2023-2024學(xué)年甘肅省武威市高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2甘肅省武威市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife.B．Salesmanandcustomer.C．Interviewerandinterviewee.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Classmates.B．Managerandemployee.C．Teacherandstudent.3．Howmanylanguagescanthewomanspeakuptonow?A．Two.B．Four.C．Three.4．Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Gototheteachers’office.B.Gototheclassroom.C.Gotothelibrary.5.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Gobacktolookforit.B．Reporttothepolice.C．Buyanewone.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘:聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至9題。6.Whogavethewomanherfirstmountainbike?A．Herfather.B．Heruncle.C．Herbrother.7．Whydidthewomanslowdownatonepointintherace?A.Theroadwasfullofrocks.B.Shewastootiredtogoahead.C．Areporterappearedsuddenly.8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantbeforetherace?A.Havingenoughsleep.B.Checkingtheroadinadvance.C.Keepingthebikeingoodcondition.9.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheclothes?A．Theyhavetobetight.B.Theyshouldbepretty.C.Theyneedtobecomfortable.聽第7段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdoesthemanbookhisticket?A．OntheInternet.B．Throughafriend.C．Onthephone.11．Whichcityisthemanleavingfor?A．Houston.B．Chicago.C．NewYork.12．Whenisthemanreturning?A.OnMay5.B．OnMay2.C．OnMay6.聽第8段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydidthemanarrivelate?A．Hegotstuckintraffic.B.Hewasunabletopark.C.Hehadtotakeadifferentroute.14.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemorning?A．Itwasraining.B．Itwassunny.C．Itwascloudy.15．Whateventdidthemanmiss?A．Asportsevent.B．Afoodfair.C．Aconcert.16．Wherewillthedancingeventshappen?A．Atapark.B．Atastadium.C．Atatelevisionstation.聽第9段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Buyasmallfamilycar.B．Buyasportscar.C．Sellhisfamilycar.18．Whatseasonisitatthemoment?A．Itiswinter.B．Itisautumn.C．Itisspring.19．What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Friends.B．Fatheranddaughter.C．Husbandandwife.20．Whydoesn’tthemanwanttogetanewcar?A．Forthehighprice.B．Forhisfeelingtotheoldone.C.Fortheseason.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomeStrangestFestivalsFromAroundTheWorldThroughtheyears,peoplehavefoundmanywaystocelebrateimportantoccasionsintheirlives.Ifyou’relookingforaninterestingandoff-the-beaten-pathtravelplace,herearesomemostwonderfulandunusualfestivalsfromaroundtheworld.BoryeongAnnualMudFestival,BoryeongrockThisfestivaltakesplaceatthebeach,withmuchmud(泥巴)resourcefromthesea.Atthisfestival,peopletakepartinanumberofactivitiesinvolving(涉及)mud,whichnotonlybringsbackhappychildhoodmemoriesbutisgoodfortheskin.WorldBody-paintingFestival,P?rtschach,AustriaThisentirefestivalisnotstrangebecauseoftheactivitiesthatoccur(發(fā)生)duringit,butbecauseofthewaypeoplelookwhenit’sover.Duringthistime,artistsworldwidefloodinandholdlivebody-paintingactivities.Theyarepaintingcreativedesignsonwillingparticipants(參與者).UnderwaterMusicFestival,Florida,AmericaRatherthanbeingheldatatypicalconcerthall,theunderwaterMusicFestivaltakesplaceontheseabed.Thisspecialcustomisunlikeanyothersbecauseitfeaturedmusiciansplayingmusicbelowwaterlevel.100feetdeepinclearwater,talentedmusiciansweardiving(潛水)equipment,performingfreeconcertsforseacreaturesandhumansalike.Battleoftheorange,Ivrea,ItalyThisItaliantownhostsoneofthemostunusualfestivals.EachyearinFebruary,abattle(戰(zhàn)斗