotectthepersonfromEbolavirusdisease.”ResearchersshowedrVSV△G-ZEBOV-GPwaseffectiveatreducingtheriskofinfection,butnooneknewhowcapableitwasofpreventingdeathinsomeonewhowasvaccinatedafterbecominginfectedduringanepidemic(流行病).Tofigureitout,Coulbornandhercolleaguesfocusedtheireffortsonthesecond-largestEbolaoutbreakeverrecorded,whichoccurredintheDemocraticRepublicofCongobetween2018and2020.“EverysingleEbolahealthfacilityacrosstheentireEbolaepidemichadastandardizedlistofalladmissions,”saysCoulborn.Thislistincluded2,279confirmedEbolapatients,anditrecordedwhetherornoteachpersonhadbeenvaccinatedbeforetheygotsick—andifso,whenthey’dreceivedthevaccine.Coulbornfoundthedeathratewas56%amongtheunvaccinated.Butforthosewho’dreceivedthevaccine,thatratewascutinhalf.Thiswastruenomatterwhensomeonegotvaccinatedbeforetheappearanceofsymptoms.Additionally,thosewho’dbeenvaccinatedhadlessviruscirculatingintheirbodiesthanthosewhohadn’t.Sothevaccineplayedanimportantrole.RebeccaCoulbornsaysshefeelsbuoyedbytheresults—sincetheyofferclearevidencethatpeoplewho’reatriskofcontractingEbolashouldbevaccinatedearly.It’sanopportunitytocutchainsoftransmission(傳播)andpreventanoutbreakbeforeitgainsspeed.12.WhatisCoulborntryingtotalkaboutconcerningthevaccineinparagraph2?A.Whoitattacks. B.Whyitisdeveloped. C.Howitworks. D.Whereitcomesfrom.13.Coulborn’steamchosethesecondlargestEbolaoutbreakinCongobecause______.A.itlistedhealthfacilities B.itwaseasytoanalyzeC.itcausedthefewestdeaths D.ithadadetailedrecord14.WhatdidCoulbornprobablysuggestpeopleinfecteddo?A.Avoidconnectingwitheachother. B.Getvaccinatedasearlyaspossible.C.Stayathometoreducethespread. D.Learntorecognizethesymptoms.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buoyed”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Encouraged. B.Relaxed. C.Astonished. D.Honored.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：埃博拉疫苗rVSV△G-ZEBOV-GP即使是在感染后接種也可以將死亡率降低一半。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容,尤其是“theirimmunesystemwillrecognizetheviralprotein.ThisrecognitionallowstheimmunesystemtobepreparedtoattackthevirusandprotectthepersonfromEbolavirusdisease.(他們的免疫系統(tǒng)將識別出病毒蛋白。這種識別使得免疫系統(tǒng)準備好攻擊病毒，并保護人們免受埃博拉病毒疾病的侵害。)”可推斷，Coulborn在第二段主要講述的是該疫苗是如何產(chǎn)生作用的。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Tofigureitout,Coulbornandhercolleaguesfocusedtheireffortsonthesecond-largestEbolaoutbreakeverrecorded…(為了弄清楚這一點，庫爾伯恩和她的同事們將他們的研究重點放在了有記錄以來第二大的埃博拉疫情上……)”及第四段“EverysingleEbolahealthfacilityacrosstheentireEbolaepidemichadastandardizedlistofalladmissions,(在整個埃博拉疫情中，每一個埃博拉健康設(shè)施都有一個標準化的入院名單，包含了所有入院記錄)”可推斷，剛果第二大埃博拉疫情的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)記載比較詳細。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Additionally,thosewho’dbeenvaccinatedhadlessviruscirculatingintheirbodiesthanthosewhohadn’t.So,thevaccineplayedanimportantrole.(此外，接種過疫苗的人體內(nèi)的病毒循環(huán)量比未接種疫苗的人要少。因此，疫苗發(fā)揮了重要作用。)”及最后一段可知，Coulborn可能會建議感染的人盡早接受疫苗。故選B項?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后“…sincetheyofferclearevidencethatpeoplewho’reatriskofcontractingEbolashouldbevaccinatedearly.(……這提供了明確的證據(jù)，表明那些有感染埃博拉風(fēng)險的人應(yīng)該盡早接種疫苗。)”可推斷，麗貝卡·庫爾伯恩說，她對結(jié)果感到鼓舞。畫線詞與Encouraged的意思相同。