2024年江蘇省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語(yǔ)押題模擬卷（一）（全解全析）

2024年江蘇省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語(yǔ)押題模擬卷（一）第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分）1．The______dealerwantedtomakeaprofitfromsellingtheancientvasetothemuseum.A．grocery B．a(chǎn)ntique C．welfare D．fashion【答案】B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：古董商想把這個(gè)古花瓶賣給博物館來(lái)賺錢。A.grocery食品雜貨店；B.antique古董；C.welfare福利；D.fashion時(shí)尚。根據(jù)后文“sellingtheancientvase”可知是古董商。故選B。2．Agreathallhasbeen_________inordertoeasetheproblemofdiningcongestion(擁堵)inourschool.A．putup B．takenup C．setup D．lookedup【答案】C【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了緩解我們學(xué)校用餐擁擠的問(wèn)題，已經(jīng)建了一個(gè)大廳。A.putup張貼；B.takenup占據(jù)；C.setup建立；D.lookedup查找。根據(jù)空前Agreathall可知，此處一個(gè)新的大廳被建立。故選C。3．Arecentstudyfoundthatthenumberofsmartphoneusers_____sharplysofar.A．hasincreased B．haveincreasedC．isincreasing D．a(chǎn)reincreasing【答案】A【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到目前為止，智能手機(jī)用戶的數(shù)量急劇增加。根據(jù)sofar可知，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；thenumberof意為“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選A。4．Moretrees__________onbothsidesoftheroadinourcitythiscomingwinterholidays.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．wereplantedC．willbeplanted D．havebeenplanted【答案】C【詳解】考查一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在即將到來(lái)的寒假里，更多的樹木將會(huì)被種植在我們城市的道路兩旁。根據(jù)句中“thiscomingwinterholidays”可知，此處種植樹木是將來(lái)要發(fā)生的事情，且trees與plant之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為willbedone。故選C。5．Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostof__________recovered.A．which B．who C．whom D．whose【答案】C【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：后來(lái)，該藥物在瘧疾患者身上進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，大部分都康復(fù)了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞patients在從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，指人，用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)。故選C。6．Alltherestaurantsarelistedonthepaper____________youcanchooseonetohaveluncheasily.A．a(chǎn)lthough B．because C．sothat D．if【答案】C【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：所有的餐館都列在紙上，這樣你就可以很容易地選擇一個(gè)吃午飯。A.although雖然；B.because因?yàn)椋籆.sothat以便于；D.if如果。由“Alltherestaurantsarelistedonthepaper”和“youcanchooseonetohaveluncheasily”可知，句子表示“所有的餐館都列在紙上，這樣你就可以很容易地選擇一個(gè)吃午飯”，空格處意為“以便于”，用sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，故選C。7．Linguistsandeditorsarenowatworkonanewdictionary______nextyear.A．topublish B．beingpublished C．published D．tobepublished【答案】D【詳解】考查不定式和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：語(yǔ)言學(xué)家和編輯們正在編撰一部新詞典，將于明年出版。句中謂語(yǔ)是are，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由nextyear可知，空格處用不定式表將來(lái)，dictionary和publish之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此空格處用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此空格處是tobepublished。