)takesplaceamongthousandsofparticipantswhohavetothroworangeateachotherduringa30-minutefight.Theaimistotryandknockdownotherparticipantsbyattackingthemwithorangessothattheycannotstandanylonger.1.WhatcantouristsdoattheBoryeongAnnualMudFestival?A.Experiencemudbath. B.Joininfightswithoranges.C.Havetheirfacespainted. D.Enjoylivemusicunderwater.2.Fromwhichfestivalcanpeopledisplayartwiththeirbodies?A.Battleoftheoranges. B.UnderwaterMusicFestival.C.WorldBody-paintingFestival. D.BoryeongAnnualMudFestival.3.WhatanimalsmaybetheaudienceoftheUnderwaterMusicFestival?A.Lions. B.Dolphins. C.Elephants. D.Pandas.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上4個(gè)不同尋常的節(jié)日?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Atthisfestival,peopletakepartinanumberofactivitiesinvolvingmud,whichnotonlybringsbackhappychildhoodmemoriesbutisgoodfortheskin.(在這個(gè)節(jié)日里，人們會(huì)參加一些涉及泥的活動(dòng)，泥不僅能喚起童年的快樂(lè)回憶，而且對(duì)皮膚有益。)”可知，在韓國(guó)保寧泥漿節(jié)里，節(jié)日活動(dòng)與泥漿有關(guān)，而且對(duì)皮膚好，由此可知游客們可以體驗(yàn)?zāi)酀{浴。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringthistime,artistsworldwidefloodinandholdlivebody-paintingactivities.(在此期間，世界各地的藝術(shù)家蜂擁而至，舉辦活體繪畫活動(dòng)。)”可知，在世界人體彩繪藝術(shù)節(jié)期間，人們現(xiàn)場(chǎng)體驗(yàn)人體彩繪活動(dòng)，也就是說(shuō)，以身體為載體，展現(xiàn)藝術(shù)。故選C。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“l(fā)00feetdeepinclearwater,talentedmusiciansweardivingequipment,performingfreeconcertsforseacreaturesandhumansalike.(在100英尺深的清澈水中，才華橫溢的音樂(lè)家們穿著潛水設(shè)備，為海洋生物和人類表演免費(fèi)音樂(lè)會(huì)。)”可知，水下音樂(lè)節(jié)的觀眾包括海洋生物。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有B項(xiàng)“海豚”是海洋生物，符合題意。故選B。BMyteachersaidtoastudent:“Givemeyourphone.”Wealllookedinsurprise.Kyle,astudentwhoIneversawtextinclass,gavetheteacherhisphone.Whentheteacherleft,twostudentswhoIoftensawtextinclassstartedboasting(自夸)abouthowtheysenttextmessagesandnevergotcaught.“Kyle,youdon’ttextinclassthatway!”oneofthemsaid.“IputmyphoneundermydesksoitlookslikeI’mlookingatmytextbooks.”“Isn’titfunnythatwealwaystextandnevergetcaught,butthefirsttimeKyledoesit,hegetscaught?”theotheronelaughed.Theymusthavethoughttheyweresmart,becausetheynevergotcaughtandKyledid.Butwhichsituationisworse:gettingcaught,orgettingawaywithit?Rulesarethereforareason.Thesetwostudentsmightnothavegotcaught,butneitherofthemhadgoodgrades.Theykeeptextinginclass,notpayinganyattention.Ithinktheywillkeepbreakingtherulesinthefuture.Peopledon’tjustbreakthelawandgetthrownintojail(監(jiān)獄)rightaway.Theytakeitonestepatatime,startingwithsmallerrules.Kylemighthavegotcaught,butatleasthelearnedagoodlesson.Hewillnotbreaktherulesinthefuture,sohewilllearnmoreinclassandstayoutoftrouble.It’ssmarternottobreaktherules.4.TheteacheraskedKyletogivehisphonebecause________.A.hewasplayingwithhisphoneinclass B.thestudentswantedtoseeKyle’snewphoneC.theteacherwantedtoteachhimhowtotext D.theteacherwantedtospeaktoKyle’sparents5.Howdidthetwostudentsfeelaboutnotbeingcaughttextinginclass?A.Sad. B.Calm. C.Proud. D.Disappointed.6.Whichistrueaccordingtothestory?A.Kyleoftentextsinclass. B.Kyleisnotsmartenough.C.Rulesaretherefornoreason.D.Thetwostudentswhooftentextinclasshadbadgrades.7.Whatwouldthewriteragree?A.Kylewasabadstudent. B.Textinginclassisnotabigdeal.C.Textinginclasswithoutbeingcaughtwaseasy. D.Whatthetwostudentssaidanddidwerewrong.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了凱爾因?yàn)樵谡n堂上玩手機(jī)被老師沒(méi)收了手機(jī)，班上的兩個(gè)學(xué)生則開始吹噓他們是如何發(fā)短信而從未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。