職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)模擬49

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類B級(jí)模擬49

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫(huà)線部分確定一個(gè)意義最為

接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Thesearetheirmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD

?plans

2、Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturnwest.

A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadens

D.bends

3、Henrycannotresistthelureofdrugs.

A.abuseB.flavorC.temptation

D.consumption

4、Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.

A.naturalB.fatalC.tiny

D.enormous

5、Agreatdealhasbeendonetoremedythesituation.

A.maintainB.improveC.assessD

?protect

6、JohniscollaboratingwithMaryinwritinganarticle.

A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.

arguing

7、Heisdeterminedtoconsolidatehispower.

A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD

,exercise

8、Manyscientistshavebeenprobingpsychologicalproblems.

A.solvingB.exploringC.settling

D.handling

9、Hearingproblemsmaybealleviatedbychangesindietandexercisehabits.

A.removedB.curedC.worsenedD.r

elieved

10>Andthecarsaretestedfordefectsbeforeleavingthefactory.

A.functionsB.faultsC.motions

D.parts

11>Thefoodisinsufficientforthreepeople.

A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensive

D.inadequate

12、Thousandsofpeopleperishedinthestorm.

A.diedB.sufferedC.floated

D.scattered

13、Butinthe6ndheapprovedofourproposal.

A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD

?necessarily

14、Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.

A.strangeB.complexC.personalD

.funny

15>InBritainandmanyothercountriesappraisalisnowatoolofmanagement.

A.evaluationB.efficiencyC.production

D.publicity

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供

的是正確的信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤的信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信

息穩(wěn)重沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

MotherNatureShowsHerStrength

Tornadoes（龍卷風(fēng)）andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakes

andintoTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticand

dangerous.

GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticed

thatafunnel（漏斗狀的）cloudwasbehindhim.nIstoppedthetruckandwatched

thefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoup

anddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenly

itdisappeared.HSnydersaid.

Snyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheastern

OhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCounty,atornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.

SometreesfeelontohousesandCars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneand

electricalwiresastheywentdown.

AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan.111knewsomething

waswrong,Hshesaid.“工sawtheskygogreenandpink（粉紅色的）.Thenitsounded

likeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryone

togotothebasementforprotection."

Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwill

takealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoserious

waterdamagefromthethunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcaused

thepowertogooutinmanyhomes.

Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.Morethanfour

inchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohightthat

thewaterranintostreetsandhouses.Manystreetshadtobeclosedtocars

andtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultforfiretrucksz

policecars,andotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.

Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheir

ownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Local

andstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated

（撤走）.TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.'*Thiswasareallyintensestorm."

saidSnyder.Peoplewereafraid.MotherNaturecallbefierce.Wewerelucky

thistime.Noonewaskilled.H

16、TheweatherwasniceinTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestomay.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、TherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbullCountyforahundred

years.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Severalpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1?4段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

TheTiniestElectricMotorintheWorld

1.Scientistsrecentlymadepublicthetiniestelectricmotoreverbuilt.

Youcouldstuffhundredsofthemintotheperiodattheendofthissentence.

Onedayasimilarenginemightpoweratinymechanicaldoctorthatwouldtravel

throughyourbodytoremoveyourdisease.

2.Themotorworksbyshufflingatomsbetweentwomoltenmetaldroplets

（小滴）inacarbonnanotube.Onedropletisevensmallerthantheother.When

asmallelectriccurrentisappliedtothedroplets,atomsslowlygetout

ofthelargerdropletandjointhesmallerone.Thesmalldropletgrows—but

nevergetsasbigastheotherdroplet—andeventuallybumpsintothelarge

droplet.Astheytouch,thelargedropletrapidlysopsuptheatomsithad

previouslylost.Thisquickshiftinenergyproducesapowerstroke.

3.Thetechniqueexploitsthefactthatsurfacetension—thetendencyof

atomsormoleculestoresistseparating—becomesmoreimportantatsmallscales.

Surfacetensionisthesamethingthatallowssomeinsectstowalkonwater.

4.Althoughtheamountofenergyproducedissmall—20microwatts—itis

quiteimpressiveinrelationtothetinyscaleofthemotor.Thewholesetup

islessthan200nanometersonaside,orhundredsoftimessmallerthanthe

widthofahumanhair.Ifitcouldbescaleduptothesizeofanautomobile

engine,itwouldbe100milliontimesmorepowerfulthanaToyotaCamry*s

225horsepowerV6engine.

