山東省聊城市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

2022—2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測高一英語試題本試卷分四部分，共12頁。滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Tothelibrary.B.Tothecinema.C.Totheclassroom.2.HowoldisJim?A.10yearsold.B.20yearsold..C.30yearsold.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.Herepairscars.B.Heworksasthewoman’ssecretary.C.Heanswersphonesforacarpany.4.Howisthemangoingtotravel?A.Byplane.B.Bycoach.C.Bytrain.5.Whatistheman’sfavoritesongabout?A.Thesky.B.Thebird.C.Themovie.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第題。6.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthebook?A.Excited.B.Bored.C.Sad.7.Whatwasthewoman’sfavoritepart?A.Readingthebook.B.Watchingthemovie.C.Talkingaboutthebookinclass.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesn’tthemangotothestorewithhismother?A.Hehashomework.B.Hehastomakedinner.C.Hehasasoccerpractice.9.Whatwillthewomanbuy?A.Bananas.B.Oranges.C.Apples.10.Wherewillthemaneatdinner?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaclub.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whendiditsnowlasttime?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.12.Whatwouldthemanhavedoneifithadn’tsnowedlasttime?A.Goskiing.B.PlayfootballC.Haveasnowfight.13.Whydoesthewomanwantadayoff?A.Todohousechores.B.Todrivesomewhere.C.Tostaywithherparents.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whichareaarethespeakersinnow?A.TheAmericanone.B.TheChineseone.C.TheEuropeanone.15.Wherewillthespeakersgatherbeforethebus?A.Inagiftshop.B.Inarestaurant,C.Attheentrance.16.Whattimewillthespeakershavelunch?A.Atabout11:00.B.Atabout13:00.C.Atabout15:00.17.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Friends.C.Strangers.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whydidthespeakerlivewiththeoldlady?A.Totakecareofher.B.TolearnPolish.C.Togetthefeelingoffamily.19.Whatdidtheoldladydoforthespeaker?A.Shedidcookingforher.B.Shewashedherclothes.C.Shecleanedherbathroom.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?AHerexperiencesinaforeignfamily.B.HerfriendshipwithKathy.C.Herwayoflearningforeignlanguages.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyou’researchingforapresentforatechinterestedfriend,herearecooltechgiftsforeveryone.?RokuStreamingStickRokuStreamingStickiseasytocarry,whichletsyouplayTV,music,movies,andothercontentinasmoothsystemwithbetterqualitypictures.It’ssmallenoughtostickbehindtheTVortakewithyouwhenyouaretraveling.Justturniton,connecttotheInternet,andstartenjoyingyourself.Thetopfeature:·ThefreeRokumobileappletsyoulistentowhateveryou’rewatchingonTVthroughheadphonesconnectedtoyourphone.Price:$4,999?JackeryBoltChargerThischargerhasbuiltinpowercords(電源線)formanyiOSandAndroiddevices,aswellasanadditionalUSBport(端口)forotherdevices.It’stiny,makingitperfectfortravel.Thetopfeature:·Enabledevicesandthebatterypackitselftobechargedatthesametime.Price:$99?RocketbookCoreRocketbooknotebooksarelikepenandpapernetbooks,butwithoutpenandpaper.Thesedigitalnotebooksareveryreusable.TheRocketbookCoreesinachoiceoflettersize(8.5inchesx11incheswith32pages)orsmartsize(6inchesx8.8incheswith36pages).Thetopfeature:·NotescanbesavedandsentinPDFandotherforms.Price:$34?AmazonKindleOasisTheKindleOasishasallthesamefeaturesasolderversions,suchasbuiltinWiFiandaccesstomillionsofbooks,newspapers,andaudiobooks.Italsohasmanynewfeatures,suchasthelatestelectricinktechnologyforfastpageturns.Haveafriendorfamilymember?Thisisthebestgiftforthosewholovereading.Thetopfeature:·Beingwaterproof(防水的),itcanbereadbythepool.Price:$2491.WhatdoRokuStreamingStickandJackeryBoltChargerhaveinmon?A.Theyarewaterproof.B.Theyaresmallbutexpensive.C.Theyareconvenientfortravelers.D.TheyareaccessiblethroughtheInternet.2.WhatdoweknowaboutRocketbooknotebooks?A.Theycanbereused. B.Theyhavethreedifferentsizes.C.TheyonlyshowPDFformednotes. D.Theyewithactualpensandpaper.3.WhichofthefollowingisanewfeatureofAmazonKindleOasis?A.Beingenergysaving. B.HavingbuiltinWiFi.C.Accessingthelatestnewspapers. D.Enablingfastpageturning.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾款適合送給對科技感興趣的朋友作為禮物的電子產(chǎn)品?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“RokuStreamingStick”部分中的“It’ssmallenoughtostickbehindtheTVortakewithyouwhenyouaretraveling.(它很小，可以放在電視后面，也可以在旅行時隨身攜帶。)”和“JackeryBoltCharger”部分中的“It’stiny,makingitperfectfortravel.(它很小，非常適合旅行。)”可知，Roku流媒體棒和JackeryBolt充電器的共同之處是它們對旅行者來說很方便。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“RocketbookCore”部分中的“Thesedigitalnotebooksareveryreusable.(這些電子筆記本非常容易重復(fù)使用。)”可知，Rocketbook筆記本可以重復(fù)使用。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AmazonKindleOasis”部分中的“Italsohasmanynewfeatures,suchasthelatestelectricinktechnologyforfastpageturns.(它還有許多新功能，比如最新的電子墨水技術(shù)，可以快速翻頁。)”可知，亞馬遜KindleOasis的新功能是啟用快速翻頁。故選D。BTravelingtowatchtheirteamplayattheWorldCuptookalittlelongerthanusualfortwoFrenchfans.MehdiBalamissaandGabrielMartindecidedthebestwaytotravelfromFrancetoQatarwasontwowheels.Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.“Itwasacrazyidea,butwe’rethekindofpeoplethathavebigideasanddon’twanttohaveanyregrets,”Balamissasaid,asbothspoketoCNNSportadayafterarrivinginthecountry.“So,sincewearebothselfemployed,wedecidedtoblockoffthreemonthsofourtimeandetoQatar.”Thepairstartedtheirmammoth(龐大的)journeyattheStadedeFranceinParis,homeoftheFrenchnationalteam,andfinishedatthestunningLusailStadium,thevenuethatwillhostthefinalatQatar2022.Theywouldtravelonaverage115kilometersperday,takingappropriaterestdayswhenneeded.TheybattledthroughtheheatofthedesertinSaudiArabiaaswellasfloodedwoodlandareasinHungaryastheymadetheirwindingwaytoQatar,stoppingoffatcampsites,lodges(鄉(xiāng)間小舍)andhotelstosleep.TheideacameaboutaftercyclingfromFrancetoItalytowatchtheircountryplayintheUEFANationsLeaguelastyearandtheywantedtotestthemselveswithamuchlongertrip.Theyhopedtheirtripwouldpromotethebenefitsofecofriendlytravelandsaidtheyplantooffercyclingworkshopstochildrenfromdisadvantagedbackgroundswhentheyeventuallyarrivehome.Thetwocyclistsencounteredmanyproblemsalongtheway,includingdozensofflattires,butreliedontheirinfectiouslypositiveattitudetogetthemthrough.Thepairlaughastheyrecallthetimetheyhadtotravel15hourstoRiyadh,SaudiArabia,inordertofindabikerepairshopbeforetraveling15hoursbacktotheexactpointwheretheyhadstopped.