GRE（ANALYTICALWRITING）綜合模擬試卷1（共45題）

GRE（ANALYTICALWRITING）綜合模擬試卷1（共9套）（共45題）GRE（ANALYTICALWRITING）綜合模擬試卷第1套一、陳述觀點(diǎn)(本題共3題，每題1.0分，共3分。)1、Claim:Inanyfield—business,politics,education,government—thoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Reason:Thesurestpathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeclaimandthereasononwhichthatclaimisbased.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Thequestionofwhetherthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyearsisanissuewithwideimplications.Inthisdebateitisimportanttopointoutthatfailingtoimposelimitsonthedurationofpowerbenefitsonlythoseinpower,whiletheabilityoftheenterprisetosucceedasawholesuffers.Therearemanybenefitstorenewedleadership,includingmoreincentiveforproperexecutionofdutiesaswellasopportunitiesfortheapplicationofnewideasandapproachestooldproblems.But,asbeneficialasnewleadershipcanbeforachievingsuccess,thereareothermoreeffectivewaystostimulatethesameresult.Therefore,whileIagreewiththeclaimthatinanyfieldthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears,inmyopiniontherearemorereliablepathstosuccessthanrevitalizationofleadership.Onecompellingargumentinsupportoftheclaimisthatforcingthoseinpowertostepdownafterfiveyearsisnecessarytokeepleadershipmotivatedtowardachievingsuccess.Forexample,ifthepresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnotforcedtostepdownafterfouryearsunlessreelected,hewouldloseapowerfulsourceofmotivationtosuccessfullyservethewillofthepeople.If,contrarytotheclaim,presidentialtermslastedindefinitely,thepresidentcouldgovernthenationaccordingtopersonalgoalswithoutconsequence.Forthisreason,asystemwithouttermlimitsinviteslacklusterperformanceandcorruption.Thus,inanyfieldthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Secondly,thereasoninsupportoftheclaimistrueinthatoneeffectivepathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Newleadershiphastheabilitytoprovideanenterprisewithrenewedenthusiasmaswellasnewideasandapproaches.Whenanenterpriseundergoesachangeofleadership,itisoftenthecasethatthereisincreasedenthusiasmatalllevelsoftheenterprise,whichcanleadtoincreasedsuccess.Furthermore,enterprisesareequallylikelytobenefitfromnewleadershipthroughtheapplicationofnewideasandapproachestooldproblems.Notallleadershavethesamestrengthsandweaknesses,andthereforeitishighlyunlikelythatanyoneleaderwouldbeabletosolveallproblems.Byinstatingnewleadership,enterprisesaregiventheopportunitytobenefitfromthestrengthsofanewleader,whichoftenresultsintheabilitytosolvepreviouslyunmanageableproblems.Thatsaid,thereasongiveninsupportoftheclaimisnotentirelycorrect.Whileitistruethatnewleadershipcanstimulatesuccessthroughrevitalization,theassertionthatthisisthesurestpathtowardsuccessisunfounded.Amongthemanypathstosuccessthereareseveralthataremoreimportantthanrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Forinstance,revitalizationresultingfromothersourcescanleadtomoresuccessthanrevitalizationthroughleadership.Toillustratethispoint,considerthepossiblebenefitsofdiscoveringanewtechnologytoabusiness.Whenabusinessisabletooutpaceitscompetitorsbyemployingabetterproduct,oramoreefficientmeansofproduction,successisalmostguaranteed.Inlightofthisexample,itbecomesobviousthatrevitalizationthroughnewleadershipisnotthebestwaytoensuresuccess.Insummary,requiringleadershiptostepdownafterfiveyearsisaneffectivemeanstoensurethestabilityandsuccessofanyenterprise.Whilethispolicymaynotbethemosteffectivepathtosuccessduetotheexistenceofother,equallyeffectivemethods,itremainsnecessarytoensurethatleadersaremotivatedtoservetheinterestsoftheenterpriseinpursuitofsuccess.