職稱英語衛(wèi)生類b級(jí)模擬6

職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)模擬6

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子均有一個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所

給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。

1>Thegovernmentisdebatingtheeducationlaws.

A.discussingB.defeating

C.delayingD.declining

2、Theyhadafarbetteryieldthananyotherfarmmilesawayaroundthisyear.

A.goodsB.soilC.climateD.harvest

3、Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscenter.

A.getridofB.setupC.repairD.paint

4、Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternational

situation.

A.permanentB.powerful

C.strikingD.practical

5、SincetheGreatDepression,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotected

farmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.

A.slightB.surprisingC,suddenD.harmful

6、Heinvestedaconsiderableamountofmoneyintheproject.

A.immenseB.positiveC.powerfulD.realistic

7、Theinterviewtookplacearoundthekitchentableandwasverycausal.

A.formalB.informalC.regularD.irregular

8、Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarce

resources.

A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent

9、Theyareworriedabouttheircapacitytoinvestinthefuture.

A.capitalB.abilityC.expenseD.reality

10>Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.

A.quickenB.shortenC.loosenD.enlarge

11>Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithonlyalittleknowledge.

A.convinceB.satisfyC.comfortD.benefit

12、Weshouldcontemplatedtheproblemfromallsides.

A.deliberatedB.thoughtC.describedD.

designed

13、Hishealthhaddeterioratedwhilehewasinprison.

A.becamebetterB.becameworse

C.becamestrongerD.becameweaker

14、Imeanttogiveyouthisbooktoday,butIforgot.

A.intendedtoB.tendedtoC.extendedtoD.

pretendedto

15>Asamatteroffact,Ilovesoftmusicmorethanpopularmusic.

A.basicallyB.probablyC.actuallyD.

accurately

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判

斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A項(xiàng)；如果該句提供的錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B項(xiàng);

如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C項(xiàng)。

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）virus（HIV）,

1

oneofmankindsmostfearedviruseszasacarrierofgeneswhichcanfight

cancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhas

analmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody*simmune（免疫的）defenseszmaking

1

itidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatientsbodieszaccordingto

theObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitutezoneoftheworld'sleading

researchcentersonbiologicalscienceszhascreatedaspecialnewbreedof

HIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeUSFoodandDrugAdministration

（FDA.tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治療）trialsthisyear.Thefirsttrials

areexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecured

bysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechnique

wouldhaveHfarwiderapplicationsH.

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmaking

useofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworld

inthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficial

purposewasHshocking"butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhaving

allsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient1s

bodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyearszbreakthroughsingenetics

（遺傳學(xué)）haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthat

donotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately,thebody1simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthe

modifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheir

taskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitable

carrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,theimmune

defenseceilsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractive

toscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients1

bodies.

16>FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyil1thedeadlygeneshavebeen

removed.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody1simmunecells.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrials

soon.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Itisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressinusingreplacement

genestocurecancer.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）1?4題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第

2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；⑵第5?8題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確的

選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案寫在相應(yīng)的位置上。

ThePaperChase

"Runningahouseisalotlikerunningabusiness.nsaysStephanieDenton,

aprofessionalorganizerbasedinCincinnati,Ohio,whospecializesinboth

residentialandcommercialpaperworkandrecordkeeping.Togetasuccessful

griponorganizingdocumentszbills,andothermaterialszDentonsuggests

thefollowingtips：

Createaspaceinwhichyoucanalwaysdoyourpaperwork.Thisisperhaps

themostimportantelementofasuccessfulsystem.Ifyoucan11devotean

entiredesktothetask,atleastinvestinarollingfilecarttostoreactive

paperworkandatwo-drawerfilecabinetforfamilyrecords.Storetherolling

filecartwhereveritismostconvenientandcomfortabletodoyourwork,

whetherthatisthekitchen,office,orfamilyroom.

Whenindoubt,throwitout.Thefirststeptoimplementingaworkable

filingsystemistoeliminatepaperyoudon11use,don11need,orthatyou

couldeasilyaccessagainelsewhere.Throwoutduplicatestatements,old

catalogs,andallofthecoupons,mailings,orofferingsyou111neverhave

anopportunitytouseorevenread.

Setasidetwodaysamonthtopaybills.Ifamonthlyduedatedoesn*t

fitintoyourcycle,callupthecreditorandsuggestamoreconvenientdate.

