考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷28（共185題）

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷28（共9套）（共185題）考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Itisnotaquestionsomuchofwhatwillhappenasmuchasitisastatementofwhathasalreadyhappenedandisstillhappening.Societyisfallingdownallaroundus.Ascomparedtodaysgoneby,thefamilystructurehasweakenedsomuchthatpeoplehavedevelopeduncaringandselfservingattitudes.Weseemoreandmorewitheachpassingyear,lessandlessstablehomes.Kidsarecaringforthemselvesandparentsareoutworkingmorethanever.Eveniftheyarestructuredenoughtomeetaroundthedinnertableatnight,itwillmostlikelybetheonlytimetheyconnectwitheachotherfortheentireday.Childrenlearntocopewiththeworldbywatchingandlearningfromlovingparentsthatspendtimewiththem.Itonlymakessensethatwhenthetimeisnotinvested,thechildrengrowtoadulthoodlackinglifeskillstheyshouldhavegrownupwith.Societyisalreadyfeelingtheeffectsofthissadtrendwhenweseeyoungadultswithnosetgoalsoranykindofdirectionastowhichpaththeyshouldwalkinlife.Schoolscounselorstrytohelpthesekidsdecideonacareerchoiceoradirectiontolooktowards,butoftenthisadviceisignored.Itistheparentsresponsibilitytoguidetheirchildrenandraisetheminhomesthatarestableandcaring.Ninetypercentofthetime,peoplewhobecomesuccessfulmembersofsocietyandachievethemost,comefromstable,lovinghomeswithadultsthatcaredenoughtoleadthemeveryday.Ifthislackofstabilityinthehomecontinuestoincrease,thenofcourse,societyasawhole,willsuffer!Asparentsandcaregivers,wemustbegintoputourprioritiesinorderifwearetobuildabettertomorrow.Isitmoreimportanttohaveagymmembershipandnewcarorbiggerhouseattheexpenseofourchildandwhattheywillbringtothefutureofoursociety?Withournationinarecession,gettingbacktothebasicsseemstobethetalkoftheday.Manypeoplearerealisingthevalueofadollaragainandcuttingbackonmany"extras".Thiscouldbethestartofbuildingoursocietybackupagainandsavingthefutureofitbyteachingyoungpeopletoworktogetherandbetogether.Maybebyworkhoursbeingcutbackandlayoffshappeningeverywhere,familieswillspendmoretimetogetherandbegintoseethevalueofrelationshipsratherthanthevalueof"things".1、Welearnfromparagraph1that______.A、whatwillhappenisaminorissueB、selfishnesshasbecomeprevalentC、societyisonthevergeofcollapseD、looselystructuredfamiliespersist標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：第一段最后一句中的“…peoplehavedevelopeduncaringandselfservingattitudes”(家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變得不穩(wěn)定以至于人們養(yǎng)成自私自利的生活態(tài)度)是該段的結(jié)論。所以，B應(yīng)為答案。2、Theauthorbelievesthatchildren______.A、requirethecareoftheirparentstogrowupB、dependuponcertainbasicskillstosurviveC、havefewoccasionstobewiththeirparentsD、deservetoliveinahappyhomeenvironment標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)第二段中的“Childrenlearn…fromlovingparentsthatspendtimewiththem…whenthetimeisnotinvested，thechildren…lackinglifeskillstheyshouldhavegrownupwith”可知，孩子需要父母的關(guān)懷才能學(xué)會生活技能，健康成長。所以，A應(yīng)為答案。3、Thesaying"thissadtrend"inparagraph3referstothefactthat______.A、caringandlovingparentsarescarceB、manyadultslacknecessarylifeskillsC、thefamilystructurehasgotloosenedD、somepeoplehavelostdirectioninlife標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，第三段中的“thissadtrend”指的是第一、二段所談的趨勢“thefamilystructurehasweakened”。所以，C應(yīng)為答案。4、Itisimpliedinthetextthathomestability______.A、laysthefoundationforbuildingahappyfamilyB、showstheperformanceofparents’obligationsC、isessentialtoeveryone’snormallifeandworkD、contributesalottothesuccessofone’scareer標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Ninetypercentofthetime，peoplewhobecomesuccessfulmembersofsocietyandachievethemost，comefromstable，lovinghomes…”可知，絕大多數(shù)成就卓著的人都來自穩(wěn)定家庭。