故選D。8．_______fromherfriendsandherbelovedicehockeyteam,Cathystartedtofeellonelyandhelpless.A．Separating B．Separated C．Beingseparated D．Hadseparated【答案】B【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：與朋友和心愛的冰球隊(duì)分離，凱茜開始感到孤獨(dú)和無(wú)助?！皊eparatefromherfriendsandherbelovedicehockeyteam”在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，separate是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)Cathy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞separated表被動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。9．Thesunshinesbrightlyintheskyuslightandheat.A．thatgive B．havinggiven C．togive D．giving【答案】D【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：太陽(yáng)在天空中明亮地照耀著，給我們光和熱。主語(yǔ)為thesun與動(dòng)詞之間為主謂關(guān)系，因此需要用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選D。10．—I’mreallynervousaboutthecomingcompetition.—.I’msureyoucandoitwell.A．Iagreewithyou B．Goodidea C．Takeiteasy【答案】C【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我對(duì)即將到來(lái)的比賽感到很緊張?！?jiǎng)e緊張。我相信你能做好的。A.Iagreewithyou我同意；B.Goodidea好主意；C.Takeiteasy別緊張。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前者提到對(duì)將要到來(lái)的比賽有些緊張，所以此處應(yīng)使用“takeiteasy”對(duì)前者表示安慰。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenJudy,Susan’sdaughter,tookherfirststepsinlife,Susanwasintears.Thediseasethathaddeveloped11leftherblind,andJudy’s12oftheworldaroundhercouldbeheldbackbySusan’sshortageofconfidenceinhermobility.“Ievenfeltunsafetodosomethingas13astakehertothepark,”Susansaid.“Ihavethecouragetogetacrossstreetsalonebutthethoughtofdoingitwithmybabywas14tome.”SoSusandecidedto15aguidedog.“IexpectedbyhavingaguidedogI’dfeelsafeto16thestreetstotakeJudytothepark.Ihadnoideathathavingaguidedogwould17metodosomuchmoreandhowitwould18mylife.”Susan’sfirstguidedog,Hero,1917-month-oldJudy’ssafetyasherjob,thoughSusanknewHero’sonlyjobwastosafely20her.“SometimesJudywouldwalkbesidemeandwhenwe21Herowouldlaidherselfacrossmybodyto22Judybetweenus.”WithHeroather23,SusantookJudytothepark,restaurantsandstores.“HavingHeromademe24totakeJudyout,sobeingabletodothesethingsgavemeasenseof25thatIdidn’tthinkI’dhaveagain.”Susanadvisedotherblindpeoplepreparingforparenthoodtohugthechancesthathavingaguidedogcan26.“Havingadogteacheschildrentorespectand27animals.Therewas28thatIcouldn’tdowithmydaughter29Hero.Theconnectionbetweenuswassodeepandsostrongthatwordscan’t30whatthedogmeanttome.”11．A．formally B．smoothly C．a(chǎn)ctually D．quickly12．A．exploration B．challenge C．comfort D．responsibility13．A．obvious B．odd C．simple D．special14．A．terrifying B．exciting C．confusing D．a(chǎn)nnoying15．A．help B．train C．get D．search16．A．cross B．watch C．clean D．choose17．A．warn B．remind C．a(chǎn)llow D．intend18．A．change B．save C．enrich D．damage19．A．goton B．tookon C．turnedon D．carriedon20．A．consider B．manage C．control D．lead21．A．ran B．drove C．stopped D．slept22．A．protect B．