Keeptwomanilafoldersatthefrontofyoursystemforcurrentbills--one

tocorrespondwitheachbill-payingday--andfileallincomingbills.Keep

alistinthefrontofeachfolderofwhatneedstobepaidincasetheinvoice

neverarrivesorgetsmisplaced.

Thinkofyourfilingsystemnotasarigidtoolzbutasaliving,breathing

systemthatcanaccommodateyourchangingneeds.Agoodfilingsystemisboth

mentallyandphysicallyflexible.Everyone1sneedsaredifferent,saysDenton,

butwhendevisingafillingsystem,askyourself："wherewouldIlookfor

this?HCreatemainheadingsforyourfilingsystem,suchasInvestments,Taxes,

Children,andsoforth,andfileindividualfoldersunderthemainheadings.

Neveroverstuffyourfiles.

23、Paragraph2.

A.Findaplacetoworkon

B.Implementingaworkablefilingsystem

C.Whatisagoodfilingsystem

D.Howtoinvestinarollingfilecart

E.Getridofunimportantthings

F.Dealingwithbills

24、Paragraph3.

25、Paragraph4.

26、Paragraph5.

27、StephanieDentonisexpert

A.theyareuseless

B.inpaperchase

C.thatitiseasilyreached

D.thatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentrequirements

E.theyarenotcomfortable

F.ininvestingincoupons

28、Youcanputyourfilecartanywhereyoulike,oncondition

29、Couponsshouldbethrownawaybecause.

30、"Mentallyflexible"indicatesthefact.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案o

第一篇

GivingUpSmoking

Anumberofdevicesareavailabletohelpapersonquitsmoking.Nicotine

（尼古?。﹑atchesaxesmallznicotine-containingadhesive（黏著性的）discsapplied

totheskin.Thenicotineisslowlyabsorbedthroughtheskinandentersthe

bloodstream.Overtime,thenicotinedoseisreducedandeventuallythedesire

fornicotineiseased.Nicotinegumworksinasimilarmanner,providingsmall

dosesofnicotinewhenchewed.

Thebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludetheimmediatereductionofharm

tothehealthofthesmokingandeasilyadmissiontosocialactivitiesand

institutionsthatbansmoking.Ina1988report,theUSSurgeonGeneraldeclared

cigarettesmokingtobemoreharmfulandexpensivethantheuseofcocaine

（可卡因），alcohol,orheroin.Recentevidencesupportsthisclaim.

TheUnitedStatesgovernmenthascollectedaspecialtaxoncigarettes

forseveraldecades.Theraterosefrom8centsperpackof20cigarettes

in1951to24centsperpackin1993.Inotherdevelopedcountries,thecigarette

taxrateismuchhigher,rangingfrom50percentinSwitzerlandto85percent

inDenmark.

IntheUnitedStateszthefirstdirectactiontochecksmokingwasthe

regulationofawarmingoncigarettepackagesbytheFederalTradeCommission.

Thiswarningtookeffectin1964andwasstrengthenedin1969toread："Warning：

TheSurgeonGeneralHasDeterminedThatCigaretteSmokingIsDangerousto

YourHealth.11In1971allcigaretteadvertisingwasbannedfromradioand

television,andcitiesandstatespassedlawsrequiringnonsmokingsections

inpublicplacesandworkplaces.

31>Whichofthefollowingcanhelpapersonquitsmoking?

A.Usingnicotinepatches.

B.Readingcigaretteadvertisements.

C.Chewingordinarygum.

D.Participatinginsocialactivities.

32、Nicotinegumisusedtohelpasmoker

A.stopsmoking

B.reduceweight

C.cleanhisteeth

D.absorbnicotineimmediately

33、ThebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT

A.thereductionofexpenses

B.theformationofagoodhabit

C.thereductionofharmtoone*shealth

D.easieraccesstoinstitutionsthatbansmoking

34、Whichofthefollowingissaidtobethemostexpensiveandharmful?

A.Consumingalcohol.B.Usingheroin.

C.Smokingcigarettes.D.Takingcocaine.

35、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasteptocontrolsmoking?

A.Collectingaspecialtaxoncigarettes.

B.Forbiddingsmokinginallpublicplaces.

C.BanningcigaretteadvertisingfromradioandTV.

