廣東省肇慶市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省肇慶市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFouroftheTopDestinationsforYourFamilyTripsintheUKCambridgeCambridgeisatopUKdestinationforfamilysummertrips,despitehavingalmostnotouristsunder16yearsold.Ithas51parkssuitableforlatesummersunbathingandofferspunting(乘船游覽)ontheRiverCam.Evenifyoudon’tfancyhittingthewateryourself,youcanenjoywatchingfromJesusGreen.Familiescansatisfycuriosityat15museums,whereexperiencesrangefromthecoolnessofthePolarMuseumtothedinosaurexhibitionattheMuseumofZoology.Plus,entry(進(jìn)入)isfreeatmanyofthemuseumstoo!EdinburghEdinburgh,with172kid-friendlyeventsallyearround,isawonderfulfamilydestination.Don’tmisstheEdinburghFringeFestivalinAugust,whichisperfectforallages.ActivitiesincludeexploringEdinburghCastle,climbingArthur’sSeat,andvisitingtheCameraObscura.HarryPotterfanswillenjoythePotterTrail,atouroflocationsthatinspiredthebooks.CrawleyCrawleyisatopUKfamilytripdestination,with62parksincludingTilgatePark,whichdrawsallages.CherryLaneAdventurePlaygroundisparticularlygoodforkids,withWildWest-themedareas,sports,andyear-roundactivities.OlderchildrenwillenjoyGoApeattheTilgatePark.AnimalfanscanvisitthenearbyBritishWildlifeCentre,hometoover40nativespecies.ReadingReading,withanaveragesummertemperatureof24℃,offerswarmweather.With33parksandoutdoorareaslikeBealeWildlifePark,whichfeaturesazoo,afarmyard,areptile(爬行動(dòng)物)house,andplayareas,Readingisperfectforfamilies.Kidscanhave“animalexperiences”,learningaboutandpossiblyfeedingtheirfavoritecreatures.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutCambridge?A.MostvisitorstoCambridgeareover16yearsold.B.BathingintheRiverCammakesCambridgeunique.C.JesusGreenisaprivateparkchargingentryfees.D.ThePolarMuseumholdsdinosaurexhibitions.2.WhichplaceisattractivetoHarryPotterfans?A.EdinburghCastle. B.Arthur’sSeat.C.TheCameraObscura. D.ThePotterTrail.3.WhatdoCrawleyandReadinghaveincommon?A.Theyarehometotennativespecies.B.Theyholdyear-roundsportsactivities.C.Theyofferopportunitiestolearnaboutanimals.D.Theyareknownforhightemperaturesinsummer.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個(gè)適合家庭旅行的英國的目的地?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Cambridge中“CambridgeisatopUKdestinationforfamilysummertrips,despitehavingalmostnotouristsunder16yearsold.(劍橋是英國家庭夏季旅行的首選目的地，盡管幾乎沒有16歲以下的游客。)”可知，去劍橋的大部分都是16歲以上的游客。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Edinburgh中“HarryPotterfanswillenjoythePotterTrail,atouroflocationsthatinspiredthebooks.(哈利波特迷們將享受波特之旅，這是一次靈感來源于書籍的地點(diǎn)之旅。)”可知,thePotterTrail吸引哈利·波特迷。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Crawley中“AnimalfanscanvisitthenearbyBritishWildlifeCentre,hometoover40nativespecies.(動(dòng)物愛好者可以參觀附近的英國野生動(dòng)物中心，那里有40多種本地物種。)”和Reading中“Kidscanhave‘a(chǎn)nimalexperiences’,learningaboutandpossiblyfeedingtheirfavoritecreatures.(孩子們可以有‘動(dòng)物體驗(yàn)’，了解并可能喂養(yǎng)他們最喜歡的動(dòng)物。)”可知，這兩個(gè)地方都提供了解動(dòng)物的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。BEverydayactivitiesoftenignoretheneedsofpeoplewithdisabilities,whichledtoNicolaSwannmugs(馬克杯)becomingasymbolofkindness.Oneday,NicolaSwann,aBritishpotter,wasaskedbyherfriendtodosomethingexceptional.Thisfriend’shusbandhadproblemsusingregularmugsbecauseofaconditionthataffectedhisarmsandhands.ThisiswhereSwanndiscoveredawidespreadissue—disabledindividualsfeelinguncomfortableusingcups.Duetoadesiretohelp,Swanncameupwithananswer.Shemadethefirsttypeofherdisability-friendlymugsforherfriend’shusband.Themug,withtwohandles(把手),isbalancedandalsostylishinitsdesign.Thatwasthestartofwhatisnowcalled“Digni-TEA”mugsfromherMadewithMudbusiness.Withoutfail,Swannwasdeterminedtomakemugsthatlookedlikeeverydaydrinkingcups.Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.Swann’sdecisiontocallherproducts“Digni-TEA”ismorethanjustachoiceofname.Hergoalistogivepeoplebacktheirdignity(尊嚴(yán))sotheycandrinkfromaregularmugwithoutworryingaboutmedicalhelp.Swann’smugs,sharedonsocialmedia,gainedwidespreadattentionwithmillionsofviews.Peopleappreciatedtheirsimplicityandusefulness,whichtheyfeltmatchedeverydaydignity.Acommentsays,“Asaprofessionaldoctor,Ilovethis!Theyareimportanttomypatients.Greatwork!”“Ihaveterriblerheumatoidarthritis(類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎),andtheseseemsouseful.Thedoublehandlesarewonderful,”saysanothercomment.4.WhatinspiredSwanntomakedisability-friendlymugs?A.Herchildhoodhobby.B.Herpoorlivingcondition.C.Herdesireforbeingfamous.D.Herfriend’scallforassistance.5.WhydidSwanncreatearangeofdesignsofmugs?A.Tomakehermugsunique. B.Tomeetdiverseneeds.C.Toshowherspecialskills. D.Toincreaseproductsales.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSwann?A.Caringandcreative. B.Seriousandimpolite.C.Braveandenergetic. D.Honestandresponsible.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了NicolaSwann朋友的丈夫因疾病導(dǎo)致在使用杯子時(shí)感到不舒服，然后她為朋友的丈夫制作無障礙馬克杯，并設(shè)計(jì)了不同需求、不同風(fēng)格的馬克杯的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Oneday,NicolaSwann,aBritishpotter,wasaskedbyherfriendtodosomethingexceptional.Thisfriend’shusbandhadproblemsusingregularmugsbecauseofaconditionthataffectedhisarmsandhands.(一天，NicolaSwann，一位英國陶藝家，被她的朋友請(qǐng)求做一件與眾不同的事。這位朋友的丈夫因?yàn)槭直酆褪值膯栴}而不能使用普通的馬克杯)”可知，朋友的求助啟發(fā)了Swann，她制作了殘疾人友好型馬克杯。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.(她認(rèn)識(shí)到，無障礙不應(yīng)以犧牲風(fēng)格為代價(jià)。每個(gè)人的殘疾經(jīng)歷都是獨(dú)一無二的。所以她做了很多不同的款式供大家使用，從雙把手到加重底)”可知，Swann設(shè)計(jì)了一系列的馬克杯來滿足不同的需求。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Duetoadesiretohelp,Swanncameupwithananswer.Shemadethefirsttypeofherdisability-friendlymugsforherfriend’shusband.(出于幫忙的愿望，Swann想出了一個(gè)〖答案〗。她為朋友的丈夫制作了第一款殘疾人友好型馬克杯)”和“Sherecognizedthataccessibilityshouldnotcomeatthecostofstyle.Everyone’sexperiencewithadisabilityisunique.Soshemademanydifferentstylesforeveryonetouse,fromdoublehandlestoweightedbottoms.(她認(rèn)識(shí)到，無障礙不應(yīng)以犧牲風(fēng)格為代價(jià)。每個(gè)人的殘疾經(jīng)歷都是獨(dú)一無二的。所以她做了很多不同的款式供大家使用，從雙把手到加重底)”可知，Swann幫助朋友的丈夫，并考慮到不同殘疾人的需求，設(shè)計(jì)不同風(fēng)格的馬克杯，說明她是體貼人的，也是富有創(chuàng)造力的。故選A項(xiàng)。CIt’seasynottothinkmuchabouttheintelligenceofinsects.Smallcreatureswithevensmallerbrains—howsmartcantheybe?Butasresearchersbegintorethinkhowanimalsthink,eveninsectsarebeingseeninanewlight.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityorBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.Totestthebutterflies’spatiallearningabilities,theresearcherssetupexperimentsacrossthreedifferentspatiallevels,eachreflectingbehaviorssignificanttotheirnaturalenvironment.First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宮)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT-mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.Thestudy’sseniorauthor,Dr.StephenMontgomery,notesthatthesefindingsshowthedifficultbehaviorsthatevenfamiliaranimalslikebutterfliesexhibitaspartoftheirnaturalecology(生態(tài)).Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformdifficulttasks—allwithbrainsjustafewmillimeterswide.TheresearchersplantofurtherinvestigateHeliconiusbutterflies’spatiallearningabilitiesbycomparingthemtocloselyrelatedspeciesthatdonotfeedonpollen(花粉).Thiswillhelpshowhowananimal'senvironmentcanaffectthedevelopmentofitsthinkingskills.Co-leadauthorDr.PriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies’fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthenewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.7.WhatdidtheUniversityofBristol’sstudyfindaboutHehicomiusbutterflies?A.Theyarecapableofspatiallearning.B.Theyrequireassistanceinfindingfood.C.Theycanflylongdistanceswithoutrest.D.Theyhaveasocialcirclelikeotherinsects.8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyfocuson?A.Theresearchbenefits. B.Theresearchprocess.C.Theresearchpapers. D.Theresearchteam.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilizing”inparagraph3mean?A.Checking. B.Seeking. C.Judging. D.Using.10.WhatisDr.PriscilaMoura’sattitudetowardthefindings?A.Doubtful. B.Puzzled. C.Supportive. D.Unclear.〖答案〗7.A8.B9.D10.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于蝴蝶空間學(xué)習(xí)能力的研究?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityorBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.(現(xiàn)在，布里斯托爾大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，Heliconius蝴蝶具有學(xué)習(xí)空間的能力。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蝴蝶具有空間學(xué)習(xí)能力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章第二段中“First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宮)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT-mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.(首先，他們檢查蝴蝶是否能在小區(qū)域內(nèi)的16朵花中找到食物。接下來，他們擴(kuò)大了空間，看看蝴蝶是否能在更大的迷宮中選擇正確的一側(cè)作為食物。最后，他們用一個(gè)大的戶外籠子，看看蝴蝶是否能穿過一個(gè)寬闊的T形迷宮尋找食物。蝴蝶在所有測試中都成功了。)”以及本段上文可知，文章第二段主要介紹了研究人員如何設(shè)置實(shí)驗(yàn)來測試蝴蝶的空間學(xué)習(xí)能力，故本段主要聚焦研究過程。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformdifficulttasks—allwithbrainsjustafewmillimeterswide.(這些物種正在處理來自環(huán)境的各種信息，并這些信息執(zhí)行艱巨的任務(wù)——所有這些任務(wù)只用只有幾毫米寬大腦完成。)”可知，這些物種處理來自環(huán)境的多樣化信息，接下來應(yīng)該是“利用”多樣化信息來執(zhí)行困難的任務(wù)。所以猜測utilizing表“利用”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Co-leadauthorDr.PriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies’fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthenewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.(共同主要作者PriscilaMoura博士強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性，稱它們?yōu)楹匀说目臻g學(xué)習(xí)能力提供了實(shí)際證據(jù)，這一主題已經(jīng)討論了近一個(gè)世紀(jì)。有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)，研究人員可以繼續(xù)探索昆蟲的智力和行為。)”可知，Dr.PriscilaMoura強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性，這表明Dr.PriscilaMoura對(duì)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)持支持態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Citygardensareuniquespotsinbusycities.Whowouldnotliketotakeabreakfromthebusylifeandvisitthesepeacefulplacesfulloflifeandcolours?____11____Theytakecareofthegardensandturnthemintocolourfulplacesforalltoenjoy.Gardensareremindersthatweshouldslowdownandappreciatethebeautyofnature.____12____There,thewindhitsgentlyonyourfacewhilecarryingarefreshingfragrance(香味)offlowers.Soundscalm,right?Thesoundofnaturecalmsthemindlikethelittlebeeshummingorleaveswhisperingtoeachotherinthemildwind.