greet C．observe D．ignore23．A．home B．side C．feet D．end24．A．negative B．a(chǎn)ttracted C．confident D．stressed25．A．honor B．humour C．balance D．independence26．A．leave B．create C．a(chǎn)dmire D．hold27．A．leavealone B．giveaway C．lookinto D．carefor28．A．nothing B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．everything29．A．ratherthan B．thanksto C．a(chǎn)partfrom D．insteadof30．A．recognize B．record C．describe D．settle【答案】11．D12．A13．C14．A15．C16．A17．C18．A19．B20．D21．C22．A23．B24．C25．D26．B27．D28．A29．B30．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了失明的母親在導(dǎo)盲犬的幫助下，重拾勇氣，改變生活的故事。11．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這種疾病發(fā)展得很快，導(dǎo)致她失明了，蘇珊對(duì)自己的行動(dòng)能力缺乏信心，這可能會(huì)阻礙她對(duì)周圍世界的探索。A.formally正式地；B.smoothly平穩(wěn)地；C.actually事實(shí)上；D.quickly快速地。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eftherblind(導(dǎo)致她失明)”可知，這種疾病發(fā)展得很快，故選D項(xiàng)。12．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種疾病發(fā)展得很快，導(dǎo)致她失明了，蘇珊對(duì)自己的行動(dòng)能力缺乏信心，這可能會(huì)阻礙朱迪對(duì)周圍世界的探索。A.exploration探索；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.comfort寬慰；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)下文“Ievenfeltunsafetodosomethingasastakehertothepark(我甚至覺(jué)得帶她去公園這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情不安全)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是蘇珊對(duì)自己行動(dòng)能力缺乏信心，阻礙了朱迪對(duì)周圍世界的探索，故選A項(xiàng)。13．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇珊說(shuō)：“我甚至覺(jué)得帶她去公園這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情不安全?！薄.obvious明顯的；B.odd古怪的；C.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；D.special特殊的。根據(jù)文中的“takehertothepark(帶她去公園)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情，故選C項(xiàng)。14．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有勇氣獨(dú)自穿過(guò)街道，但一想到要和我的孩子一起穿過(guò)街道，我就很害怕。A.terrifying可怕的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.annoying令人煩惱的。根據(jù)上文“Ievenfeltunsafetodosomethingasastakehertothepark(我甚至覺(jué)得帶她去公園這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情不安全)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是害怕帶她過(guò)馬路，故選A項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是蘇珊決定養(yǎng)一只導(dǎo)盲犬。A.help幫助；B.train訓(xùn)練；C.get得到；D.search尋找。根據(jù)下文的“IexpectedbyhavingaguidedogI’dfeelsafeto

_______thestreetstotakeJudytothepark.(我希望有了導(dǎo)盲犬，我就可以安全地穿過(guò)街道帶朱迪去公園了)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是要去得到一只導(dǎo)盲犬，故選C項(xiàng)。16．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望有了導(dǎo)盲犬，我就可以安全地穿過(guò)街道帶朱迪去公園了。A.cross橫過(guò)；B.watch觀看；C.clean打掃；D.choose選擇。根據(jù)下文的“Ihavethecouragetogetacrossstreetsalonebutthethoughtofdoingitwithmybabywas_______(我有勇氣獨(dú)自穿過(guò)街道，但一想到要和我的孩子一起穿過(guò)街道，我就很害怕)”已經(jīng)語(yǔ)境可知，這里說(shuō)的是之前蘇珊自己有勇氣獨(dú)自穿過(guò)街道，現(xiàn)在有了導(dǎo)盲犬，可以安全地帶朱迪穿過(guò)街道去公園，故選A項(xiàng)。17．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道有了導(dǎo)盲犬可以讓我做更多的事情，也不知道它會(huì)如何改變我的生活。