5.In1988,ProfessorRichardMullerandcolleaguesmadethefirstoperating

micrometer,whichwas100micronsacross,oraboutthethicknessofahuman

hair.In2003,Zettl1sgroupcreatedthefirstnanoscalemotor.In2006,they

builtananoconveyor,whichmovestinyparticlesalonglikecarsinafactory.

6.Nanotechnologyengineerstrytomimicnature,buildingthingsatomby

atom.Amongotherthingsznanomotorscouldbeusedinopticalcircuitsto

redirectlight,aprocesscalledopticalswitching.Futuristsenvisionaday

whennanomachines,poweredbynanomotors,travelinsideyourbodytofind

diseaseandrepairdamagedcells.

A.AnIntroductionofaToyota*s225HorsepowerV6Engine

B.ADescriptionoftheNanomotorinTermsofPowerandSize

C.SurfaceTension

D.PreviousInventionsofNanoscaleProducts

E.TheWorkingPrincipleoftheNanomotor

F.PossibleFieldsofApplicationintheFuture

23>Paragraph2_______

24、Paragraph4_______

25、Paragraph5_______

26、Paragraph6

27、A.removedisease

B.resistseparating

C.shufflebetweentwomoltenmetaldroplets

D.powernanornachines

E.sopupmoleculesfromthelargedroplet

F.transportnanoscaleobjects

Doctorsenvisionthatthenanomotorwouldtravelthroughhumanbodiesto

28、Surfacetensionmeansthetendencyofatomsormoleculesto.

29、Nanoconveyorscouldbeusedto.

30、Applyingasmallelectriccurrentcausesatomsto.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

U.S.BlacksHardHitbyCancer

DeathratesforcancerarefallingforallAmericans.ButblackAmericans

arestillmorelikelytodieofcancerthanwhitesztheAmericanCancerSociety

saidMonday.

Inaspecialreportoncancerandblacks,theorganizationsaidblacks

areusuallydiagnosedwithcancerlaterthanwhites,andtheyaremorelikely

todieofthedisease.

Thiscouldbebecauseofunequal（不平等的）accesstomedicalCare.Because

blacksaremorelikelytohaveotherdiseasesaswellzandperhapsbecause

ofdifferencesinthebiology（生物學(xué)）ofthecanceritself,thereportadded.

"Ingeneral,blackAmericanshavelesshopeofsurvivingfiveyearsafter

diagnosisthanwhitesforallcancersitesandallstagesofdiagnosis.nthe

reportsaid.

"IndescribingcancerstatisticsforblackAmericans,thisreport

recognizesthatmanyofthedifferencesassociatedwithracemaybecaused

byunfairsocialandeconomicdifferencesandunequalaccesstomedicalcare."

Thecancersocietysaidblacksshouldbeencouragedtogetcheck-ups（體

格檢查）earlier,whencancerismoretreatable.Anditsaidmoreresearchis

neededtoseeifbiologicaldifferencesplayarole.

"Thenewstatisticsemphasizethecontinuingimportanceofwipingoutthese

unfairsocialdifferencesthroughpublicpolicyandeducationefforts,nthe

organizationsaidinastatement.

Butitalsonotedadropincancerdeathrates.

nCancerdeathratesinbothsexesforallsitescombinedhavedroppedgreatly

amongblackAmericanssince1992,ashaveincidencerates（發(fā)生率）,'*saidthe

report.

31、BlackAmericansaremorelikelytodieofcancerthan.

A.peopleinothercountries.

B.whiteAmericans.

C.allotherAmericans.

D.theirancestors.

32、WhichmayNOTbeareasonforhighercancerdeathratesamongUSblacks?

A.UnequalaccesstomedicalCare.

B.Greaterprobabilityofhavingotherdiseases.

C.Differencesinthebiologyofthecancer.

D.Earlydiagnosis.

33、Cancerismoretreatableifitisdetected?

A.inanearlystage.

B.inalatestage.

C.allofasudden.

D.togetherwithotherdiseases.

34、Publicpolicyandeducationeffortsmayhelptodoawaywith

A.deathrates.

B.variouscancers.

C.unfairsocialdifferences.

D.biologicaldifferences.

35、Since1992zcancerdeathratesamongblackAmericans.

A.havebeengoingupanddown.

B.haveremainedstable.

C.haveincreased.

D.havefallen.