知識點(diǎn)解析：題目要求考生圍繞以下這組表述論述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)：“[主張]：在任何領(lǐng)域中，無論是商業(yè)、政治、教育還是政府，當(dāng)權(quán)者都需要在完成5年任期后下臺。[理由]：對任何企業(yè)來講，取得成功最可靠的道路就是通過更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層增加活力。”在展開論述的過程中，考生需要討論題干中支撐“主張”的“理由”。范文脈絡(luò)全篇論述了“更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層是增加組織活力的好方法，但并不是保證成功最有效的方法”的觀點(diǎn)。全文呈現(xiàn)總（第1段）一分（第2至4段）一總（第5段）的段落關(guān)系。范文的具體思路如下：第一部分：[總述]探討題干觀點(diǎn)，并點(diǎn)明論點(diǎn)“當(dāng)權(quán)者都要在完成5年任期后下臺，而且有比更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層更可靠的獲取成功的方式”。1）當(dāng)權(quán)者是否該適時(shí)讓位是個(gè)復(fù)雜的問題。2）不限制當(dāng)權(quán)者的任期只能給當(dāng)權(quán)者謀取利益，讓企業(yè)遭殃。3）更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層有許多好處，但是讓企業(yè)獲得成功的方法不僅限于更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層，還有其他更有效的方法。第二部分：[分述]圍繞論點(diǎn)展開論證。（一）迫使當(dāng)權(quán)者在任5年后下臺是必要的，這樣可以保持領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層的進(jìn)取心：1）例如，美國總統(tǒng)：①如果總統(tǒng)在完成任期后繼續(xù)當(dāng)政，他將喪失服務(wù)于人民的動(dòng)機(jī)。②如果任期無限延長，總統(tǒng)會(huì)根據(jù)自己的意志治理國家，而不會(huì)擔(dān)心有任何后果。2）沒有任期限制的體制會(huì)滋生毫無活力的管理和腐敗現(xiàn)象。（二）更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層的好處：1）更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層是任何企業(yè)取得成功的一個(gè)有效途徑。2）新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層有積極性，有新點(diǎn)子和新方法。①有新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的企業(yè)，方方面面呈現(xiàn)新氣象，能取得更大的成績。②應(yīng)用新點(diǎn)子、新方法，可以解決舊問題。a每個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)都有不同的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不可能解決所有的問題。b企業(yè)會(huì)從新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的管理中獲益，很可能解決過去不能處理的問題。（三）針對題干“理由”論述“更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層不是最好的獲取成功的方式”：1）說“更新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層”是通向成功最可靠的方法，理由并不充分。2）還有更重要的方法可以幫助企業(yè)獲得成功：①其他形式的更新會(huì)帶來更大的成功。a發(fā)現(xiàn)可應(yīng)用于商業(yè)的新技術(shù)。i應(yīng)用更好的產(chǎn)品或更有效的生產(chǎn)方式，商家更有可能戰(zhàn)勝競爭者。ii新技術(shù)可以保障企業(yè)獲得成功。第三部分：[總述]總結(jié)并重申論點(diǎn)。1）要求當(dāng)權(quán)者任滿離職是維護(hù)穩(wěn)定和企業(yè)成功的有效方式。2）雖然此政策不是最好的取得成功的方式，但對于確保領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層積極服于務(wù)企業(yè)利益來說是很有效的。2、Claim:Inanyfield—business,politics,education,government—thoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Reason:Thesurestpathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeclaimandthereasononwhichthatclaimisbased.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Thequestionofwhetherthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyearsisanissuewithwideimplications.Inthisdebateitisimportanttopointoutthatfailingtoimposelimitsonthedurationofpowerbenefitsonlythoseinpower,whiletheabilityoftheenterprisetosucceedasawholesuffers.Therearemanybenefitstorenewedleadership,includingmoreincentiveforproperexecutionofdutiesaswellasopportunitiesfortheapplicationofnewideasandapproachestooldproblems.But,asbeneficialasnewleadershipcanbeforachievingsuccess,thereareothermoreeffectivewaystostimulatethesameresult.Therefore,whileIagreewiththeclaimthatinanyfieldthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears,inmyopiniontherearemorereliablepathstosuccessthanrevitalizationofleadership.Onecompellingargumentinsupportoftheclaimisthatforcingthoseinpowertostepdownafterfiveyearsisnecessarytokeepleadershipmotivatedtowardachievingsuccess.Forexample,ifthepresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnotforcedtostepdownafterfouryearsunlessreelected,hewouldloseapowerfulsourceofmotivationtosuccessfullyservethewillofthepeople.If,contrarytotheclaim,presidentialtermslastedindefinitely,thepresidentcouldgovernthenationaccordingtopersonalgoalswithoutconsequence.Forthisreason,asystemwithouttermlimitsinviteslacklusterperformanceandcorruption.Thus,inanyfieldthoseinpowershouldstepdownafterfiveyears.Secondly,thereasoninsupportoftheclaimistrueinthatoneeffectivepathtosuccessforanyenterpriseisrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Newleadershiphastheabilitytoprovideanenterprisewithrenewedenthusiasmaswellasnewideasandapproaches.Whenanenterpriseundergoesachangeofleadership,itisoftenthecasethatthereisincreasedenthusiasmatalllevelsoftheenterprise,whichcanleadtoincreasedsuccess.Furthermore,enterprisesareequallylikelytobenefitfromnewleadershipthroughtheapplicationofnewideasandapproachestooldproblems.Notallleadershavethesamestrengthsandweaknesses,andthereforeitishighlyunlikelythatanyoneleaderwouldbeabletosolveallproblems.Byinstatingnewleadership,enterprisesaregiventheopportunitytobenefitfromthestrengthsofanewleader,whichoftenresultsintheabilitytosolvepreviouslyunmanageableproblems.Thatsaid,thereasongiveninsupportoftheclaimisnotentirelycorrect.Whileitistruethatnewleadershipcanstimulatesuccessthroughrevitalization,theassertionthatthisisthesurestpathtowardsuccessisunfounded.Amongthemanypathstosuccessthereareseveralthataremoreimportantthanrevitalizationthroughnewleadership.Forinstance,revitalizationresultingfromothersourcescanleadtomoresuccessthanrevitalizationthroughleadership.Toillustratethispoint,considerthepossiblebenefitsofdiscoveringanewtechnologytoabusiness.Whenabusinessisabletooutpaceitscompetitorsbyemployingabetterproduct,oramoreefficientmeansofproduction,successisalmostguaranteed.Inlightofthisexample,itbecomesobviousthatrevitalizationthroughnewleadershipisnotthebestwaytoensuresuccess.Insummary,requiringleadershiptostepdownafterfiveyearsisaneffectivemeanstoensurethestabilityandsuccessofanyenterprise.Whilethispolicymaynotbethemosteffectivepathtosuccessduetotheexistenceofother,equallyeffectivemethods,itremainsnecessarytoensurethatleadersaremotivatedtoservetheinterestsoftheenterpriseinpursuitofsuccess.知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析3、Claim:Nationsshouldsuspendgovernmentfundingfortheartswhensignificantnumbersoftheircitizensarehungryorunemployed.Reason:Itisinappropriate—and,perhaps,evencruel—tousepublicresourcestofundtheartswhenpeople’sbasicneedsarenotbeingmet.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeclaimandthereasononwhichthatclaimisbased.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：ThereisaChineseproverb,attributedtoMoZi,"Agrainofriceisadropofsweat."Perhapstheartistswiththeirhandsoutwoulddowelltorememberthatwisdombeforebeggingforalivingatpublicexpense.Therearethreelinesofreasoningthatsupportcuttingfundingfortheartsinhardtimes.Tobeginwith,thereissimpleeconomics.Everyfamily,whenitcomestotimetotightenitsbelt,cutstheentertainmentbudgetfirst.Yettheartistswouldhavethegovernmentfundtheireffortswhennooneispayingforthem.Whatisthedifferencebetweenprivateeconomyandpublichere?Itcannotbethattherearetwosourcesofmoney,privateandpublic.Allpublicmoneyistaxmoney,takenfromthecitizens.Amanwhocannotaffordtogotoamovieorconcertis,bytheartist’slogic,stilltobeforcedpayingforthesame.Worse,thecoercioniscovert,buriedingovernmentspendingbills.Second,fundingtheartsintimesofhardshipiselitist.Menwhoworkwiththeirhandscannotfindwork;menwhoneverworkedwiththeirhandsasktobeguaranteedaliving.Ifthegovernmentcannotensurethatordinarypeoplecangettheirliving,bywhatlogicisittosupportthosewhocannotearnalivinganddothegovernmentitselfnoappreciableservice?Privilegemustbesupportedbyclearreasons.Finally,thebusinessofgovernmentasspelledoutintheConstitutionistoprovideforthepersonalandpropertysecurityofitscitizensandfacilitatetrade.Traditionally,thishasbeenheldtoextendtoanarmy,apoliceandjudiciary,andmaintaininginfrastructure.Itisdifficulttosquarethesedutieswithsupportforthearts,saveasanoptionalluxuryitem.Tocountertheseobjections,one’sopponentmightciteErasmus,"WhenIhavemoney,Ibuybooks.WhenIhavemuchmoney,Ibuyfoodaswell."Therearemoreimportantthingsthanmerefood,theargumentmightrun.Thepeopleneedupliftandcivilizationaswell.Moreover,theartsloverwillmaintainthemoneythatgoestotheartsisbutapittancecomparedwiththetrulymonstrousmilitaryspendingthatthecountryengagesin.Sincethatformeramountislow,whetheritisspentorsavedmatterslittleintheschemeofgovernmentfinance.Thesearethestandardarguments.Tothemitmustberepliedfirstthatmodernartisthoroughgoinglyelitist.Acenturyagomosteducatedmencouldnamehalfadozenlivingartists.Itisarareindividualtodaywhocannamebutone.Artnolongerreachesthepeople.AsOrtegayGassetwrote,"Loversofmodernartarethenewaristocracy."Ifarthasnodiscernibleimpactonthepublic,therationaleforitssupportcrumbles.Asforthe"civilizing"effectofart,neverforgetthatitwas"DasVolkderDichterundDenker"—theGermans,the"NationofPoetsandPhilosophers"—wholaunchedthebloodiestwarinhistory,allinthenameof"Kultur."True,theamountspentontheartsistiny.But,mustonecautiontheartistsnottobesoliteral-mindedandcrassastoreckonallintermsofdollars?Worksofartacquirefamefortheemotionaleffecttheyproduce.Consider,then,theemotionaleffectontheunemployedtobetoldthatthetaxesheoncepaidgonottofillhisbellynow,buttosupplythewantsofadauberofcolorsandrhymerofwords.Noneofthisistobetakenasanattackonthearts.Therespondenthereisawriterwhosometimespaintsandkeenlyappreciatesclassicalmusic.Butwhentimesarehard,prioritiesmustbeset.Governmentactivityandspendingmustreturntobasics.Itisbothrevealedtruthandsoundcommonsensethat,"Mandoesnotlivebybreadalone."Buttheauthorofthosewordsneverdeniedthatmandoeslivefirstofallbybread.知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析二、評估論證(本題共2題，每題1.0分，共2分。)