A.warn警告；B.remind提醒；C.allow使可能；D.intend打算。根據(jù)下文“WithHeroather,SusantookJudytothepark,restaurantsandstores.(有Hero在她身旁，蘇珊帶著朱迪去了公園，餐館和商店)”可知，導(dǎo)盲犬使得蘇珊能夠做更多的事情，故選C項(xiàng)。18．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道有了導(dǎo)盲犬可以讓我做更多的事情，也不知道它會(huì)如何改變我的生活。A.change改變；B.save節(jié)省；C.enrich使豐富；D.damage損害。根據(jù)下文“HavingHeromademetotakeJudyout,sobeingabletodothesethingsgavemeasenseofthatIdidn’tthinkI’dhaveagain.(Hero讓我有信心把朱迪帶出去，所以能夠做這些事情給了我一種我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)再擁有的獨(dú)立感)”可知，導(dǎo)盲犬給蘇珊的生活帶來(lái)了改變，故選A項(xiàng)。19．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：蘇珊的第一只導(dǎo)盲犬Hero負(fù)責(zé)照顧17個(gè)月大的朱迪的安全，盡管蘇珊知道Hero唯一的工作就是安全地為她領(lǐng)路。A.goton上車；B.tookon承擔(dān)；C.turnedon打開；D.carriedon繼續(xù)。根據(jù)下文“17-month-oldJudy’ssafetyasherjob(照顧17個(gè)月大的朱迪的安全)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是承擔(dān)起這項(xiàng)工作，故選B項(xiàng)。20．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇珊的第一只導(dǎo)盲犬Hero負(fù)責(zé)照顧17個(gè)月大的朱迪的安全，盡管蘇珊知道Hero唯一的工作就是安全地為她領(lǐng)路。A.consider考慮；B.manage管理；C.control控制；D.lead領(lǐng)路。根據(jù)上文“IexpectedbyhavingaguidedogI’dfeelsafetothestreetstotakeJudytothepark.(我希望有了導(dǎo)盲犬，我就可以安全地穿過(guò)街道帶朱迪去公園了)”可知，在蘇珊看來(lái)，導(dǎo)盲犬的唯一的工作就是安全地為她領(lǐng)路，故選D項(xiàng)。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候朱迪會(huì)走在我身邊，當(dāng)我們停下來(lái)時(shí)，Hero會(huì)趴在我們之間保護(hù)朱迪。A.ran跑；B.drove駕駛；C.stopped停止；D.slept睡覺(jué)。根據(jù)上文“Herowouldlaidherselfacrossmybodyto_______Judybetweenus.(Hero會(huì)趴在我們之間保護(hù)朱迪)”以及常識(shí)可知，當(dāng)作者和朱迪停下來(lái)時(shí)，Hero會(huì)趴在兩人之間保護(hù)朱迪，故選C項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候朱迪會(huì)走在我身邊，當(dāng)我們停下來(lái)時(shí)，Hero會(huì)趴在我們之間保護(hù)朱迪。A.protect保護(hù)；B.greet問(wèn)候；C.observe觀察；D.ignore忽視。根據(jù)上文“Susan’sfirstguidedog,Hero,17-month-oldJudy’ssafetyasherjob(蘇珊的第一只導(dǎo)盲犬Hero負(fù)責(zé)照顧17個(gè)月大的朱迪的安全)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是導(dǎo)盲犬會(huì)趴在兩人之間保護(hù)朱迪，故選A項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有Hero在身邊，蘇珊帶著朱迪去了公園、餐館和商店。A.home家；B.side近旁；C.feet腳；D.end結(jié)尾。根據(jù)上文“SometimesJudywouldwalkbesidemeandwhenweHerowouldlaidherselfacrossmybodytoJudybetweenus.(有時(shí)候朱迪會(huì)走在我身邊，當(dāng)我們停下來(lái)時(shí)，Hero會(huì)趴在我們之間保護(hù)朱迪)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是有Hero在身邊，蘇珊可以帶著朱迪出去了，故選B項(xiàng)。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我有信心把朱迪帶出去，所以能夠做這些事情給了我一種我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)再擁有的獨(dú)立感。A.negative消極的；B.attracted被吸引的；C.confident自信的；D.stressed有壓力的。根據(jù)上文“WithHeroather,SusantookJudytothepark,restaurantsandstores.(在Hero的陪伴下，蘇珊帶著朱迪去了公園、餐館和商店)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是作者從最初的害怕帶朱迪出去，到現(xiàn)在有信心帶她出去了，故選C項(xiàng)。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Hero讓我有信心把朱迪帶出去，所以能夠做這些事情給了我一種我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)再擁有的獨(dú)立感。A.honor榮譽(yù)；B.humour幽默；C.balance平衡；D.independence獨(dú)立。根據(jù)上文“beingabletodothesethings(能夠做這些事情)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是能夠獨(dú)自帶朱迪出去，讓作者有一種獨(dú)立感，故選D項(xiàng)。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：蘇珊建議其他準(zhǔn)備為人父母的盲人抓住導(dǎo)盲犬帶來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)。A.leave離開；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.admire欽佩；D.hold舉辦。根據(jù)上文“HavingHeromademetotakeJudyout,sobeingabletodothesethingsgavemeasenseof___thatIdidn’tthinkI’dhaveagain.(Hero讓我有信心把朱迪帶出去，所以能夠做這些事情給了我一種我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)再擁有的獨(dú)立感)”可知，蘇珊從中受益，所以會(huì)建議其他的盲人父母，抓住導(dǎo)盲犬創(chuàng)造的機(jī)會(huì)，故選B項(xiàng)。27．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：養(yǎng)狗教會(huì)孩子們尊重和照顧動(dòng)物。A.leavealone不打擾；B.giveaway贈(zèng)送；C.lookinto調(diào)查；D.carefor照顧。根據(jù)上文的“havingadog(養(yǎng)狗)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是尊重和照顧動(dòng)物，故選D項(xiàng)。28．考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了Hero，我和女兒沒(méi)有什么不能做的。A.nothing沒(méi)有什么；B.something某事；C.anything任何事情；D.everything所有事物。根據(jù)上文“Ihadnoideathathavingaguidedogwouldmetodosomuchmore(我不知道擁有一只導(dǎo)盲犬可以讓我做那么多的事情)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是在導(dǎo)盲犬的幫助下沒(méi)有什么是作者和女兒不能做的，故選A項(xiàng)。29．考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：多虧了Hero，我和女兒沒(méi)有什么不能做的。A.ratherthan而不是；B.thanksto幸虧，由于；C.apartfrom除了；D.insteadof代替。根據(jù)上文“TherewasthatIcouldn’tdowithmydaughter(我和女兒沒(méi)有什么不能做的)”可知，作者能做很多事都是多虧了有導(dǎo)盲犬Hero，故選B項(xiàng)。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們之間的聯(lián)系是如此深刻和牢固，以至于言語(yǔ)無(wú)法形容狗對(duì)我意味著什么。A.recognize認(rèn)出；B.record記錄；C.describe描述；D.settle定居。根據(jù)上文中的“words(語(yǔ)言)”可知，這里說(shuō)的是言語(yǔ)難以描述，故選C項(xiàng)。第二部分：閱讀理解(共15題每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt'sschooltimeagain!You'reprobablyfeelingexcitedandmaybealittlesadthatsummerisover.Somekidsfeelnervousoralittlescared(害怕的)onthefirstdayofschoolbecauseofallthenewthings:newteachers,newfriends,andevenanewschool.Luckily,these“new”worriesonlystayforalittlewhile.Let'sfindoutmoreaboutgoingtoanewschool.Mostteacherskickoffthenewschoolyearbyintroducingthemselvesandtalkingaboutallthethingsyou'llbedoingthatyear.Someteachersgivestudentsachancetotellsomethingaboutthemselvestotherestoftheclass,too.Whenteachersdothetalkingonthefirstday,theyoftengooverclassroomrulesandschoolrulessoyou'llknowwhat'sallowedandwhat'snot.Pleasepaycloseattention.Youmightalreadyknowalotofpeopleinyourclassonthefirstday,butit'sagreatdaytomakenewfriends,sotrytosayhellotokidsyouknowandthenewonesthatyoudon't.Makethefirstmoveandyou'llbegladyoudid,andsowillyournewfriends!Seeingoldfriendscanmakethefirstdayanexcitingone.Youcanmakethedayspecialbywearingclothesthatyoureallylike.MaybeyougotagreatT-shirtononeofyourvacations,orapairofshoes.Italsocanmakeyoufeelgoodtobepreparedandhaveallthethingsyouneed,suchaspencils,folders,andwhateverelseyou'llbeneeding.Butmakesurethatyoupack(打包)themthenightbeforeincaseyoudon'thavetimeinthemorning.31．