人教版九年級全一冊英語語法精講賓語從句

語法精講——賓語從句特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句知識點01連接詞的含義及功能【語法詳解】當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，疑問詞就是賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。連接代詞who,whom，whose,which，what和連接副詞where,how,why,when可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中做一定成分。詞類詞匯中文含義在句中的功能連接代詞who誰（主格）除在句中起連接作用外，還在賓語從句中做主語、賓語、定語或表語。whom誰（賓格）whose誰的（所有格）what什么which哪個連接副詞when什么時候除在句中起連接作用外，還在賓語從句中做狀語，不能省略。where什么地方；哪里how怎樣；如何why為什么，...的原因Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon?（who在賓語從句中做主語）Sheaskedwhosehairbandthatwas.（whose在賓語從句中做定語)Iwanttoknowwhentheplanewilltakeoff.（when在賓語從句中做狀語）Didyouhearwhatshesaid?（what在賓語從句中做賓語）Pleaseexplainwhyyouwerelateforclassagain.（why在賓語從句中做狀語)【注意】how與某些形容詞或副詞構(gòu)成的詞組也可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句，主要有howold,howmany,howmuch,howlong,howoften,howfar等。Hedidn'ttellmehowlonghewouldstaythere.知識點02常跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動詞【語法詳解】可跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的（短語）動詞有：say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,remember,choose,findout等。Wehaven'tdecidedwhereweshouldgofortheholiday.Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？Iwanttoknowwhosebookthisis.知識點03語序的變化【語法詳解】在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即“主句十引導(dǎo)詞十賓語從句（主語+謂語+其他）”。因此，當(dāng)特殊疑問句做賓語從句時，一定要注意語序。“Whenwillwestart?”Iwonder.→Iwonderwhenwewillstart.Whenwillthesportsmeetingbegin?→Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？當(dāng)疑問代詞what/who在特殊疑問句中做主語時,該特殊疑問句本身即是陳述語序，所以轉(zhuǎn)變成賓語從句后無需再調(diào)整語序。"Whowateredtheflower?”theteacherwonders.→Theteacherwonderswhowateredtheflower.知識點04賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞十動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)【語法詳解】如果從句的主語與主句的主語或主句的賓語一致，則由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。I'mnotsurewhenIcanturnoffthelight.=I'mnotsurewhentoturnoffthelight.Shedoesn’tknowwhereshecanparkhercar.=Shedoesn’tknowwheretoparkhercar.知識點05特殊的連接詞if和whether【語法詳解】陳述句用that(可省略），特殊疑問句用疑問詞，一般疑問句用if或whether,表是否1、賓語從句如果是陳述句，用that連接,無意義，可省略，但是作為主語不能省略。Hesaid

thathecouldhelpme.他說他能夠幫助我。（that可以省略）Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.他說他會準(zhǔn)時來的。（that可以省略）Shesaysthatisausefulbook她說那是一本有用的書（that連詞同時作主語，不能省略）2、賓語從句是一般疑問句，要用if和whether連接，if常用于口語，whether常用語書面語，一般情況下可以互換Iwonderif/whetheritwillraintomorrow我想知道明天是否會下雨Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.請讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。Yourmotheraskedif/whetheryoucouldfinishyourworkthisweek.你媽媽問這個星期你能否完成工作。注意：以下情況一般只用whether不用if。1)后接帶to的動詞不定式，只能用whether。Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothezoo.她不知道是不是去動物園。2)與ornot連用時,只能用whether。I’mnotsurewhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否準(zhǔn)時來，我說不準(zhǔn)。3)所引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞的賓語時，只能用whether。Everythingdependsonwhetheryouworkhard一切取決于你是否努力4）當(dāng)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句位于句首，表示強調(diào)時，只能用whether。Whetherhewillsucceed,Iamnotsure.他是否能成功，我不確定知識點06時態(tài)【語法詳解】主現(xiàn)從隨便，主過從必過，客觀事實永一現(xiàn)(1)如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句根據(jù)實際情況用各種時態(tài)。Myteachersayshewillbebackinaweek.（一般將來時）我的老師說他將在一個星期后回來。MyteachersaysheiswatchingTV.（現(xiàn)在進行時）我的老師說他正在看電視。Myteachersayshehasseenthemovie.（現(xiàn)在完成時）我的老師說他已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。(2）如果主句是一般過去時，賓語從句用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.（過去進行時）我爸爸說在那個時候他在看電視。Myfathersaidthehehadalreadyseenthemovie.（過去完成時）我爸爸說他已經(jīng)看過那部電影了。注意：如果賓語從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時，用一般現(xiàn)在時。Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般現(xiàn)在時）我們的老師告訴我們太陽比地球大多了?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2022·云南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Yourstampsaresofantastic.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Oh,Iboughttheminthepostofficenexttothebank.A．whydidyoubuythem B．wheredidyoubuythemC．whyyouboughtthem D．whereyouboughtthem2．（2022·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Couldyoutellme________?—It’sabout6,300kilometreslong.A．howwideistheChangjiangRiver B．howwidetheChangjiangRiverisC．howlongistheChangjiangRiver D．howlongtheChangjiangRiveris3．（2022·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Doyouknow_________thenewnationalpark?—Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.A．whydidChinasetup B．whyChinasetupC．whendidChinasetup D．whenChinasetup4．（2021·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—NextThursdaymorning.A．whenwevisitedtheCapitalMuseum B．whendidwevisittheCapitalMuseumC．whenwewillvisittheCapitalMuseum D．whenwillwevisittheCapitalMuseum5．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canyoutellme________?—Yes,inthelanguagecenter.A．wherewillthespeechcompetitionbeheld B．wherethespeechcompetitionwillbeheldC．whenwillthespeechcompetitionbeheld D．whenthespeechcompetitionwillbeheld6．Ourmonitorhasjustgonetothegym,butIdon’tknow________hewillcomeback.A．howfast B．howfar C．howlong D．howsoon7．（2022·云南昆明·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Couldyoupleasetellme________whentheymeetforthefirsttimeinChina?—Theyusuallyshakehands.A．whatdopeopleusuallydo B．whatpeopleusuallydoC．wheredopeopleusuallygo D．wherepeopleusuallygo8．（2022·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Canyoutellme________?—Togetpracticalskills.A．whatdoyoulearnaboutsafety B．whendoyouhavetheartfestivalC．howyoubalanceyourstudiesandhobbies D．whyyoulearncookingatschool9．（2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Jenny,doyouknow________?—Er,nextTuesday.A．whenthesportsmeetingwilltakeplace B．whenwillthesportsmeeting