兩人的成績(jī)都不好，但作者認(rèn)為這兩人的做法和想法都是錯(cuò)的?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Kyle,astudentwhoIneversawtextinclass,gavetheteacherhisphone.(凱爾，一個(gè)我從未見過(guò)在課堂上發(fā)短信的學(xué)生，把他的手機(jī)給了老師)”可知，老師要求凱爾交出他的電話，因?yàn)樗谡n堂上玩他的手機(jī)。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whentheteacherleft,twostudentswhoIoftensawtextinclassstartedboasting(自夸)abouthowtheysenttextmessagesandnevergotcaught.(老師走后，兩個(gè)我經(jīng)常在課堂上看到短信的學(xué)生開始吹噓他們發(fā)短信從來(lái)沒(méi)有被抓到過(guò))”可推知，這兩個(gè)學(xué)生對(duì)沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)在課堂上發(fā)短信感到驕傲。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thesetwostudentsmightnothavegotcaught,butneitherofthemhadgoodgrades.(這兩個(gè)學(xué)生可能沒(méi)有被抓到，但他們的成績(jī)都不好)”可知，D選項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)經(jīng)常在課堂上發(fā)短信的學(xué)生成績(jī)不好”正確。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Peopledon’tjustbreakthelawandgetthrownintojail(監(jiān)獄)rightaway.Theytakeitonestepatatime,startingwithsmallerrules.Kylemighthavegotcaught,butatleasthelearnedagoodlesson.Hewillnotbreaktherulesinthefuture,sohewilllearnmoreinclassandstayoutoftrouble.It’ssmarternottobreaktherules.(觸犯法律的人不會(huì)馬上就被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。他們從一些小的規(guī)則開始，一步一步來(lái)。凱爾可能被抓了，但至少他得到了一個(gè)很好的教訓(xùn)。他以后不會(huì)再違反規(guī)則了，所以他會(huì)在課堂上學(xué)到更多的東西，遠(yuǎn)離麻煩。不打破規(guī)則是明智的)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)學(xué)生說(shuō)的和做的都是錯(cuò)的。故選D。CAncientChinesefolkpaintingandmanyotherartstyleshavebeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,andarestillpracticedindifferentpartsofChina.Here’salookatfouruniqueChinesefolkartforms.ChineseOperaisthetraditionalformofChinesedrama.Accordingtoincompletestatistics,inChina’svariousethnicregionsthereareaboutmorethan360kindsofoperas.ThemostfamousonesincludePekingOpera,KunquOpera,YuejuOpera,YujuOpera,SichuanOpera,FujianOpera,Hebeiopera,HuangmeiOperaandsoon,intotalmorethan50,amongwhichPekingOperaisthemostpopularinChina.ShadowPlaydatesbacktoWesternHanDynastyinShaanximorethan1000yearsago.Themovingfigures,usuallycarvedoutfromleather,areoperatedbyfolkartists,accompaniedbymusicandsinging.Itistheworld’sfirstdubbed(配音的)motionpictureartform,thusconsideredthe“ancestor”ofmodernfilm.TodaythisartformisstillpopularinnorthernChina.Paper-cuttingisoneofthemostpopulartraditionaldecorativeartsinChinawithalonghistory.Paper-cuttingcanbeseenacrossChinaandithasevendevelopedintodifferentlocalgenres(流派).Theyareusuallyusedtodecorategatesandwindowsduringfestivals.TheKitewasinventedbyChinesepeople.AccordingtolegendtheearliestkiteinChinawasawoodenbirdbyMoDiintheEasternZhoudynasty.LaterhisstudentLuBanimprovedthetechandusedbambooasmaterialtomakeakite.Today,variouskite-flyingactivitiescanbefoundindifferentregionsofChina.ShandongWeifangKiteFestivalisheldeveryyearandattractslotsofkiteloversandtravelers.8.WhichChineseOperaisthemostpopularinChina?A.PekingOpera. B.KunquOpera.C.YuejuOpera. D.YujuOpera.9.WhyisShadowPlayconsideredtheancestorofmodernfilm?A.Ithasahistoryofmorethan1000years.B.Itwasoperatedbyancientfolkartists.C.Itisaccompaniedbymusicanddancesonthestage.D.Itistheworld’sfirstdubbedmotionpictureartform.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph4referto?A.Differentlocalgenres. B.Traditionaldecorativepictures.C.Paper-cuttingartworks. D.PopularChinesehandwriting.11.WhatwastheearliestkitemadeofinChina?A.Paper. B.Wood.C.Bamboo. D.Leather.