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Doyouneedacareerlaunchplan?Itisn’tabsolutelyessentialbutitcanbeextremelyhelpful!Awell-createdplanisnotjustaboutlandingajob;itisaboutenteringtheprofessionalfieldwithacompetitiveedge.Beyondthat,it’sastrategy.____16____Therefore,acareerlaunchplanisyoursurvivalguide,helpingyouavoidthetrapsandseizetherightopportunities.Sowhynotfollowthefollowingtipstocreatearightcareerlaunchplan?____17____Ifyouweretoplanoutyourtravelroutes,whatwouldyoudo?You’renotjustrandomlymoving;you’reintentionalaboutwhereyouwanttogoandwhatyouwanttoachieve.Soisacareerplan.Itinvolvesoutliningspecificandachievablegoalsthatgivedirectiontoyourcareertrajectory(軌跡).Developrelevantskills.Onceyou’veidentifiedthequalificationsandskillsdemandedinyouridealprofession,it’stimetoacquirethem!Signupforcourses,pursuecertifications,orgainhands-onexperiencetoenhanceyourskillset.____18____Startyourjobhunt.Yourapproachtojobapplicationsshouldbemorelikeaprecisionstrikethanamessyexplosionofarrowsinalldirections.____19____It’snotjustaboutquantity;it’saboutquality.Tailoreachapplicationtothespecificroleandcompany,emphasizinghowyourskillsandexperiencesagreewiththeirneeds.Stayflexibleandagile(機敏的).Thejobmarketischanging,andbeingadaptableisaninvaluableability.____20____Developamindsetofcontinuousimprovement—alwaysseekingwaystoenhanceyourskills,knowledge,andapproachtostayrelevantintheever-evolvingprofessionallandscape.A.Setyourgoals.B.Researchyouroptions.C.So,whatshouldyoudotodealwithit?D.Toachievethis,developasystematicapproachtoyourjobsearch.E.Bydoingthese,you’reessentiallyimprovingyourtechniques!F.Thejobmarketcanbeajungle,especiallywhenyou’rejuststarting.G.Thegoalistocreateafoundationthat’llguideyourcareerdecisions.【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何制定職業(yè)啟動計劃?！?6題詳解】上文“Doyouneedacareerlaunchplan?Itisn’tabsolutelyessentialbutitcanbeextremelyhelpful!Awell-createdplanisnotjustaboutlandingajob;itisaboutenteringtheprofessionalfieldwithacompetitiveedge.Beyondthat,it’sastrategy.(你需要一個職業(yè)生涯啟動計劃嗎？這不是絕對必要的，但它會非常有幫助！一個精心制定的計劃不僅僅是為了找到一份工作；這是關(guān)于進入具有競爭優(yōu)勢的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。除此之外，這也是一種策略)”表明你有必要進行職業(yè)規(guī)劃，下文“Therefore,acareerlaunchplanisyoursurvivalguide,helpingyouavoidthetrapsandseizetherightopportunities.(因此，職業(yè)啟動計劃是你的生存指南，幫助你避開陷阱，抓住正確的機會)”表明啟動職業(yè)計劃的好處，F(xiàn)項“就業(yè)市場可能是一片叢林，尤其是當你剛開始的時候。”承上啟下，講明有職業(yè)規(guī)劃的必要性，與下文形成因果關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F項?！?7題詳解】下文“Ifyouweretoplanoutyourtravelroutes,whatwouldyoudo?You’renotjustrandomlymoving;you’reintentionalaboutwhereyouwanttogoandwhatyouwanttoachieve.Soisacareerplan.Itinvolvesoutliningspecificandachievablegoalsthatgivedirectiontoyourcareertrajectory.(如果你計劃好你的旅行路線，你會怎么做？你不只是隨意移動；你對自己想去的地方和想要實現(xiàn)的目標是有意識的。職業(yè)規(guī)劃也是如此。它包括概述具體的和可實現(xiàn)的目標，為你的職業(yè)軌跡指明方向)”表明你要有職業(yè)目標，空處作為本段的小標題，應(yīng)概括本段內(nèi)容，A項“設(shè)定你的目標?！背薪酉挛模险Z境。故選A項?！?8題詳解】上文“Signupforcourses,pursuecertifications,orgainhands-onexperiencetoenhanceyourskillset.(報名參加課程、獲得認證或獲得實踐經(jīng)驗以提高你的技能)”列舉了幾種提高技能的方式，E項“通過這樣做，你在本質(zhì)上提高了你的技術(shù)！”承接上文，表明這樣做產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，且呼應(yīng)本段的小標題，符合語境。故選E項?！?9題詳解】上文“Startyourjobhunt.Yourapproachtojobapplicationsshouldbemorelikeaprecisionstrikethanamessyexplosionofarrowsinalldirections.