弟一^扁

CrystalEar

OnedayafriendaskedmywifeJillifIwantedahearingaid"Hecertainly

does."repliedJill.Afterhearingaboutaremarkablenewproduct,Jillfinally

gotupthenervetoaskmeif11deverthoughtaboutgettingahearingaid.

"Noway,11Isaid."Itwouldmakemelook20yearsolder.""No,no,Hshereplied.

“Thisisentirelydifferent.It*sCrystalEar!H

Jillwasright.CrystalEarisdifferent—nottheold-styledbodywornor

over-the-earaid,butalladvancedpersonalsoundsystemsosmallthatit1s

likecontacts（隱形眼鏡）foryourears.AndCrystalEarissuper-sensitiveand

powerful,too.Youwillhearsoundsyourearshavebeenmissingforyears.

CrystalEarwillmakespeechlouder,andthesoundispureaddnatural.

Icouldn*tbelievehowtinyitis.Itissmallerthanthetipofmylittle

fingerandit*salmostinvisiblewhenworn.Therearenowires,nobehind-the-ear

device.Putitinyourearanditsready-to-wearmold（形狀）fitscomfortably.

Sinceit1snottooloudortootight,youmayevenforgetthatyou*rewearing

it!Useitatworkoratplay.Andifyourhearingproblemisworseincertain

situations,useCrystalEaronlywhenyouneedit.

Hearinglosszwhichoccurstypicallypriortoteenageyearszprogresses

throughoutone*slifetime.Althoughhearinglossisnowtheworld1snumber

onehealthproblem,nearly90percentofpeoplesufferinghearinglosschoose

toleavetheproblemuntreated.Formanymillions,treatinghearinglossin

aconventionalwaycaninvolvenumerousofficevisitszexpensivetestingand

adjustmentstofityourear.ThankstoCrystalEar,the"soundsolution"is

nowconvenient.

Almost90percentofpeoplewithmildhearingloss,andmillionsmorewith

justalittlehearingdrop-off（下降）,canbedramaticallyhelpedwithCrystal

Ear.Moreover,itssuperiordesignisenergy-efficientzsobatteriescan

lastmonths.CrystalEarisnowavailabletohelpthesepeopletreattheir

hearinglosswithasmallhearingamplifier（放大器）.

36、Initiallythewriterdidnotwanttobuyahearingaidbecause.

A.itwouldmakehimlookold.

B.itwouldmakehimnervous.

C.itwastooexpensive.

D.itwasold-styled.

37、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofCrystalEar?

A.Itishighlysensitive.

B.Itispowerful.

C.Itisinvisible.

D.Itiswireless.

38、OnespecialfeatureofCrystalEaristhat.

A.youcancontrolitsvolume.

B.youneedn1ttakeitoffeveryday.

C.itissolar-powered.

D.itsavespower.

39、Accordingtothepassage,hearinglossis.

A.onlyaminorhealthproblem.

B.theworld1smostcommonhealthproblem.

C.merelyateenagedisease.

D.anincurabledisease.

40、Manypeopleleavetheirhearingproblemuntreatedbecause.

A.itisnotserious.

B.CrystalEarisnotyetavailable.

C.itisnoteasytohaveittreated.

D.theydon11wanttolookold.

力—^植

BatteriesBuiltbyViruses

Whatdochickenpox,thecommoncold,theflu,andAIDShaveincommon?

They1realldiseasecausedbyviruses,tinymicroorganismsthatcanpassfrom

persontoperson.It1snowonderthatwhenmostpeoplethinkaboutviruses,

findingwaystosteerclearofvirusesiswhat1sonpeople*sminds.

Noteveryonerunsfromthetinydiseasecarriers,though.InCambridge,

Massachusetts,scientistshavediscoveredthatsomevirusescanbehelpful

inanunusualway.Theyareputtingvirusestowork,teachingthemtobuild

someoftheworld1ssmallestrechargeablebatteries.

Virusesandbatteriesmayseemlikeanunusualpair,butthey*renotso

strangeforengineerAngelaBelcher,whofirstcameupwiththeidea.Atthe

MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)inCambridge,sheandher

collaboratorsbringtogetherdifferentareasofscienceinnewways.Inthe

caseofthevirus-builtbatteries,thescientistscombinewhattheyknowabout

biology,technologyandproductiontechniques.