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了四種獨(dú)特的中國(guó)民間藝術(shù)形式：戲曲、影片放映、剪紙、風(fēng)箏。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThemostfamousonesincludePekingOpera,KunquOpera,YuejuOpera,YujuOpera,SichuanOpera,FujianOpera,Hebeiopera,HuangmeiOperaandsoon,intotalmorethan50,amongwhichPekingOperaisthemostpopularinChina.（最著名的有京劇，昆曲歌劇，粵劇，豫劇，四川歌劇，福建歌劇，河北歌劇，黃梅戲等，共有五十多種，其中京?。≒ekingOpera）在中國(guó)最受歡迎。）”可知，最受歡迎的是京劇。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itistheworld’sfirstdubbed(配音的)motionpictureartform,thusconsideredthe“ancestor”ofmodernfilm.（這是世界上第一個(gè)有配音的電影藝術(shù)形式，因此被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代電影的“祖先”。）”可知，皮影戲被認(rèn)為是現(xiàn)代電影的鼻祖是因?yàn)檫@是世界上第一個(gè)配音的電影藝術(shù)形式。故選D?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Paper-cuttingisoneofthemostpopulartraditionaldecorativeartsinChinawithalonghistory.Paper-cuttingcanbeseenacrossChinaandithasevendevelopedintodifferentlocalgenres( 流派 ).（剪紙是中國(guó)最流行的傳統(tǒng)裝飾藝術(shù)之一，有著悠久的歷史。剪紙?jiān)谥袊?guó)隨處可見，甚至發(fā)展成不同的地方流派）”可知，本段是在介紹剪紙，所以“They”代指“Paper-cuttingworks”。故選C。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AccordingtolegendtheearliestkiteinChinawasawoodenbirdbyMoDiintheEasternZhoudynasty.（據(jù)傳說(shuō)，中國(guó)最早的風(fēng)箏是東周時(shí)期莫笛制作的一只木鳥。）”可知，中國(guó)最早的風(fēng)箏是用木頭做的。故選B。DRiversareveryimportant.Humansrelyonthemforfoodandwater.Butriverscandestroythings,too.Theycanflood,orriseovertheirbanks,makingthewaterrunintothenearbyland.Floodscanalsokillhumansandwildlife.However,floodsarenotalwaysbad.Someecosystemsneedthemeveryonceinawhile.Floodingcannotonlydrownanimalsbutalsodestroyhabitats.Forexample,afloodinIndiain2012killedmanyone-hornedrhinos.Floodwaterscanpickupdirtfromriverbanks,whichmakesthewaterdirty.Toomuchdirtwillclogriversandstreams,preventingtheriverfromflowing.Sometimesfloodwaterscancarrypollutiontotheseaandharmmarinelife.Inaddition,floodwaterscancarrydisease,includinghepatitisA(甲型肝炎)andcholera(霍亂).However,noteverythingaboutfloodsisbad.Sometimestheybringnewlifetoecosystems.Floodwaterscarrynutrientstothenearbyland.Overtime,thewaterdriesupandleavesbehindparticles(微粒)ofdirtandmud.Theparticlesarecalledsediment(沉淀物)whichcanbegoodduetoitsabilitytoimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.Floodsareimportanttosomeanimalsaswell.Forinstance,someanimalsseefloodsasasignthatitistimetomateormigrate.Floodsleavesedimentonriverbedswherebabyfishcangrowandcarrynutrientsforsmallanimalsinthewatertoeat.Moreover,indryseasons,watermightdryup,butfloodshelprefillthewetlands,keepingtheecosystemgoing.Floodsareapartofnature.Theycandestroylivingthingsandtheenvironment.Butsomeecosystemsneedfloodstosurvive.12.What’sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“clog”inParagraph2?A.Become. B.Pollute. C.Block. D.Develop.13.Howdofloodshelpecosystems?A.Nutrientscarriedbyfloodscanmakesoilricher.B.Floodsmakealltheanimalsmigratemoreeasily.C.Tinyfishgoingwithfloodsfeedsomeanimals.D.Floodscanimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.14.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Thewayinwhichfloodsfeedanimals. B.Thebenefitsoffloodstoecosystems.C.Aneffectivemeansofimprovingsoil. D.Thereasonforpeople’sappreciatingfloods.15.What’sthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.TheBadEffectsofFlooding B.TheSecretofFloodingC.Floods-ADisastertoHumans D.Floods—APartofNature〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了洪水的好處和壞處，指出洪水是自然的一部分，維持生態(tài)平衡?