2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句教師用書(shū)教案北師大版

PAGE1-定語(yǔ)從句Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且關(guān)系詞在句中替代先行詞apetshop在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which。2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasterswhohadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞masters，masters為人，故填who。3．(2024·浙江卷)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththat/whichgivesofflightinthedark.解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句式可知，先行詞是cloth，后面是定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that/which。4．(2024·北京卷)Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewho/thataretotallyengaged(參加)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(資源)．解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。those做先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般用who；又因?yàn)閠hat也可以指人，故填who/that。5．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogramthat/whichgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011，fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.解析：先行詞program后接定語(yǔ)從句；在定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為“物”。6．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，whichisnotgoodforthehealth.解析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代前面主句的內(nèi)容。7．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.解析：依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是Sarah，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故關(guān)系代詞用who。8．(2024·浙江卷)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotsweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden，whereitremaineduntilthecarrot'sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生長(zhǎng))throughit.解析：依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為thegarden，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故要用關(guān)系副詞where。9．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius，wholivedfromroughly551to479BC,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.解析：句中先行詞為thegreatChinesescholarConfucius，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填who。10．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s，whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.解析：句中先行詞為themid-1980s，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Inthecafe,customerswillenjoythemselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.what改為that/which解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知．..iscreatedforthem為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞thehistoricalenvironment，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.that→which解析：關(guān)系詞的混用。that不能夠引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故改為which。3．(2024·四川卷)ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom'sfavorite.what→that/which，或者去掉what解析：首先推斷dishes后面的從句為定語(yǔ)從句，what不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；其次定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)。4．(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight.that→which解析：關(guān)系詞的混用。that不能夠引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故改為which。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)1．which與that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分(1)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前。Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,inwhichtherearemanycartoons.小女孩在讀書(shū)，書(shū)里有很多漫畫(huà)。(2)that的用法①先行詞是all,much,little,few,something,anything,everything,none,nothing等不定代詞；②先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾；③先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast等詞修飾④先行詞既指人又指物Sheistheonlypersonthatunderstandsme.她是唯一理解我的人。Thefamouswriterandhisbookthatyoureferredtojustnowarewell-knownnow.你剛才提到的那位聞名作家和他的書(shū)現(xiàn)在特別出名。2．which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分whichas先行詞先行詞可以是一個(gè)名詞也可以是整個(gè)主句先行詞只能是主句位置只能放在先行詞的后面位置敏捷，可位于句前、句中也可置于句后搭配無(wú)動(dòng)詞的限制謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常是表示感覺(jué)或心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如see,hear,know,expect,remember等詞意意為“這一點(diǎn)”表示“正如……，正像……的那樣”Shemarriedagain,asweexpected.正如我們預(yù)料的那樣，她再婚了。Shemarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.她再婚了，這是始料不及的。3．thesame...that...與thesame...as的區(qū)分(1)thesame...as...表示相像的東西。Thisisthesamebookashelentmelastweek.這和他上星期借給我的那本書(shū)屬于同一類(lèi)。(2)thesame...that...表示同一人或物。Thisisthesamebookthathelentmelastweek.這是他上星期借給我的那本書(shū)。4．such/so...as...與such/so...that...的區(qū)分(1)such/so...as...引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，意為“像……那樣”，as在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。ThisissuchaneasyquestionasIcananswer.這是一道我可以回答的簡(jiǎn)潔問(wèn)題。(2)such/so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如此……以至于……”，that在從句中不作成分。ThisissuchaneasyquestionthatIcananswerit.這是一道如此簡(jiǎn)潔的問(wèn)題以至于我都可以回答。5．其他關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞先行詞句法功能who人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略)、表語(yǔ)whom人賓語(yǔ)(限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可省略)whose(＝ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定語(yǔ)Hiswife,whoisafamousactress,willvisitAmerica.他妻子，一位聞名演員，將要訪(fǎng)問(wèn)美國(guó)。Thehouse,whoseroofwasdamaged,hasnowbeenrepaired.那棟屋頂損壞了的房子現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)修好了。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)2關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)關(guān)系副詞先行詞句法功能when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)、情形、狀況、活動(dòng)、關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)等地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why緣由緣由狀語(yǔ)IwillneverforgetthedaywhenShenzhouⅩwassentupintospace.我恒久不會(huì)遺忘神舟十號(hào)放射升空的那一天。Thisisthevillagewhereweworkedtenyearsago.這就是十年前我們工作過(guò)的那個(gè)村莊。Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?你知道他缺席的緣由嗎？eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)3“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)構(gòu)成句法功能用法指津名詞(代詞)＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)化為“whose＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)詞(形容詞最高級(jí))＋of＋關(guān)系代詞主語(yǔ)數(shù)詞還可以被some,many,most,each等不定代詞替換介詞(短語(yǔ))＋關(guān)系代詞狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可與關(guān)系副詞互換介詞＋關(guān)系代詞＋名詞狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞常用which和whose介詞＋關(guān)系副詞狀語(yǔ)有時(shí)為了表達(dá)清晰，還可以在關(guān)系副詞where/when前加介詞from或toRecently,Iboughtanancientvase,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.最近，我買(mǎi)了一個(gè)古代花瓶，它的價(jià)格很合理。Hehastencousins,theyoungestofwhomisveryclever.他有十個(gè)表兄弟，最小的那個(gè)很聰慧。Wearelookingforthepersontowhomthebookbelongs.我們正在找尋這本書(shū)的主子。Lilymightpossiblycome,inwhichcaseI'llaskher.莉莉可能會(huì)來(lái)，要是那樣的話(huà)我就去問(wèn)她。Thereisabigwindowinmyroom,fromwhereIcanseetherailwaystation.我的房間有一個(gè)大窗戶(hù)，透過(guò)它我可以看到火車(chē)站。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)4特別定語(yǔ)從句)1．分隔式定語(yǔ)從句分隔式定語(yǔ)從句是指先行詞與關(guān)系代(副)詞分隔。Greatchangesaroundustakeplacebeforeoureyeseverydaytowhichwepaylittleattention.(先行詞greatchanges與定語(yǔ)從句towhichwepaylittleattention分隔)我們很少關(guān)注眼前在我們周邊每天發(fā)生的巨大改變。2．插入式定語(yǔ)從句插入式定語(yǔ)從句是指關(guān)系代詞與從句之間有插入語(yǔ)。Wemustbelieveinourselves,which,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantinourlife.(關(guān)系代詞which與從句其他成分之間有插入語(yǔ)inmyopinion)我們必需要信任自己，在我看來(lái)，這是我們生活中最重要的。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Well,helikestheideaofstudyingthere,buthehasfriendswho/thatwillstayhere,andhisgirlfriendmaystayheretoo.2．Brownfatburnsenergy,whichhelpsusloseweight.3．Anyonewho/thatupgradestheirprofessionalknowledgetoanewlevelcanapplyforthesecourses.4．ThereoncelivedaboynamedWooSing,whosefatherbroughthomeamirror.5．IhavealsoheardthatanotherreasonforgrowingGMfoodisthattheproducerswanttobeabletosuccessfullygrowthebestcropsthathaveahighnutritionalvalue.6．Well,second,besuretodosomeresearchonthecompanyforwhichyouarebeinginterviewed.7．SecondlyyouaretotakepartindifferentpartiesandknowthehistoryofChinaandChineseculture,especiallyChineseholidays,whichwillimpressyoudeeply.8．Iwaspuzzledanddidn'tknowhowtodealwiththerelationshipbetweenjobandfamilyuntiloneday,duringmybusinesstripinChicago,IcameacrossanoldfamilyfriendDan,whowasonceapatientofmyfather.9．Theyalsosupervisedslaveswho/thatdidallthecooking,cleaningandplantingofthecrops.10．IhavebeenamemberforfouryearsnowandI'vetakenpartinalotofinterestingprojects,whichincludefunactivitiessuchasholidaycampsanddiscos.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．FromtherewewenttoBrisbane,thatisthecapitalcityofQueensland,Australia.that→which2．Lastbutnotleast,myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel,whichinfluenceonmehasspreadtomywholelife.which→whose3．Youaresupposedtohavelunchtogetherwithsomestudentsintheschooldininghall,thatyoucanhaveafreetalkwithstudentsfromdifferentclasses.that→where4．AhBaodidallhecouldtosavemylittlebrother,thatmovedallthepeoplepresent.that→which5．TherearethreepeopleinmyfamilyandI'mtheonlyonechild,whoisverycommoninChinesefamilies.who→which6．Onthethirdfloortherearetworooms,oneofthemisusedasameetingroom.them→which7．Thewaitress,namedPenny,isaneasy-goingandnicegirlwhomhasadreamofbecominganactress.whom→who8．Thetownissoprimitive—allthebuildingsconservetheiroriginalfaces,thatmakesitpopularamongthemodernizedworld.that→which9．Afterdrinkingthiskindofmilk,thebabieshadbigheadswhiletheirlegsandarmswerestillthin,itbadlyaffectedtheirhealth.it→which10．Itisstatedinmyresume,IgraduatedfromZhejiangUniversityⅢ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空Doyouknowtheman__1__wrotethisbook？HewasJason,oneoftheengineers__2__camefromRussiainthe1950s.Heworkedinthesamefactory__3__myfatheronceworked.WhenhecametoChina,thefirstthing__4__hedidwastovisitthefactory__5__didresearchontrolleybusesandfoundoutthereason__6__Chinawassobackwardinit.Thenhespenteveryminute__7__hecouldsparetohelpChinadeveloptransportation.__8__ismentionedabove,Jasonwasaforeigner__9__madegreatcontributionstoourcountryandwasakindmanto__10__weshouldsaythanks.1．who/that2.who/that3.where4.that5.which/that6.why7.that8.As9.who/that10.whomⅣ.語(yǔ)法填空ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.AwakeningofInsects(驚蟄)__1__(fall)onMar.6andendsonMar.20thisyear.AwakeningofInsectssignalsariseintemperatureandincreasedrainfall.Asthe__2__(three)solarterminthelunaryear,__3__(it)namesuggeststhefactthatanimalssleepinginwinterareawakened__4__springthunderandthattheearthbeginstocomebacktolife.Itisthekeytimeforspringagricultural__5__(activity).Itisalsoagoodtimeforpeopletoenjoyfunoutdoors,especiallyforpeoplelivinginthecity.__6__(drive)tothesuburbs,fishinginalakeorenjoyingthesingingbirdwillmakeforaperfectweekendinspring.Themostpopularfruitinthisseasonispears.EatingpearsaroundtheAwakeningofInsects__7__(be)awidely-practicedcustominChina.Astheweathergets__8__(warm)andtheairbecomesdrier,peopletendtofeeltheirmouthsandtonguesaredry,__9__cancausecoldsorcoughs.Apearissweet,juicyandcold,moistening(潮濕)thelungstoarrestacough.__10__，pearsarehighlyrecommendedduringtheAwakeningofInsects.本文是一篇文化類(lèi)短文閱讀，主要介紹了我國(guó)農(nóng)歷傳統(tǒng)節(jié)氣驚蟄的習(xí)俗。1．falls解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：今年的驚蟄是在3月6日。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填falls。2．third解析：考查序數(shù)詞。句意：作為農(nóng)歷的第三個(gè)節(jié)氣。依據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“第三”，故用序數(shù)詞。3．its解析：考查代詞。句意：它的名字表明正冬眠的動(dòng)物被春雷喚醒，大地上萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇。修飾名詞name，用形容詞性物主代詞作定