D.Requiringawarningoneachcigarettepackage.

4J,AttJ

CommonProblems,CommonSolutions

Thechancesarethatyoumadeupyourmindaboutsmokingalongtimeago--and

decidedit*snotforyou.

Thechancesareequallygoodthatyouknowalotofsmokers--thereare,

afterallabout60millionofthem,workwiththem,andgetalongwiththem

verywell.

Andfinallyit*saprettysafebetthatyou'reopen-mindedandinterested

inallthevariousissuesaboutsmokersandnonsmokers--oryouwouldn1tbe

readingthis.

Andthosethreethingsmakeyouincrediblyimportanttoday.

Becausetheymeanthatyoursisthevoice--notthesmoker1sandnotthe

anti-smoker*s--thatwilldeterminehowmuchofsociety1seffortsshouldgo

intobuildingwallsthatseparateusandhowmuchintothesearchforsolutions

thatbringustogether.Foronetragicresultoftheemphasisonbuilding

wallsisthediversionofmillionsofdollarsfromscientificresearchon

thecausesandcuresofdiseaseswhich,whenallissaidanddonezstillstrike

thenonsmokeraswellasthesmoker.Oneprominenthealthorganization,to

citebutasingleinstance,nowspends28centsofeverypubliclycontributed

dollaron"education"(muchofitinanti-smokingpropaganda)andonly2cents

onresearch.

Therewillalwaysbesomewhowanttobuildwalls,whowanttoseparate

peoplefrompeople,anduptoapointzeventhesemayservesociety.The

anti-smokingwall-buildershave,togivethemtheirdue,helpedtomakeus

allmorekeenlyawareofchoice.

Butourguesszandcertainlyourhope,isthatyouareamongthefargreatest

numberwhoknowthatwallsareonlytemporaryatbest,andthatoverthelong

run,wecanservesociety1sinterestbetterbyworkingtogetherinmutual

accommodation.

Whatevervirtuewallsmayhave,theycannevermoveoursocietytoward

fundamentalsolutions.Peoplewhoworktogetheroncommonproblemszcommon

solutions,can.

36、Whatdoestheword"wallHusedinthepassagemean1?

A.Anti-smokingpropaganda.

B.Diseasesstrikingnonsmokersaswellassmokers.

C.Rulesandregulationsthatprohibitsmoking.

D.Separationofsmokersfromnonsmokers.

37、Inparagraph4,"you"refersto

A.smokersB.nonsmokers

C.anti-smokersD.smokerswhohavequitted

smoking

38、Itisevidentthattheauthorisnotinfavorof

A.buildingawallbetweensmokersandnonsmokers

B.doingscientificresearchattheexpenseofone1shealth

C.bringingsmokersandnonsmokerstogether

D.provingaccommodationforsmokers

39、Asissuggested,thecommonsolutiontothecommonproblemis.

A.toseparatepeoplefrompeople

B.toworktogetherinmutualaccommodation

C.tomakeusmorekeenlyawareofchoice

D.toservesociety1sinterestsbetter

40、Accordingtothepassage,thewriterlooksupontheanti-smoking

wall-builders*actions_______.

A.optimistically

B.pessimistically

C.unconcernedly

D.skeptically

HighStressMayDamageMemory

AccordingtoareportissuedinMay1998zelderlypeoplewhohaveconsistently

highbloodlevelsofcortisoldon11scoreaswellonmemorytestsastheir

peerswithlowerlevelsofthestresshormone.What1smore.highlevelsof

cortisolarealsoassociatedwithshrinkingofthehippocampus,aregionof

thebrainthatplaysakeyroleinlearningandmemory.Thefindingssuggest

thatevencortisollevelsinthenormal,"healthy"rangecanactuallyaccelerate

brainaging.

Thestudyresultsnnowprovidesubstantialevideneethatlong--term

exposuretoadrenalstresshormonesmaypromotehippocampalaginginnormal

n

elderlyhumanszwriteNadaPorterandPhilipLandfieldoftheUniversity

ofKentuckyinLexingtonintheireditorial.Cortisolisahormonereleased

inresponsetostressbytheadrenalglandszwhichsitontopofthekidneys.

Overa5to6-yearperiod,Dr.SoniaLupienandhiscolleaguesmeasured

24-hourcortisollevelsin51healthyvolunteerszmostofWhomwereintheir

70s.