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Toomuchdirtwill”以及后文“riversandstreams,preventingtheriverfromflowing”可知，太多的污垢會(huì)堵塞河流和小溪，阻止河流流動(dòng)。故劃線詞意思是“堵塞”。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sometimestheybringnewlifetoecosystems.Floodwaterscarrynutrientstothenearbyland.Overtime,thewaterdriesupandleavesbehindparticles(微粒)ofdirtandmud.Theparticlesarecalledsediment(沉淀物)whichcanbegoodduetoitsabilitytoimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.(有時(shí)它們會(huì)給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)新的生命。洪水把養(yǎng)分帶到附近的土地上。隨著時(shí)間的推移，水干涸了，留下了灰塵和泥漿顆粒。這些顆粒被稱為沉積物，因?yàn)樗芨纳仆寥?，幫助植物生長(zhǎng))”可知，洪水?dāng)y帶的養(yǎng)分可以使土壤更肥沃，從而幫助生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“However,noteverythingaboutfloodsisbad.Sometimestheybringnewlifetoecosystems.Floodwaterscarrynutrientstothenearbyland.Overtime,thewaterdriesupandleavesbehindparticles(微粒)ofdirtandmud.Theparticlesarecalledsediment(沉淀物)whichcanbegoodduetoitsabilitytoimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.Floodsareimportanttosomeanimalsaswell.Forinstance,someanimalsseefloodsasasignthatitistimetomateormigrate.Floodsleavesedimentonriverbedswherebabyfishcangrowandcarrynutrientsforsmallanimalsinthewatertoeat.Moreover,indryseasons,watermightdryup,butfloodshelprefillthewetlands,keepingtheecosystemgoing.(然而，并非所有關(guān)于洪水的事情都是不好的。有時(shí)它們會(huì)給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)新的生命。洪水把養(yǎng)分帶到附近的土地上。隨著時(shí)間的推移，水干涸了，留下了灰塵和泥漿顆粒。這些顆粒被稱為沉積物，因?yàn)樗芨纳仆寥?，幫助植物生長(zhǎng)。洪水對(duì)一些動(dòng)物也很重要。例如，一些動(dòng)物把洪水看作是交配或遷徙的信號(hào)。洪水在河床上留下沉積物，幼魚可以在河床上生長(zhǎng)，并攜帶營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)供水中的小動(dòng)物食用。此外，在干旱季節(jié)，水可能會(huì)干涸，但洪水有助于補(bǔ)充濕地，保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn))”可知，第三段的主旨是洪水對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的好處。故選B。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Floodsareapartofnature.Theycandestroylivingthingsandtheenvironment.Butsomeecosystemsneedfloodstosurvive.(洪水是自然的一部分。它們會(huì)破壞生物和環(huán)境。但有些生態(tài)系統(tǒng)需要洪水才能生存)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了洪水的好處和壞處，指出洪水是自然的一部分，維持生態(tài)平衡。可知，D選項(xiàng)“洪水——自然的一部分”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhatArethePhysicalBenefitsofExercise?Exerciseisoftenthoughtofasactivitiesthathelpapersonloseweightorpreventweightgain.Havingabodythatisslimmerandtrimmeriscertainlyoneofthephysicalbenefitsofexercise,buttherearemanyothers.____16____Exercisingcanhelpstrengthenthemuscles.Dietpillsmayhelpamanshedweightbuttheywillnothelphimbuildorstrengthenhismuscles.Thephysicalbenefitsofexercisearegenerallyexperiencedsimultaneously.____17____Thisbenefitisnotlimitedtomalesandthetypesofexercisesthatproducetheseresultsarenotlimitedtoweightlifting.Workingoutcanmakethebonesstronger.Exercisealsostrengthensbones,whichbecomesmoreimportanttheolderapersongets.Bonesgothroughanaturalprocessofbreakingdowntherebuilding.____18____Physicalactivityproducesthatstimulationand,therefore,helpsdecreasethelikelihoodofconditionssuchasosteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松).____19____Manypeopleareconcernedwithlookingolder.Slowingandreversingtheeffectsofagingarebenefitsofphysicalexercise.Cellulite(皮下脂肪團(tuán)),forexample,canmakeayoungwomanappearolderthansheis.