“Wehadmanytroubles,butwefixedthemaswewent,”MartintoldCNN.4.WhydidBalamissaandMartingotoQatar?A.Towatchtheircountrydefendingitschampion.B.Todocyclingtraining.C.Tocloseoffthreemonthsfornoregrets.D.Tosetthemapartfromtheotherfans.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthetwofans?A.TheystartedthejourneyinParis.B.Theytraveledonanewroute.C.Theyexperiencedseverechallengesinthejourney.D.Theyenjoyedfantasticsceneryalongthejourney.6.What’sthepurposeofthetwofans’cyclingtrip?A.Tobenefitmorefromthecyclingworkshops.B.Toraiseawarenessofgreentourism.C.Toexplorethesecretsandlawsofnature.D.TobeinvolvedintheUEFANationsLeague.7.WhatcanbestdescribeBalamissaandMartin?A.Energeticanddetermined. B.Cautiousandsmart.C.Hardworkingandkind. D.Ambitiousandconsiderate.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了法國球迷MehdiBalamissa和GabrielMartin克服重重困難，完成歷時三個月的自行車之旅來到卡塔爾觀看自己國家的世界杯衛(wèi)冕冠軍賽。他們的偉大想法，積極樂觀的態(tài)度，堅定的意志幫助他們完成了這次任務(wù)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.(這對朋友花了三個月的時間騎自行車旅行了7000公里，來到2022年的卡塔爾，觀看他們心愛的法國隊衛(wèi)冕冠軍。)”可知，他們前往卡塔爾是為了觀看自己國家球隊的衛(wèi)冕冠軍賽。故選A項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容“Theywouldtravelonaverage115kilometersperday,takingappropriaterestdayswhenneeded.TheybattledthroughtheheatofthedesertinSaudiArabiaaswellasfloodedwoodlandareasinHungaryastheymadetheirwindingwaytoQatar,stoppingoffatcampsites,lodgesandhotelstosleep.(他們平均每天旅行115公里，必要時適當(dāng)休息。他們穿過沙特阿拉伯炎熱的沙漠和匈牙利被洪水淹沒的林地，蜿蜒前往卡塔爾，在露營地、小屋和酒店停下來睡覺。)”可知，該段描述了“日行115公里”，“在炎熱的沙漠行走”，“穿越洪水淹沒地”等二人途中的艱難遭遇。因此可知，該段主要講述了二人途中遇到的種種嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Theyhopedtheirtripwouldpromotethebenefitsofecofriendlytravel...(他們希望這次旅行能宣傳環(huán)保旅行的好處……)”可知，他們希望通過“自行車之旅”宣傳環(huán)保旅行的好處。由此可推知，“自行車之旅”的目的是增強(qiáng)人們的環(huán)保旅游意識，即，生態(tài)旅游。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Thefriendsspentthreemonthstraveling7,000kilometersbybicycletoreachQatar2022andwatchtheirbelovedFrancedefenditstitle.(這對朋友花了三個月的時間騎自行車旅行了7000公里，來到2022年的卡塔爾，觀看他們心愛的法國隊衛(wèi)冕冠軍。)”和第二段內(nèi)容Balamissa的采訪“Itwasacrazyidea,butwe’rethekindofpeoplethathavebigideasanddon’twanttohaveanyregrets(這是一個瘋狂的想法，但我們是那種有偉大想法的人，不想留下任何遺憾)”可知，歷時三個月的自行車之旅來到卡塔爾觀看自己國家的世界杯衛(wèi)冕冠軍賽，他們是“瘋狂”，對生活有激情、精力充沛的人；根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“Thetwocyclistsencounteredmanyproblemsalongtheway,includingdozensofflattires,butreliedontheirinfectiouslypositiveattitudetogetthemthrough.(這兩名騎自行車的人一路上遇到了很多問題，包括幾十個輪胎漏氣了，但依靠他們極富感染力的積極態(tài)度，他們度過了難關(guān)。)”可知，他們有著積極的態(tài)度，不怕苦難，意志堅定。因此，選項A“Energeticanddetermined.(精力充沛，意志堅定。)”可描述他們二人。故選A項。CThiswillbeanessentialyearforthepioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(電動垂直起降飛機(jī)),popularlyknownasairtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcangetthenecessarycertification(證書)in2023toputthemintobusiness,providingthefirstpassengerswithservices.Airtaxisgenerallycarryfewerthanhalfadozenpassengers.Theylandandtakeoffverticallyusingmanysmallrotors(旋翼).Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflythanahelicopter(akindofplane)andenableindependentflight.Theserotorsalsohelpimprovesafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifonefails.Somedesignsuseanextrarotorortwoatthebackofthecrafttopushthecraftalonginlevelflight.Others,likethatproducedbyJobyAviation,haverotorsthatbendforward;asetofsmallwingsthenprovideslift,makingmoreefficientuseoftheaircraft’sbatteryandincreasingtherange.Afterscratchingtheirheadsabouthowtocertifytheseflyingmachines,officialshavebeenworkingwithdevelopersonsafetystandards.Thisisatimeconsumingprocess.Besidesreceiving“type”approval,whichshowsthesafetyofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininlargeamounts.Andairlinestylepermissionisrequiredifpassengersaretobecarried.paniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeindependentflights.InGermany,VolocopterwillflighttestafamilyofeVTOLs.Thefirmishopingitssmallest,twoseaterVoloCitycanbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinPariswheretheplanistooperateshuttles(航班)betweenairportsandtheathletes’village.OtherairtaxifirmsalsohopetoprovideshuttlesinParis,orattheWorldExpo,whichwilltakeplaceinJapanin2025.8.Whichofthefollowingcontributestoasaferflightaccordingtothetext?A.Morerotors. B.Smartsoftware.C.Fewerpassengers. D.Skillfulpilots,9.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedpart“scratchingtheirheadsabout”inthefourthparagraph?A.Beingsatisfiedwith, B.Thinkinghardabout.C.Beinginterestedin. D.Passingjudgmenton.10.WhydoesVolocopterhopetogetitsVoloCitycertifiedearly?A.ToshowitattheWorldExpo. B.Tostrengthenitspioneeringrole.C.TooperateitattheParisOlympics. D.ToattractmorevisitorstoGermany.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GreenTransportIsBeginningtoTakeShape B.FlyingCraftHaveaLongWaytoGoC.FlyingTaxisWintheGame D.TheAirTaxiIsing【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了空中出租車公司正在獲得必要的認(rèn)證，以便投入運(yùn)營，為第一批乘客提供服務(wù)。文章介紹了這些車的特點(diǎn)以及未來的發(fā)展計劃?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflythanahelicopter(akindofplane)andenableindependentflight.Theserotorsalsohelpimprovesafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifonefails.(通過智能軟件控制旋翼，它們比直升機(jī)（一種飛機(jī)）更容易駕駛，并能獨(dú)立飛行。這些旋翼也有助于提高安全性，因為如果其中一個出現(xiàn)故障，飛機(jī)可以繼續(xù)飛行)”可知，更多的旋翼有助于更安全的飛行。故選A。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Besidesreceiving“type”approval,whichshowsthesafetyofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininlargeamounts.Andairlinestylepermissionisrequiredifpassengersaretobecarried.paniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeindependentflights.”可知，除了獲得“型號”認(rèn)證（這表明一種新型飛機(jī)的安全性）外，工廠還必須獲得認(rèn)證，才能開始大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)。如果要攜帶乘客，還需要航空公司的許可。公司正在努力獲得這些批準(zhǔn)。預(yù)計在獨(dú)立飛行之前，將批準(zhǔn)有人駕駛飛行，說明認(rèn)證這些飛行器需要認(rèn)真考慮，所以官員們一直在與開發(fā)人員就安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行合作。故劃線詞意思是“認(rèn)真考慮”。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefirmishopingitssmallest,twoseaterVoloCitycanbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinPariswheretheplanistooperateshuttles(航班)betweenairportsandtheathletes’village.