選擇性必修三UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGEUSINGLANGUAGE2（31張）

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGELearnaboutoptimismandperseverance1.Toreadthearticleandanswersomequestions2.TowriteanessayaboutthestoryofShackletonandhismenontheshipEnduranceImagineweweremembersofthecrew,whatcanweeatanddrinkandhow?Whatelsecanwedoontheisland?Howcanwecheerourselfup?THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCE1.ThisisacontinuationofthestoryofShackleton’smenwhowereleftonElephantIsland.InPairs,predictwhathappenedthecrewmembers.Thenreadthememoirbelowtoseeifyourpredictionswerecorrect.Scanthepassageandfigureoutthedifficultiestheymet.Difficulties:melticetogetwaterburnanimalfattomakefirestayingalivefoodwaternovegetablesorfruitonlyeatseacreaturesweatherchangingtemperaturesSweatfreezesveryquickly.illnesschangingweatherblacksmokeattitudeoptimistic,positive,celebrationactivitiesrescuedrelief,joy1.Whatdidthemeneatanddrinkontheisland?2.Whatwerethedangersoflivingontheisland?Readthetextagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.Theyateseacreaturesanddrankthewatermelticefromtheocean.Thechangingtemperaturescouldmakethemill.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Theyalsobecameillfromtheblacksmoke.Itdamagedtheireyesandburnttheirlungs.Howdidthemenstayingoodspiritswhilewaitingtoberescued?Theirdisciplineandteamspiritkeptthemoptimisticandhelpedthemdealwiththeirfearinapositiveandsuccessfulway.Theyalsocelebratedtheirbirthdays,festivalsandeventhetimeswhentheycaughtaseaanimal.Whatdoyouthinkwerethekeyreasonsfortheirsurvival?

5.IfyouwereoneofthemenonElephantIsland,wouldyouhavetrustedShackleton?Whyorwhynot?TheiroptimismandfaithinShackletonhadhelpedthempersevereinstayingalive.1.Thisgaveoffoily,blacksmoke,butitstayedburningeveninstrongwinds.giveoff放出（熱、光、氣味或氣體）【拓展】give構(gòu)成的其他短語：giveout

發(fā)出（尖叫等）；分發(fā)；用完givein

屈服；投降giveaway泄露（秘密）；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā)giveback歸還，送回【語境應(yīng)用】用give的相關(guān)短語完成句子。1)Happierpeoplearemorelikelytovolunteer,to_________money,tohelpothersandtobefriendly.2)Thewood_______asweetsmellasitburns.3)Mymoneywasbeginningto_______andtherewerenojobstobefound.giveawaygivesoffgiveout2.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.本句是虛擬條件句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。if從句的謂語形式是were/動(dòng)詞過去式，其對(duì)應(yīng)的主句的謂語形式是would+動(dòng)詞原形。egIfIlivednearmyoffice,Iwouldwalktowork.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldplantsometreesroundthehouse.【拓展】虛擬句中主句和從句的謂語形式一覽表從句謂語的形式主句謂語的形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反had+過去分詞would/could/should/mighthave+過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）wereto+動(dòng)詞原形should+動(dòng)詞原形would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形【語境應(yīng)用】判斷下列句子是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反、過去事實(shí)相反還是與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful._______________________2.IfIknewhernumber,Icouldringherup._______________________3.IfIweretodothejob,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway._______________________與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)3.Andhepaidusbackbyhiscommitmenttosaveusfromaslowbutpainfuldeath.payback償還；報(bào)復(fù)egWearepayingbacktheloanover15years.ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.【拓展】

payoff付清，還清(債務(wù))；計(jì)劃等取得成功egSandrawasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistencepaidoff.commitmentn.1)

apromise許諾；承諾makeacommitmentto…

對(duì)…做出承諾carryoutone’scommitment

履行某人的承諾makeacommitmenttodosth.保證/承諾做某事egOurcompanyhasmadeacommitmenttoqualityandcustomerservice.

2)thehardworkandloyalty獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)，投入egIwasimpressedbytheenergyandcommitmentshownbytheplayers.【同根詞】

commitvt.犯罪；承諾；投入（時(shí)間、金錢等）

commitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth.

