河南省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE22河南省名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上期期中試題（含解析）第Ⅰ卷第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWithgraduationaroundthecorner,you’llprobablystarttoreceivegifts.Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.WhentoWriteaGraduationThank-YouCardIt’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.Ifpossible,doitwithinacoupleofdays.Althoughit’sstillpropertowaituptoamonthaftergraduation,thelongeryouwait,themoredifficultitwillbe.WhyWriteaThank-YouCardWheneversomeonetakesthetimetoselectapresentordosomethingspecialforyou,thankingthatpersonistherightthingtodo,evenifyoudon’tlikethegift.Theleastyoucandoisletthemknowyouappreciatetheirthoughtfulness.KeepTrackofAllGiftsAseachgiftarrives,writedownwhattheitemisandwhohassentittoyou.Thisisnecessarybecauseyou’Ilneedtobespecificinthethank-younote.Thank-YouMessagetotheFamilyRemembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducation,andapplaudedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou.Note:Yourthank-youmessagetoeveryoneoutsideyourimmediatefamilydoesn’tneedtobesolongordetailed(具體的).Alwaysstartbyshowingyourgratitude,thenmentionthegift,andexpresshowyouplantouseit.1.Whatwillhappenwithgraduationapproaching?A.Thank-youcardsplaytheroleofcelebration.B.Anexcellentstudentwillsurelyreceivemoregifts.C.Usuallyfewpeoplewillreceivegiftsfromothers.D.Thank-youcardscanhelpmakegift-givershappy.2.Whatdoestheauthoradviseinthesecondparagraph?A.Themomentyougetagift,yousendathank-younote.B.Itisquitedifficulttowriteagoodthank-younote.C.Itisbettertosendathank-younoteasearlyaspossible.D.Youmustrockyourbrainstocompleteathank-younote.3.Whatcanyoudowhenwritingyourthank-youmessagetoyourparents?A.Youcanexpressyourgratitudeinbrief.B.Youcanmentionwhattheyhavedoneforyou.C.Youcantellyourparentswhatyouaretodo.D.Youcanmakeapologiesforyourmistakes.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章給中學(xué)畢業(yè)生和高校畢業(yè)生供應(yīng)了建議：在畢業(yè)來(lái)臨之際，須要給那些送你畢業(yè)禮物的人寫張感謝卡片，使他們也感覺快樂(lè)歡樂(lè)。文章從什么時(shí)候?qū)懜兄x卡、為什么要寫感謝卡、做好禮物記錄、給家人的感謝這四方面提出了具體的建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Whethergraduatingfromhighschoolorcollege,you’llneedtosendthank-youcardstoeveryonewhosendsagift.Theyprobablywon’texpectit,butaspecialcardfromyouwouldbelikelytomaketheirday.”無(wú)論是中學(xué)畢業(yè)生還是高校畢業(yè)生，你都須要給每個(gè)送禮物的人寄感謝卡。他們可能不會(huì)期盼，但一張?zhí)厥獾目ㄆ赡軙?huì)讓他們歡樂(lè)一成天。由此可知，隨著畢業(yè)的接近，感謝卡能讓送禮物者感到歡樂(lè)。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“It’sbesttowriteathank-youcardassoonaspossibleafterreceivingagraduationgift.”可知，收到畢業(yè)禮物后，你最好能盡快寫一張感謝卡片給對(duì)方。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Remembertothankthepeoplewhosupportedyouthemostasyoufirststeppedfootinaclassroom,stoodbyyouthroughoutyoureducation,andapplaudedallofyourachievements.Themessagetoyourfamilyshouldbeheartfeltthanksforalwaysbeingthereforyou”可知，記得要感謝那些在你第一次踏進(jìn)教室時(shí)賜予你最大支持的人，那些在你整個(gè)求學(xué)過(guò)程中始終支持你的人，那些為你取得的全部成就鼓掌的人。你寫給家人的卡片消息內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)是至誠(chéng)的感謝，因?yàn)榧胰耸冀K在支持你。所以當(dāng)你給父母寫感謝信時(shí)，你可以提到他們?yōu)槟阕隽耸裁础９蔬xB項(xiàng)。