____20____Wrinklesareanothersignofagingthatcanbereducedbyexercisesincephysicalactivitytendstoimprovetheconditionofskin.A.Manypeoplewanttochangeorimprovetheirbodies.B.Takingregularexercisecanreducetheeffectsofaging.C.Aspeoplegrowolder,however,therebuildingprocessslowsunlessitisstimulated.D.Trainingalsoreducesthenegativephysicaleffectswhichapersonfeelswhenheages.E.Exercisehastheabilitytohelpapersonchangehisbodyshape,andmakehimstronger.F.Theappearanceofcellulitecanbediminishedwithbasicexercisessuchaswalkingorjogging.G.Theseincludestrengtheningthebones,strengtheningthemuscles,andreducingtheeffectsofaging.〖答案〗16.G17.E18.C19.B20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要列舉了鍛煉可以給身體帶來(lái)的好處。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Exerciseisoftenthoughtofasactivitiesthathelpapersonloseweightorpreventweightgain.Havingabodythatisslimmerandtrimmeriscertainlyoneofthephysicalbenefitsofexercise,buttherearemanyothers.(運(yùn)動(dòng)通常被認(rèn)為是幫助人們減肥或防止體重增加的活動(dòng)。擁有一個(gè)更苗條的身體當(dāng)然是鍛煉對(duì)身體的好處之一，但還有很多其他的好處)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文說(shuō)明鍛煉的具體好處。故G選項(xiàng)“這些包括增強(qiáng)骨骼，增強(qiáng)肌肉，減少衰老的影響”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Dietpillsmayhelpamanshedweightbuttheywillnothelphimbuildorstrengthenhismuscles.Thephysicalbenefitsofexercisearegenerallyexperiencedsimultaneously.(減肥藥可以幫助一個(gè)人減肥，但它們不會(huì)幫助他建立或加強(qiáng)肌肉。鍛煉對(duì)身體的好處通常是同時(shí)產(chǎn)生的)”可知，上文提到鍛煉對(duì)身體的好處是同時(shí)產(chǎn)生的，故本句是在說(shuō)明同時(shí)產(chǎn)生的好處是什么：改變體型，使他更強(qiáng)壯。故E選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)能幫助一個(gè)人改變體型，使他更強(qiáng)壯”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Bonesgothroughanaturalprocessofbreakingdowntherebuilding.(骨骼會(huì)經(jīng)歷一個(gè)自然的分解重建過(guò)程)”可知，上文提到了骨骼會(huì)重建，C選項(xiàng)中rebuilding對(duì)應(yīng)上文中rebuilding。故C選項(xiàng)“然而，隨著人們年齡的增長(zhǎng)，除非刺激，重建過(guò)程會(huì)減慢”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【19題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Manypeopleareconcernedwithlookingolder.Slowingandreversingtheeffectsofagingarebenefitsofphysicalexercise.(很多人都很在意自己的顯老。減緩和逆轉(zhuǎn)衰老的影響是體育鍛煉的好處)”可知，本段的主旨是鍛煉可以減緩衰老。故B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常鍛煉可以減少衰老的影響”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Cellulite(皮下脂肪團(tuán)),forexample,canmakeayoungwomanappearolderthansheis.(例如，脂肪團(tuán)會(huì)讓年輕女性看起來(lái)比實(shí)際年齡要老)”可知，上文提到了脂肪團(tuán)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中cellulite對(duì)應(yīng)上文cellulite，故F選項(xiàng)“脂肪團(tuán)的出現(xiàn)可以通過(guò)散步或慢跑等基本運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)減少”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Confuciuswasagreatphilosopher,educationalistaswellasthefounderofConfucianism.Hewasbornin551BCinShandongprovinceofChina.Hisbeliefs___21___theimportanceofhavingagoodmoral(道德的)characterandpersonalethics(倫理).Theyhaveagreat___22___onthemajorityofChineseculture.Confuciushasleftmany___23___sayings,whicharestillrememberedandfollowed___24___.Forexample,hisquotes,“Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost”“Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger”,arewellknowntoall.AlthoughConfuciusis___25___forhisgreatthoughts,didyouknowthatheisalsoknownforhissenseof___26___?Thereisevidencethathewasveryhumorous.His___27___wereveryamusingandupliftingandheoftenusedhumortomakehisstudents___28___andtakeinterestintheteachings.OnetimeConfuciuswas___29___alongwithhisstudentswhentheycameacrossamanwhowas____30____intheriver.HisstudentswerehesitatingbutConfuciusjumpedintotheriverwithout____31____andsavedthemanintime.Then,he____32____tohisstudentsandjoked,“Isupposenoneofyou____33____thathewaswearingavaluablejadering!”Thisstoryservesasareminderthateventhemostseriousfiguresinhistory____34____theirshareoflightheartedmoments.Itispossiblethatwisdomandhumorboth____35____handinhandwithjoy!21.A.respondto