(該公司希望其最小的雙座VoloCity能夠在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會前獲得認(rèn)證，屆時該公司計劃在機(jī)場和運(yùn)動員村之間運(yùn)營航班)”可知，Volocopter希望早日獲得VoloCity認(rèn)證是為了在巴黎奧運(yùn)會上運(yùn)作。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thiswillbeanessentialyearforthepioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(電動垂直起降飛機(jī)),popularlyknownasairtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcangetthenecessarycertification(證書)in2023toputthemintobusiness,providingthefirstpassengerswithservices.(對于開發(fā)電動垂直起降（eVTOL）飛機(jī)的先驅(qū)者來說，今年將是至關(guān)重要的一年，這種飛機(jī)通常被稱為空中出租車。幾家公司希望他們的飛行器能在2023年獲得必要的認(rèn)證，以便投入運(yùn)營，為第一批乘客提供服務(wù))”結(jié)合文章主要說明了空中出租車公司正在獲得必要的認(rèn)證，以便投入運(yùn)營，為第一批乘客提供服務(wù)。文章介紹了這些車的特點(diǎn)以及未來的發(fā)展計劃?？芍?，D選項“空中出租車來了”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DCanada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogramisusingadvancedsatellitetechnologytofindillegalfishingshipsthatattempttostealfishfromwatersaroundtheworld.Illegalfishingisamajorcontributortothedecreaseoffishandtheirhabitatdestruction.Itissaidthatillegalfishingaccountsforabout30percentoffishingactivityworldwide.Itmeansthatuto26milliontonsoffisharecaughtatacosttotheglobaleconomyofmorethan$23billionayear.Illegalfishingoccursbothonthehighseasandwithinthe200milelimitsofcoastalstates.Ithasanespeciallynegativeeffectoncoastalpopulationsinundevelopedareas.Now,thegovernment’sFisheriesandOceansCanada,inpartnershipwiththeDepartmentofNationalDefenseandMDA(Canada’sspacetechnologymaker),hasstartedanewprogramthathasalreadyledtofinesonfiveforeignships.The$7millionDarkVesselDetectionprogramusessatellitetechnologytolocateandtrackships.Someillegalfishingshipshaveswitchedofftheirlocationtransmitting(傳輸)equipment,inanattempttoavoidsurveillance(監(jiān)視)andcontrol.Theprogramoffersstateoftheartsatellitedatatosmallislandnationsandcoastalstatesaroundtheworld.Thelocaleconomiesofthoseplacesareofteninfluencedbyillegalfishing.Findingillegalfishingshipsfromspacewillallowthesesmallislandnationstofocusontheirinvestigationsandprotecttheirfish.“Illegalfishingthreatensthehealthofourfishpopulationandtakesresources(資源)awayfromhardworking,legalfishermen,”saidBernadetteJordan,theMinisterofFisheries,OceansandtheCanadianCoastGuard,“ThisstateoftheartsystemwillhelpEcuadorandsmallislandnationsinthePacificregiondealwithillegalfishing.SuchillegalactivitywilldogreatharmtotheGalapagosIslandsandthefoodandeconomicsecurityofitspeople,”sheadded.12.WhatisthepurposeofCanada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogram?A.Topreventseapollution. B.Toassessthelossoffishfarms.C.Toobserveendangeredfishspecies. D.Toprotectthefishpopulationworldwide.13.WhatdoesthedatainParagraph2show?A.Thedifficultiesofundevelopedcountries. B.Theslowdownintheglobaleconomy.C.Theseriousnessofillegalfishing. D.Thegeneralresultofoverfishing.14.Howdosomeillegalfishermengetridofsurveillance?A.Byspeedinguptheirships. B.Byfindingremotefishingareas.C.Byhidingsignalsoftheirships. D.Byfishinginthemiddleofthenight.