河南省焦作市2024年中考英語模擬試卷（含答案）

河南省焦作市2024年中考英語模擬試卷閱卷人一、閱讀理解得分閱讀理解Inrecentyears,anumberofChinesecreationshavebeenpopulararoundtheworld.Amongthem,fourcreationsarethemostwell-known.Theyareknownasthe"fournewgreatinventions"ofmodernChina.High-speedtrainsChinacreateditsfirsthigh-speedrailwaylinein2008.Sincethen,manyvisitorshavetravelledaroundChinabyhigh-speedtrains.Chinaisworkingonnewhigh-speedtrainsthatwillhaveatopspeedof400kilometersperhour.Thesehigh-speedtrainswillconnectmorethan80percentofmaincitiesacrossChina.SharedbikesSharedbikeservicesstartedinwesterncountries.Unliketraditionalbike-sharingmethods,China'ssharedbikesallowuserstosimplypickuporparkonthestreet.PeoplejustneedtoscanaQRcode（掃描二維碼）onasharedbikewithasmartphoneapp.Afteryoufinishriding,youcanparkitsomeplace,lockitandpayforyourride.MobilepaymentMobilepaymentisturningChinaintoa"cashless（無現(xiàn)金）society".Forexample,customersnowpayforgoodssimplybyAlipayorWeChatpaymentwiththeirmobilephones.TheycanalsouseAlipaytobuythingsoninternationalwebsitesandapps.What'smore,insomecountriesaroundtheworld,theycanalsouseAlipayorWeChatPay.OnlineshoppingChinahasthelargestnumberofInternetusersintheworld.ThelargestonlineshoppingwebsiteAlibabahascreatedan"onlineshoppingfestival"andcelebratesonDecember11theveryyear.Peoplecanbuyplentyofthingsatgoodpricesonthatday.Andonlineshoppingalsohelpstoprovidejobsformanypeople.1．WhatdoweneedifwewanttobuythingsbyAlipay?A．Amobilephone. B．AQRcode. C．Cash. D．Ashoppingwebsite.2．WhichisNOTTRUEaboutChina'sfournewgreatcreations?A．Manypeoplecangetjobsbecauseoftheonlineshopping.B．TheshopsinChinadon'tacceptcashfromthecustomersnow.C．Lotsofpeoplechoosetotakethehigh-speedtrainstohavetrips.D．Wecanparkthesharedbikessomewhereonthestreetafterriding.3．Whenyouuseasharedbike,youcandoallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A．choosingthebikeonthestreet B．lockingthebikeC．payingforyourrideonyourphone D．repairingthebike4．What'sthemainpurposeofthistext?A．Toexplaintheusesofsharedbicycles.B．ToshowthedevelopmentofChinesetechnology.C．Tosharethehistoryofhigh-speedrailwayinChina.D．TocomparewiththefourgreatinventionsofancientChina.5．Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A．Atravelmagazine. B．Astorybook.C．Anewspaper. D．Ageographytextbook.閱讀理解I'mNancy.Doyourememberthenameofyourkindergarten（幼兒園）teacher？Ido.HernamewasMrs.White.AndIrememberIthoughtshemustbearelationofSnowWhite,becauseshehadthesamebrightblueeyes,shortdarkhairandfairskinasher.Idon'tremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclass,butmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedtowritealot.AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomanymistakes.Butnoredcorrections,andalwaysastar.SometimesevenaGood,whichwouldmakemeflywithhappiness.SoonedaywhenmymotherwenttomeetMrs.Whiteforoneofthoseparent-teachermeetings,sheaskedherwhyshenevercorrectedmymistakesintherightspellingsofwordsorpointedoutgrammaticalmistakes."Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwordsandformingsentences.Idon'twantmystudentstolosethatenthusiasm（熱情）becauseofredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait,thewonderofwordswon't..."Mrs.Whitesaid.LaterIknewthatifMrsWhitehadusedherredpenoften,Iprobablywouldn'tbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbacknowandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherunusualteachertouseaslessredpenaspossible.Iusedtomisspell"beautiful"alot,andcouldneverrememberthatthe"e"goesbeforethe"a".Itmademyteacherinhighschoolangry.Sheaskedmetouse"pretty"whenIwaswriting.Ididn'tlistentoher.Tomyeyes,"pretty"iseasiertospell,butitdoesn'tholdasmuchaswemeansometimes.AndthankstoMrs.White,IneverworriedaboutwritingwhatImeantevenifIcouldn'tquitespellitout,becauselifeisn't"pretty".It's"beautiful".6．HowmightNancy'smotherfeelbeforeshewenttomeetMrs.White?A．Worried. B．Pleased. C．Proud. D．Embarrassed.7．WhichoneisrightaccordingtowhatMrs.Whitesaidinparagraph3?A．Childrendon'thavethepatienceinspellingwords.B．Redcorrectionsareusedtodrawchildren'sattention.C．Children'sinterestoflearningwordsisveryimportant.D．Grammarandspellingshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.8．Whatisthecorrectorderaccordingtothetext?a.Nancydidbadlyinherschoolwork.b.Nancy'smotherunderstoodwhatMrs.Whitehaddone.c.Nancywouldnevermindmisspellingtoexpressherself.d.Mrs.WhiteexplainedwhyshenevercorrectedNancy'smistakes.e.Nancy'shighschoolteacherwasnotsatisfiedwithherformisspelling.A．a(chǎn)-d-b-e-c B．b-e-a-d-c C．c-d-a-e-b D．d-a-e-c-b9．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Oneshouldhelpchildrenspellcorrectwords.B．Activelearningisbetterthanjusttolistentoateacher.C．Childrenshouldknowhowtousesimplewordstoexpressthemselves.D．Usingwordstoexpressismoreimportantthanjustcorrectingspelling.10．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Mother'sLove. B．"Beautiful"Life.C．MyChildhood. D．GrowingupinMistakes.閱讀理解It'shardtoturndownjunkfood.However,eatingtoomuchisbadforyourbody,especiallyifyou'rebetweentheagesof10and19."Junkfoodshapesteenagebrainsinwaysthatmaketheirabilitytothink,learnandrememberweaker.Itcanalsomakeithardertocontrolbadbehaviors.Itmayevenupateen'sriskofmental（精神上的）problems."saidAmyReichelt,ascientistatWesternUniversity,Canada.Reicheltandtwootherresearchersreviewedmorethan100studiesabouthowpoorfoodchoicescanmakeabigdifferencetoteenagebrains.Theyfoundteenagersaremoresensitive（敏感的）thananyotheragegrouptofoodswithalotoffatandsugar,astheirbrainsarenotyetfullyformed.Teenagebrainsarestilldevelopingtheabilitytonoticerisksandcontrolactions.Theprefrontalcortex（前額皮質(zhì)）isthepartofthebraintellsusweshouldn'teatchipsallthetimeandhelpsuscontrolourselves.However,thispartdoesn'tfullydevelopuntilweareinourearly20s.Atthesametime,teenbrainsgetmoreexcitedfromprizes.Thepartsofthebrainthatmakeusfeelgoodwhenwedosomethinghappy—likeeatingtastyfoods—arefullydevelopedbytheteenyears.Asaresult,theteenbrainhastwohitsagainstitwhenitcomestorefusingjunkfood.Reicheltandherteamdidanexperimentusingmice,whosebrainsdevelopmuchlikeourown.Theydiscoveredthat"teenage"micethathadhigh-fatfoodsperformedworseonmemoryteststhanthoseeatingnormalfoods.So,what'sthebestwaytosaynotojunkfood？