Belcher*steamincludesPaulaHammond,whohelpsputtogetherthetiny

batteries,andYet-MingChiang,anexpertonhowtostoreenergyintheform

ofabattery."We1reworkingonthingswetraditionallydon11associatewith

nature,"saysHammond.

Manybatteriesarealreadyprettysmall.YoucanholdA,CandDbatteries

inyourhand.Thecoin-likebatteriesthatpowerwatchesareoftensmaller

thanapenny.However,everyyear,newelectronicdeviceslikepersonalmusic

playersorceilphonesgetsmallerthantheyearbefore.Asthesedevices

shrink,ordinarybatterieswon*tbesmallenoughtofitinside.

Theidealbatterywillstorealotofenergyinasmallpackage.Right

now,Belcher1smodelbattery,ametallicdiskcompletelybuiltbyviruses,

lookslikearegularwatchbattery.Butinside,itscomponentsareverysmall—so

tinyyoucanonlyseethemwithapowerfulmicroscope.

Howsmallarethesebatteryparts?Togetsomeideasofthesize,pluck

onehairfromyourhead.Placeyourhaironapieceofwhitepaperandtry

toseehowwideyourhairis—prettythin,right?Althoughthewidthofeach

person*shairisabitdifferent,youcouldprobablyfitabout10ofthese

virus-builtbatteryparts,sidetoside,acrossonehair.Thesemicrobatteries

maychangethewaywelookatviruses.

41、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peopletryto.

A.killmicroorganismsrelatedtochickenpox,theflu,ere

B.keepthemselvesawayfromvirusesbecausetheyareinvisible

C.stayawayfromvirusesbecausetheyarecausesofvariousdiseases

D.curethemselvesofvirus-relateddiseasesbytakingmedicines

42、WhatisBelcher1steamdoingatpresent?

A.Itisfindingwaystogetridofviruses.

B.Itismass-producingmicrobatteries.

C.Itismakingbatterieswithviruses.

D.Itisanalyzingvirusgenes.

43、Whatexpressionbelowisoppositeinmeaningtotheword"shrink"appearing

inparagraph5?

A.Broaden.

B.Spread.

C.Extend.

D.Expand.

44、WhichofthefollowingistrueofBelcher*sbatterymentionedinparagraph

6?

A.Itismadeofmetal.

B.Itisakindofwatchbattery.

C.Itcanonlybeseenwithamicroscope.

D.Itisametallicdiskwithvirusesinsideit.

45、Howtinyisonebatterypart?

A.Itswidthisonetenthofahair.

B.Itequalsthewidthofahair.

C.Itisasthinasapieceofpaper.

D.Itswidthistootinytomeasure.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分

別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

WatchingMicrocurrentsFlow

Wecannowwatchelectricityasitflowsthrougheventhetiniestcircuits.

Byscanning（掃描）themagneticfield（磁場(chǎng)）generatedaselectriccurrents

flowthroughobjects（物體）,physicistshavemanaged46.Thetechnologywill

allowmanufacturerstoscanmicrochipsforfaults,aswellasrevealing

microscopicdefectsinanythingfromaircrafttobanknotes.

GangXiaoandBenSchragatBrownUniversityinProvidencezRhodeIsland,

visualizethecurrentbymeasuringsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinthemagnetic

fieldofanobjectand47.

Theirsensorisadaptedfromanexistingpiece（現(xiàn)有酉己件）oftechnology

thatisusedtomeasurelargemagneticfieldsincomputerharddrives."We

redesignedthemagneticsensortomakeitcapableofmeasuring（測(cè)量）very

n

weakchangesinmagneticfieldszsaysXiao.

Theresultingdeviceiscapableofdetecting（測(cè)定）acurrentasweakas

10microamperes,evenwhenthewireisburieddeepwithinachip,anditshows

upfeatures（圖案）assmallas40nanometersacross.

Atpresent,engineerslookingfordefects（缺陷）inachiphavetopeel

off（錄U開(kāi)）thelayersandexaminethecircuitsvisually；thisisoneofthe

obstacles48.Butthenewmagneticmicroscopeissensitiveenoughtolook

insidechipsandrevealfaultssuchasshortcircuitsznicksinthewires

orelectromigration（電遷徙）一whereadenseareaofcurrentpicksupsurrounding

atomsandmovesthemalong."Itislikewatchingariverflow,"explainsXiao.

Aswellasscanningtinycircuits,themicroscopecanbeusedtoreveal

theinternalstructureofanyobjectcapableofconductingelectricity.