Despitewidevariationincortisollevelsztheparticipantscouldbedivided

intothreeSubgroups：thosewhosecorfiso]progressivelyincreasedovertime

andwascurrentlyhigh(increasing/high)：thosewhosecortisolprogressively

increasedovertimeandwascurrentlymoderate(increasing/moderate)；and

subjectswhosecortisoldecreased,butwascurrentlymoderate

(decreasing/moderate).

Theresearcherstestedthevolunteers*memoryonsixpeopleinthe

increasing/highcategoryandfivepeopleinthedecreasing/moderategroup.

Thegroupsdidnotdifferontestsofimmediatememory,buttheincreasing/high

cortisolgrouphadothermemoryproblemscomparedwiththoseinthe

decreasing/moderategroup.

Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetotalvolumeofthehippocampusin

thoseintheincreasing/highgroupwas14%lowerthanthoseinthe

decreasing/moderategroupzalthoughtherewerenodifferencesinotherbrain

regions.

Theresultssuggestthat"...brainagingcanbeacceleratedbylevelsof

adrenalhormonesthatarenotgenerallyregardedaspathologicalandthat

variationwithinthisnormalrangeisrelatedtovariationintherateof

brainaging,nwritePorterandLandfield."Thisfurthersuggeststhat

chronicstressmayacceleratetheworseningofhippocampus.n

cortisoln.皮質(zhì)醇，考的索，氫化可的松

peern.同等地位的人，同輩，同事，同齡人

hippocampusn.海馬

adrenaladj.腎上腺的；腎上的

pathologicaladj.病態(tài)的；疾病的，由疾病引起的；病理學(xué)的，病理的

glandn.腺

progressivelyadv.逐漸地，累積地，循序漸進(jìn)地

41>Thepartofthebrainimportantforaperson'slearningandmemoryis.

A.thecortisol

B.theadrenalglands

C.thestresshormones

D.thehippocampus

42、Whenthelevelsofcortisolgohigher,thehippocampusinthebrainmay.

A.becomelarger

B.becomesmaller

C.disappearcompletely

D.betotallydamaged

43、Accordingtothearticle,whenpeoplefeeltooworriedornervousorwhen

theyoverwork,_______.

A.theadrenalglandswillproduceastresshormone

B.thekidneyswillproduceadrenalglands

C.thehippocampuswillproducehighlevelsofcortisolintheblood

D.thebrainwillworkmoreeffectively

44、Itappearsthatwhenthetotalvolumeofthehippocampusbecomessmaller

asaresultofhighbloodlevelsofcortisolzotherbrainregions.

A.becomesmallertoo

B.becomelarger

C.mayremainthesameinsize

D.maybedamaged

45、TheresearchconductedbyPorterandLandfieldshowsthat.

A.changesinthelevelsofadrenalhormoneshavenothingtodowith

brainaging

B.changesinthelevelsofadrenalhormonesmayaffectbrainaging

C.chronicstressmaystrengthenaman1smemory

D.chronicstresshasnothingtodowithaman1smemory

第5部分：補(bǔ)全對(duì)話

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5

組文字，將其分別放回文章原有的位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案填在相應(yīng)的橫線

±0

AgitatedSunspotCauseTrouble

Ifthelightsinyourhousekeepflickering,blamefrequentsunspots.

Asunspotisactuallychargedparticlesflyingatthespeedof3million

kilometersanhouroutofthesurfaceofthesuntoformsunstorms.

46

Theearth,whichisdirectlyenergizedbythesun,isinfluencedbysun

stormsinanumberofways.

47Wirelessshort-wavecommunication,whichdependsonthewave1s

reflectionagainstthislayerofatmospherezislikelytobejammed.Itis

saidthatmobilephonecommunicationmaybeaffectedtoo.

48AccordingtoaresearchconductedbytheRussianscientistsfrom1957

to1960,thefrequencyofearthquakescanbelinkedtothemovementofthe

sunspots.

Thoughlittleresearchhasbeencarriedoutabouthowexactlythesunspot

willnegativelyharmthehealthofthepeople,apaperpublishedbyaNorth

Koreaobservatorysaysthatsunstormsmaycauseanincreaseintheincidence

ofheartdiseaseandskindisease.49.

Besides,thenervoussystemisalsoaffected,andtrafficaccidents