Theanswerisexercise.Whenweexercise,thebrainbecomeslesssensitivetofood,besidesthis,italsohelpsourbrainsgrowandbecomebetterabletomakewisedecisions.11．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Whatjunkfoodis.B．Whyteenagerslikejunkfood.C．Howjunkfoodharmsteenbrains.D．Howfoodhelpshumanbrainsdevelop.12．Whyisithardforyoungpeopletoturndownjunkfoodaccordingtothestudy?A．Becausetheirbrainsarefullydeveloped.B．Becausetheyneedenergyfortheirdevelopment.C．Becausetheyhavealowlevelofexcitementintheirbrains.D．Becausetheyaremoresensitivetothejoythatjunkfoodoffers.13．Whatmightthestudyonmiceshow?A．Wegetmoreexcitedwhileeatingjunkfood.B．High-fatfoodscouldharmourabilitytodealwithinformation.C．Humanbrainsdevelopataslowerspeedthanthebrainsofmice.D．High-fatfoodscouldmakemicebehavebetteratperformingarts.14．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthetext？（P=Paragraph）______A． B． C． D．15．What'sthetext?A．Aninstruction. B．Aninterview.C．Apoem. D．Astory.閱讀理解Popcornhasbeenconnectedwithcinemasandfilmsforaslongaswecanremember.Butwheredidthisconnectionbeginandwillitcontinue？16．Ithadadelicioussmellandthismademanypeoplebuyit.17．Cinemaownerswantedtoprotecttheexpensivefloorthattheyhadputintheircinemas.Theywerealsoworried-that,thesoundofpeopleeatingsnackswouldgetinthewayofotherpeople.So,salesmensetuppopcorn-machinesoutsidethecinemas.Asmoreandmorepeoplebeganbuyingpopcornontheirwayintothecinema,cinemaownersstartedtounderstandthattheycouldmakemoneyfromthepopularsnack.18．Finally,cinemasbegansellingsnacksthemselves.Todaypopcornisstillimportanttocinemas.Becausepopcornissocheaptomake,cinemasmakealotofmoneyoneveryboxtheysell.19．Inrecentyears,luxury（奈華的）cinemashavegottobecomepopular.Thesecinemastrytogivepeopleamoreenjoyableexperiencebyservingdifferentkindsoffoods.Butitisimpossiblethatpopcornwilldisappearcompletelyfromcinemas.Formanyofus,eatingpopcornhasbecomeapartoftheexperienceofwatchingafilm.20．EvenwhenwewatchafilmonTVathome,weoftenmakeourselvessomepopcorn.A.Oldhabitsseemhardtobreak.B.Popcornwasnotsoldinsidethecinemasatfirst.C.Somepeoplepredictthatpopcornincinemasmaydisappearsomeday.D.PopcornbecameapopularsnackinNorthAmericainthe19thcentury.E.Theydecidedtoallowthesalesmentopaytosellpopcorninthecinema.完形填空Eversincethestartofthesummervacation,Kylehadbeenspendinghisafternoonswatchingtelevisionshows.Hisdadwouldtellhimtostay21．fromthemobilephoneandgetuptodosomething.EachtimeKylewouldprotest（抗議）,andhisdadwouldreply,"I'dhavemore22．ifyouworkedashardasIdo!"OneafternoonKylesatoutside,feelingsad.Mr.Jackson,hisneighbor,stoppedtoaskwhatwaswrong.Kyletoldhimabouthis23．."Well,"Mr.Jacksonsaid,"severalelderlyneighborscan'tgetoutsidemuchanymore.Maybe,youcoulddo24．forthem.""Itsoundsgreat!"saidKyle.Laterthatafternoon,Kyle25．a(chǎn)posterinhisneighborhoodshowinghisservices.Severaldayswentbyandhedidn't26．