2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語單元素能自測5Unit5Revealingnature含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

單元素能自測Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwasabout12,Ihadanenemy,agirlwholikedtopointoutmyshortcomings.Weekbyweekherlist__1__.Ibecameangryandtoldmyfather.Helistenedtome__2__，andthenheasked,“Arethethingsshesaystrueornot？Didn'tyoueverwonder__3__you'rereallylike？Now,youhavethatgirl's__4__.Goand__5__alistofeverythingshesaidandmarkthe__6__points.”Idid__7__hetoldme.Tomygreat__8__，Idiscoveredthatabouthalfthethingsweretrue.ForthefirsttimeIgotafairly__9__pictureofmyself.IbroughtthelistbacktoDaddy.He__10__totakeitandsaid,“That'sjustforyou.Youknow__11__thananyoneelsethetruthaboutyourself.Butyouhavetolearnto__12__，notjustcloseyourearsinanger,feeling__13__.Whensomethingsaidaboutyouistrue,you'llfinditofhelptoyou.Ourworldisfullofpeoplewhothinktheyknowyouraffairs.Don'tshutyour__14__.Hearthetruthanddowhatyouknowistherightthingtodo.”Daddy'sadvicehasalways__15__tomeatmanyimportantmoments.Inmylife,I'veneverhadabetterpieceofadvice.本文介紹了在作者約十二歲那年，有一個女孩總是指出她的缺點(diǎn)，作者很生氣，跑去向父親訴苦，父親告知作者要正確地相識自己，不要閉目塞聽，別人說的假如是正確的，那么就要勇于改正。1．A.collected B．a(chǎn)ddedC．grew D．continued答案：C解析：考查動詞及語境理解。A.collected收集；B.added增加；C.grew增長；D.continued接著。一周一周地，她列的單子內(nèi)容增加了。add指“把……增加到……”，不合題意。故選C。2．A.coldlyB．quietlyC．eagerlyD．happily答案：B解析：考查副詞及語境理解。A.coldly冷冷地；B.quietly寧靜地；C.eagerly渴望地；D.happily歡樂地。爸爸寧靜地聽我說。故選B。3．A.whoB．howC．whatD．that答案：C解析：考查連接詞及語境理解。A.who誰；B.how如何；C.what什么；D.that無意義。What...belike？像……樣子？莫非你不想知道你是什么樣子的嗎？故選C。4．A.excuseB．opinionC．talkD．a(chǎn)dvice答案：B解析：考查名詞及語境理解。A.excuse借口；B.opinion觀點(diǎn)；C.talk談?wù)摚籇.advice建議?，F(xiàn)在你有了這個女孩的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。5．A.takeB．makeC．createD．receive答案：B解析：考查動詞及語境理解。A.take拿；B.make制作；C.create創(chuàng)建；D.receive接受。makealistof列出。故選B。6．A.wrongB．correctC．bigD．true答案：D解析：考查形容詞及語境理解。A.wrong錯的；B.correct正確的；C.big大的；D.true真實的。標(biāo)出真實的幾點(diǎn)。下文的Idiscoveredthatabouthalfthethingsweretrue.也有示意，故選D。7．A.asB．soC．beforeD．till答案：A解析：考查連詞及語境理解。A.as正如，依據(jù)；B.so因此；C.before在……前面；D.till直到。我依據(jù)他說的去做。故選A。8．A.joyB．pleasureC．surpriseD．a(chǎn)nger答案：C解析：考查名詞及語境理解。A.joy歡樂；B.pleasure開心；C.surprise驚異；D.anger生氣。使我驚異的是，她說的大約一半都是真的。故選C。9．A.wonderfulB．clearC．interestingD．beautiful答案：B解析：考查形容詞及語境理解。A.wonderful精彩的；B.clear清晰的；C.interesting好玩的；D.beautiful漂亮的。我第一次望見自己的清晰的樣子。故選B。10．A.promisedB．refusedC．expectedD．a(chǎn)greed答案：B解析：考查動詞及語境理解。A.promised許諾；B.refused拒絕；C.expected期望；D.agreed同意。從后面的句子“That'sjustforyou.”可知爸爸拒絕接受它。故選B。11．A.widerB．higherC．betterD．lower答案：C解析：考查副詞比較級及語境理解。A.wider更寬地；B.higher更高地；C.better更好地；D.lower更低地。你比任何人都更了解自己。故選C。12．A.listenB．standC．speakD．share答案：A解析：考查動詞及語境理解。A.listen聽；B.stand站立；C.speak說話；D.share共享。你得學(xué)會聽。故選A。13．A.hurtB．sadC．shyD．excited答案：A解析：考查形容詞及語境理解。A.hurt受傷的；B.sad難受的；C.shy羞澀的；D.excited興奮的。從前面的句子notjustcloseyourearsinanger可知是感覺受了損害。故選A。14．A.wordsB．mouthsC．eyesD．ears答案：D解析：考查名詞及語境理解。A.words單詞；B.mouths嘴；C.eyes眼睛；D.ears耳朵。從后面的句子Hearthetruth可知此處指的是不要捂住耳朵。故選D。15．A.returnedB．goneC．a(chǎn)ppearedD．happened答案：A解析：考查動詞及語境理解。A.returned歸還，回來；B.gone走；C.appeared出現(xiàn)；D.happened發(fā)生。在一些重要的時刻，我總是會想起爸爸的建議。故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀理解Oneday,gardenersmightnotjusthearthebuzzofbeesamongtheirflowers,butthewhirrofrobots,too.Scientistshavemanagedtoturnanunassumingdrone(無人機(jī))intoaremote-controlledpollinator(授粉媒介)byattachinghorsehairscoatedwithaspecial,stickygeltoitsunderbelly.Animalpollinatorsareneededforthereproductionof90%offloweringplantsandonethirdofhumanfoodcrops.Chiefamongthosearebees—butmanybeepopulationsintheUnitedStateshavebeeninsteepdeclineinrecentdecades.Thus,thedeclineofbeesisn'tjustworrisomebecauseitcoulddisruptecosystems,butalsobecauseitcoulddisruptagricultureandeconomy.Peoplehavebeentryingtocomeupwithreplacementtechniques,butnoneofthemareespeciallyeffectiveyet.Scientistshavethoughtaboutusingdrones,buttheyhaven'tfiguredouthowtomakefree-flyingrobotinsectsthatcanrelyontheirownpowersourcewithoutbeingattachedtoawire.“It'sverytoughwork，”saidseniorauthorEijiroMiyako,achemistattheNationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScienceandTechnology.Hisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe'dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckinastoragecabinet.Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.“Iwassosurprisedbecauseitstillhadhighviscosity，”Miyakosaid.Thechemistnoticedthatwhendropped,thegelabsorbedanimpressiveamountofdustfromthefloor.Miyakorealizedthismaterialcouldbeveryusefulforpickinguppollen(花粉).Heandhiscolleagueschoseadroneandattachedhorsehairstoitssmoothsurfacetomimicabee'sfuzzybody.Theycoatedthosehorsehairsinthegel,andthencontrolledthedronesoverlilies,wheretheywouldpickupthepollenfromoneflowerandthendepositthepollenatanotherone,thusfertilizingit.Thescientistslookedatthehairsunderascanningelectronmicroscopeandcountedupthepollengrainsattachedtothesurfaceandfoundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelhadabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.Miyakodoesnotthinksuchdroneswouldreplacebeesaltogether,butcouldsimplyhelpbeeswiththeirpollinatingduties.There'salotofworktobedonebeforethat'sareality,however.Smalldroneswillneedtobecomemorecontrollableandenergyefficient,aswellassmarter,withbetterGPSandartificialintelligence.這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明白蜜蜂數(shù)量的削減令人擔(dān)憂，因為這可能破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，也可能破壞農(nóng)業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)。人們始終在試圖想出替代技術(shù)，科學(xué)家們通過在無人機(jī)的下腹部貼上包有一層特別的黏性凝膠的馬毛，勝利地將一種無人機(jī)變成了一種遙控傳粉器。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viscosity”inPara.3probablymean?A．Hardness. B．Stickiness.C．Flexibility. D．Purity.答案：B解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中“Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，十年后被重新發(fā)覺時，凝膠根本沒有干枯或降解。因此Miyako驚異的是它仍舊具有很高的黏性。結(jié)合選項，故選B。2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．beesdisruptbothagricultureandeconomyB．scientistshaveinventedself-poweredrobotinsectsC．beesintheUnitedStatesareontheedgeofextinctionD．Miyakofoundthespecialfeatureofthegelbychance答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Hisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe'dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckinastoragecabinet.Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，Miyako是偶然間發(fā)覺凝膠這種特別特性的。故選D。3．Adroneworksbestinpickinguppollenwhen________.A．itsbodyismadelikeabee'sB．itsGPSworksmoreefficientlyC．someflowersarecoatedwiththegelD．horsehairswiththegelareattachedtoit答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“foundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelhadabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.”可知，科學(xué)家們在掃描電子顯微鏡下視察了這些毛發(fā)，并對附著在表面的花粉粒進(jìn)行了計數(shù)，發(fā)覺帶有涂著凝膠的馬毛的無人機(jī)的花粉量是不帶凝膠的無人機(jī)的10倍。結(jié)合選項，故選D。4．AccordingtoEijiroMiyako,thedrones________.A．a(chǎn)renotyetreadyforpracticaluseB．mayeventuallyreplacebeesinthefutureC．a(chǎn)remuchmoreefficientthanbeepollinatorsD．canprovideasolutiontoeconomicdepression答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“There'salotofworktobedonebeforethat'sareality”可知，在投入運(yùn)用之前，還有許多工作須要做。故可知，這種無人機(jī)還未投入運(yùn)用。結(jié)合選項，故選A。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Ayoungmanhadboughtanoldhousethatwasinbadshape,butheandhiswifebelievedtheycouldrestoreit.Theyimmediatelywenttowork.TheirgoalwastohavetheoldbuildinglookbestfortheChristmasEveget-together.JusttwodaysbeforeChristmas,however,astormsweptthroughthearea,leavingaholeinthewallofthehouse.TherewasobviouslynotimetorepairthedamagebeforeChristmas.Thesadcoupleattendedlocalauction(拍賣)thatafternoon.Oneoftheitemsputupforbids(競標(biāo))wasanoldgold-and-ivory-coloredtablecloth.Seizedbyaninspiration,theyoungmanwasthehighestbidderat$6.50.Hisideawastohangtheclothtocovertheraggedhole.OnthedaybeforeChristmas,itwassnowy.Astheyoungmanunlockedthehousedoor,henoticedanoldwomanstandingatthebusstop.Heknewthebuswouldn’tbetherewithinatleasthalfanhour,soheinvitedherinsidetokeepwarm.Whenthewomanwalkedinandsawthetablecloth,sherushedatitandsaidexcitedly,“It’smine.Itismytablecloth.”Shetoldthesurprisedmanitshistoryandevenshowedhimhernameinonecornerofthetablecloth.SheandherhusbandhadoncelivedinVienna,WhentheChristmasEvecame,themaninvitedhisfriendstocometohishousetoenjoythedinnertogether.InthecandlelightoftheChristmasEve,thetableclothlookedevenmorebeautiful.Astheman’sfriendsleftthehouse,they