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromBernadetteJordan’swords?A.Islandnationstendtosufferfoodshortages.B.Theinterestsoflegalfishermenarethreatened.C.Thetrackingsystemwillbeappliedtomorefields.D.Stricterlawswillbemadeforthefishingindustry.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大的“暗船探測”項目，使用高級衛(wèi)星科技在世界各地尋找非法捕獵的的漁船。非法捕魚是魚類數(shù)量減少和棲息地破壞的主要原因，也威脅著合法漁民的利益，這個最先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)將幫助厄瓜多爾和太平洋地區(qū)的小島嶼國家處理非法捕魚問題?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Canada’snewDarkVesselDetectionprogramisusingadvancedsatellitetechnologytofindillegalfishingshipsthatattempttostealfishfromwatersaroundtheworld.Illegalfishingisamajorcontributortothedecreaseoffishandtheirhabitatdestruction.(加拿大新的“暗船探測”項目利用先進(jìn)的衛(wèi)星技術(shù)，尋找試圖從在世界各地的水域非法捕魚的漁船。非法捕魚是魚類數(shù)量減少和棲息地破壞的主要原因)”可知，加拿大新的“暗船探測”項目的目的是保護(hù)全世界的魚類種群。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itissaidthatillegalfishingaccountsforabout30percentoffishingactivityworldwide.Itmeansthatupto26milliontonsoffisharecaughtatacosttotheglobaleconomyofmorethan$23billionayear.Illegalfishingoccursbothonthehighseasandwithinthe200milelimitsofcoastalstates.Ithasanespeciallynegativeeffectoncoastalpopulationsinundevelopedareas.(據(jù)說，非法捕魚約占全球捕魚活動的30%。這意味著每年捕撈的魚類多達(dá)2600萬噸，代價是給全球經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的損失超過230億美元。非法捕魚既發(fā)生在公海上，也發(fā)生在沿海國家200英里范圍內(nèi)。它對欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的沿海人口有特別不利的影響)”可知，作者通過第二段的數(shù)據(jù)說明非法捕魚的嚴(yán)重性。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Someillegalfishingshipshaveswitchedofftheirlocationtransmitting(傳輸)equipment,inanattempttoavoidsurveillance(監(jiān)視)andcontrol.(一些非法漁船關(guān)閉了定位傳輸設(shè)備，試圖躲避監(jiān)視和控制)”可知，一些非法漁民通過隱藏船只的信號擺脫監(jiān)視。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段BernadetteJordan說的話“Illegalfishingthreatensthehealthofourfishpopulationandtakesresources(資源)awayfromhardworking,legalfisherme(非法捕魚威脅著我們魚類種群的健康，并奪走了辛勤工作的合法漁民的資源)”可推知，合法漁民的利益受到威脅。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thereareseveralreasonstousecanvas(帆布)grocerybagsorreusablegrocerybagsmadefromothermaterials.Someenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenpushingfortheuseofsuchbags.____16____Fromanenvironmentalaspect,canvasgrocerybagsarebetterchoicesthanpaperorplasticbags.____17____Besides,turningtoreusablesuppliesisviewedasgreenerthanusingdisposable(一次性的)products,manyofwhichwindupinlandfills.Plasticgrocerybagshaveanumberofenvironmentaldisadvantages.Whenplasticgrocerybagsendupinthenaturalenvironment,theycancauseawiderangeofproblems.Animalsmaychokeonorbecaughtinsuchbags.____18____Whilethebagsmayeventuallybreakdown,theycanpoisonawiderangeofseacreaturesalongtheway.Asanyonewhohashadabagbrokenopenintheparkinglotknows,itcanbeveryupsettingtolosealotofgroceriestoapoorlyconstructedgrocerybag.____19____Theycanalsobeeasilywashedintheeventofleaksorspills.____20____Forexample,theycanbeusedtopickupbooksatthelibraryorcarryothershopping,andtheymakegreatbeachbagsbecauseoftheirwashability.Forpeoplewhodon’twanttocarryaroundagrocerystorelogo,canvasgrocerybagscanbeturnedinsideoutandleftplainorpaintedwithnewdesigns.A.Manygrocerystorescarrycanvasgrocerybags.B.Canvasgrocerybagshaveusesbeyondthegrocerystore.C.Instead,youonlyhavetobuyacanvasgrocerybagonce.D.What’sworse,plasticcanstayintheoceanforthousandsofyears..E.Theypointoutreusablebagscanbeasmallchangewithabigdifference.F.Canvasismoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoproducethanpaperorplastic.G.However,canvasgrocerybagscanholdmuchmoreweightthanregularones.【答案】16.E17.F18.D19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。通過與其他材質(zhì)的購物袋比較，帆布購物袋更環(huán)保，更結(jié)實(shí)，可以重復(fù)使用，易清洗，也可在其他場合使用?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereareseveralreasonstousecanvas(帆布)grocerybagsorreusablegrocerybagsmadefromothermaterials.Someenvironmentalorganizationshavebeenpushingfortheuseofsuchbags.(使用帆布購物袋或由其他材料制成的可重復(fù)使用的購物袋有幾個原因。一些環(huán)保組織一直在推動使用這種購物袋。)”可知，一些環(huán)保組織提倡使用帆布的或者其他材料做的可反復(fù)使用的購物袋，E項“Theypointoutreusablebagscanbeasmallchangewithabigdifference.(他們指出，可重復(fù)使用的購物袋可能是一個小小的改變，但卻有很大的不同。)”，其中的They指代上文的Someenvironmentalorganizations，E項順接上文，上下文銜接連貫，故選E項。【17題詳解】上文“Fromanenvironmentalaspect,canvasgrocerybagsarebetterchoicesthanpaperorplasticbags.(從環(huán)保的角度來看，帆布購物袋是比紙袋或塑料袋更好的選擇。)”為本段的中心句，下文“Besides,turningtoreusablesuppliesisviewedasgreenerthanusingdisposable(一次性的)products,manyofwhichwindupinlandfills.(此外，使用可重復(fù)使用的產(chǎn)品被認(rèn)為比使用一次性產(chǎn)品更環(huán)保，因為許多一次性產(chǎn)品最后都被填埋了。)”可知，下文與設(shè)空處為并列關(guān)系，從環(huán)保的角度解釋“帆布購物袋比紙袋或塑料袋更好”，F(xiàn)項“Canvasismoreenvironmentallyfriendlytoproducethanpaperorplastic.(帆布生產(chǎn)起來比紙或塑料更環(huán)保。)”，F(xiàn)項闡述的是不同材料的購物袋在生產(chǎn)過程中環(huán)保程度的比較，下文則是從使用次數(shù)，以及最終處理方式方面的比較，上下文銜接連貫，故選F項?！?8題詳解】上文“Plasticgrocerybagshaveanumberofenvironmentaldisadvantages.Whenplasticgrocerybagsendupinthenaturalenvironment,theycancauseawiderangeofproblems.Animalsmaychokeonorbecaughtinsuchbags.(塑料購物袋對環(huán)境有許多不利之處。當(dāng)塑料購物袋最終進(jìn)入自然環(huán)境時，它們會引起廣泛問題。動物可能會被這些袋子噎住或夾住。)”，本段的第一句為中心句，表明本段主要講述塑料購物袋不利環(huán)保。第二句為具體陳述塑料購物袋的第一個弊端，下文“Whilethebagsmayeventuallybreakdown,theycanpoisonawiderangeofseacreaturesalongtheway.(雖然塑料袋最終可能會分解，但它們會毒害沿途的各種海洋生物。)”則說明塑料袋的分解也會毒害生物，D項“What’sworse,plasticcanstayintheoceanforthousandsofyears.(更糟糕的是，塑料可以在海洋中停留數(shù)千年。)”，其中的What’sworse表明，D項順接上文，plastic為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，陳述了塑料購物袋在海洋環(huán)境不利，故本段具體陳述了塑料袋導(dǎo)致的3個環(huán)境問題，上下文銜接連貫，故選D項。【19題詳解】上文“Asanyonewhohashadabagbrokenopenintheparkinglotknows,itcanbeveryupsettingtolosealotofgroceriestoapoorlyconstructedgrocerybag.(任何一個在停車場被人弄壞過袋子的人都知道，因為一個構(gòu)造不好的雜貨袋而丟失了很多雜貨，這是非常令人沮喪的。)”可知，本段說明了有的購物袋不結(jié)實(shí)，G項“However,canvasgrocerybagscanholdmuchmoreweightthanregularones.(然而，帆布購物袋比普通購物袋能承受更大的重量。)”，此處與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)了帆布袋的承重能力優(yōu)于其他材料的購物袋，下文“Theycanalsobeeasilywashedintheeventofleaksorspills.(在泄漏或溢出的情況下，它們也可以很容易地清洗。)”，此處的They指代G項中的canvasgrocerybags，陳述了帆布購物袋的第二個優(yōu)點(diǎn)，上下文銜接連貫順暢，故選G項?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處為本段的中心句，下文“Forexample,theycanbeusedtopickupbooksatthelibraryorcarryothershopping,andtheymakegreatbeachbagsbecauseoftheirwashability.(例如，它們可以用來在圖書館取書或攜帶其他購物物品，而且由于它們的可洗性，它們是很棒的海灘包)”說明了這些包的其他用途，B項“Canvasgrocerybagshaveusesbeyondthegrocerystore.