所以，D應(yīng)為答案。5、Inthetext,theauthoradvocates______.A、harmoniousfamilyrelationshipsB、teachingyoungpeoplelifeskillsC、keepingsocialstabilityandunityD、shiftingourprioritiesatanytime標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：本文主題是家庭不穩(wěn)定對孩子的不良影響。根據(jù)最后一句的結(jié)論“familieswillspendmoretimetogetherandbegintoseethevalueofrelationships…”可知，作者提倡重視家庭成員之間的關(guān)系。所以，A應(yīng)為答案。Thenexttimeyoutakeadeepbreath,thinkforamomentofJosephPriestley,the18th-centuryBritishscientistwidelycreditedwithdiscoveringoxygen.AsStevenJohnsonexplainsinhisengagingstudyofPriestley,TheInventionofAir:AStoryofScience,Faith,Revolution,andtheBirthofAmerica,thecircumstancessurroundingPriestley'ssignatureachievementare"farmorevexedthanthestandardshort-formbiographiessuggest".That'sbecause"discovering'oxygen'isnotlike'discovering'theDeadSeaScrolls...Itiscloserto,say,discoveringAmerica:themeaningofthephrasedependsentirelyontheperspectiveandvaluesyoubringtotheissue".AlongwithhiscontemporariesAntoineLavoisierandCarlWilhelmScheele,Priestlyisolatedoxygengasandwasthefirsttodrawconnectionsbetween"pureair"andblood.LikealaboratoryMoses,Priestlypointedthewayforotherstoadestinationatwhichhecouldnotquitearrive.BythetimehediedinAmericain1804,Priestlyhadmanagedtoisolateandname10gases,becomeknownas"thefatherofmodernchemistry,"and,perhapsmostwonderfully,inventedsodawater.HehademigratedtoPennsylvaniain1794,afterinspiringanEnglishmobtoburndownhislaboratoryduetohisradicalUnitarianviews,whichblendedrespectforJesus'moralteachingsandaninsistenceonhislackofdivinity.(ThatmaybePriestley'smostamazingachievement:StokingpeopletoviolencethroughUnitarianism!)HewasamajorinfluenceonhisfriendBenjaminFranklinandotherleadingscientistsoftheday,andhispoliticalandpedagogicalworkleftahugeimpressiononFoundingFatherssuchasThomasJefferson.JohnsonpaintsPriestleynotasamanofthepastbutpreciselythesortoffiguretheworldneedsmorethanever:Asearcherwhosharedhisdiscoveriesopenlyandwillingly,crosseddisciplinaryboundarieswithimpunityandinsight,whoconceivedoftheworldasalargelaboratory.Asimportant,Priestleyexemplifies"thetemperamentthatweexpecttofindatthebirthofAmerica—bountifuloptimism,anuntroubledsensethattheworldmustinevitablyseethelightofreason".Weliveintroublingtimes,filledwithsignsofagreateconomicapocalypse,politicizedscienceontopicsfrombirthcontroltoclimatechange,andreligiouszealotswhokillinnocentsratherthanlivepeacefullywiththem.ThisisexactlythemomenttolearnfromPriestley,whosurvivedriots,threatsofprosecution,andotherhardshipsandyetneverdoubtedthat"theworldwasheadednaturallytowardanincreaseinlibertyandunderstanding".Ironically,TheInventionofAirunderscoresthatthereisnothingnaturalaboutprogressandliberty,eachofwhichmustbefoughtforanddefendedeverysingledaybyvisionaryindividuals.6、TheauthorregardsJosephPriestleyasagreathistoricalfigureprimarilybecauseof______.A、hisbrilliantachievementincircumstancesbeyondcontrolB、hisremarkableaccomplishmentindiscoveringoxygengasC、hisspectacularsuccessinmanyfieldsotherthanchemistryD、hisfameasanoutstandingthinkeroftheeighteenthcentury標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第一段中的“…JosephPriestley…widelycreditedwithdiscoveringoxygen”，B應(yīng)為答案。7、StevenJohnsonsuggeststhatJosephPriestley______.A、madeadiscoverynotsostrikingasthatoftheDeadSeaScrollsB、livedinanerafarmoretroubledthanpopularbiographiesrevealC、madeacontributionasgreataswhatChristopherColumbusdidD、inventedairandcontributedtothecauseofAmericanRevolution標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：根據(jù)第二段中的“Itiscloserto，say，discoveringAmerica…”，C應(yīng)為答案。