(開始找工作。你的求職方法應(yīng)該更像是一次精確的打擊，而不是向四面八方胡亂射出的箭雨)”表明找工作要有明確的方向，D項“為了實現(xiàn)這一點，制定一個系統(tǒng)的求職方法。”承接上文，選項中asystematicapproachtoyourjobsearch與上文相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選D項?！?0題詳解】上文“Thejobmarketischanging,andbeingadaptableisaninvaluableability.(就業(yè)市場正在發(fā)生變化，適應(yīng)能力是一種寶貴的能力)”表明職業(yè)市場不斷變化，下文“Developamindsetofcontinuousimprovement—alwaysseekingwaystoenhanceyourskills,knowledge,andapproachtostayrelevantintheever-evolvingprofessionallandscape.(培養(yǎng)持續(xù)改進的心態(tài)——始終尋求提高技能、知識和方法的方法，以在不斷發(fā)展的職業(yè)環(huán)境中保持相關(guān)性)”表明你怎樣應(yīng)對不斷變化的職業(yè)環(huán)境，C項“那么，你該怎么處理呢？”承上啟下，符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThatmorninginSeptember,atafive-kilometerrace,Iwaitedformy11-year-oldsonatthefinishline.He’drun30:34atanother5kinlatespring,soI____21____hecouldruna5kinabout30minutes.WhenIdidn’tseehimatthe35-minutemark,Ibeganto____22____.It’dalreadybeenan____23____morning.Aboutanhourearlier,whenwedroveintotown,mysonnoticedalovelytinygreentreecricketinmycar.Itjumpedontomyson’shandwhereitstayedsolongthatweeventuallygaveitaname:LittleFriend.Minutesbeforetherace,itjumpedontothesidewalk.Maybeitwantedtoseekfreedom,butthiswasn’tasafeplaceduetothe____24____pedestriantraffic.Somysonkneltand____25____hishand.LittleFriendcameback.ButItoldhimhewould____26____itduringtherace.Iranwellandfeltthrilledatthefinishline.However,that____27____gavewaytoanxietywhenmysondidn’tshowup.I____28____askingpeopleifthey’dseenhim.Noonehad.SoIreturnedtotheraceheadquarters.Inmyconfusion,Ididn’tevenseehim____29____thefinishline.Buttherehewas,justaheadofthe45-minutemark,withLittleFriend____30____onhisrightthumb.My____31____werewrong.Mysondidn’trunfast,andhedidn’tloseLittleFriend.Thesetwo____32____seemedsomehowrelated.He____33____acoldhewasgettingover,butIknewitwasmorethanthat.Sometimeslifegivesyousomethingbeautiful,butfragile.There’snoneedto____34____ahead.Treatit____35____andholdonwhenyoucan.21.A.indicated B.knew C.meant D.stressed22.A.question B.forgive C.panic D.regret23.A.average B.endless C.unusual D.original24.A.invisible B.smooth C.unpredictable D.easy25.A.tookout B.reachedout C.gaveaway D.putup26.A.lose B.change C.train D.catch27.A.eagerness B.nervousness C.annoyance D.excitement28.A.enjoyed B.kept C.practiced D.stopped29.A.crossing B.blocking C.facing D.touching30.A.arguing B.sighing C.riding D.feeding31.A.evaluations B.guesses C.conclusions D.comments32.A.facts B.ideas C.tasks D.activities33.A.overcame B.treated C.received D.blamed34.A.move B.fly C.struggle D.rush35.A.gently B.wisely C.loosely D.urgently【答案】21B22.C23.C24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者兒子在5公里賽跑比賽時，為了不失去自己的蟋蟀朋友，沒有跑得很快，讓作者感悟到有時候生活給了你一些美好的，卻又脆弱的東西。沒有必要操之過急。溫柔地對待它，盡可能地抓住它?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在春末的另一場5公里比賽中，他跑了30分34秒，所以我知道他可以在30分鐘內(nèi)跑完5公里。A.indicated表明；B.knew知道；C.meant意味著；D.stressed強調(diào)。根據(jù)后文“hecouldruna5kinabout30minutes”指作者知道兒子可以在30分鐘內(nèi)跑完5公里。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我在35分鐘的時候沒有看到他時，我開始恐慌。A.question質(zhì)問；B.forgive原諒；C.panic恐慌；D.regret后悔。上文提到作者知道兒子可以在30分鐘內(nèi)跑完5公里，所以在35分鐘的時候沒有看到他時，作者開始恐慌。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這已經(jīng)是一個不尋常的早晨了。A.average平均的；B.endless無盡的；C.unusual