BMygrandmotheris87yearsold.Shelovesgardening,andshehasgotahabitofnotsittingstillasshelovestodosomeworkallthetime.Once,whileworkinginthegarden,sheslippedandherthigh(大腿)bonewasbroken.MyfatherandItookhertothehospital.Afterexaminingherthedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.Thatwasverysadforallofus.Ilookedatmygrandmother.ShewasalsolookingatmeasifIcoulddosomethingtotreather.Shegotoperatedonthenextdayandametallicrod(桿)wasfixedinthejoint.Theoperationwassuccessful.Forthenextmonth,shedideverythingonlyinthebed.Allofustriedourbesttotakecareofher.Irememberthosenightswhenshefeltmuchpain.Onceshesaid,“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.Iamgivingallofyoupainandgrief.”Isaid,“Youhavegotabrokenbonebutalltheotherpartsofyourbodyarefunctioningproperly.Ifyoucansit,thatwouldbeexcellentforus.”Idon'tknowexactlywhathappenedtoheraftershelistenedtomywords.Butfromthatdayon,shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants."Aftertwoandahalfmonthswewenttothedoctorwhohadoperatedmygrandmother.Ienteredhisofficewithmygrandmotherandyouguessedwhat!Mygrandmotherwalkedinwithoutanyhelp.ThedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalkinglMygrandmotherblessedhimandgavehimsincerethanks.Shesaid,“Ifyouhadnotbeenthere,Icouldnothaveeverwalked.”4.Whatdidthedoctor'swordsmeaninthesecondparagraph?A.Grandmotherwasalmostimpossibletorecover.B.Hewasafraidofgrandmother'shealth.C.Grandmotherwassooldthatshewasweak.D.Heneveroperatedonsuchelderlypeople.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutgrandmotherinthethirdparagraph?A.Shebecameconfidentthatshewouldrecover.B.Shesufferedsomuchpainthatshewashopelessatthattime.C.Shewassodeterminedtohidepainandgrief.D.Shewasworriedshewouldbestuckinbedforever.6.Whatisgrandmotherlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.Wise. B.Determined. C.Out-going. D.Considerate.7Whatwouldbethedoctor'sreplytograndmother'swords?A.Ihavesuccessfullydonelotsofoperationsinmycareer.B.YourrecoveryiswhatIhaveexpectedbefore.C.Youarethefirstoneover87torecover.D.Infactyouarethetrueinspirationforme.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了祖母在摔倒受傷后，被告知不行能再走路了，感到特別苦痛，后來(lái)作者和她閑聊之后，她不再埋怨了，兩個(gè)半月后，祖母可以走路了?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Afterexaminingher,thedoctorsaidthatthebonewasbrokenfromthejointandthattherewasnochancethatshewouldeverwalk,evenafteranoperation.”（在對(duì)她進(jìn)行檢查后，醫(yī)生說(shuō)她的骨頭從關(guān)節(jié)處斷了，即使手術(shù)后，她也不行能再走路了。）可知，醫(yī)生的話意味著祖母幾乎不行能康復(fù)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Idon'twanttoliveanymore,nothingisleftnow.”（我不想再活下去了，現(xiàn)在什么都沒(méi)有了。）可知，她遭遇了如此多的苦痛，以至于在當(dāng)時(shí)她是沒(méi)有希望的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段“shestoppedcomplainingcompletely.Instead,shewouldsay"IamalrightandIwillstartwalkingsoontowatermyplants.”（她完全不再埋怨了。相反，她會(huì)說(shuō)：“我很好，我很快就會(huì)起先走著給我的植物澆水?！保┖偷谖宥蝺?nèi)容可知，在病魔面前，奶奶是個(gè)很堅(jiān)毅的人。故選B。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Thedoctorwasshockedwhenwatchingherwalking!”（看她走路，醫(yī)生感到很震驚。）可知，醫(yī)生很驚異奶奶能康復(fù)，據(jù)此解除A、B兩項(xiàng)，文中沒(méi)有提到其他老人，故解除C項(xiàng)。故選D。CWastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.Thatistosaythisseparationofwasteisusuallyaimedatdifferentends,includingforrecyclingpurposes,orevenforproducingpower.Assuch,thewastesortingcouldfallintosortslikepaper-basedmaterials,plastic-basedmaterialsandorganicmaterials.Theprocesscouldalsobestartedbyhand.Indeed,somecompaniesthatmanagewastehavesomesortsofwastesortingfacilitiesinplaceforthisaim.Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.Also,personsathomecouldbegintheprocessofwastesortingbydividingthewasteintovariouskindsbeforetakingitout.Somecompaniesandgovernmentorganizationsevenofferincentives,suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics.Somecompanieshavespecificallycreatedfacilitiesthatareonlytargetedtowardthelarge-scaleapplicationofwastesortingforthepurposeofseparatingthevariouscollectedwasteinto.Oneofthepurposesfortheapplicationofwastesortingcouldbeforthesakeofseparatingmaterialsforrecycling,suchasplasticsandpaper.Itcouldalsobefortheseparationofthewasteintothegeneralcategoriesofwetanddrywaste.Theprocesscouldalsobeforthepurposeofsortingcommercialwaste.Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.8.Whatcanweknowaboutwastesorting?A.Itisaimedatproducingpaper. B.Itsprocessisstartedbyhand.C.Itskindsaredecidedbythefinaluse. D.Itsaimistorecyclewastesuccessfully.9.Whatcanhelptheresidentssortwasteeasily?A.Educatingthemtoknowcommonknowledge.B.Layingoutmarkeddustbinsintheneighborhood.C.Warningthemnottodroprubbisheverywhere.D.Indicatingonlyrecycledwastecanbecollected.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentives"meaninthepassage?A.Methods. B.Suggestions. C.Rewards. D.Solutions.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheapplication?A.Doubtful. B.Worried. C.Indifferent. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了什么是垃圾分類，垃圾分類可以分為紙質(zhì)材料、塑料材料和有機(jī)材料。此外，還介紹了一些便利市民進(jìn)行垃圾分類的舉措?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“Wastesortingisaprocedurethatinvolvestheseparationofwasteonpurposeintodifferentkindsasdefinedbythefinaluseforthewaste.(垃圾分類是依據(jù)垃圾的最終用途，有意將垃圾進(jìn)行分類的一種程序)”可知，垃圾分類的種類取決于最終的用途。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Anexampleofthetypeofwastesortingthatcouldbeobservedattheindividuallevelisthecommontypeincitieswherevariouswastebinsaresetoutwithclearindicationsofthetypeofwastethatshouldbeputintothem.Someofthewastebinshavepicturesindicatingthatonlypapershouldbeputintothebins,somearemeantforcigarettebutts,othersforplastics,andtherestcouldbeforanyothertypeofwaste.(在個(gè)人層面上可以視察到的垃圾分類的一個(gè)例子是，在城市中常見的一種分類是，在不同的垃圾箱上都有明確的指示，說(shuō)明應(yīng)放入其中的廢物種類。有些垃圾桶上的圖片標(biāo)明只能放紙，有些是煙頭，有些是塑料，剩下的可以放任何其他類型的垃圾)”可知，在旁邊放置有標(biāo)記的垃圾箱可以幫助居民便利地將垃圾分類。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞后文“suchasofferingsomemoneytoconsumersinexchangeforthembringinginusedbottlesandplastics”可知，比如給消費(fèi)者一些錢，以換取他們帶來(lái)舊瓶子和塑料，而用錢換可回收利用的垃圾是一種嘉獎(jiǎng)措施，故畫線詞在句中表示“嘉獎(jiǎng)”。A.Methods.方法；B.Suggestions建議；C.Rewards.嘉獎(jiǎng)；D.Solutions.解決方案。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中“Withtheapplication,I'msureitisbecomingeasiertoseparatewaste.(有了這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用，我確信垃圾分類會(huì)變得更簡(jiǎn)單)”可知，作者很看好這項(xiàng)應(yīng)用，持主動(dòng)看法。故選D。DNewresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.SomeexpertsbelievedthatthecoolingclimateduringtheEarth'sIceAgewastoblamefortheirextinction.Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.Fromthegeneticinformation,thescientistsnotedadecreaseinthecavebearpopulationbeginningabout50,000yearsago.ThatisaroundthetimeofthearrivalofHomosapiens,ormodernhumans,inEasternEurope.Theresearcherssaidtheyobservedasharpdropinthebears'numbersabout40,000yearsago.ThatcoincideswiththespreadofHomosapiensthroughoutEurope.Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.ThecavebearlivedintheIceAgeatthesametimeasothernowextinctcreatures.Thebearwasasbigasamodernpolarbear,butateonlyplants.Itappearsofteninprehistoriccavepaintings.Therehasbeenascientificdebateaboutwhatledtotheextinctionofthecavebear.Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.Thebear'spopulationremainedlargelyunchangedforlongperiodsbeforeclimatecooling,includingduringtwonoticeablycoldperiodsandothercoolingevents.HomosapiensappearedinAfricamorethan300,000yearsagoandlatermovedtootherareas.ThestudyofferednewevidencethatthearrivalofHomosapiensledtoruinformanykindsofanimalsacrossEurasia,theAmericasandAustralia.12.Howdidscientistsresearchoncavebears?A.Bystudyingthebonesfoundinsomecountries. B.Byobservingthepaintingsonthecavewalls.C.Bybeingtoldfromgenerationtogeneration. D.Bymakingresearchonthepolarbears.13.Whendidthecavebeardieout?A.About50,000yearsago. B.About40,000yearsago.C.About20,000yearsago. D.Morethan300,000yearsago.14.Whatcanwelearnaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Suddenchangeofclimatemadecavebearsdieout.B.Cavebearscouldn'tadapttocoldenvironmentasquicklyaspossible.C.Thelossofcavebears'habitatscauseddamagetotheirexistence.D.Coldperiodswereverycommonthousandsofyearsago.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.HumansPerhapsPartlytoBlameforCaveBears'DisappearanceB.HomoSapiensHuntingKindsofAnimalsacrossEurasiaC.ADebateoverWhyCaveBearsSuddenlyDisaIdD.ScientistsStudiedBonesDiscoveredinSevenCountries【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的探討表明，人類可能對(duì)數(shù)千年前穴居熊的消逝負(fù)有部分責(zé)任。文章介紹了這項(xiàng)探討的開展過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物消逝的各種揣測(cè)，認(rèn)為是早期人類大量捕殺洞熊或占據(jù)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅亡?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Scientistsreportedlastweektheyhadstudiedgeneticdatafrom59cavebears.Theirboneswererecoveredfromsevencountries:France,Germany,Italy,Poland,Serbia,SpainandSwitzerland.(科學(xué)家上周報(bào)告說(shuō)，他們探討了59只洞熊的基因數(shù)據(jù)。它們的骨頭來(lái)自七個(gè)國(guó)家：法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、波蘭、塞爾維亞、西班牙和瑞士)”可知，科學(xué)家們是通過(guò)七個(gè)國(guó)家洞熊的骨頭來(lái)對(duì)其進(jìn)行探討的，故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Theanimalsdisappearedabout20,000yearsago.(這種動(dòng)物大約在兩萬(wàn)年前就消逝了)”可知，洞熊于兩萬(wàn)年前消逝。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Somescientistsbelievethattheclimatechangegreatlyreducedtheplantstheyneeded,whileothershaveblamedhumanactivities,includinghuntingandtakingoverthecaveswherethebearsgavebirthandsleptduringwinter.(一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，氣候變更極大地削減了它們對(duì)植物的需求，而另一些科學(xué)家則將其歸咎于人類活動(dòng)，包括捕獵和占據(jù)熊在冬天分娩和睡覺的洞窟)”可知，早期人類大量捕殺洞熊或占據(jù)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅亡，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhathumanbeingsmayhavebeenpartlyresponsibleforthedisappearanceofcavebearsthousandsofyearsago,whentheplant-lovinganimalslived.(新的探討表明，人類可能對(duì)數(shù)千年前穴居熊的消逝負(fù)有部分責(zé)任，數(shù)千年前這種酷愛植物的動(dòng)物還存活著)”結(jié)合文章介紹了這項(xiàng)探討的開展過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物消逝的各種揣測(cè)，認(rèn)為是早期人類大量捕殺洞熊或占據(jù)它們的生存之地，導(dǎo)致該物種的滅亡。A選項(xiàng)“人類可能要對(duì)洞窟熊的消逝負(fù)部分責(zé)任”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。其次節(jié)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。PoorStudyHabitsStudyingisanart.Manystudentsdonotknowhowtodoitproperly,though.Itseemsasiftheyarealwaysbehindschedulewhenitcomestohandinginhomework,orpreparingforatest.___16___Besides,wealsoshowstudentshowtodealwiththeseproblems.