____13____It’sasifthey’retellingsoftlystoriesoftheearth’swondersforthosewhocareandlovetolistentothem.Theseplacesaren’tjustpretty;theyareaperfectplacetohangoutwithyourfamilyorfriends.Theyarelikecommunitycenterswhereeveryoneiswelcometochat,playgames,exercise,anddowhatevertheirheartdesires.____14____Youcanplantyourowngardeninthebackyardandenjoyitsquietness.Itisscientificallyproventhatspendingtimearoundthegreenscanaffectyourmood(心情)positivelyandhelpyougetmentalpeace.Everyoneshouldvisitcitygardensmonthlyforapeacefulbreak.Wheneveryou’refeelingstressed,gotorelaxinnature.Andwhenyoudo,don’tforgettogiveanodtothegardeningserviceteams.____15____A.They’remakingitallpossible.B.Imaginewalkinginacitygarden.C.It’slikenature’sownconversation.D.That’swheregardenersarediscovered.E.Gardeningisnothinglessthanatreatment.F.Whatmakesthemevenmorespecialarethegardeners.G.It’seasytokeepthesegardensgood-lookingandlively.〖答案〗11.F12.B13.C14.E15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了城市花園在現(xiàn)代都市生活中的重要性和多重益處。【11題詳析】由上文“Citygardensareuniquespotsinbusycities.Whowouldnotliketotakeabreakfromthebusylifeandvisitthesepeacefulplacesfulloflifeandcolours?(城市花園是繁忙城市中的獨(dú)特景點(diǎn)。誰不想從繁忙的生活中休息一下，參觀這些充滿生機(jī)和色彩的寧靜之地呢？)”可知，這里主要講城市花園的魅力，而F項(xiàng)Whatmakesthemevenmorespecialarethegardeners.(讓它們更特別的是園丁。)符合語境，其中them指代上文Citygardens，thegardeners也與下文They對(duì)應(yīng)，所以本句有承上啟下作用。故選F項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】由下文“There,thewindhitsgentlyonyourfacewhilecarryingarefreshingfragrance(香味)offlowers.Soundscalm,right?(在那里，風(fēng)輕輕地吹在你的臉上，同時(shí)帶著清新的花香。聽起來很平靜，對(duì)吧？)”可知，這里主要講花園中的風(fēng)景，而B項(xiàng)Imaginewalkinginacitygarden.(想象一下在城市花園里散步。)符合語境，其中inacitygarden與下文There對(duì)應(yīng)，有啟下作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】由上文“Thesoundofnaturecalmsthemindlikethelittlebeeshummingorleaveswhisperingtoeachotherinthemildwind.(大自然的聲音讓心靈平靜下來，就像小蜜蜂在微風(fēng)中嗡嗡作響或樹葉在竊竊私語。)”可知，這里主要講大自然對(duì)心靈的作用，而C項(xiàng)It’slikenature’sownconversation.(這就像大自然自己的對(duì)話。)符合語境，其中It代指上文Thesoundofnature，有承上作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】由下文“Youcanplantyourowngardeninthebackyardandenjoyitsquietness.Itisscientificallyproventhatspendingtimearoundthegreenscanaffectyourmood(心情)positivelyandhelpyougetmentalpeace.(你可以在后院種植自己的花園，享受它的寧靜?？茖W(xué)證明，花時(shí)間在果嶺周圍可以積極影響你的情緒，幫助你獲得心理平靜。)”可知，本段提出建議，鼓勵(lì)人們自己種植花園，并提到這樣做對(duì)心情有積極影響。而E項(xiàng)Gardeningisnothinglessthanatreatment.(園藝就是一種治療。)符合語境，對(duì)下文有總括作用，其中atreatment與下文getmentalpeace對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】由上文“Everyoneshouldvisitcitygardensmonthlyforapeacefulbreak.Wheneveryou'refeelingstressed,gotorelaxinnature.Andwhenyoudo,don'tforgettogiveanodtothegardeningserviceteams.(每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該每月去城市花園放松一下。每當(dāng)你感到壓力時(shí)，去大自然放松一下。當(dāng)你這樣做的時(shí)候，別忘了向園藝服務(wù)團(tuán)隊(duì)點(diǎn)頭致敬。)”可知，本段進(jìn)行總結(jié)，建議每個(gè)人每月至少去一次城市花園放松，同時(shí)要感謝園藝服務(wù)團(tuán)隊(duì)。而A項(xiàng)They’remakingitallpossible.(他們讓這一切成為可能。)符合語境，其中They代指上文thegardeningserviceteams，有承上作用。故選A項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分57.5分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。UscarRiveraclimbedupathree-floorbuildingtosavehisneighborfromahousefire.OnApril14th,Riverawas___16___aplayfulbackyardmomentwithhischildrenwhen___17___heheardaloudnoise.Rushingtohisfrontyard,he___18___thehouseacrossthestreetenvelopedinflames(火焰),withcriesfor___19___comingfromwithin.Fearingthefiredepartmentwouldn’tarriveintime,Rivera___20___tohelp.Sohejumpedintoaction.Hebroughtoveraladder(梯子)and___21___itagainsttheburningbuilding.Despitethepowerfulsmoke,Riveraclimbeduptothe___22___onthethirdfloor.Amaninsidecriedout“Helpme.Ican’twalk!”Without___23___,Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindowjustasprofessional___24___arrivedonthescene.“Ilookedattheguy,whowasfrightened,___25___help,”Riverarecalled(回憶)aboutthe___26___.“Atthemoment,Iwasn’t___27___.TosavehimisallthatI___28___todo.”Rivera’scourageousactshowstheselflessnatureofahero—a(n)___29___toriskhisownsafetytosaveanother.Hisbehavior___30___thatheroesdoexistandtheyoftencomeinthemostunexpectedforms.16.A.imagining B.enjoying C.describing D.expecting17.A.suddenly B.eventually C.definitely D.regularly18.A.bought B.built C.spotted D.decorated19.A.help B.permission C.advice D.recognition20.A.remembered B.learned C.failed D.decided21.A.knocked B.placed C.protected D.measured22.A.shelf B.roof C.window D.door23.A.hesitation B.luck C.doubt D.regret24.A.volunteers B.coaches C.lawyers D.firefighters25.A.headingto B.dependingon C.callingfor D.thinkingof26.A.rescue B.escape C.company D.impact27.A.worried B.scared C.pleased D.shocked28.A.happened B.refused C.pretended D.desired29.A.opportunity B.ability C.willingness D.moment30.A.proves B.promises C.requires D.claims〖答案〗16.B17.A18.C19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述UscarRivera爬上了一棟三層樓的建筑，從房屋火災(zāi)中救出了他的鄰居的故事?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：4月14日，Rivera和他的孩子們在后院玩得很開心，突然他聽到一聲巨響。A.imagining想象；B.enjoying享受；C.describing描述；D.expecting期望。由下文“aplayfulbackyardmomentwithhischildren”以及語境可知，這里指Rivera正“享受”和孩子一起的時(shí)光。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：4月14日，Rivera和他的孩子們在后院玩得很開心，突然他聽到一聲巨響。A.suddenly突然地；B.eventually最終；C.definitely明確地；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。由下文“heheardaloudnoise”以及語境可知，這里指正在享受開心時(shí)光時(shí)“突然”Rivera聽到一聲巨響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他沖到前院，發(fā)現(xiàn)街對(duì)面的房子被火焰籠罩，屋里傳來呼救聲。A.bought買；B.built修建；C.spotted看見；D.decorated裝飾。由下文“thehouseacrossthestreetenvelopedinflames”可知，這里指Rivera“看見”對(duì)面著火了。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沖到前院，發(fā)現(xiàn)街對(duì)面的房子被火焰籠罩，屋里傳來呼救聲。A.help幫助；B.permission許可；C.advice建議；D.recognition認(rèn)可。由下文“help”可知，這里屋里傳出尋求“幫助”的叫聲。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于擔(dān)心消防部門不能及時(shí)趕到，Rivera決定幫忙。A.remembered記得；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.failed失?。籇.decided決定。由下文“Sohejumpedintoaction”可知，這里指Rivera“決定”幫忙。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他搬來一個(gè)梯子，把它靠在燃燒的大樓上。A.knocked敲；B.placed放置；C.protected保護(hù)；D.measured測量。由下文“againsttheburningbuilding”可知，這里指把梯子“放置”靠在燃燒的大樓上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管濃煙滾滾，Rivera還是爬上了三樓的窗戶。A.shelf架子；B.roof屋頂；C.window窗口；D.door門。由下文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”可知，這里指，Rivera爬上了三樓的“窗戶”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)專業(yè)消防員趕到現(xiàn)場時(shí)，Rivera毫不猶豫地英勇地將他從窗戶里拉了出來。A.hesitation猶豫；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.doubt懷疑；D.regret后悔。由下文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”可知，這里指Rivera毫不“猶豫”開始實(shí)施營救。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)專業(yè)消防員趕到現(xiàn)場時(shí)，Rivera毫不猶豫地英勇地將他從窗戶里拉了出來。A.volunteers志愿者；B.coaches教練；C.lawyers律師；D.firefighters消防員。由上文“Fearingthefiredepartmentwouldn’tarriveintime”可知，這里指“消防員”趕到了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：Rivera回憶起救援時(shí)說：“我看著那個(gè)嚇壞了的家伙，他在呼救?！盇.headingto前往；B.dependingon取決于；C.callingfor呼吁，要求；D.thinkingof考慮。由上文“withcriesforcomingfromwithin”可知，這里指被救人正在“要求”幫助，即呼救。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rivera回憶起救援時(shí)說：“我看著那個(gè)嚇壞了的家伙，他在呼救?！盇.rescue營救；B.escape逃跑；C.company陪同；D.impact影響。由上文“Riveraheroicallypulledhimfromthewindow”以及語境可知，這里指回憶這次“營救”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻，我并不害怕。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.scared害怕的；C.pleased高興的；D.shocked震驚的。由上文“Without”可知，這里Rivera毫不猶豫，所以他并不“害怕的”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我只想救他。A.happened發(fā)生；B.refused拒絕；C.pretended假裝；D.desired想。由上文“Tosavehim”以及語境可知，這里指救人是Rivera當(dāng)時(shí)唯一“想”做的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rivera的勇敢行為表明了英雄的無私本性——愿意冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去拯救他人。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；B.ability能力；C.willingness愿意；D.moment時(shí)刻。由下文“riskhisownsafetytosaveanother”以及語境可知，這里指英雄就是“愿意”冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去拯救他人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的行為證明英雄確實(shí)存在，而且他們經(jīng)常以最意想不到的形式出現(xiàn)。A.proves證明；B.promises承諾；C.requires需要；D.claims聲稱。由上文“Hisbehavior”以及語境可知，這里指Rivera的行為“證明”英雄確實(shí)存在。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThehistoryoftheChinesefan___31___(date)backtoover3,000yearsago,aroundtheShangDynasty.NamedShanhan,oneofthe___32___(early)known“fans”inChinawasn’tlikethehand-heldoneswestillseetoday.Theyweretiedtoahorse-drawncarriage(馬車)andusedtoblocktheheatofthesunandshelter___33___(passenger)fromtherain(muchliketoday’sumbrella).However,theShanhansoondevelopedintoalong-handledfan.Thelong-handledfan___34___(call)theZhangshan.Madeofthin,yettoughsilkorbirdfeathers,thistypeoffanwas___35___(main)usedbytheemperor’s(皇帝的)honorguardfordecoration.Itwasn’tuntiltheZhouDynasty,morethan2,000yearsago,thatpeoplestartedusingfoldingfans___36___(cool)down.The“featherfan”becamepopularamongtheworthypeople___37___contributedpositivelytosocietybecauseitwasextremelyexpensivetoproduce.DuringtheHanDynasty,thefanbecamepopularamongcommonpeopleasmore___38___(afford)bamboofanswereinvented.FromitsbeginningduringtheShangDynasty___39___havingover500kindsoffansinChinatoday,foldingfanshavestoodthetestoftime____40____theyarestillwidelypopular—notonlyinChinabutalsoaroundtheworld.〖答案〗31.dates32.earliest33.passengers34.wascalled35.mainly36.tocool37.who/that38.affordable39.to40.and【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了中國扇子的歷史發(fā)展，從最初的馬車上用于遮陽避雨的扇子，到長柄扇和折扇的演變，以及扇子在不同社會(huì)階層中的流行情況?！?1題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：中國扇子的歷史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝左右。datesbackto(追溯到；始于)是謂語動(dòng)詞，與主語Thehistory之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。故填dates?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：被稱為扇汗，是中國最早為人所知的“扇子”之一，它并不像我們今天仍然看到的手持扇子?！皁neof+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”是固定短語，意為“最……之一”，用形容詞最高級(jí)the