承諾做某事egMeetingthemdoesn’tcommitustoanything.和他們會(huì)面并不表示我們會(huì)承諾什么。

committedadj.盡心盡力的，堅(jiān)信的，堅(jiān)定的

becommittedto(doing)sth.承諾做某事egWearefullycommittedtoEqualOpportunitypolicies.【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1.TheCanadiangovernmentiscommittedto____________(advance)theequalityandtheuseofEnglishandFrench.2.Chinaremainsfirminits______________(commit)tostrengtheningfriendshipandcooperationwithothercountriesonthebasisoftheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistence.advancingcommitmentBasedonthediaryentriesandthememoiryouhaveread,writeanessayaboutthestoryofShackletonandhismenontheshipEndurance.Readthestoryagainandthinkaboutthefollowingquestions.Makenoteswithyouranswers.*HowdoestheauthordescribeShackletonandhiscrewmembers?*WhatkindofrelationshipdidShackletonhavewithhiscrew?*Whatstrugglesdidtheyface?*Whatwerethemotives(n.

動(dòng)機(jī))fortheiractions?*Whatdidyoulikemostaboutthestory?2.Beginyouressaywithabriefsummaryofthestory.Remembertoincludewho,what,where,when,why,andhow.whowhenwherehowMaincontentwhatwhy3.Useyournotesandciteexamplestoexplainwhatyouthinkaboutthecharacters.4.Endyouressaybytalkingabouthowthestorymadeyoufeel,andgiveyouroverallimpressionsoftheexpeditionandthemenwhowentonit.Explainwhyyoufellthisway.AnswerthequestionsReadthepassageagainandanswerthequestionsWriteabriefsummarywho,what,when,where,how,whyIdeasEndingWhatdoyouthinkofthecharactersaccordingtoyournotesandexamplestalkabouthowthestorymadeyoufeelandgiveyouroverallimpressionsoftheexpeditionandthemenwhowentonit概要寫作：1.通讀全文，理解文章大意或找出主題句可以運(yùn)用略讀的方法歸納大意，也可通過找主題句獲取大意；只有通讀全文、理解文本大意，才能把握文本的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和主旨，為寫作奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。概要寫作：2.細(xì)讀文本，抓住要點(diǎn)，省略細(xì)節(jié)、重復(fù)和例子在掌握全文大意后，我們要找出每段的中心句或試著自己概括段落大意。確保要點(diǎn)齊全、概括精準(zhǔn)。除了各段主題句之外，文本還會(huì)有很多的細(xì)節(jié)、例子，或者可能會(huì)重復(fù)論證、說明某個(gè)主題。這時(shí)，我們只需概括原文中的主要事實(shí)，同時(shí)去掉例子、略去不必要的細(xì)節(jié)、刪除那些突出強(qiáng)調(diào)的重復(fù)句。3.改寫要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，并適當(dāng)使用連接詞運(yùn)用所學(xué)的語言知識(shí)，用自己的語言對(duì)各要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行改寫。我們應(yīng)思考怎樣用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞把各個(gè)要點(diǎn)連接起來，從而使行文連貫。這樣不僅能夠把文章中的句子巧妙地連接在一起，還可使文章顯得自然，層層展開，從而完整地表達(dá)中心思想。我們應(yīng)盡量選用一些短小的連接詞，如but、then、thus、yet、though、therefore、while等。概要寫作：對(duì)這篇文章進(jìn)行概要寫作時(shí)，首先要注意歸納每段的主題句和關(guān)鍵詞。Para.1：簡(jiǎn)述目前情況；Para.2-4：重點(diǎn)介紹滯留在象島上等待救援遇到的麻煩和困境。Para.5：講述永不放棄的精神支撐大家堅(jiān)持。Para.6：講述最后獲救時(shí)大家的心情。教你審題：概要寫作Para.1Shackletonsailedawaytogethelp.Andwefeltsoaloneanddesperate.概要寫作Para.2Lifeisregularforstayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.Weareshortofwater,food,oil.Asachef,Ishouldtrymybesttovarythemeals.Wecangooutoftenbecauseofthefreezingcondition.概要寫作Para.3Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositive