2023-2024學(xué)年安徽省蕪湖市高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省蕪湖市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwastheweatherwhenthemanwasonholidaythisyear?A.Windy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.Whatdoesthewomandowhenshegetsacold?A.Shegoestothedoctor’s.B.Shetakessomemedicine.C.Shedrinksteawithlemon.3.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Helpingastranger.B.Askingfordirections.C.Lookingforapoliceman.4.Whencanthewomanreturnhome?A.At10:15.B.At10:30.C.At10:45.5.Howwillthespeakerstravel?A.Byplane.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhoisMike?A.Theman’sclassmate.B.Theman’steacher.C.Theman’sbrother.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’slastsuggestion?A.Stupid.B.Useless.C.Helpful.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題8.HowdoesMaggielooktoEric?A.Anxious.B.Excited.C.Confused.9.WhydoesEricmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.Toshowhispride.B.Toexpresshisregret.C.TocomfortMaggie.10.WhatdoesEricoffertodoforMaggie?A.Rewriteherlines.B.Teachhertoplaybaseball.C.Helpherwiththepractice.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelcompany.B.Aguidedtour.C.Awebsite.12.Whatdidthewomandoonline?A.Shesearchedforarestaurant.B.Sheorderedsomewine.C.Sheboughttwotickets.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Eatout.B.Meetanexpert.C.Dosomesightseeing.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.15.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?A.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.16.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A.150minutes.B.75minutes.C.15minutes.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whodoesthespeakerprobablytalkto?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Parents.18.Whatkindofbagsdoesthespeakersuggestusing?A.Paperbags.B.Plasticbags.C.Reusablebags.19.What’sthespeaker’ssecondsuggestion?A.Unpluggingthedevices.B.Usingenergy-savingdevices.C.Standingbesidethedevices.20.Whydoesthespeakermakethespeech?A.Tocallforpeopletotakeaction.B.Tocorrectsomewrongideas.C.Todiscussdifferenthabitsinlife.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATherearethousandsofsciencebooksonahugevarietyoftopics.Whichonesshouldyouchoose?Luckilyforyou,wehavemadealistofthebestsciencebooksthatyoushouldnotmiss.AShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingWrittenbyBillBryson,itisapopularsciencebookthatexplainssomeareasofscience.ItwaspublishedonFebruary4,2003,andwasoneofthebest-sellingpopularsciencebooksof2005intheUK.Itexplainsavarietyofscientifictopicsinavividandcomprehensiveway,whichmakesitaccessibleforpeoplewithnoscienceknowledge.Butit’squitelong.ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWordsItisa2015non-fictionbookcreatedbyRandallMunroe,inwhichtheauthorexplainsvariouscomplexsubjectsusingcommonEnglishwords.Itcoversawiderangeoftopicsandexplainscomplexideasusingillustrations,soit’sentertainingandeasilyunderstood.However,thewordsandphrasesusedtodescribethesubjectsaretootechnicaltounderstand.AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpacePublishedonOctober19,2017,thebookisTimPeake’spersonalguidetolifeinspace,basedonhisownexperience.Q&Aformatmakesiteasytoquicklyfindanswersandimagesareusedtoillustratesomeofthemorecomplexideas,makingitsuitableforbothchildrenandadults.ThedisadvantageisthattheQ&Aformatcanbecomeboringsometimes.BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestionsWrittenbyStephenHawking,the2018bookexaminessomeoftheuniverse’sgreatestmysteriesandpromotestheviewthatscienceisveryimportantinhelpingsolveproblems.ItprovidesagreatintroductiontoStephenHawking’sthoughts.Sincecomplexideasarecommunicatedinasimpleandunderstandablelanguage,yourpreviousphysicsknowledgeisnotrequired.Formoreadvancedreaders,it’stoobasic.1.Whichistheoldestofthefollowingbooks?A.AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything.B.ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.C.AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.D.BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.2.Whatisthechallengeofreadingthesecondbook?A.Varioustopics. B.Technicalterms.C.Complicatedsubjects. D.Scientificillustrations.3.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theystressthepracticaluseofscience.B.TheyuseQ&Aformatstoexplainideas.C.Theyrequirepreviousscienceknowledge.D.Theyseemtoappealtothegeneralpublic.——★參考答案★——1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一份不容錯過的最佳科學(xué)書籍清單。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything部分中的“ItwaspublishedonFebruary4,2003,andwasoneofthebest-sellingpopularsciencebooksof2005intheUK.(它于2003年2月4日出版，是2005年英國最暢銷的科普書籍之一。)”、文章ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.部分中的“Itisa2015non-fictionbookcreatedbyRandallMunroe,inwhichtheauthorexplainsvariouscomplexsubjectsusingcommonEnglishwords.(這是蘭德爾·門羅在2015年創(chuàng)作的一本非小說類書籍，作者用常見的英語單詞解釋了各種復(fù)雜的主題。)”、文章AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.部分中的“PublishedonOctober19,2017,thebookisTimPeake’spersonalguidetolifeinspace,basedonhisownexperience.(這本書于2017年10月19日出版，是蒂姆·皮克根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷撰寫的太空生活個人指南。)”以及文章BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.部分中的“WrittenbyStephenHawking,the2018bookexaminessomeoftheuniverse’sgreatestmysteriesandpromotestheviewthatscienceisveryimportantinhelpingsolveproblems.(這本2018年出版的書由斯蒂芬·霍金撰寫，探討了宇宙中一些最大的謎團，并推廣了科學(xué)在幫助解決問題方面非常重要的觀點。)”可知，AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything出版于2003年，是四本書中最早出版的書籍。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.部分中的“However,thewordsandphrasesusedtodescribethesubjectsaretootechnicaltounderstand.(然而，用于描述主題的單詞和短語過于專業(yè)，難以理解。)”可知，這本書中用于描述主題的單詞和短語過于專業(yè)，難以理解。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.部分中的“Q&Aformatmakesiteasytoquicklyfindanswersandimagesareusedtoillustratesomeofthemorecomplexideas,makingitsuitableforbothchildrenandadults.(問答的形式可以很容易地快速找到〖答案〗，并使用圖像來說明一些更復(fù)雜的想法，使其適合兒童和成人。)”以及文章BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.部分中的“Sincecomplexideasarecommunicatedinasimpleandunderstandablelanguage,yourpreviousphysicsknowledgeisnotrequired.Formoreadvancedreaders,it’stoobasic.(因為復(fù)雜的思想是用簡單易懂的語言傳達的，所以不需要你以前的物理知識。對于更高級的讀者來說，它太基礎(chǔ)了。)”可知，這兩本書都具有吸引普通公眾的特質(zhì)。故選D。BAroundtheworld,traditionalcraftsarefallingvictimtotechnologyandglobalization.InHongKong,MiruWongKa-lamisdoingherbittokeeptheartofYueembroidery(粵繡)alive.Wong’shand-embroideredshoeshop,Sindart,isoneofafewinthecitytohavesurvivedtheindustry.Toshareherskills,thethird-generationownerofthe65-year-oldsmallbusinessholdsweeklyworkshopsforthoseeagertolearnthedyingartofembroidery.WhenfamilymembersgatherfordinnerduringtheMid-AutumnFestival,theyexchangegifts.Handmadeslippers(拖鞋)usedtobeapopularitemtogivetoelderlymembersofthefamily.Unfortunately,thepracticeisnowlesscommon.“Whenmygrandparentsstartedtheshopinthe1950s,therewerealotmoreordersforhandmadeslippers.Now,itseemsthatpeoplearemorefocusedonbuyingmooncakes,”Wongsays.Cheaper,machine-embroideredslippersareanotherthreat(威脅)tothetraditionalcraft’ssurvival.Wong,however,believesthathandmadeslippershavebetterqualitycomparedwithmachine-madeones.“Machine-madeslippersfeeldifferentfromhandmadeones,”shesays.“Thematerialistoosoft,makingtheslippersuncomfortable.”O(jiān)neelement(元素)thatmakesSindart’sslippersuniqueisthewiderangeofdesigns.“Mylategrandfather,whofoundedSindartin1958inatinyshop,createdhisownembroiderydesignsinthe1950s,”Wongsays.WonghasmadeuphermindtogivenewlifetotheartofYueembroiderybyaddingmodernelementsandmakingfootwearthatissuitableforeverydayuse.“Thisincludesapplyinghandembroiderytonotonlyslippers,whichisthetradition,butalsotoothertypesofshoes.NowI’mstudyingshoemakingtechniquesinashoefactorysothatIcanachievethis,”shesays.4.WhatisWong’spurposeinholdingweeklyworkshops?A.Toenlargeherbusiness.B.Topracticeherembroideryskills.C.Topromotetheartofembroidery.D.Toincreaseherinfluenceintheindustry.5.WhyhavehandmadeslippersbecomelesspopularduringtheMid-AutumnFestival?A.Peoplethinkthey’reoutofdate.B.Oldpeopledonotwanttowearthem.C.They’renotasgoodastheyusedtobe.D.Peopleprefertobuymooncakesinstead.6.Whyaremachine-madeslippersconsideredathreattohandmadeslippers?A.Theyareofhigherquality. B.Theyaremorecomfortable.C.Theyaremoreaffordable. D.Theyaremadeofsoftermaterial.7.WhatwillWongdointhefuture?A.Openmoreshoefactories. B.Expandherproductrange.C.Applyhandembroiderytoclothes. D.Buildpartnershipswithlocalshoefactories.——★參考答案★——4.C5.D6.C7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在香港，傳統(tǒng)手工藝正受到技術(shù)和全球化的沖擊，但MiruWongKa-lam正在努力保持粵繡藝術(shù)的活力?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Toshareherskills,thethird-generationownerofthe65-year-oldsmallbusinessholdsweeklyworkshopsforthoseeagertolearnthedyingartofembroidery.(為了分享她的技藝，這家已有65年歷史的小企業(yè)的第三代老板每周都會為那些渴望學(xué)習刺繡這門瀕臨滅絕的藝術(shù)的人舉辦講習班)”可知，Wong每周舉辦工作坊的目的是為了推廣刺繡藝術(shù)。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Whenmygrandparentsstartedtheshopinthe1950s,therewerealotmoreordersforhandmadeslippers.Now,itseemsthatpeoplearemorefocusedonbuyingmooncakes,”Wongsays.(Wong說：“我祖父母在20世紀50年代開這家店的時候，手工拖鞋的訂單要多得多?，F(xiàn)在，人們似乎更關(guān)注買月餅?！?”可知，手工拖鞋在中秋節(jié)變得不那么受歡迎是因為現(xiàn)在人們更喜歡買月餅作為禮物。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Cheaper,machine-embroideredslippersareanotherthreat(威脅)tothetraditionalcraft’ssurvival.(更便宜的機繡拖鞋是對傳統(tǒng)工藝生存的另一個威脅)”可知，機器制造的拖鞋被認為是手工拖鞋的威脅，因為它們更便宜。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WonghasmadeuphermindtogivenewlifetotheartofYueembroiderybyaddingmodernelementsandmakingfootwearthatissuitableforeverydayuse.(Wong決心給粵繡藝術(shù)注入新的生命，加入現(xiàn)代元素，制作適合日常使用的鞋子)”可知，Wong決定在粵繡藝術(shù)中加入現(xiàn)代元素，制作適合日常使用的鞋子，由此可知，未來她會擴大她的產(chǎn)品范圍。故選B。CHaveyoueverimaginedatennislessonfromoneoftheworld’sgreatesttennisplayersatyourlocalcourt?Thisdreamcametruefortwoyoungplayers,whogottotrainwith20-year-oldsuperstarEmmaRaducanuaftersheappearedasahologram(全息圖)—aphotographicrecordingoftheimage.WhileSamClague,14,andT’naeDiamondPaisley,12,werebothinLondon,theBritishnumberonewasinAbuDhabi.Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatar(頭像)appearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like“thatwasfast”and“therewaslotsoftopspin(上旋)onthat”.EvenSamsaidhethoughtshehadbeenpre-recordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.DrPearsonthinksthatmixedrealityheadsetswillsoonallowtennisplayerstofeeltheyareplayinginunusualvirtualenvironments,likeonaspacestationorthemiddleofalake.Through5G,thefutureoftenniswillseeincreasedinteractionbetweenreallifetenniscourtsandtherichimaginationweseeincomputergames—playingwhenever,whereverandwhoeveryouwant.Fullsensory(全感官)virtualrealitycouldevenplacetheviewerinsidethetennisplayer’sshoesinrealtime.DrPearsonsaid,“By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.”Finally,sportswearmadefromsmartmaterialscouldallowforadigitalcoachpoweredbyartificialintelligence(AI)toprovidefeedbackonaplayer’sform.DrPearsonsaid,“AI-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.”8.WhatdidMsRaducanudointhefirstholographiclesson?A.Giveplayersarealtimeguidance.B.Requireplayerstofollowhershots.C.Recordcoachingcontentsinadvance.D.Analyzetechniquesaftertheholographiclesson.9.Whatcanfullsensoryvirtualrealitymakeviewersdo?A.Increasetheirimaginationofsports.B.Taketheplaceoftoplevelplayers.C.Experiencethefeelingofplayersonthespot.D.Haveasenseofplayinginanunusualplace.10.What’sDrPearson’sattitudetowardsvirtualAIcoaches?A.Critical. B.Skeptical. C.Favorable. D.Cautious.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thefutureoftenniscoaching. B.ThethreatfromAItocoaches.C.Thefirstlivecoachingonline. D.Theappearanceofdigitaltennispartners.——★參考答案★——8.A9.C10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹全息訓(xùn)練課程讓人們得以一窺先進的技術(shù)如何給網(wǎng)球教練帶來革命性的變化?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatar(頭像)appearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like‘thatwasfast’and‘therewaslotsoftopspin(上旋)onthat’.(在世界上第一堂全息課程中，Raducanu的虛擬形象似乎會給球員傳球，并對他們的擊球給出實時反饋，比如‘這個球很快’和‘這上面有很多上旋’。)”可知，Raducanu在第一節(jié)全息課上給球員一個實時的指導(dǎo)。故選A項。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“DrPearsonsaid,‘By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.’(Pearson博士說：‘到2030年，有了活性皮膚技術(shù)，頂級玩家的游戲風格甚至感覺都可以被捕捉到，這樣任何人都可以通過全感官虛擬現(xiàn)實體驗玩游戲的真實感受?！?”可知，全感官虛擬現(xiàn)實能讓觀眾現(xiàn)場體驗球員的感受。故選C項。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“DrPearsonsaid,‘AI-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.’(Pearson博士說：‘由智能材料制成的人工智能控制套裝，如帶傳感器的織物，可以通過快速學(xué)習完美正手的肌肉記憶，幫助玩家在擊球或回發(fā)球時找到完美的擊球方式。通過友好的虛擬人工智能教練的直接反饋，新玩家可以更快地發(fā)展和學(xué)習?！?”可知，Pearson博士認為虛擬人工智能教練能使新球員更快地成長和學(xué)習，所以他的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選C項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第四段中“Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.(IanPearson博士說，他們的全息訓(xùn)練課程讓人們得以一窺先進的技術(shù)如何給網(wǎng)球教練帶來革命性的變化。)”可知，文章講述了未來先進的技術(shù)如何給網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練帶來革命性的變化，所以A項Thefutureoftenniscoaching.(網(wǎng)球教練的未來。)是本文的最佳標題。故選A項。D“WHATISCIVILISATION?”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheseminal(開創(chuàng)性的)BBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflameshasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread,intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’s(大教堂)collapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.ThathelpsexplainwhyChinaisinmourning—WeChat,youngChina’sprincipal(主要的)meansoftalkingtoitself,hasbeenfollowingthestory.Anditwillberebuilt.Theefforttorebuilditwillbringpeopletogether.Within24hours,€600m($677m)hadbeenraisedfrombusinessesandrichpeople,andarashofcrowdfundingcampaignsstarted.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.Itwillneverbethesame,butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowrotein“TheHunchbackofNotreDame”,athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral:“Greatedifices(建筑物),likegreatmountains,aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade…Timeisthearchitect,thenationisthebuilder.”12.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoParagraph1?A.KennethClarkisastaff(職員)inBBC.B.KennethClarkbelievesthatNotreDameisasymbolofcivilization.C.CivilizationissoabstractthatKennethClarkcan’trecogniseit.D.NotreDameisthesubjectoftheBBCseries.13.WhyhasthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflamesattractedsomuchattentionaccordingtothepassage?A.BecausethesunnystepsinNotreDameforpeopletorestonisimpressive.B.BecauseNotreDamehasboostedthelocaleconomy.C.Becausenumerablepeoplearoundtheworldhasbeenthereandleftgoodmemories.D.BecausesocialmedialikeWeChatinChinahelpmorepeopleknowit.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?A.current. B.parties. C.power. D.disorder.15.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theessence(精髓)ofNotreDamewillbelostifwerebuildit.B.ItisdifficulttorebuildNotreDame.C.Ifitwerenotforthefire,NotreDamewouldalwaysstaythesame.D.NotreDamewillchangeastimegoesbyevenwithoutthefire.——★參考答案★——12.B13.C14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述了巴黎圣母院的燒毀以及回顧該建筑賦予人類的意義。對于巴黎圣母院的燒毀，人們普遍而強烈的悲痛是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的，由此進一步論述了人們關(guān)心巴黎圣母院的原因。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“‘WHATISCIVILISATION?’askedKennethClark50yearsagointheseminal(開創(chuàng)性的)BBCseriesonthesubject.‘Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.’Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).(50年前，KennethClark在英國廣播公司關(guān)于這個主題的開創(chuàng)性系列節(jié)目中問道：‘什么是文明？我不知道，我還不能用抽象的術(shù)語來定義它。但我想當我看到它的時候我能認出它，我現(xiàn)在正在看它?！缓笏D(zhuǎn)過身來，對著身后高聳的哥特式塔樓和圣母院的飛扶壁做手勢。)”可知，KennethClark認為圣母院是文明的象征。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.(熟悉會滋生感情。一座你在陽光明媚的臺階上休息，在它前面與你所愛的人自拍的建筑，會成為你記憶中溫暖的一部分，也會成為你自己的一部分。)”可知，因為全世界無數(shù)的人都去過那里，留下了美好的回憶，所以圣母院著火的景象引起了人們的極大關(guān)注。故選C項?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。由第四段“Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.(然而，這一景象激起的情緒與其說是關(guān)于這座建筑本身，不如說是關(guān)于失去它可能意味著什么。圣母院體現(xiàn)了人類最美好的集體。它在850年的政治……中幸存下來——通過戰(zhàn)爭、革命和納粹占領(lǐng)——將現(xiàn)在與過去聯(lián)系在一起。)”中throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation可知，這些是屬于政治“動蕩或者紊亂”，所以猜測turbulence表“動蕩，紊亂”的意思。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Itwillneverbethesame,butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowrotein‘TheHunchbackofNotreDame’,athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral:‘Greatedifices(建筑物),likegreatmountains,aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade…Timeisthearchitect,thenationisthebuilder.’(它將永遠不會一樣，但這是應(yīng)該的。正如維克多·雨果在寫給大教堂的三卷本情書《巴黎圣母院》中所寫：“偉大的建筑，就像偉大的山脈，是幾個世紀的杰作。藝術(shù)往往在制作過程中發(fā)生變化……時間是建筑師，國家是建設(shè)者?！?”特別是第一句話可知，最后一段主要講即使沒有大火，圣母院也會隨著時間的推移而改變。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtostartupalibraryofthingsRatherthancluttering(亂推放)ourhouses,startingupalibraryofthingsallowspeopletoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoodsintheneighbourhood.____16____Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:Talktoyourneighbours____17____Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.FindaspaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfall(客流量)suchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.____18____Whystartalibraryofthings?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!____19____InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmalllibraryofthingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfivelibraryofthingslocationsacrossLondon.Whatotherimpactonthelocalarea?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.____20____Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.Thelibraryofthingshasavarietyofeffectslocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.What’smore,wewerealsodiscomfortedbythewastewemade.E.Butinsuburbanandruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarymightbebetter.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendlysharinglibrariesarepoppingup.——★參考答案★——16.G17.A18.E19.D20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了開設(shè)一家共享物品館的步驟和它對社會經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生的積極作用。【16題詳析】上文“Ratherthanclutteringourhouses,startingupalibraryofthingsallowspeopletoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoodsintheneighbourhood.(與其讓我們的房子變得雜亂無章，不如建立一個物品館，讓人們能夠在鄰里之間借用和分享大型、昂貴的物品)”引入共享物品館的概念，下文“Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.(但當?shù)厝瞬皇窃诮钑窃诮栌秒娿@、意大利面制作機和吉他，費用合理)”與空處構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表明人們沒有去借書而是租借了其他的物品，G項“經(jīng)濟實惠、便捷且環(huán)保的共享物品館正在興起。”