4、Twoyearsago,radiostationWCQPinRockvilledecidedtoincreasethenumberofcall-inadviceprogramsthatitbroadcast;sincethattime,itsshareoftheradioaudienceintheRockvillelisteningareahasincreasedsignificantly.GivenWCQP’srecentsuccesswithcall-inadviceprogramming,andcitinganationwidesurveyindicatingthatmanyradiolistenersarequiteinterestedinsuchprograms,thestationmanagerofKICKinMedwayrecommendsthatKICKincludemorecall-inadviceprogramsinanattempttogainalargeraudienceshareinitslisteningarea.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatquestionswouldneedtobeansweredinordertodecidewhethertherecommendationandtheargumentonwhichitisbasedarereasonable.Besuretoexplainhowtheanswerstothesequestionswouldhelptoevaluatetherecommendation.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：WCQPinRockvillereportsagrowingmarketshareoflistenerstwoyearsafterswitchingtoalargelycall-inlineup.KICKRadioinMedwaycontemplatesdoingthesameinhopeofsimilarresults.Beforeplayingcopy-cat,though,KICKneedstolookcloselyathowapplicabletheWCQPexperienceislikelytobetoitsown.Tostartwith,justhowsuccessfulisWCQP?Anincreaseinlistenersisalwaysgood.Butistheincreasegreatenoughtojustifyachangeinphilosophy,programming,andprobablypersonnelbyKICK?Toanswerthis,weneednumbers,notvague,qualitativeadjectiveslike"more."IfWCQP’sisthesuccessstoryitistoutedtobe,surelyotherlocalstationshaveimitateditsprogrammingstyle.Havetheirresultsbeensimilarlysuccessful?Moreimportantly,dotheythemselvesreportthesimpleprogrammingshifttohavebeenthesinglemostimportantfactorinsuccessnew-found?ForthatmatterhastheprogramchangealonebeenthekeytoWCQPsuccess?Havetherebeenanyotherchangesthatmightseemlikelytodrawlisteners?HasthestationlandedoneormorehighlycharismaticDJs?Haveitsmusicofferingsimprovedradically?Ineffect,dolistenerstuneinforthemusicandtheDJs,butstayforthetalk?Themostimportantsetofquestions,however,isthatfocusingcloselyonKICKitself.IsKICK’slistenershipsufficientlyakintoWCQP’stosimilarlybedrawntocall-inshows?IfWCQPbroadcaststoasophisticatedurbanlisteningbase,whileKICK’sdemographicconsistsofrabidTexasfootballfans,theresultsofplaying"metoo!"mightbedisappointing.AssumingKICK’slistenersmightconceivablybedrawninlargenumberstocall-inradio,itneedsnexttobeaskedwhetheranyotherstationsintheMedwayareahavegoneovertoaWCQP-typeformat.Ifanumberalreadyhave,KICKmightbetryingtobreakintoanalreadysaturatedmarket.Insuchcase,standingpatmightbeKICK’sbestcourse.Assmallgroupsofmusicloversdriftawayfromnowcall-inheavystations,KICKmightcarveoutitsownpeculiarlisteningniche.Thiswillbeespeciallythecaseifcall-inradioprovestobeapassingfad.Arethere,then,indicationsthatcall-inradioisthewaveofthefuture?Or,conversely,aretherecounter-indications?ThesematterscallforatleasttentativeanswersbeforeKICKreinventsitself.Finally,oddasitmaysoundinthe"growthatallcosts"hologramofAmericanbusiness,doesKICKneedtodoanythingatall?Thatis,initsownlisteningarea,howsuccessfulisKICK?Aretheygainingmarketshare?Losingit?Orstayingmoreorlessstatic?If"KICKisKing!"anychangeisliabletobefortheworse.Ascountlessgenerationsoffathershavecounseledgenerationsuncountedofsons,"Ifitisn’tbroke,don’tfixit."