a(chǎn)phonecall.Hewonderedwhattheproblemwas.Intheposterhehadlistedreally27．pricesforhisservices.KylefoundMr.Jacksonandtoldhimhisproblem."That'sreally28．,"Mr.JacksontoldKyle."IknowMrs.Kim'sdogneedsexercise,29．shecan'ttakeheronlongwalkseveryday.Maybepeoplejustdon'thavemoneytopayforsomeoneelsetodothe30．."Kylereplied,"I'mmainlylookingforsomethingtokeepme31．untilschoolstarts.Thepayisn'tthemainconsiderationforme.""Itisforthem,Kyle,"Mr.Jacksonsaid.Kyleunderstoodwhathe32．.HewenttoMrs.Kim'shouseandknockedonthedoor.Afterafewminutes,Mrs.Kimopenedit.Beforeshecouldsayanything,Kylespoke."Wouldyoulikemetowalkyourdogforyou？"heasked."It'llbe33．.Itwouldbemypleasure!""Oh,Kyle!"saidMrs.Kim."Thatwouldbesonice.Trixieisalittleshy.Butshe'llbeclosetoyou34．."KylewalkedTrixiedownthestreet.Whenthey35．thecorner,theypassedKyle'sfather.Withouthesitation（毫不猶豫）,hegaveKyleasmilefilledwithpride.21．A．off B．a(chǎn)way C．down D．up22．A．excuse B．space C．support D．influence23．A．situation B．solution C．a(chǎn)ttention D．information24．A．everything B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．something25．A．puton B．putup C．putout D．putaway26．A．make B．hold C．realize D．receive27．A．high B．low C．cheap D．special28．A．unfair B．perfect C．strange D．a(chǎn)wful29．A．since B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．or30．A．jobs B．dishes C．worries D．products31．A．healthy B．happy C．rich D．busy32．A．meant B．chose C．created D．expected33．A．easy B．free C．hard D．funny34．A．quickly B．luckily C．politely D．exactly35．A．emptied B．opened C．rounded D．cleaned選詞填空regard,poem,among,that,it,real,interest,change,make,highYuntaiMountainliesinXiuwuCounty,about30kilometersfromJiaozuoCity.Themountainis36．thefirstgroupfromallovertheworldthatreceivedthetitleofWorldGeologicalParkfromUNESOin2004.Itisalsotheonlyfamousplaceof37．inHenanProvincehavingthetitlesofNational5AGradeTouristAttraction,NationalForestPark.Coveredwiththickforest,YuntaiMountainisfamousfor38．proudmountainandwater.Yuntaiwaterfall,314metershigh,isthe39．waterfallinChina.Besidesthis,deepvalleys（山谷）,specialstonesandwildflowersformabeautifulwonder.ThebeautyofYuntaiMountain40．withseasons.Inspring,themountainisfullofwildflowersandgreengrasses.Insummer,themysteriousforestandbeautifulwaterfall41．itanexcellentplace.Inautumn,leavesturnsored42．themountainlookslikeacolorfulcoat.Inwinter,snowturnsthemountainintoawhiteworldoficewaterfall.IcePillar（柱子）andevergreenplantscoveredwithsnoware43．a(chǎn)typicalwinterwonderinnorthernChina.YuntaiMountainis44．a(chǎn)sapopulartouristplacethroughouthistory.Manyfamousvisitorslefttheirstonecharactersand45．here,addingtoitsculturalvalue.短文填空InVietnam'sbiggestcityHoChiMinhCity,thereisariceATM（自動取米機(jī)）.Itgives46．1.5kgofriceeachtimeanditworks24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thericeisfree.HoangTuanAnhisthebusinessmanbehindtheidea.Hehopestohelppeople47．can'taffordtobuyfood.NguyenThiLyisamongthosepeopleinneed."ThisriceATM48．beenhelpful.Thisonebagofriceisenoughforoneday,"saidthe34-year-oldmotherofthreechildren."Iwantthosepeopleindifficultiestoknow49．a(chǎn)restillgoodpeopleoutthere.AndIwanttogivethem50．secondchance."theinventorofthemachineAnhsaid.補(bǔ)全對話A:Hi,thisisWangFeng!Icalledyoulastnight,butyoudidn'treply.What'sup？B:Oh!Ihavehadabadcold.51．.A:Sorrytohearthat.Youhavethesameconditionasme.52．?B:Yes,Ihave.MytemperatureisnormalandI'mfeelingmuchbetternow.Bytheway,53．?A:Youknow,IwillattendaspeakingcompetitiononCampusSafety（校園安全）.Asstudents,howcanweprotectourselvesintheschool？B:Manyways.54．.Don'ttakeknivestoschool.Callthepoliceortellteacherswhenindangerandsoon.A:Great!Ha-ha!Itseemsthatyouareclearerthanmenow.55．.AndI'msureyouwillgetwellsoon.B:Thankyou!Ihopeso.56．在你成長歷程中，有許多人和你一路同行，如兄弟姐妹，同學(xué)，甚至父母。你們相互學(xué)習(xí)，彼此影響，共同提高。請以"Nicetogowithyoualltheway"為題，根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)和要求，用英語寫一篇短文。1.要點(diǎn):

1）這個人是誰，有什么特點(diǎn)；

2）交往中對你影響最深的一件事；

3）你從這個人身上學(xué)到了什么品質(zhì)。

2.要求:

1）文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱:

2）詞數(shù)100左右。Nicetogowithyoualltheway

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D4．B5．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹近代中國的"新四大發(fā)明"。【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Forexample,customersnowpayforgoodssimplybyAlipayorWeChatpaymentwiththeirmobilephones.可知現(xiàn)在客戶只需通過手機(jī)支付寶或微信支付即可支付商品。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Andonlineshoppingalsohelpstoprovidejobsformanypeople.可知網(wǎng)上購物也有助于為許多人提供工作。因此選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第二段2008.Sincethen,manyvisitorshavetravelledaroundChinabyhigh-speedtrains.可知2008年以來，許多游客乘坐高鐵周游中國。因此選項(xiàng)C正確；根據(jù)第三段Afteryoufinishriding,youcanparkitsomeplace,lockitandpayforyourride.可知騎行結(jié)束后，可以將它停在某個地方，鎖好并支付乘車費(fèi)用。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段China'ssharedbikesallowuserstosimplypickuporparkonthestreet.和Afteryoufinishriding,youcanparkitsomeplace,lockitandpayforyourride.可知中國的共享單車讓用戶可以簡單地在街上取車或停放。騎完后，你可以把它停在某個地方，鎖上它并支付騎行費(fèi)用。故選D。4．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹近代中國的"新四大發(fā)明"。因此選項(xiàng)B"展示中國科技的發(fā)展。"符合題意。故選B。5．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹近代中國的"新四大發(fā)明"，是一種新聞，因此會在報紙上出現(xiàn)。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．A7．C8．A9．D10．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹作者的幼兒園老師——懷特夫人呵護(hù)孩子學(xué)習(xí)單詞的興趣，從而使孩子們可以用文字來表達(dá)來表達(dá)自己，因此他們認(rèn)為這是"美麗"的生活。【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意了解文中敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，然后總結(jié)出最佳標(biāo)題。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomanymistakes.可知作者的媽媽檢查作者寫的東西，發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多錯誤。因此推測媽媽會很焦慮。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwordsandformingsentences.Idon'twantmystudentstolosethatenthusiasm（熱情）becauseofredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait,thewonderofwordswon't...可知懷特夫人認(rèn)為孩子們剛剛開始對使用單詞和造句感到興奮。她不希望我的學(xué)生因?yàn)榧t色墨水而失去那種熱情。拼寫和語法可以等等，單詞的奇跡不會。因此推測懷特夫人認(rèn)為孩子學(xué)習(xí)單詞的興趣非常重要。故選C。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandseethereweresomanymistakes.可知南希的功課成績很差。因此a句是第一；根據(jù)第三段"Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwordsandformingsentences.Idon'twantmystudentstolosethatenthusiasm（熱情）becauseofredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait,thewonderofwordswon't..."Mrs.Whitesaid.可知懷特夫人解釋了為什么她從不糾正南希的錯誤。因此d句是第二；根據(jù)第五段Itmademyteacherinhighschoolangry.可知南希的高中老師對她的拼寫錯誤很不滿意。因此e句是第三；根據(jù)最后一段AndthankstoMrs.White,IneverworriedaboutwritingwhatImeantevenifIcouldn'tquitespellitout,becauselifeisn't"pretty".It's"beautiful".可知南希從不介意用拼寫錯誤來表達(dá)自己。因此c句是第四。故選A。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwordsandformingsentences.Idon'twantmystudentstolosethatenthusiasm（熱情）becauseofredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait,thewonderofwordswon't..."Mrs.Whitesaid.和最后一段AndthankstoMrs.White,IneverworriedaboutwritingwhatImeantevenifIcouldn'tquitespellitout,becauselifeisn't"pretty".It's"beautiful".可知懷特夫人不希望打擊孩子學(xué)習(xí)單詞的興趣。且南希從不介意用拼寫錯誤來表達(dá)自己。因此可以推斷出用文字來表達(dá)比僅僅糾正拼寫更重要。故選D。10．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹作者的幼兒園老師——懷特夫人呵護(hù)孩子學(xué)習(xí)單詞的興趣，從而使孩子們可以用文字來表達(dá)來表達(dá)自己，因此他們認(rèn)為這是"美麗"的生活。故選B?！敬鸢浮?1．C12．D13．B14．D15．A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹垃圾食品對青少年大腦的危害?！军c(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Junkfoodshapesteenagebrainsinwaysthatmaketheirabilitytothink,learnandrememberweaker.Itcanalsomakeithardertocontrolbadbehaviors.Itmayevenupateen'sriskofmental（精神上的）problems."可知垃圾食品以削弱青少年思考、學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力的方式塑造他們的大腦。它還會使控制不良行為變得更加困難。它甚至可能會增加青少年出現(xiàn)精神問題的風(fēng)險。因此本段說的是垃圾食品如何傷害青少年的大腦。故選C。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theyfoundteenagersaremoresensitive（敏感的）thananyotheragegrouptofoodswithalotoffatandsugar,astheirbrainsarenotyetfullyformed.可知青少年比任何其他年齡組對含有大量脂肪和糖分的食物更敏感，因?yàn)樗麄兊拇竽X尚未完全形成。故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Theydiscoveredthat"teenage"micethathadhigh-fatfoodsperformedworseonmemoryteststhanthoseeatingnormalfoods.可知吃高脂肪食物的"十幾歲"老鼠在記憶力測試中的表現(xiàn)比吃正常食物的老鼠差。因此推斷出高脂肪食物可能會損害我們處理信息的能力。故選B。14．主旨大意題。第一段的大意是垃圾食品如何傷害青少年的大腦；第二三四段的大意是垃圾食品為什么能夠傷害青少年的大腦；最后一段大意是拒絕垃圾食品的最佳方式。故選D。15．主旨大意題。本文主要介紹垃圾食品對青少年大腦的危害。因此這篇文章是一項(xiàng)說明。故選A。【答案】16．D；17．B；18．E；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹爆米花和電影院的關(guān)系。

選項(xiàng)意思：A.Oldhabitsseemhardtobreak.舊習(xí)慣似乎很難打破。B.Popcornwasnotsoldinsidethecinemasatfirst.起初，爆米花在電影院內(nèi)是不賣的。C.Somepeoplepredictthatpopcornincinemasmaydisappearsomeday.有人預(yù)測，電影院里的爆米花可能有一天會消失。D.PopcornbecameapopularsnackinNorthAmericainthe19thcentury.爆米花在19世紀(jì)成為北美流行的小吃。E.Theydecidedtoallowthesalesmentopaytosellpopcorninthecinema.他們決定讓推銷員付錢在電影院賣爆米花?！军c(diǎn)評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。首先讀懂文章大意，然后讀懂選項(xiàng)意思，最后聯(lián)系上下文，抓住關(guān)鍵詞句確定答案。16．根據(jù)第一段Ithadadelicioussmellandthismademanypeoplebuyit.可知爆米花聞起來很香，吸引了很多人購買。因此爆米花是一種流行的小吃。故選D。17．根據(jù)第一段Cinemaownerswantedtoprotecttheexpensivefloorthattheyhadputintheircinemas.Theywerealsoworried-that,thesoundofpeopleeatingsnackswouldgetinthewayofotherpeople.So,salesmensetuppopcorn-machinesoutsidethecinemas.可知電影院老板想保護(hù)他們在電影院中鋪設(shè)的昂貴地板。他們也擔(dān)心——吃零食的聲音會影響到其他人于是推銷員在電影院外設(shè)置了爆米花機(jī)。因此起初爆米花在電影院內(nèi)是不賣的。故選B。18．根據(jù)第二段Finally,cinemasbegansellingsnacksthemselves.可知最后，電影院開始自己賣零食，推銷員付錢在電影院賣爆米花。故選E。19．根據(jù)最后一段Butitisimpossiblethatpopcornwilldisappearcompletelyfromcinemas.可知爆米花不可能從電影院完全消失。but說明上面的推斷是電影院里的爆米花可能有一天會消失。故選C。20．根據(jù)最后一段EvenwhenwewatchafilmonTVathome,weoftenmakeourselvessomepopcorn.可知甚至當(dāng)我們在家看電視電影時，我們也經(jīng)常給自己做一些爆米花。因此舊習(xí)慣似乎很難打破。故選A?！敬鸢浮?1．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．B；26．D；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要講述的是凱爾一開始為他的服務(wù)收取費(fèi)用，但是沒人給他打電話。鄰居告訴了他為什么，最后凱爾免費(fèi)的為大家服務(wù)。【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空。首先要通讀課文，明白主旨大意，然后再做題。做完型時要記住"瞻前顧后想結(jié)果"這一原則，根據(jù)上下文以及語境做題，切忌主觀臆斷。另外，平時還要多多積累詞匯。完形填空常考名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞等辨析。做詞義辨析題時，首先要確認(rèn)四個選項(xiàng)的含義，然后分析語境和邏輯關(guān)系，確定答案。21．句意：他爸爸告訴他遠(yuǎn)離手機(jī)，要起床做點(diǎn)什么。Aoff下來；Baway離開；Cdown向下；Dup向上。固定搭配stayawayfrom，遠(yuǎn)離。故選B。22．句意：如果你像我一樣努力工作，我會得到更多支持！Aexcuse借口；Bspace空間；Csupport支持；Dinfluence影響。根據(jù)youworkedashardasIdo!可知兒子如果像爸爸一樣努力，那么爸爸會得到很多的支撐。故選C。23．句意：凱爾告訴他關(guān)于他的情況。Asituation情況；Bsolution解決辦法；Cattention注意；Dinformation信息。根據(jù)Mr.Jackson,hisneighbor,stoppedtoaskwhatwaswrong.可知鄰居問凱爾怎么啦，那么凱爾會告訴他自己的情況。故選A。24．句意：也許，你可以為他們做一些事。Aeverything一切；Bnothing無事；Canything任何事；Dsomething某事。根據(jù)Laterthatafternoon,Kyle5aposterinhisneighborhoodshowinghisservices.可知后來凱爾做了一些事。故選D。25．句意：那天下午晚些時候，凱爾在他家附近貼了一張海報，展示他的服務(wù)。Aputon穿上；Bputup張貼；Cputout撲滅；Dputaway收起放好。根據(jù)aposterinhisneighborhoodshowinghisservices.可知凱爾張貼了海報。故選B。26．句意：幾天過去了，他一個電話都沒有接到。Amake制作；Bhold抓??；Crealize意識到；Dreceive接收。根據(jù)Hewonderedwhattheproblemwas.可知凱爾沒有接到電話，因此覺得奇怪，想知道問題在哪兒。故選D。27．句意：在海報中，他列出了很低的服務(wù)價格。Ahigh高的；Blow低的；Ccheap便宜的；Dspecial特殊的。根據(jù)Maybepeoplejustdon'thavemoneytopayforsomeoneelsetodothe10.可知也許人們只是沒有錢請別人來做事。因此盡管他列的價格足夠低，也沒有人打電話。故選B。28．句意：那真的很奇怪。Aunfair不公平的；Bperfect完美的；Cstrange奇怪的；Dawful糟糕的。根據(jù)Severaldayswentbyandhedidn't6aphonecall.Hewonderedwhattheproblemwas.Intheposterhehadlistedreally7pricesforhisservices.可知盡管他列的價格足夠低，也沒有人打電話，這是很讓人奇怪的。故選C。29．句意：我知道金太太的狗需要鍛煉，但是她不能每天帶她去長距離散步。Asince自從；Band并且；Cbut但是；Dor否則。根據(jù)IknowMrs.Kim'sdogneedsexercise,和shecan'ttakeheronlongwalkseveryday.可知，前后兩句表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。故選C。30．句意：也許人們只是沒有錢請別人來做這份工作。Ajobs工作；Bdishes菜肴；Cworries擔(dān)心；Dproducts產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)IknowMrs.Kim'sdogneedsexercise,9shecan'ttakeheronlongwalkseveryday.可知這是一份工作。故選A。31．句意：我主要是想找點(diǎn)事讓我做一直忙到開學(xué)。Ahealthy健康的；Bhappy開心的；Crich富裕的；Dbusy忙碌的。根據(jù)Maybe,youcoulddo4forthem.可知凱爾想做一些事，讓自己忙碌。故選D。32．句意：凱爾明白他意思指什么。Ameant意思；Bchose選擇；Ccreated創(chuàng)造；Dexpected期望。根據(jù)"Wouldyoulikemetowalkyourdogforyou？"heasked."It'llbe13.Itwouldbemypleasure!"可知凱爾明白了鄰居的意思，所以他的服務(wù)不再收取費(fèi)用。故選A。33．句意：這將是免費(fèi)的。Aeasy容易地；Bfree自由的；Chard難的；Dfunny有趣的。根據(jù)Kyleunderstoodwhathe12.可知爾明白了鄰居的意思，所以他的服務(wù)不再收取費(fèi)用。故選B。34．句意：但她會很快地靠近你。Aquickly快速地；Bluckily幸運(yùn)地；Cpolitely禮貌地；Dexactly確切地。根據(jù)but可知前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此后句說的是會很快和凱爾熟悉起來。故選A。35．句意：當(dāng)他們轉(zhuǎn)彎時，他們走過了凱爾的父親。Aemptied倒空；Bopened打開；Crounded繞行；Dcleaned打掃。根據(jù)KylewalkedTrixiedownthestreet.可知凱爾陪Trixie走在街上。因此他們走過拐角。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6．a(chǎn)mong；37．interest；38．its；39．highest；40．changes；41．make；42．that；43．really；44．regarded；45．poems【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹河南的旅游地——云臺山。

選項(xiàng)意思：regard認(rèn)為；poem詩；among在……中間；that那個；it它；real真實(shí)的；interest興趣；change變化；make制作；high高的?！军c(diǎn)評】考查選詞填空。先分析選項(xiàng)意思，根據(jù)語境選擇正確的單詞，然后根據(jù)單詞在語境中的需要進(jìn)行變形，同時熟記固定搭配和固定句型等。36．句意：2004年，這座山是世界上第一批獲得聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界地質(zhì)公園稱號的山峰。根據(jù)thefirstgroupfromallovertheworldthatreceivedthetitleofWorldGeologicalParkfromUNESOin2004.可知云臺山是眾多山峰之一，因此選among，在……中之一。故填among。37．句意：它也是河南省唯一擁有國家5A級旅游景區(qū)、國家森林公園稱號的名勝。固定搭配placeofinterest，名勝古跡。故填interest。38．句意：云臺山森林茂密，以傲人的山水而著名。根據(jù)mountainandwater可知這是云臺山的山水，因此選it，其后是名詞，因此用形容詞性物主代詞its。故填its。39．句意：云臺瀑布，高314米，為中國最高的大瀑布。根據(jù)314metershigh可知此處談?wù)撛婆_山瀑布的高度，因此選high，根據(jù)the可知用形容詞最高級。故填highest。40．句意：云臺山的美景隨季節(jié)變化。根據(jù)Inspring、Insummer、Inautumn和Inwinter可知臺山的美景隨季節(jié)變化。因此選change，描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是ThebeautyofYuntai，動詞用單三形式。故填ThebeautyofYuntaiMountain。41．句意：夏季，神秘的森林和美麗的瀑布使它成為絕佳去處。根據(jù)themysteriousforestandbeautifulwaterfall可知這是云臺山是好去處的原因，因此選make，描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是themysteriousforestandbeautifulwaterfall，動詞用原形。故填make。42．句意：秋天，樹葉變得如此紅以至于山就像一件五顏六色的外衣。固定搭配so...that...，如此……以至于……。故填that。43．句意：冰柱和白雪覆蓋的常綠植物真的是中國北方典型的冬季奇觀。根據(jù)atypicalwinterwonderinnorthernChina可知此空表示對北方典型的冬季奇觀的強(qiáng)調(diào)，因此選real，用副詞really來修飾整個句子。故填really。44．句意：云臺山被視作歷史上著名的旅游勝地。固定搭配beregardedas，被視作。故填regarded。45．句意：許多著名的游客在這里留下了他們的石刻和詩，增加了它的文化價值。根據(jù)thefirstgroupfromallovertheworldthatreceivedthetitleofWorldGeologicalParkfromUNESOin2004.addingtoitsculturalvalue和選項(xiàng)可知此空指游客留下的詩增加了云臺山的文化價值，因此選poem，此空前沒有表示單數(shù)的限定詞，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填poems?！敬鸢浮?6．out；47．who/that；48．has；49．there；50．a(chǎn)【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹自動取米機(jī)及其發(fā)明者。點(diǎn)評】考查短文填空。首先要掌握短文大意。然后越過空格，通讀全文，通過我們掌握的基本常識和邏輯思維了解文章的大意，理清文章的脈絡(luò)，同時還要注意某些與空格有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵信息，為填寫空格打好基礎(chǔ)。46．句意：它每次分發(fā)1.5公斤大米，每周7天，每天24小時不間斷工作。根據(jù)thereisariceATM可知自動取米機(jī)分發(fā)大米，固定搭配giveout，分發(fā)。故填out。47．句意：他希望幫助那些買不起食物的人。這是一個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是people，關(guān)系詞用who/that。故填w