(帆布購物袋的用途超出了雜貨店。)”，下文中的they指代B項中的Canvasgrocerybags，下文起到舉例說明的作用，上下文銜接連貫，故選B項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwasonthefirstlapofthedangerouscourse.Iwasgoing25mph,anditwasthefirsttimeIhad____21____toskiwithoutthebeginner’sprotectivesuit.Onthe“S”turn,arockgotstuckinmywheelandsentmeflying.Islidforabout20feetbeforeingto____22____inthebushes.Irememberthe____23____alltoowell—likeahardblowontheface.Bloodwasingoutofthewounds.Icried____24____,butitdidn’thelp.KnowingIhadnoother____25____,Igotupandstartedskiingagain.Everytime,Iplantedmypoleandextendedmylegs,Icouldfeeltheunbearablepain.Nevertheless,Ifinishedtheracewith____26____andtornclothes.Whenmymothercleanedthewounds,Iexperiencedpainwhichis____27____todescribe.Itwaslikeanacupuncturist(針灸師)wentwild,____28____mybody.Shepouredsomethingcoldonmyhot,bloody____29____.Icriedlikeacrazyman,which____30____ourneighbortoeover.Thosewerethe____31____hoursofmylife.Tothisday,overtwomonthslater,Istillhaven’tfully____32____.WheneverIlookatmywrappedknees,Iam____33____ofwhathappenedthatday.Itwasmyfirstskiingcrash,butinsteadof____34____,Iwasinspiredtokeepgoing.Inowknowwhattrue____35____feelslike,andI’mnotafraidofitanymore.21.A.failed B.decided C.pretended D.hoped22.A.stop B.sit C.rise D.wave23.A.game B.skill C.feeling D.knowledge24.A.excitedly B.clearly C.shamefully D.desperately25.A.choice B.excuse C.reason D.idea26.A.concerns B.respect C.anger D.tears27.A.dangerous B.difficult C.important D.simple28.A.treating B.cleaning C.checking D.attacking29.A.legs B.mouth C.hands D.neck30.A.persuaded B.encouraged C.alarmed D.required31.A.tiring B.last C.worst D.fantastic32.A.understood B.recovered C.woken D.returned33.A.convinced B.accused C.warned D.reminded34.A.givingup B.cheeringup C.startingoff D.lookingback35.A.love B.life C.pain D.success【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.D27.B28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了作者在不穿防護(hù)服的情況下經(jīng)歷的滑雪事故?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的速度是每小時25英里，這是我第一次決定不穿初學(xué)者的防護(hù)服滑雪。A.failed失敗；B.decided決定；C.pretended假裝；D.hoped希望。根據(jù)“Iwasgoing25mph”可知，作者正在滑雪，說明此前決定不穿防護(hù)服滑雪，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我滑行了大約20英尺才在灌木叢停了下來。A.stop停止；B.sit坐；C.rise上升，提高；D.wave揮手。根據(jù)上文“Onthe“S”turn,arockgotstuckinmywheelandsentmeflying.(在S型轉(zhuǎn)彎時，一塊石頭卡在了我的輪子上，我飛了出去)”可知，由于石塊阻擋了作者的滑輪，作者騰空而起，向前滑行了20英尺才在灌木叢停了下來，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那種感覺我記得太清楚了——就像臉上挨了一拳。A.game游戲；B.skill技巧；C.feeling感覺；D.knowledge知識。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikeahardblowontheface”可知，此處是描述當(dāng)時的感覺，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我拼命地哭，但無濟(jì)于事。A.excitedly激動地，興奮地；B.clearly清楚地；C.shamefully可恥地；D.desperately拼命地，絕望地。根據(jù)上文“Bloodwasingoutofthewounds.(血從傷口流出來)”可知，作者受了傷，應(yīng)是拼命哭喊求救，故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我別無選擇，我站起來又開始滑雪。A.choice選擇；B.excuse借口；C.reason原因；D.idea主意。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及空后“Igotupandstartedskiingagain”可知，作者受了傷，大聲求救無果，所以作者別無選擇，只能起身繼續(xù)滑雪，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句