知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析5、ThefollowingisarecommendationfromthebusinessmanagerofMonarchBooks."SinceitsopeninginCollegevilletwentyyearsago,MonarchBookshasdevelopedalargecustomerbaseduetoitsreader-friendlyatmosphereandwideselectionofbooksonallsubjects.Lastmonth,BookandBean,acombinationbookstoreandcoffeeshop,announceditsintentiontoopenaCollegevillestore.MonarchBooksshouldopenitsownin-storecafeinthespacecurrentlydevotedtochildren’sbooks.Givenrecentnationalcensusdataindicatingasignificantdeclineinthepercentageofthepopulationunderageten,salesofchildren’sbooksarelikelytodecline.Byreplacingitschildren’sbookssectionwithacafe,MonarchBookscanincreaseprofitsandwardoffcompetitionfromBookandBean."Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthentheargument.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Panickysentriesontheirfirsttourofcombatdutyarenotoriousfor"shootingatghosts,"thatis,forpanickingandrespondingtoimaginarythreats.ItisnoprettysighttoseeaveteranbusinesslikeMonarchdoingessentiallythesamething.Thatstoreplanstochangethecharacterofitsentireoperationbasedonacoupleofstill-hazysurmisesaboutthefuture.BookandBean,acombobookandcoffeeshop,willsoonopendoorsinCollegeville.Monarchplansacopy-catfacilityinitsstore,basedapparentlyontheassumptionthatthenoveltywillseriouslycutintoitsbusiness.Remodelingisn’tcheap,neitherisafirst-classcoffeeshop’sset-upandstaffing.Monarchcouldbeinvestingheavilyincompetingwithabusinesswhoseimpactisnotyetclear,whosesuccessisfarfromassured.Inordertomakeroomforitscoffeecorner,Monarchwilleliminateitschildren’ssection.Thereasoningbehindthisisbasedontheresultsofanationalcensusindicatingthenumberofrug-ratsandankle-bitersisdeclining"significantly"nationwide.Thisassumesnotonlythatthecensusisright,butthatitsforecastaboutchildreniscorrectforcollegeville.Demographicchangeisnotahomogenousprocess.IfthepercentofPakistanisgrew15%nationwideandPeoriahad100Pakistanislastyear,itdoesnotfollowtheynowhave115.Monarchneedstoturnitsattentiontowhatshiftsarepresentlocally.EvenassumingthatMonarchisrightandthenumberofchildrenisdeclininglocally,itsproposalisanoverreaction.Theyassumethatthe"significant"declineinthenumberofchildrenisenoughtorenderitschildren’sbooksectionunprofitable.Oratleasttheyassumethatthedeclineissufficienttorenderthatsectionlessprofitablethanacoffeeshop.Arelatedassumptionhereisthatfewerchildrenleadtofewersalesofchildren’sbooks.Thisisprobablyaverysafeassumption.Still,ifonecangobythetown’sname,onemightexpectawell-educatedpopulace.Collegetownsdotendtobeliteratelittleenclaves.Assuch,thoughthenumberofchildrenmaybegoingdown,theirpercapitabookbuyingisstilllikelytotopthenationalaverage.Monarch’sassumptionmaybeabitgloomierthantheactualsituation.Monarchassumesthatalloftheforegoingwarrantsreplacingitschildren’ssection.Thisassumesthattheshiftinchildren’snumbersisthesolenoteworthydevelopmentaffectingthebooksellingbusiness.Isit?Certainlythereareotherdemographictrendsthataffectabookstore.ImmigrationandpoliticallycorrecteducationmightbetakingabiteoutofclassicEnglishliterature.(JosephConrad,StephenCrane,andevenMarkTwainhavecomeunderfirefromthePCInquisition.)MightnotMonarchhedgeitsbets?Thatis,mighttheynotmakeroomforthecoffeeshopbyshrinking—notyeteliminating—thestore’sfourorfiveslow-movingsections?Thiswouldamounttoaflexibleresponseastrendsemerge.MonarchfurtherassumesthatBeanandBookwillaffordcompetitionthatcallsfor"wardingoff."WithMonarch’stwentyyearheadstartinwinningcustomerloyaltyandcateringtotheirneeds,itmightseemthatitisB&BwhoneedstoworryhowitwillbudgetheMonarchmonolith.Whenyou’reNumberOne,youcanaffordtoawaittheshapeoftheother’seffortsbeforecraftingaresponse.Monarchstandspoised,however,tocommittoaprematureprogramofaction.