____17____Theyputofftheirtasksuntilitisalmostimpossibletodowellonthem.Therearemanywaysyoucanuse,forexample,bettertimemanagement.However,fornodelay,personalinnermotivation(動(dòng)力)ismoreimportantthanoutermotivation.Followingmotivation,eachpersonstudiesbetterincertainplaces.Libraries,cafes,studyingroomsinschools,andmore,areoftenreferredtoasgoodplacestodevoteyourselftoyourtasks.____18____Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.Youwillneverknowforsurewhereyoustudybestuntilyoutryoutmanydifferentlocations.Alongthesamelineswithatmosphere,youshouldknowhowtogetridofdistractions(分心)whenstudying.Thereisnothingworsethansomethingbreakingyourflowwhenyouworkingonyourtasks.___19___Whenyoustudy,youneedtogetintoacertainmindstateandspacehelpfulforstudying.Apartfromtheabove,youshouldtakeneatnotes.____20____Also,youcanmemorizedatayourbrainneedstousefortests.Takinggoodnotesduringclasskeepsyoufocusedonthelearningprocessratherthanonyourfriend'sjokes,forinstance.Havinggoodattentionduringclasscanchangeyourgrade.A.Managingtimewellisofgreatimportance.B.Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.C.Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.D.Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.E.Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.F.Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.G.Studentsneedtolearntoavoiddistractionswhentheystudy.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.D20.E【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何變更不好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣?！?6題詳解】后文的“dealwiththeseproblems”示意了此處是問(wèn)題，也就是壞習(xí)慣。文章要探討這些不良習(xí)慣并且供應(yīng)處理的方法。C項(xiàng)：Thefollowingwilldiscussseveralbadstudyhabits.（下面將探討幾個(gè)不良的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳解】后文的“Theyputofftheirtasks”中的“putoff”就是delay之意，與F項(xiàng)中的Delay相互提示。F項(xiàng)：Delayisperhapsthemostdangeroushabitstudentsdevelop.（拖延或許是學(xué)生養(yǎng)成的最危急的習(xí)慣。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。18題詳解】后文的“Inthisway,youcanseewhatworksbestforyourbrain.”以及“neverknowforsurewhereyoustudybest”都是說(shuō)不同的學(xué)習(xí)地方。B項(xiàng)：Youcanpracticestudyinginvariousplaces.（你可以在不同的地方練習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】后文的“acertainmindstateandspace”這里建議學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)保持內(nèi)心和外在都安靜。D項(xiàng)：Infact,studentsneedtohavepeaceinsideandout.（事實(shí)上，學(xué)生須要從內(nèi)到外都保持安靜。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【20題詳解】前文的“youshouldtakeneatnotes”示意了此處是建議記筆記。接下來(lái)要說(shuō)記筆記的好處。E項(xiàng)：Withgreatnotes,youcanrecallinformationfromclass.（有了好的筆記，你就能回憶起課堂上的信息。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。其次部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thesummeraftermyfirstyearofcollege,Igotmyfirstjobasawaiterinarestaurant.Forme,itwasastepmovingfroma___21___childtoamoreindependentadult.Ihadnever___22___adayinmylifewhenIwasinhighschoolbecausemy____23____wantedmetofocusonstudy.Iprintedoutarecentlyupdatedresume(簡(jiǎn)歷)Ifirst___24___inmysenioryearandfilledoutdozensofapplications.Isentapplications____25____togetmyfirstcoupleofchoices.Igotnocallsoremailsback.____26____,halfwaythroughthethirdweek,IfinallygotacallbackfromoneoftheplacesIappliedto.Wehad____27____ameetingtime,andaftermy___28___,IwasmorethanreadytostartworkingthefollowingMonday.Whenworking,itwasvery___29___thatIwasthenewguy.Myparents_____30_____thatIwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe______31______lookingformorejobs.However,Istuckwithit.Imadesuretoputa_____32_____onmyfaceeverydaynomatterwhat_____33_____.Attimes,somecustomerswerealwaysaskingtospeakwithmy______34______.EverytimeIheardthat,IthoughtifIhadadollar,Iwould_____35_____workadayinmylife.However,I______36______togetthehangofthingsafteracoupleofweeks.Ialwayssuggestedthesuitable_____37_____forcustomers.Acoupleofweekslater,IhadbeentoldbythemanagerthatIhadreceivedthe______38______employeeofthemonth.Atthatmoment,IfeltlikeIhadtruly_____39_____it,andthiswasthefirstofmanyachievementsIwouldreceivewhileworking.Ittaughtmealotaboutresponsibilityandthe______40______ofinsistingonthework.21.A.free B.dependent C.naughty D.cheerful22.A.spent B.worked C.saved D.wasted23.A.friends B.relatives C.parents D.teachers24.A.wrote B.improved C.planned D.tried25.A.agreeing B.promising C.managing D.hoping26.A.Besides B.Meanwhile C.However D.Therefore27.A.setup B.putup C.takenup D.madeup28.A.contribution B.interview C.experience D.experiment29.A.lucky B.terrible C.likely D.obvious30.A.figured B.advised C.proved D.admitted31.A.unhappy B.alone C.back D.crazy32.A.flower B.sign C.note D.smile33.A.appeared B.happened C.rose D.operated34.A.manager B.partner C.roommate D.waiter35.A.only B.nearly C.never D.regularly36.A.started B.refused C.wanted D.pretended37.A.tickets B.plans C.cases D.choices38.A.friendly B.best C.hopeful D.amazing39.A.got B.had C.kept D.made40.A.truth B.power C.importance D.way【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C36.A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了作者第一次工作(在餐館當(dāng)服務(wù)員)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，由此變得獨(dú)立并從中學(xué)會(huì)了責(zé)任和堅(jiān)持一份工作的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，這是從依靠別人邁向更加獨(dú)立的一步。A.free自由的；B.dependent依附的，依靠人的；C.naughty調(diào)皮的；D.cheerful歡樂(lè)的。from…toamoreindependentadult從…到更加獨(dú)立的成人，表示一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)變，說(shuō)明原來(lái)并不獨(dú)立，且后文的“toamoreindependentadult”示意了此處是dependent，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我中學(xué)時(shí)一天都沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，因?yàn)槲腋改赶胍矣眯膶W(xué)習(xí)。A.spent花費(fèi)，度過(guò)；B.worked工作；C.saved挽救，節(jié)約；D.wasted奢侈。上文“wantedmetofocusonstudy.”示意作者以前從沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，故選B。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我中學(xué)時(shí)一天都沒(méi)有工作過(guò)，因?yàn)槲腋改赶胍矣眯膶W(xué)習(xí)。A.friends摯友；B.relatives親戚；C.parents父母；D.teachers老師。作者之所以不夠獨(dú)立，是因?yàn)楦改赶胱屗眯膶W(xué)習(xí)，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打印了一份最近更新的簡(jiǎn)歷，那是我大四那年第一次寫的，然后填了幾十份申請(qǐng)。A.wrote寫作；B.improved改進(jìn)，提升；C.planned支配；D.tried盡力做。依據(jù)“updatedresume”可知簡(jiǎn)歷應(yīng)當(dāng)是自己寫的，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)送了申請(qǐng)，希望第一次能有幾個(gè)選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。A.agreeing同意；B.promising保證，承諾；C.managing管理，設(shè)法；D.hoping希望。依據(jù)“getmyfirstcoupleofchoices.”可知，作者發(fā)出自己的簡(jiǎn)歷，希望得到一些工作的機(jī)會(huì)，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，第三周過(guò)了一半的時(shí)候，我最終接到了一個(gè)電話，來(lái)自我之前申請(qǐng)的地方。A.Besides除此以外；B.Meanwhile同時(shí)；C.However;D.Therefore因此。上文“Igotnocallsoremailsback.”(我沒(méi)有接到任何電話和郵件)和后文“Ifinallygotacallback”(我最終接到了一個(gè)電話。)形成轉(zhuǎn)折，因此用However，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我們定了一個(gè)見面的時(shí)間。A.setup建立，設(shè)立；B.putup舉起，搭建；C.takenup占據(jù)，從事；D.madeup組成，編造。此處表示作者和用人單位定了個(gè)見面時(shí)間，setupatime“設(shè)定時(shí)間”，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：面試結(jié)束后，我為下周一起先工作做好了足夠的打算。A.