B.focuson C.brushup D.takeup22.A.impact B.stress C.impression D.knock23.A.flexible B.creative C.wise D.sharp24.A.normally B.annually C.periodically D.faithfully25.A.confident B.special C.famous D.acceptable26.A.humor B.duty C.direction D.achievement27.A.characters B.proposals C.conversations D.attitudes28.A.agree B.relax C.worry D.argue29.A.traveling B.quarrelling C.sleeping D.shooting30.A.swimming B.surfing C.drowning D.playing31.A.doubt B.problem C.signal D.delay32.A.listened B.turned C.pointed D.stuck33.A.cared B.heard C.felt D.noticed34.A.enjoy B.bother C.involve D.allow35.A.catch B.go C.lead D.take〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了孔子，作為一位偉大的哲學(xué)家、教育家和儒家學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人，他的智慧對(duì)中國(guó)文化產(chǎn)生了巨大影響，文章舉例描述孔子幽默的一面，他經(jīng)常用幽默的方式促進(jìn)對(duì)弟子們的教學(xué)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他的信仰強(qiáng)調(diào)良好的道德品質(zhì)和個(gè)人道德的重要性。A.respondto回應(yīng)；B.focuson關(guān)注；聚焦；C.brushup復(fù)習(xí)；D.takeup占據(jù)。根據(jù)上文“Confuciuswasagreatphilosopher,educationalistaswellasthefounderofConfucianism.(孔子是一位偉大的哲學(xué)家、教育家，也是儒家思想的奠基人。)”可知，孔子開創(chuàng)了儒學(xué)，儒學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體的道德品質(zhì)的養(yǎng)成，focuson符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們對(duì)中國(guó)大部分文化都有很大的影響。A.impact巨大影響；B.stress壓力；C.impression印象；D.knock敲擊。根據(jù)下文“Confuciushasleftmany______sayings,whicharestillrememberedandfollowed______.(孔子留下了許多……名言，至今仍被人們銘記并……遵循。)”可知，孔子的理念都在他的名言中，至今仍被人們銘記并遵循，說(shuō)明其影響之大，此處考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)haveanimpacton，意為“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”，故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：孔子留下了許多至理名言，至今仍被人們銘記并忠實(shí)地遵循。A.flexible靈活的；B.creative創(chuàng)造性的；C.wise明智的；D.sharp鋒利的。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,hisquotes,‘Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost’‘Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger’,arewellknowntoall.(例如，他的名言，‘學(xué)而不思則罔’，‘思而不學(xué)則殆’，這是眾所周知的。)”可知，孔子的真知灼見為后人銘記并遵循，說(shuō)明這些話都很睿智，wise符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：孔子留下了許多至理名言，至今仍被人們銘記并忠實(shí)地遵循。A.normally正常地，通常；B.annually每年；C.periodically定期地；D.faithfully忠實(shí)地。根據(jù)上文“Theyhaveagreat______onthemajorityofChineseculture.(它們對(duì)中國(guó)大部分文化都有很大的影響。)”可知，孔子的儒學(xué)對(duì)中國(guó)文化影響很大，他的至理名言為國(guó)人恪守遵循，faithfully符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然孔子以其偉大的思想而聞名，但你知道他還以他的幽默感而聞名嗎？A.confident自信的；B.special特殊的；C.famous著名的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)上文“Forexample,hisquotes,‘Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost’‘Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger’,arewellknowntoall.(例如，他的名言，‘學(xué)而不思則罔’，‘思而不學(xué)則殆’，是眾所周知的。)”可知，孔子的思想眾所周知，很是有名（famous），故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然孔子以其偉大的思想而聞名，但你知道他還以他的幽默感而聞名嗎？A.humor幽默；B.duty職責(zé)；C.direction方向；D.achievement成就。根據(jù)下文“Thereisevidencethathewasveryhumorous.His______wereveryamusingandupliftingandheoftenusedhumortomakehisstudents______andtakeinterestintheteachings.(有證據(jù)表明他非常幽默，他的……非常有趣和令人振奮，他經(jīng)常用幽默使他的學(xué)生……，對(duì)教學(xué)感興趣。)”可知，humor為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，此處描述孔子的幽默性格。