知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析GRE（ANALYTICALWRITING）綜合模擬試卷第2套一、陳述觀點(diǎn)(本題共3題，每題1.0分，共3分。)1、Educationalinstitutionshavearesponsibilitytodissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceed.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeclaim.Indevelopingandsupportingyourposition,besuretoaddressthemostcompellingreasonsand/orexamplesthatcouldbeusedtochallengeyourposition.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Theissueofwhethereducationalinstitutionshavearesponsibilitytodissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceediscomplicated.Itistruethatthereisconsiderablesupportfortheopinionthatstudentsshouldbeencouragedtopursueanysubjectofpersonalinterest.However,educationalinstitutionsexisttoeducatestudents,andwiththisgoalinmindeverystepshouldbetakentoensurethatstudentsaresuccessfulintheirstudies.Allowingeverystudentunfetteredentryintoanyfieldofstudywouldhaveadeleteriouseffectonthisgoal,thereforeeducationalinstitutionsmustdissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceed.Onecompellingargumentinsupportofthestatementisthatstudentsshouldbedissuadedfrompursuingfieldsofstudytheyareunlikelytobesuccessfulinbecauseunderperformingstudentscanhaveadeleteriouseffectonthequalityofeducationforallotherstudentsinaclass.If,contrarytothestatement,allstudentswereallowedentryintoallfieldsofstudy,thenthepaceofclasseswouldhavetobedecreasedtoaccommodatetheweakerstudents.Asaresultlessmaterialwouldbecoveredandqualityofeducationwouldsufferaccordingly.Simplystated,allowingstudentstopursuefieldsofstudytheyareunlikelytosucceedinisimprudentduetothenegativeeffectssuchapracticewouldhaveonthequalityofeducationforallstudents.Anothermeaningfulargumentconcernsthesecondaryfocusofacademicinstitutions.Whileitistruethateducationistheprimaryfocus,thegoalofstudentsuccessshouldalwaysbeaclosesecond.Whenconsideringthataprimaryfocusofacademicinstitutionsistoensurestudentsuccess,thereisnoquestionthatinstitutionsshoulddissuadestudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstudyinwhichtheyareunlikelytosucceed.Thisisespeciallytruewhentheyouthfulnessofthemajorityofstudentsistakenintoaccount.Anumberofstudentsaretooinexperiencedtomakeprudentacademicdecisionswithoutassistancefromacademicinstitutions.Inlightofthis,ratherthanallowingstudentstopursuefieldsofstudythattheyhavebeendeterminedtobeunlikelytosucceedin,institutionsshouldprovideguidanceforstudentsinfindingthefieldstheyaremostlikelytosucceedin.Giventhegoalsofacademicinstitutions,thepolicyoutlinedinthestatementjustmakessense.Opponentsofthisviewmaycontendthatitisdifficultorevenimpossibletoaccuratelydeterminewhichstudentswillbesuccessfulinafieldofstudy.Forinstance,inanyfieldofstudystudentsadmittedwithperfectgradepointaveragesandexamscoresareoftenoutperformedbystudentswhoonlyjustmetentrancerequirements.Whilethispointisdulynoted,theargumentisshort-sightedinthatitdoesnotchangethefactthateducationqualitywouldstillsufferifallstudentswereallowedentryintoallfields.Educationalinstitutionsregularlyhavethousandsofstudentsandpoliciesthatcannotbedeterminedbasedonstatisticaloutliers.Inlightoftheabove,itbecomesclearthatinordertobestensuretheeducationqualityandsuccessofstudents,educationalinstitutionsareresponsiblefordissuadingstudentsfrompursuingfieldsofstud)’theyareunlikelytosucceedin.Ininstitutingsuchapolicy,thoughsomestudentsmaybediscouragedfrompursuingfieldsthattheyarecapableofperformingwellin,theeducationqualityandsuccessofthestudentbodyasawholewouldbeimprovedandthesegoalsmustremainthemostimportanttoeducationalinstitutions.知識點(diǎn)解析：題目要求考生圍繞“教育機(jī)構(gòu)有責(zé)任勸導(dǎo)學(xué)生不去研究他們不太可能成功的領(lǐng)域”這一論斷論述個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)?？忌鸁o論持何種立場，都要在論述中重點(diǎn)駁斥與己方觀點(diǎn)相左的一方可能會(huì)使用的有力論據(jù)和例子。范文的具體思路如下：全篇以“教育機(jī)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)”為切入點(diǎn)，論述了“教育機(jī)構(gòu)必須勸導(dǎo)學(xué)生不去研究他們不太可能成功的領(lǐng)域”的觀點(diǎn)。全文呈現(xiàn)總（第1段）一分（第2至4段）一總（第5段）的段落關(guān)系。第一部分：[總述]支持題干觀點(diǎn)，并點(diǎn)明論點(diǎn)“教育機(jī)構(gòu)必須勸導(dǎo)學(xué)生不去研究他們不太可能成功的領(lǐng)域”。1）一方面，我們應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生鉆研自己感興趣的領(lǐng)域。2）另一方面，教育機(jī)構(gòu)的存在是為了教育學(xué)生，這要求教育機(jī)構(gòu)保證學(xué)生在學(xué)業(yè)上取得成功。3）讓學(xué)生毫無限制地學(xué)習(xí)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的知識會(huì)影響教育機(jī)構(gòu)達(dá)到自身目的。第二部分：[分述]論證教育機(jī)構(gòu)為什么要阻止學(xué)生任其興趣發(fā)展。（一）不限制學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的領(lǐng)域會(huì)對教學(xué)質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生不良的影響：1）學(xué)習(xí)落后的學(xué)生會(huì)影響同班其他同學(xué)所受教育的質(zhì)量。2）如果學(xué)生什么都可以學(xué)，教學(xué)進(jìn)度必然將放慢，以便讓落后的學(xué)生能夠跟上。3）課堂教授的內(nèi)容減少，教學(xué)質(zhì)量相應(yīng)降低。（二）教育機(jī)構(gòu)首要的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是保證學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)成功：1）學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)上的成功和教育一樣重要。2）某些學(xué)生太年輕、缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)：①?zèng)]有教育機(jī)構(gòu)的幫助，學(xué)生不能做出謹(jǐn)慎的課業(yè)選擇。②教育機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該為學(xué)生提供指導(dǎo)，幫助學(xué)生找到最可能成功的領(lǐng)域。3）根據(jù)教育機(jī)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)，支持題干觀點(diǎn)。（三）駁斥與己方相左的觀點(diǎn)：1）有人認(rèn)為不可能準(zhǔn)確地判斷學(xué)生可能會(huì)成功的領(lǐng)域。①例如，入學(xué)分?jǐn)?shù)高的學(xué)生常常被壓線入學(xué)的學(xué)生反超。2）但是，允許學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)任何他們喜歡的領(lǐng)域，還是會(huì)降低教學(xué)質(zhì)量。3）教育機(jī)構(gòu)通常有數(shù)千學(xué)生，他們沒有教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不能決定教育政策。第三部分：[總述]總結(jié)并重申論點(diǎn)“為了保障教育質(zhì)量和學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成功，教育機(jī)構(gòu)要?jiǎng)駥?dǎo)學(xué)生不去從事不太可能成功的領(lǐng)域”。1）有些學(xué)生可能會(huì)受到勸阻，沒有進(jìn)入自己也可以取得成績的領(lǐng)域。2）但是，教學(xué)質(zhì)量和學(xué)生整體的課業(yè)成功程度將提高。2、Claim:Governmentsmustensurethattheirmajorcitiesreceivethefinancialsupporttheyneedinordertothrive.Reason:Itisprimarilyincitiesthatanation’sculturaltraditionsarepreservedandgenerated.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusstheextenttowhichyouagreeordisagreewiththeclaim.andthereasononwhichthatclaimisbased.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Forthemajorityofhumanhistorytheruralpopulationhasoutstrippedtheurbanpopulation.However,thetraditionaldemographicmodelhasrecentlybeensubjecttoupheavalastheperce