Whatdoesthetheunderlinedphrase“kickoff”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Discuss. B．Experience. C．Explain. D．Start.32．Howdoyouprobablyfeelifyouhappentoseeanoldfriendonthefirstdayofschool?A．Nervous. B．Lucky. C．Happy. D．Upset.33．Whatdoyouusuallydoonthefirstdayofschoolaccordingtothetext?A．Learnaboutschoolrules. B．Visityourformerteachers.C．Packyournewclothesup. D．Gooveryournewlessons.34．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Whattoknowaboutanewschool.B．Howtoprepareforanewschool.C．Whattodoonyourfirstdayofschool.D．Howtomakefriendsonyourfirstdayofschool.【答案】31．D32．C33．A34．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在新學(xué)期的第一天我們可能遇見的事情，以及我們可以為新學(xué)期做的準(zhǔn)備。31．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostteacherskickoffthenewschoolyearbyintroducingthemselvesandtalkingaboutallthethingsyou'llbedoingthatyear.(大多數(shù)老師會(huì)通過(guò)自我介紹，并談?wù)撃氵@一年要做的所有事情kickoff新學(xué)年。)”以及常識(shí)可知，大多數(shù)老師一般會(huì)用這樣的方式來(lái)開始新的學(xué)年，推測(cè)劃線短語(yǔ)表示“開始”，與start同義。故選D項(xiàng)。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Seeingoldfriendscanmakethefirstdayanexcitingone.(見到老朋友可以讓第一天變得激動(dòng)人心。)”可知，第一天碰巧見到老朋友，你可能會(huì)很快樂(lè)。故選C項(xiàng)。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解他。根據(jù)第二段“Someteachersgivestudentsachancetotellsomethingaboutthemselvestotherestoftheclass,too.Whenteachersdothetalkingonthefirstday,theyoftengooverclassroomrulesandschoolrulessoyou'llknowwhat'sallowedandwhat'snot.(一些老師也給學(xué)生一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們向全班同學(xué)介紹自己。當(dāng)老師在第一天做演講時(shí)，他們通常會(huì)復(fù)習(xí)課堂規(guī)則和學(xué)校規(guī)則，這樣你就知道什么是允許的，什么是不允許的。)”以及第三段”Youmightalreadyknowalotofpeopleinyourclassonthefirstday,butit'sagreatdaytomakenewfriends(第一天你可能已經(jīng)在班里認(rèn)識(shí)了很多同學(xué)，但今天是結(jié)交新朋友的好日子)”可知，開學(xué)第一天學(xué)生可能會(huì)自我介紹、學(xué)習(xí)校規(guī)、結(jié)交新朋友，故選A項(xiàng)。34．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Seeingoldfriendscanmakethefirstdayanexcitingone.Youcanmakethedayspecialbywearingclothesthatyoureallylike.MaybeyougotagreatT-shirtononeofyourvacations,orapairofshoes.Italsocanmakeyoufeelgoodtobepreparedandhaveallthethingsyouneed,suchaspencils,folders,andwhateverelseyou'llbeneeding.Butmakesurethatyoupack(打包)themthenightbeforeincaseyoudon'thavetimeinthemorning.(見到老朋友可以讓第一天變得激動(dòng)人心。你可以穿上你真正喜歡的衣服，讓這一天變得特別。也許你在度假時(shí)得到了一件很棒的T恤，或者一雙鞋子。它還能讓你感覺(jué)很好，準(zhǔn)備好你需要的所有東西，比如鉛筆、文件夾和其他你需要的東西。)”可知，最后一段介紹了在學(xué)期開始前要做的幾方面的準(zhǔn)備，即主要介紹了如何為新學(xué)校做準(zhǔn)備，故選B項(xiàng)。