8、JohnsonthinksofPriestleyasamanweneedmorethaneveronaccountof______.A、hisopenmind,broadvision,andAmericantemperamentB、hislastinginfluenceandimpressiononFoundingFathersC、hisstubbornadherencetotheradicalUnitarianismforlifeD、hisamazingachievementsinscience,politics,andreligion標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)第五段中的“JohnsonpaintsPriestleynotas…butpreciselythesortoffiguretheworldneedsmorethanever：Asearcherwhosharedhisdiscoveries…asalargelaboratory．Asimportant，Priestleyexemplifies‘thetemperamentthatweexpecttofindatthebirthofAmerica…’”，A應(yīng)為答案。9、WhatweshouldcurrentlylearnfromJosephPriestleyis______.A、hiscouragetofaceuptotroublesinlifemanfullyB、hisdeterminationandoptimismeveninhardshipsC、hisachievementsinscienceandmanyotherfieldsD、hisbrilliantvisionandinsightinscientificresearch標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第五段中的“…Priestleyexemplifies‘thetemperament…--bountifuloptimism，anuntroubledsensethattheworldmustinevitablyseethelightofreason’”和第六段中的“ThisisexactlythemomenttolearnfromPriestley，whosurvived…andotherhardshipsandyetneverdoubtedthat‘theworldwasheadednaturallytowardanincreaseinlibertyandunderstanding’”，B應(yīng)為答案。10、StevenJohnsonsayswithemphasisinhisstudythatliberty______.A、increaseswithunremittingeffortsoffamousscientistsB、isapttodegenerateifwedonotendeavourtodefenditC、servesasanunattainableidealforvisionaryindividualsD、isagoalwhichcannotbeattainedifnobodyfightsforit標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)全文最后一句“…TheInventionofAirunderscoresthatthereisnothingnaturalaboutprogressandliberty，eachofwhichmustbefoughtfor…”，D應(yīng)為答案。In2004afewdozenmembersofCongressaskedtheFederalCommunicationsCommissionwhetherthegovernmentcoulddefineandregulate"excessivelyviolentprogrammingthatisharmfultochildren"withoutviolatingtheFirstAmendment.Lastmonth,afterthinkingaboutitforthreeyears,theFCChadananswer;Sure.Goahead.EmboldenedbytheFCCreport,Sen.JayRockefellerplanstointroducelegislationaimedatregulatingTVviolenceanydaynow.Ifhetakesthesameapproachhedidina2005billhesponsored,hewillknocktheballbacktotheFCC,askingittodefineexcessivelyviolentprogrammingandadoptmeasurestoprotectchildrenfromit.There'sareasonnooneiskeentodefineexcessivelyviolentprogramming.Anyonewhotrieswillfaceinsolublepracticalandconstitutionalproblems.Becauseopinionsaboutwhatisappropriateforchildrenvarywidely,anydefinitionofexcessivelyviolentprogrammingwouldbeattackedastoonarrow,toobroad,orboth.SomecriticssayTVviolenceencouragesimitation;othersworrythatitcausesanxietybymakingtheworldseemdangerous.Themosttroublingviolence,somesay,isthe"explicit"and"graphic"kind,becauseit'sbothdisturbinganddesensitizing.Othersworryaboutthe"sanitized"and"glamorized"kind,whichseparatesviolencefromitsreal-worldconsequences.I'dsayCSI,Schindler'sList,andHistoryChannelwardocumentariesarenotappropriateforsmallchildren.Doesthatmeansuchprogrammingshouldbebanishedtolate-nighthours,asolutiontheFCCproposes?Ifnot,whatuseis"timechanneling"?Ifso,it'shardtoseewhynewsshowscoveringcrimeandwar,orsportssuchasfootballandboxing,shouldbeexempt.Forthosewhoworryaboutimitationofsanitizedviolence,evenchildren'scartoonsarenotappropriateforchildren.ShouldTeenageMutantNinjaTurtlesbeshownonlybetween10p.m.and6a.m.?AnotherFCCsuggestion,forcingcableandsatellitecompaniestoofferchannels"alacarte,"isevenlesspromising.Blockingentirechannelsisaclumsywaytoshieldkidsfrominappropriatematerial.Inanycase,cableandsatellitesubscribersalreadyhavethisability,theFCCisjustsayingtheyshouldn'thavetopayforthechannelstheydecidetoblock.Theeffectivenessoftheseruleswillbeanimportantquestionwhencourtsaddresstheirconstitutionality,sincecontent-basedspeechregulationgenerallycanbejustifiedonlyifit'stheleastrestrictivemeansofservingacompellinggovernmentinterest.Norestrictiononviolententertainmenthasevermetthistest.AstheFirstAmendmentlawyerRobertCorn-Reverenotes,regulationsthattakethecontextofviolenceintoaccountwouldbescrutinizedespeciallyclosely,becausethegovernmentwouldbetargetingspeechbasedonviewpointaswellassubject."AnyattempttoregulatetelevisedviolencewouldfaceinsurmountableFirstAmendmentbarriers,"heconcludes.11、ItseemsthatFCCis______.A、reluctanttoregulatetelevisedviolenceB、anxioustoadoptmeasurestoprotectkidsC、reallyworriedaboutviolentprogrammingD、impatienttodefineandregulateTVviolence標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)第一段中的“Lastmonth，afterthinkingaboutitforthreeyears，theFCChadananswer：Sure”和第三段“There’sareasonnooneiskeentodefineexcessivelyviolentprogramming．Anyonewhotrieswillface…problems”，A應(yīng)為答案。12、TheauthorbelievesthatTVviolence______.A、disturbsviewersforitsgraphicfeatureB、makestheworldseemdangerousC、encourageschildrentoimitateD、lacksappropriatedefinition標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第四段第一句“…anydefinitionofexcessivelyviolentprogrammingwouldbeattackedastoonarrow，toobroad，orboth”，D應(yīng)為答案。13、Theauthorchallenges______.A、thebroadcastingofwardocumentariesB、thenewsshowscoveringcrimeandwarC、the"timechanneling"proposedbyFCCD、thedistinctionbetweenviolenceandreality標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：根據(jù)第五段中的“Doesthatmeansuchprogrammingshouldbebanishedtolate—nighthours，asolutiontheFCCproposes?Ifnot，whatuseis‘timechanneling’?”，C應(yīng)為答案。14、Accordingtothetext,it’sinjudiciousforcableandsatellitecompaniesto______.A、imposerestrictionsonsubscribersB、blockchannelstoshieldchildrenC、transmitinappropriatematerialsD、worryaboutsanitizedviolence標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第七段中的“…forcingcableandsatellitecompaniestoofferchannels‘a(chǎn)lacarte，’isevenlesspromising．Blockingentirechannelsisaclumsywaytoshieldkidsfrominappropriatematerial”，B應(yīng)為答案。15、IntheopinionofRobertCorn-Revere,anyrestrictiononTVviolence______.A、cannotbutfacesomeinsolubleconstitutionalproblemsB、cannotbefreefromthecarefulscrutinyofgovernmentC、isjustifiableifitdoesnotviolatetheFirstAmendmentD、isinevitablybasedonviewpointaswellassubject標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)全文最后一句“‘AnyattempttoregulatetelevisedviolencewouldfaceinsurmountableFirstAmendmentbarriers，’heconcludes”，A應(yīng)為答案。There'snonewslikebadnews.Thetabloidsarefullofaccidents,gorymurders,andmayhem,andpeopleeatitup.Buttheremaybeasilverlining,atleastforseniors.Anewstudyfindsthatthehumanbrainreactslessstronglytoemotionallynegativestimuliasweage,ineffectmakingusmoreresponsivetoallthingspositiveandlessresponsivetothedarkanddismal.Thisbolstersagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingthatagingchangeshowthebrainreactstoemotionalstimuli.Muchofthemediaexploitswhatpsychologistscallthe"negativitybias":ourtendencytopaymoreattentiontothebadthantothegood.Thisbiasplaysaroleinawiderangeofcognitiveareas,makingaheadlineaboutamurdermoreattentiongrabbingthanoneaboutamarriage,forexample.However,inrecentyears,researchhasrevealedthataswegetolderouremotionalresponsestotheworldaroundusbecomemorepositiveandthatthestereotypeofthe"grumpyoldman"mayactuallybeamyth.Anumberofstudieshavefoundthatolderpeopletypicallyreportahighersenseofwell-beingthanyoungerpeople.Butisthatbecausethenegativitybiasdeclineswithage,ordoesthebrainbecomemoreresponsivetopositivestimuli?Toexplorethisquestion,psychologistsMichaelKisleyoftheUniversityofColorado,ColoradoSprings,andStaceyWoodofScrippsCollegeinClaremont,California,presented51participantswithimagesofpuppies,carcrashes,toasters,andotherthingsfor1secondatatime.Theparticipants,whorangedfrom18to81yearsofage,wereattachedtoelectroencephalographelectrodesandthenpressedbuttonstocategorizetheimagesasemotionallypositive,negative,orneutral.Asexpected,electricalactivityspikedinthebrainsoftheyoungparticipantswhentheysawsomethingdiscomfiting.Butolderbrainsreactedless,andtheydidn'tvarybetweennegativeandpositiveimages."Ourdatashowthatthenegativitybiasisgraduallydecliningwithage,"commentsKisley,whoreportsthefindingsintheSeptemberissueofPsychologicalScience."Thisstudyissoimportantbecauseitgivesusawindowintothewayweprocessinformationatdifferentstagesofourlives,"sayspsychologistDerekIsaacowitzofBrandeisUniversityinWaltham,Massachusetts.Whythenegativitybiaswaneswithageisanunresolvedquestion,butpsychologistMaraMatheroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,arguesthat"itmightbetheresultofahumandesiretosurroundourselveswiththepleasantandthepositiveasourperceivedlifetimedrawstoaclose".16、Bysaying"There’snonewslikebadnews"(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthorimpliesthat______.A、thereisnonewswhichisasdramaticasbadnewsB、badnewsisusuallymuchmorenoticeablethangoodnewsC、thenewsmediaaresometimesinterestedonlyinbadnewsD、accidents,gorymurders,andmayhemareobviouslyontherise標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：第二段第一句中的“ourtendencytopaymoreattentiontothebadthantothegood”闡明了第一段第一句“There’snonewslikebadnews”的含義。所以，B應(yīng)為答案。17、Bysaying"silverlining"(Line2,Paragraph1),theauthorrefersto______.A、thenormalreactionofhumanbrainstoemotionalstimuliB、thereactionofseniorstothedarkanddismalindailylifeC、theweakerreactionofolderpeopletonegativeinformationD、thestrongerreactionofyoungerpeopletoanythingpositive標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：根據(jù)第一段中的“Buttheremaybeasilverlining，atleastforseniors．Anewstudyfindsthatthehumanbrainreactslessstronglytoemotionallynegativestimuliasweage，…”，C應(yīng)為答案。18、Accordingtoarecentscientificresearch,people______.A、paymoreattentiontothebadthantothegoodnewsB、paylessattentiontothenegativenewswhentheyageC、areinterestedexclusivelyinaheadlineaboutamurderD、arelessresponsivetoexternalstimuliastheygetolder標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段第三句“However，inrecentyears，researchhasrevealedthataswegetolderouremotionalresponsestotheworldaroundusbecomemorepositive…”，B應(yīng)為答案。19、ThestudydesignedbyKinsleyandWoodshowsthat______inthebrainsofolderparticipants.A、neutralimagesleadtoweakerelectricalactivityB、negativeimagesleadtostrongerelectricalactivityC、electricalactivityspikesbeforeitdeclinesgraduallyD、withchangingimagestheelectricalactivityvarieslittle標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Butolderbrainsreactedless，andtheydidn’tvarybetweennegativeandpositiveimages”，D應(yīng)為答案。20、ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatA、whyolderpeoplearemorepositiveisstillamysteryB、apersonbecomesmoreoptimisticwhenhegetsolderC、humanbeingsdesiretoliveinapleasantenvironmentD、thewayspeopleusetoprocessinformationarevaried標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)第四段中的“Whythenegativitybiaswaneswithageisanunresolvedquestion，…”，A應(yīng)為答案。