earliest作定語。故填earliest。【33題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它們被綁在馬車上，用來阻擋太陽的熱量，并為乘客遮雨(很像今天的雨傘)?？蓴?shù)名詞passenger作賓語，前面沒有冠詞修飾，結(jié)合句意，乘客不止一位，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填passengers?！?4題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：長柄扇被稱為張山。call(給……命名；稱呼)是謂語動(dòng)詞，與主語Thelong-handledfan之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，描述過去的事情用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語是單數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。故填wascalled?！?5題詳析】考查副詞。句意：這種扇子主要由皇帝的儀仗隊(duì)用作裝飾。修飾謂語動(dòng)詞wasused，應(yīng)用副詞mainly作狀語，意為“主要地”。故填mainly?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：直到2000多年前的周朝，人們才開始使用折疊扇來降溫。usesthtodosth是固定搭配，意為“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的狀語。故填tocool?！?7題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：“羽扇”在值得尊敬的人中很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗麄優(yōu)樯鐣?huì)做出了積極的貢獻(xiàn)，而且它的制作成本非常高。空格處單詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞people，指人，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞who或者that引導(dǎo)該從句。故填who/that?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：在漢朝時(shí)期，由于發(fā)明了更多價(jià)格適中的竹扇，扇子在普通人中流行起來?！继崾尽皆~修飾名詞bamboofans，用形容詞形式affordable作定語，意為“便宜的；價(jià)格實(shí)惠的”。故填affordable。【39題詳析】考查介詞。句意：從商朝開始到今天中國擁有500多種扇子，折疊扇經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)，并且它們?nèi)匀粡V受歡迎——不僅在中國，而且在世界各地。from…to…是固定搭配，意為“從……到……”。故填to?！?0題詳析】考查連詞。句意：從商朝開始到今天中國擁有500多種扇子，折疊扇經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)，并且它們?nèi)匀粡V受歡迎——不僅在中國，而且在世界各地?！癴oldingfanshavestoodthetestoftime”和“theyarestillwidelypopular”是兩個(gè)并列分句，用并列連詞and連接。故填and。第三節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)根據(jù)所給單詞的首字母或漢語〖提示〗，在答題卡上寫出空缺單詞的正確完整形式，每空一詞。41.TherearecountlessarticlestellingushowtheInternethasmadeourlivesmore_______(便利的).(根據(jù)漢語意思單詞拼寫)〖答案〗convenient【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：有無數(shù)的文章告訴我們互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何使我們的生活更方便。根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗可知，convenient便利的，形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，符合題意。故填convenient。42.Thefourcountriesthatb________totheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗belong【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這四個(gè)屬于英國的國家在某些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行合作。他們使用同樣的旗幟，即英國國旗，并且使用同樣的貨幣和軍事防御。根據(jù)“totheUnitedKingdom”和首字母〖提示〗可推知，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞belong，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語belongto，意為“屬于”，且結(jié)合“worktogether”可知，此處在介紹一般性的事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞Thefourcountries，先行詞在從句中作主語，belong應(yīng)用原形。故填belong。43.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintoonep______.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗performance【詳析】考查名詞。句意：受到啟發(fā)，他讓粉絲們制作視頻，然后他把這些視頻拼接成一場表演。根據(jù)句意以及首字母可知，空處應(yīng)為名詞performance，作賓語，由空前one可知，應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式。故填performance。44.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyare________(感激的)fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.（根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗單詞拼寫）〖答案〗grateful/thankful【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：人們慶祝是為了表達(dá)他們對(duì)這一年食物供應(yīng)的感激之情。begrateful/thankfulfor對(duì)……感激。根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗及句意，故填grateful/thankful。45.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theh________festivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagriculturefestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗harvest【詳析】考查名詞。句意：在所有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中，收獲節(jié)幾乎可以在每一種文化中找到。這個(gè)重要的農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)日是在所有的莊稼收割完畢之后舉行的。