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；B.interview面試；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，閱歷；D.experiment試驗(yàn)。依據(jù)“Wehad7ameetingtime”可知，面試結(jié)束后。故選B。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在工作中，很明顯我是個(gè)新人。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.likely可能的；D.obvious明顯的。從上文可知作者第一次參與工作，工作中作者明顯是個(gè)新人，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我父母認(rèn)為我堅(jiān)持不到兩周，會(huì)回來(lái)接著找工作。A.figured認(rèn)為；B.advised建議；C.proved證明；D.admitted承認(rèn)。依據(jù)“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks,andthatIwouldbe11lookingformorejobs.”可知，作者父母認(rèn)為作者堅(jiān)持不到兩周。故選A。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我父母認(rèn)為我堅(jiān)持不到兩周，會(huì)回來(lái)接著找工作。A.unhappy不快樂(lè)的；B.alone獨(dú)自的；C.back后面的；D.crazy瘋狂的。前面提及“Iwouldnotlastthefirsttwoweeks”可知此處是父母認(rèn)為作者會(huì)回來(lái)再找工作，beback回來(lái)，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管發(fā)生什么，我都確保每天臉上都帶著微笑。A.flower花；B.sign標(biāo)識(shí)；C.note便條；D.smile微笑。依據(jù)前文“However,Istuckwithit.”(然而，我堅(jiān)持下去了。)可知作者每天工作的時(shí)候肯定臉上掛著笑容，putasmileontheface:面帶微笑，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不管發(fā)生什么，我確保每天臉上都帶著微笑。A.appeared出現(xiàn)；B.happened發(fā)生；C.rose上升；D.operated操作。這里表示不管發(fā)生什么，作者都會(huì)面帶微笑，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，一些顧客總會(huì)要求和我的經(jīng)理面談。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.partner合伙人；C.roommate室友；D.waiter服務(wù)員。依據(jù)后文的“Acoupleofweekslater,Ihadbeentoldbythemanager…”中的冠詞the表示特指或其次次提及，且分析語(yǔ)境可知，此處是顧客要求找經(jīng)理，故選A。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我聽到那樣的話時(shí)，我會(huì)想，假如我有哪怕一美元，我這輩子都不要再上班了。A.only僅僅；B.nearly幾乎；C.never絕不；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。作者每次聽見有顧客找經(jīng)理理論的時(shí)候，都想著哪怕有一美元，也決不會(huì)工作，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，幾周后，我起先駕馭了一些竅門。A.started起先；B.refused拒絕；C.wanted想要；D.pretended假裝。這里表示作者經(jīng)驗(yàn)過(guò)前幾周剛起先參與工作的郁悶后，起先駕馭了一些事情的訣竅。starttodo:起先做,故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是給顧客供應(yīng)合適他們的選擇。A.tickets票；B.plans支配；C.cases案例；D.choices選擇。此處表示作者通常會(huì)給顧客舉薦那些適合他們的選擇，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，經(jīng)理告知我我被評(píng)為當(dāng)月最佳員工。A.friendly友好的；B.best最好的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.amazing令人驚異的。依據(jù)后文的“thiswasthefirstofmanyachievements”可知，此處最合理的應(yīng)當(dāng)是被選為當(dāng)月最佳員工，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻，我感覺自己真的做到了，這是我在工作中獲得的很多成就中的第一個(gè)。A.got得到；B.had擁有；C.kept保持；D.made制造。此處表示在收獲最佳員工稱號(hào)的時(shí)候，作者感覺自己勝利了，makeit:勝利，做到，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它教會(huì)了我很多有關(guān)什么是責(zé)任以及堅(jiān)持工作的重要性。A.truth事實(shí)；B.power權(quán)利；C.importance重要性；D.way方式，方法。依據(jù)“responsibility”可知，這里指作者通過(guò)工作，學(xué)會(huì)了責(zé)任和堅(jiān)持一份工作的重要性，theimportanceof:...的重要性。故選C。第Ⅱ卷其次節(jié)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lightningisverycommonbutoneofthemostpowerfulweatherforcestohittheearth.