BFourbeautifultripscombiningbikesandtrainsOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.DanubeCyclePathItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.ThepathismostpopularinAustriafeaturing245scenicmilesservicedbylocalandlong-distancetrains.Mostcyclistschoosetoridefromwesttocastwiththeflowoftheriver,totakeadvantageofthenaturalslope(斜坡)ofbicycletraffic.LehighGorgeRailTrailThetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.AhistorictouristrailwaycalledtheLehighGorgeScenicRailwayfollowsthetrail,allowingcycliststocreateaone-wayrideratherthanbacktracking.TherailtrailismostlyflatandpassesthroughLehighGorgeStatePark.Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.CinderTrackTheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.Thetrainjourneyisnotadirectpathwaybetweenthetwotowns—infact,thetracksoftheoriginaldirectpathwaywereremovedtocreatethetrail.Thetrail,meanwhile,hugstheYorkshirecoast,withviewsofseasidebluffs(峭壁),fishingvillages,etc.35．WhatisspecialabouttheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail?A．Itoffersachancetovisitmuseums.B．Itgoespastmanycitiesandvillages.C．ItsharesmostofitstrailwithCVSR.D．Itprovidescyclistswithaviewofthesea.36．What’sthedisadvantageoftheLehighGorgeRailTrailforcyclists?A．Thenumeroussharpslope. B．Theextremelyroughpath.C．Theconnectionwitharailway. D．Thetimelimitofbikeservice.37．Whichofthefollowingcoversthelongestdistance?A．TheCinderTrack.B．TheDanubeCyclePath.C．TheLehighGorgeRailTrail.D．TheOhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail.【答案】35．A36．D37．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了四次結(jié)合自行車和火車的美麗旅行。35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)下的段落中“TheCuyahogaValleyScenicRailroad(CVSR)stretchesoutseparatelyalongthetrailfromAkrontoThornburgStation,a31-milestretchthatpassesthroughCuyahogaValleyNationalPark.

ThetrailhugstheoutlineoftheoriginalOhioandErieCanal.

Today,thetrailpassesmanylandmarks,includingbridges,museums,andvillages.(凱霍加谷風(fēng)景鐵路(CVSR)沿著從阿克倫到索恩伯格站的小路分開延伸，全長(zhǎng)31英里，穿過(guò)凱霍加谷國(guó)家公園。這條小徑環(huán)繞著原來(lái)的俄亥俄和伊利運(yùn)河的輪廓。今天，這條路經(jīng)過(guò)許多地標(biāo)，包括橋梁、博物館和村莊)”可知，OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail的特別之處是提供了參觀博物館的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Whilethetrainoperatesmostdays,thebikeserviceisonlyofferedoneweekendamonthfromMaytoNovember.(雖然火車大部分時(shí)間運(yùn)行，但從5月到11月，每月只有一個(gè)周末提供自行車服務(wù))”可知，LehighGorgeRailTrail的缺點(diǎn)是自行車服務(wù)的時(shí)間是受限制的。故選D項(xiàng)。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題OhioandErieCanalTowpathTrail(小徑)下的段落中“Thetrailisan87-milepathwayfromClevelandtoBolivarinNortheastOhio.(這條小徑全長(zhǎng)87英里，從克利夫蘭到俄亥俄州東北部的玻利瓦爾)”；根據(jù)小標(biāo)題DanubeCyclePath下的段落中“ItisapaththatfollowstheDanubeRiverforabout745miles,fromDonaueschingen,GermannytoBudapest,Hungary.(這條路沿著多瑙河蜿蜒745英里，從德國(guó)的多瑙埃辛根(Donaueschingen)一直延伸到匈牙利的布達(dá)佩斯)”；根據(jù)小標(biāo)題LehighGorgeRailTrail下的段落中“Thetailextendsfor25milesthroughwoodlandsnexttotheLehighRive.(尾巴延伸25英里，穿過(guò)利哈伊河旁的林地)”以及根據(jù)小標(biāo)題CinderTrack下的段落中“TheCinderTrackisa21-milebroken-stonepathwayalongthecoastofYorkshire,England:ThetownsofScarboroughandWhitby,wherethetrailbeginsandends,bothhavetrainstationsnearthetrail.