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的談話非常有趣和令人振奮，他經(jīng)常用幽默使他的學(xué)生放松，對(duì)教學(xué)感興趣。A.characters性格；B.proposals建議；C.conversations談話；D.attitudes態(tài)度。根據(jù)句中的“amusinganduplifting”以及“makehisstudents______andtakeinterestintheteachings”可知，孔子通過(guò)和弟子聊天（conversations）來(lái)傳播他的思想，方式有趣，效果極好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的談話非常有趣和令人振奮，他經(jīng)常用幽默使他的學(xué)生放松，對(duì)教學(xué)感興趣。A.agree同意；B.relax放松；C.worry擔(dān)心；D.argue爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)句中的“amusinganduplifting”可知，孔子通過(guò)和弟子聊天（conversations）來(lái)傳播他的思想，孔子說(shuō)話幽默，有趣、令人振奮，學(xué)生在聊天中放松下來(lái)，relax符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，孔子和他的學(xué)生一起旅行，他們看到一個(gè)人在河里快要淹死了。A.traveling旅行；B.quarrelling吵架；C.sleeping睡覺；D.shooting射擊。根據(jù)句中“theycameacrossamanwhowasdrowningintheriver”可知，能看到有人溺水，說(shuō)明他們?cè)谕庥螌W(xué)，traveling符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，孔子和他的學(xué)生一起旅行，他們看到一個(gè)人在河里快要淹死了。A.swimming游泳；B.surfing沖浪；C.drowning溺水；D.playing玩耍。根據(jù)下文“HisstudentswerehesitatingbutConfuciusjumpedintotheriverwithout______andsavedthemanintime(他的學(xué)生正在猶豫，但孔子……跳入河中，及時(shí)救了這個(gè)人)”可知，孔子跳下水救人，說(shuō)明這人是溺水（drowning）狀態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的學(xué)生正在猶豫，但孔子立即跳入河中，及時(shí)救了這個(gè)人。A.doubt懷疑；B.problem問(wèn)題；C.signal信號(hào)；D.delay延遲。根據(jù)前半句“Hisstudentswerehesitating”，以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，“andsavedthemanintime”可知，孔子沒(méi)有像學(xué)生們那樣猶豫，而是及時(shí)出手相救，delay符合語(yǔ)境，withoutdelay(立即)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，他轉(zhuǎn)向他的學(xué)生，開玩笑地說(shuō)：“我想你們都沒(méi)有注意到他戴著一枚貴重的玉戒指吧！”A.listened聽；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)；C.pointed指；D.stuck卡住。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)turnto，意為“轉(zhuǎn)向”，救人之后，孔子轉(zhuǎn)頭開始和弟子們說(shuō)話。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想你們都沒(méi)有注意到他戴著一枚貴重的玉戒指吧！A.cared關(guān)心；B.heard聽到；C.felt感覺；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)空后的“thathewaswearingavaluablejadering”可知，溺水者手指上有一個(gè)戒指，大家關(guān)注這個(gè)溺水者的死活的時(shí)候，孔子居然注意到溺水者手指上的戒指，noticed符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)故事提醒我們，即使是歷史上最嚴(yán)肅的人物也會(huì)有輕松愉快的時(shí)刻。A.enjoy享受、享有；B.bother麻煩；C.involve涉及；D.allow允許。根據(jù)下文“Itispossiblethatwisdomandhumorboth______handinhandwithjoy!(智慧和幽默都有可能與快樂(lè)攜手并進(jìn)！)”可知，上文關(guān)于“玉戒指”的故事，彰顯了孔子的幽默的一面，可得出歷史上最嚴(yán)肅的人物也享有輕松愉快的時(shí)刻，令人享受其中的輕松愉快，enjoy符合語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：智慧和幽默都有可能與快樂(lè)攜手并進(jìn)！A.catch接?。籅.go走；C.lead帶頭；D.take攜帶。根據(jù)上文“Thisstoryservesasareminderthateventhemostseriousfiguresinhistory______theirshareoflightheartedmoments.(這個(gè)故事提醒我們，即使是歷史上最嚴(yán)肅的人物也會(huì)有輕松愉快的時(shí)刻。)”可知，像孔子這么智慧的人物竟然如此幽默，gohandinhandwith…，意為“與……緊密相連”，go符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Afewyearsago,IenjoyedmysummervacationatNewYork’sHarrimanStateParkwithagoodfriend.Theplace___36___weweregoingtowasthebeautifulLakeSebago.Itwascertainlyaniceplacewithtentplatforms,anumberofkayaksandswimmingareas.Itwasquite___37___(convenience)forustofishthere.Assoonaswereachedthebestnearbyfishingspot,myfriendbeganunloadingthebaggage,andpassedmeafishingpolewithapieceofredclothattached___38___it.IpositionedthepoleinwhatIconsidered___39___(be)theperfectplaceandtriedtocast(扔)thelineinthewater.Afterjustafewfailedtries,Ifinallyhaditdown.Soona10-inchbluegill(藍(lán)腮太陽(yáng)魚)caughtit.Feelingexcitedbutnervous,Ipulleditup.Thewaterwasrathershallow(淺),sothefishwasn’tabletosinkdownor