承上啟下，自然過渡到共享物品館的介紹，符合語境。故選G項。【17題詳析】上文“Talktoyourneighbours(與你的鄰居交談)”指出要和鄰里交流，下文“Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.(他們是否覺得家里太雜亂？他們是否愿意為環(huán)境盡一份力并減少開支？與當?shù)鼐W(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系起來，讓人們對一個他們可以借用的物品“愿望清單”進行投票)”列舉了可能的對話內(nèi)容，A項“找出當?shù)鼐用袷欠裥枰粋€共享物品館。”指出與鄰居交談的目的，localpeople與下文的they相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選A項?！?8題詳析】上文“Startsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.(可以從某人的車庫或當?shù)厥袌鲩_始，小規(guī)模嘗試，看看哪些物品最受歡迎。然后在城市地區(qū)人流量大的建筑如圖書館或社區(qū)中心找到空間)”指導(dǎo)如何在城市地區(qū)尋找場地，E項“但在郊區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)，移動共享圖書館可能更合適。”與上文形成對比，指出在郊區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的不同策略，符合語境。故選E項?！?9題詳析】上文“Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!(我們當時住在一所小房子里，需要一些工具來搭架子。我們不想擁有這些工具，而且租賃它們很貴！)”描述了創(chuàng)立共享物品館的動機，D項“更重要的是，我們也被自己產(chǎn)生的浪費困擾。”對創(chuàng)立背景進一步描述，同時也是對小標題“Whystartalibraryofthings?(為什么建立物品館)”原因的舉例說明，符合語境。故選D項。【20題詳析】上文“We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.(我們成功舉辦了由借閱者主導(dǎo)的各類活動，如修理聚會、縫紉課、DIY課)”描述了共享物品館產(chǎn)生的積極影響，下文“Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.(借用者之前通過使用我們的物品在市場上測試新的食品業(yè)務(wù)。每借出10英鎊，就有8英鎊留在當?shù)?，?chuàng)造當?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)機會并支持當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)空間)”列舉了共享物品館給當?shù)貛淼暮锰帲珺項“共享物品館在當?shù)禺a(chǎn)生了各種影響?！睆娬{(diào)了共享物品館的多方面積極效應(yīng)，是對下文的概括，符合語境。故選B項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IusedtogetanxiousbeforeFather’sDaybecauseIdidn’tknowwhattobuyasagift.I’d____21____countlessstoresforsomethingthatmydadwouldlike.ButneverhadIsuccessfullyboughtasatisfactoryone.ThatwasyearsagowhenIwasinnocentandthoughteveryholidaywasabout____22____.ThoseyearsitwasusuallymonthsafterFather’sDaythatmydad____23____agiftbecausehealwaystoldmehenever“needs”anything.SoIstoppedgettinghimthingsand,____24____,startedtakinghimouttomovies,torestaurantsortoshows,whichbroughthimmuchlaughter.Weshould____25____spendingtimewithourfathersdoingsomethingtheyreallyshow____26____for.Ifheisfondoffishing,gofishingwithhim.Anythingyoucandotospendtimewithyourfatherisbetterthananythingyoucan____27____inaboxandputabowon,unlessofcourse,youputyourselfinabox,popoutandhandhimticketstoashoworagame.If,however,yourmindisstillsetongettinga(n)____28____giftaswell,thenreplacewhatneedstobe____29____.That’sprobablywhatI’mgoingtodonextyearformyfather.Sorry,Dad,butthisreallywillbethelastsummeryourlawnmowercan____30____.Ifyourdadisanythinglikemine,he’llmanageuntilwhateverneedstobereplacedis____31____broken.AndbythatImeanit’sthere-is-no-possible-way-it-can-be-fixedbroken.Sobuyanewoneforhim.Manypeoplemaynolongerhavea(n)____32____withtheirdad.Soforthosewhoareluckylikeme,it’sa____33____totakeourdadsforgranted.Thetimeswecanlaughsure____34____thetimeswecan’t.Now,dosomethingwithyourdadtomakehimhappy.____35____thematerialisticgifts.Bringonthelaughs.21.A.search B.design C.record D.restore22.A.chances B.gifts C.promises D.hopes23.A.sent B.offered C.received D.shared24.A.moreover B.instead C.therefore D.regardless25.A.referto B.putoff C.focuson D.figureout26.A.passion B.optimism C.respect D.sympathy27.A.wrap B.discover C.imagine D.touch28.A.strange B.flexible C.expensive D.materialistic29.A.repaired B.unfolded C.exchanged D.updated30.A.waste B.work C.quit D.lose31.A.simply B.partly C.completely D.slightly32.A.relationship B.experiment C.exploration D.explanation33.A.duty B.right C.shame D.challenge34.A.takeup B.makeupfor C.catchupwith D.bringback35.A.Prepare B.Observe C.Support D.Forget——★參考答案★——21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.A27.A28.D29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B