考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Wehumanshavearemarkablebrain-mediatedcapacitytomakesoundsandletthemactassymbolicrepresentationsofotherthings.Twohundredthousandyearsago,thefirstwordwasspoken.Inthearmsofanadoringmother,thebabbling"mamam"ofaninfantbecamethespokenrepresentationofsafety,warmth,nourishmentand,thepersonwhoprovidedallofthis,mother.Sincethenwehavebeenabletosequence,structure,andsorttheroughly40soundswearecapableofmakingintothousandsofcomplexlanguageswithmillionsofunique"words".Yetwhilewordsareourmostamazinginvention,humancommunicationstartswhenwordshavenomeaning.Itstartsbygazing,rocking,stroking,kissing,humming,thesight,sound,smell,andtouchofalovedone.Itisinthesefirstnonverbalinteractionsthatonehumanbecomesconnectedtoanotherandcommunicationbegins.Theinfant'scrymeans,"I'mhungryorscaredorcoldortired."Theresponsivecaregiver'sactionsmean,"It'ssafe.Eatnow.Ibringwarmth,comfortandpleasure.Youareloved."Tothenewborn,thesoundsof"Iloveyou"are,atfirst,meaningless.Butovertime,byholding,rocking,gazingandgentlystroking—asthesounds"Iloveyou"arewhisperedoverandover—thebabylearnsthemeaningintheword.Thesoundbecomesaword.Totheluckyinfant,loveistheresponsive,safe,andwarmrhythmictouch—thesmile,thehumandtheadoringgaze.Whenlanguagedoesnotdevelopinthecontextofcaringrelationships,welosethebeautyandmeaningthatwordscanconvey.Foreachnewborn,exposuretorepetitivespokenlanguageinarelationshipprovidesthestimulusforneuralorganizationthatwillallowthatchildtodevelopcomplexlanguagecapabilities—thecapacitytounderstandandtocommunicateusing"words".Thislearningprocessrequiresthatlanguagebederivedfromsocial-emotionalcommunication.Theface,notthevoice,isthemajororganofhumancommunication.Wordshavebecomeourshortcuts.1、Theauthorcitesthefactthathumansarecapableofmaking40soundsprimarilyinorderto______.A、contrastitwiththenumberofcomplexlanguageshumanshavecreatedB、educatethereaderC、emphasizetheimportanceofnonverbalcommunicationD、makeatransitionintothenextparagraph標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：屬邏輯關(guān)系題。在第一段最后，作者把人類能夠發(fā)出的大約40個聲音和創(chuàng)造的復(fù)雜語言相對比。2、Accordingtotheauthor,communicationbegins______.A、withnonverbalinteractionsB、twohundredthousandyearsagoC、betweenmotherandchildD、withwords標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：屬信息歸納題。第二段前兩句指出：“早在詞匯還不具備意義時，人類就開始了交流。人類交流開始于凝視、輕搖、撫摸、親吻、低吟，看到、聽到、聞到、觸摸所愛的人?！庇纱丝芍?，人類的交流開始于非言語互動。3、Accordingtotheauthor,infantslearnthemeaningsofwordsthrough______.A、hearingwordsrepeatedlyB、theassociationofwordsandactionsC、theirmother’sloveD、abathofphysicalsensations標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：屬信息推斷題。第二段通過舉例，說明動作和語言的結(jié)合使嬰兒懂得了“我愛你”的意義?？梢?，嬰兒學(xué)會語言的意義是通過語言和動作的聯(lián)系。4、Theauthorbelievesthatitisimportantthatspokenlanguage______.A、belearnedatanearlyageB、notbeconfusedwithbodylanguageC、notbeconfusedwithwrittenlanguageD、belearnedinthecontextofacaringrelationship標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：屬信息推斷題。作者在第三段開頭指出：“當(dāng)語言沒有在愛護的關(guān)系中得到發(fā)展，我們就失去了詞匯所能傳遞的美好和意義?！笨梢姡髡哒J為在愛護的關(guān)系中學(xué)習(xí)語言是很重要的。5、Theauthorisconvincedthatthefaceis______.A、imbuedwithapowertocommunicatebeyondourimaginationB、awindowthroughwhichwecanseeaperson’sthoughtsC、moreimportantthaneventhevoiceinhumancommunicationD、asymbolicrepresentationofotherthings標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：屬事實細節(jié)題。文章在倒數(shù)第二句指出：“人類交流的主要工具是面孔，而不是聲音?！彼?，作者認為在人類交流中，面孔比聲音重要。