根據(jù)空格后的名詞festival再根據(jù)首字母〖提示〗可知，此處用名詞harvest作定語修飾名詞festival表示“收獲節(jié)”符合語境。故填harvest。46.Dr.Lindidnot________(退休)untilthedayshedied,22April1983.(根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗單詞拼寫）〖答案〗retire【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：林醫(yī)生直到1983年4月22日去世那天才退休。didnot后接動(dòng)詞原形，根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗及句意，故填retire。47.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,________(發(fā)表，出版)medicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.（根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗單詞拼寫）〖答案〗publishing【詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她更感興趣的是照顧病人，發(fā)表關(guān)于婦女和兒童護(hù)理的醫(yī)學(xué)研究，以及培訓(xùn)下一代醫(yī)生。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，“發(fā)表，出版”英文為publish，邏輯主語She與publish之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗及句意，故填publishing。48.Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethato___________in1906.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗occurred【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這是一座多么偉大的城市——一座在1906年地震后能夠自我重建的城市。根據(jù)句意和首字母可知，此處表示“發(fā)生”，為動(dòng)詞occur，在that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中作謂語，由in1906可知，句子描述過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填occurred。49.Toe________aliving,someChineseopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗earn【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：為了謀生，一些中國人在唐人街開了商店和餐館。根據(jù)句意和首字母可知，空處為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語，earnaliving謀生，符合句意。故填earn。50.Theymakev________tocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗vehicles【詳析】考查名詞。句意：他們制造了運(yùn)載工具，將勇敢的人送入太空，以發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙的秘密。根據(jù)首字母和中文〖提示〗可知，此空應(yīng)填vehicle表“交通工具”，為可數(shù)名詞，且空前沒有冠詞，所以這里應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式作賓語。故填vehicles。51.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellitewas________(發(fā)射)bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.(根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗單詞拼寫)〖答案〗launched【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞和語態(tài)。句意：1957年10月4日，蘇聯(lián)發(fā)射了Sputnik1號(hào)衛(wèi)星，并成功繞地球軌道運(yùn)行。根據(jù)句意和中文〖提示〗可知，表示“發(fā)射”應(yīng)用launch，為動(dòng)詞，主語theSputnik1satellite與launch之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式與前面was構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填launched。52.Aboutamonthago,Iwas________(乘船航行),andtowardsnightIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.〖答案〗sailing/navigating【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：大約一個(gè)月前，我在航海，天快黑的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風(fēng)吹到了海上?！俺舜叫小笔侵^語，用動(dòng)詞sail或者navigate表示，與主語I之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意空格前助動(dòng)詞was可知，描述過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正發(fā)生的事情用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式sailing/navigating。故填sailing/navigating。53.DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko’shouseandangrily________(指控;指責(zé))himofstealingthelamb.(根據(jù)漢語〖提示〗單詞拼寫)〖答案〗accused【詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：迪米特里立刻跑到阿列科家，憤怒地指責(zé)他偷了羊羔。指控；指責(zé)為accuse，根據(jù)went可知，描述過去發(fā)生的事，為一般過去時(shí)。故填accused。54.Hedescribeditas“averyagreeablesituationl________withintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver”.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)〖答案〗