___41___(actual),everysecondabout100lightningstrikeshit___42___surfaceoftheearth.Insomepartsoftheworld,forexampleinIndia,summerlightningstormsareverycommon.Withtherainyseason___43___(begin)there,stormsoftencovermostofthecountry'snorthernarea.LastweekinJune,theReutersnewsagency___44___(report)lightningstrikeskilledmorethan100peopleintwoareasofIndia.Ifyouareoutside,___45___(expert)sayyoushouldtakecover,___46___meansfindingasafeshelterforprotection.Duringalightningstorm,noplaceoutsideissafe.Ifyouhearthunder,lightningiscloseenoughtohityou.Mostlightningvictims(受害者)areinopenareasornearatree.Ifyouare___47___(indoor)duringalightningstorm,youcouldstillbe___48___danger.Stayoffwiredphones,computersandother____49____(equip)thatcanputyouindirectcontactwithelectricity.Avoidanyareaswithrunningwaterandstayawayfromwindowsanddoors.SpecialistsattheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionsaythathelpinglightningstrikevictimscansavetheirlives.Itissafe_____50_____(touch)alightningstrikevictim.Peoplestruckbylightningdonotcarryacharge.【答案】41.Actually42.the43.beginning44.reported45.experts46.which47.indoors48.in49.equipment50.totouch【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了雷擊這種自然現(xiàn)象，是攻擊地球最強(qiáng)大的天氣力氣之一。作者還介紹了正確應(yīng)對(duì)雷雨天氣的一些方法?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：事實(shí)上，每秒鐘大約有100次閃電擊中地球表面。修飾后文整個(gè)句子應(yīng)用副詞actually，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填A(yù)ctually?！?2題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：事實(shí)上，每秒鐘大約有100次閃電擊中地球表面。此處特指“地球的表面”應(yīng)用定冠詞。故填the。【43題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著雨季的起先，暴雨常常覆蓋該國(guó)北部大部分地區(qū)。此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”，且therainyseason與begin構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填beginning?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：路透社報(bào)道，在6月最終一周，在印度兩個(gè)地區(qū)雷擊造成100多人死亡。report在句中作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合上文“LastweekinJune”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填reported?！?5題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：假如你在室外，專家說(shuō)你應(yīng)當(dāng)找個(gè)隱藏的地方，也就是說(shuō)找一個(gè)平安的地方來(lái)愛護(hù)自己。expert為可數(shù)名詞，依據(jù)后文say為動(dòng)詞原形，可知主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填experts?！?6題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：假如你在室外，專家說(shuō)你應(yīng)當(dāng)找個(gè)隱藏的地方，也就是說(shuō)找一個(gè)平安的地方來(lái)愛護(hù)自己。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾上文句子“youshouldtakecover”，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：雷雨期間，假如你在室內(nèi)，你仍可能處于危急之中。此處與上一段中“Ifyouareoutside”形成對(duì)比，因此需用表地點(diǎn)的副詞indoors，表示“在室內(nèi)”。故填indoors。【48題詳解】考查介詞。句意：雷雨期間，假如你在室內(nèi)，你仍可能處于危急之中。結(jié)合句意表示“處于危急中”可知短語(yǔ)為beindanger。故填in?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：遠(yuǎn)離有線電話、電腦和其他能讓你干脆接觸電的設(shè)備。此處作介詞off的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞equipment，且equipment是不行數(shù)名詞。故填equipment?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：觸碰遭雷擊的受害者是平安的。此處為“itbe+adj.+不定式短語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，因此此處用不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填totouch。第三部分寫作第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；Readhasbeenanimportantpartofmylife.Aftergraduate,Istillkeepreadingbooks.Readingbooksnotonlybringmeknowledge,butalsohappiness.ThethingsIlearnfrombooksteachmyselfalotabouttheworld.Foranexample,Iknewmoreaboutsportsanddifferentculturesoftheworld.SoIknowthediversityoftheworld.Also,booksshowmethewaytosolveproblemsproper.WhenIcomeintoconflictbetweenothers,Itrytounderstandtheminsteadofarguingwiththem.Ireadaboutmanyinspiredstoriesabouthowgreatpeoplesucceed.SowhenImeetdifficulties,Itellmyselfnotgiveup,becausefailureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】1.Read→Reading2.graduate→graduation3.bring→brings4.myself→me5.去掉an6.knew→know7.proper→properly8.between→with9.inspired→inspiring10.在not后加to