Despitecampaignsaftercampaignsandavarietyofgendersensitizationmeasures,womenarebyfarthelargestdiscriminatedgroupacrosstheplanet,revealsInternationalLabourOrganisation'sfirstreportondiscriminationatwork.Thereport,releasedinternationallyonMonday,carriesaverycomprehensivestudyondiscrimination,entitled"TimeforEqualityatWork".Thereportwarnsthatneglectingtotackle"wideningsocio-economicinequalities"intheworldofworknotonlyamountstoacceptinga"wasteofhumantalentandresources"butcouldhave"disastrouseffectsonnationalsocialcohesion,politicalstability,andhencegrowth"intheyearstocome.Womenarebyfarthelargestdiscriminatedgroup.Althoughmoreandmorewomenareworking,muchremainstobedone.Inadditiontothe"glassceiling",thepaygapbetweenwomenandmenisstillsignificantinmostcountries.Thestudypointsoutthatwomenarealsomorelikelythanmentobefoundinthelower-paidandleastsecurejobs.Unemploymentrateshavealmostalwaysbeenhigherforwomenthanmen.Thereportshowsthatmanyofthosewhosufferfromdiscrimination—especiallyonthebasisoftheirsexorcolour—faceapersistent"equalitygap"thatdividesthemfromdominantgroupswhoenjoyabetterlife,orevenfromtheirownpeerswhohavebenefitedfromantidiscriminationlawsandpolicies.Thefailuretoeradicatediscriminationhelpsperpetuatepoverty.Thediscriminatedareoftenamongthepoorestofthepoor,andpovertyismoresevereamongwomenandotherdiscriminatedgroups.Discriminationcreatesawebofpovertyandsocialexclusion,thereportsays,addingthat"eliminatingdiscriminationisindispensabletoanyviablestrategyforpovertyreductionandsustainableeconomicdevelopment".TheILOstudyobservesthateveryonegainsfromeliminatingdiscriminationatwork—individuals,enterprisesandsocietyatlarge.Fairnessandjusticeattheworkplacebooststheself-esteemandmoraleofworkers.Amoremotivatedandproductiveworkforceenhancestheproductivityandcompetitivenessofbusinesses.Amoreevendistributionofopportunitiestodevelopanduseone'stalents,amongdifferentgroupsinsociety,contributestosocialcohesioninincreasinglydiversesocieties.6、Accordingtothestudy,failingtodealwithinequalityintheworkplace______.A、isawasteofresourcesB、couldleadtoaglassceilingC、couldaffectpoliticalstabilityD、couldstimulateeconomicgrowth標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：屬事實細節(jié)題。第二段第二句指出，不解決工作領(lǐng)域社會經(jīng)濟不平等加劇的問題會影響政治穩(wěn)定。7、Theauthorofthetextstatesthat______.A、anincreasingnumberofwomenareenteringtheworkplaceB、womengetpaidasmuchasmenC、women’ssalariesareincreasingD、workplaceequalityisthekeytoeliminatingpoverty標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：屬事實細節(jié)題。第三段第二句提到：“工作的婦女的人數(shù)越來越多?！?、Accordingtothetext,discriminationcanleadto______.A、higherlevelsofpovertyB、lowlevelsofself-esteemC、tensionbetweendifferentracesD、increasedgendersensitization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：屬事實細節(jié)題。第四段開頭明確指出：“不能根除歧視，貧困就會延續(xù)下去?！?、Theword"boosts"(line2,para.5)means"______".A、kicksB、increasesC、aggrandizesD、supplements標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：屬詞義推斷題?？梢愿鶕?jù)承前提示做出判斷。上句中指出：“消除歧視各方面都受益?！庇纱丝芍?，boosts的詞義應(yīng)為“提高”。10、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A、menarenotdiscriminatedagainstintheworkplaceB、eliminatingworkplacediscriminationcouldhelpsolveothersocialproblemsC、womenneedtostandupfortheirrightsD、womenshouldstickupforeachother標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：屬信息推斷題。最后一段開頭指出，消除歧視對個人、企業(yè)和整個社會都有好處。因此，可以推知，消除歧視有助于其他社會問題的解決。Itisnotsmallfoodproductionthatpresentsathreattoourhealth,butlarge-scalefactoryfarming.MadCowDisease,withitspotentialtoleadtothedeathsofthousandsofpeopleintheUK,andwhoknowshowmanymorearoundtheworld,istheterribleconsequencethathasfollowedfromtheapparentlyinnocuouspracticeoffeedingdeadcowstoliveones.Thedisasterhasbroughthometheimpactthat"industrial"animalhusbandry—viewinganimalsasproductionmachines—canhaveonhumanhealth.OneonlyhastoscratchthesurfaceoflifedownonthefactoryfarmtoseethatMadCowDiseasemaywellbeonlythetipofthei