(“煤渣軌道”是一條21英里長(zhǎng)的碎石小道，位于英格蘭約克郡海岸。這條小道的起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)是斯卡伯勒鎮(zhèn)(Scarborough)和惠特比鎮(zhèn)(Whitby)，附近都有火車站)”可知，四條路線中TheDanubeCyclePath.是路線最長(zhǎng)的。故選B項(xiàng)。C“Ifeellonelyandhopeless,”saidLisa,abrightteenagerfromalovinghome.“Itseemsthatnobodywantstobecomemyfriend.What’swrongwithme?”LikeLisa,manyofusexperienceloneliness.Thetruthisthatallpeople,nomatterwhattheirageorcharacter-eventhemostoutgoing,wealthyandpopular-experiencelonelinessatleastsometimes.It’shealthyandnaturaltowanttobearoundpeoplewhocare.Afterall,we’veallheard“Nomanisanisland.”That’strue.Weallneedothersinourlives.Solomon,thewisestmanwhoeverlived,explainsthatifwewantfriends,wemustbefriendlyandreachouttoothers.Butithasrisk.Becauseweareoftenafraidofrejection,manyofusareunwillingtoreachouttoothers.Wetakeasaferwayandwaitforotherstomakefriendswithus.Butifwewantfriends,we’vegottogetbeyondthis.Ifmakingfriendsisyourgoalaswell,youneedtoconsidertakingsomemeasures.Bewillingtotaketheinitiative(主動(dòng)).Ifyouseesomeonewhomyouwouldliketoknow,don’twaitforhertomakethefirstmove.Getclosetoherandbeginaconversation.Letherknowinanon-aggressive(無(wú)攻擊性的)waythatyouareinterestedinbeingfriendswithher.Reachouttothosewhoarelonely.Whenyouseesomeoneatschoolsittingalone,gooverandtalktoher.Anddon’tletpopularitydecidewhomyoureachoutto.You’lloftenbesurprisedatthebeautifulqualitiesbehindashyappearance.Askquestions.Startyourfirstconversationbyaskingthispossiblefriendwhatshelikestodooraskingaboutherfamily.Besuretoaskquestionsthatcannotberepliedwith“yes”or“no”.Forexample,don’task“Doyouhaveadog?”Instead,say“So,tellmeaboutyourpets.”Avoidingasking“yes”or“no”questionsmakesyourpossiblefriendnotendyourcommunicationwithaone-wordanswer.38．WhydoestheauthorbeginthetextwithLisa’sworry?A．Tosetasadtone.B．ToshareLisa’spain.C．Toteachreadersalesson.D．Tointroducethetopic.39．Whatcanbeariskcausedbyreachingouttoothersaccordingtothepassage?A．Puttingourselvesindanger.B．Beingtreatedinarudeway.C．Beingrefusedbyothers.D．Losinginterestincommunicating.40．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph5?A．Popularpeopleareofteneasy-going.B．Justwaitingforchanceswillhelpyoumakefriends.C．Shypeoplearehardtotalkto.D．Asuitablewayisimportantinmakingfriends.41．Whydoestheauthorsuggestnotasking“yes”or“no”questions?A．Itisconsideredunfriendly.B．Itisn’tgoodforkeepingaconversationgoing.C．Itwillleaveabadfirstimpression.D．Itshowsthepoorqualityofthespeaker.【答案】38．D39．C40．D41．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要介紹了孤獨(dú)及交友的問(wèn)題。文章指出，每個(gè)人都會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)，而想要交朋友就需要主動(dòng)地去接觸他人，并且要關(guān)心他人的需求。文章還提到了一些交友的措施，如主動(dòng)接近感興趣的人，關(guān)心孤獨(dú)的人，以及避免問(wèn)“是”或“否”的問(wèn)題。38．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中““Ifeellonelyandhopeless,”saidLisa,abrightteenagerfromalovinghome.(“我感到孤獨(dú)和絕望，”麗莎說(shuō)，她是一個(gè)聰明的少女，來(lái)自一個(gè)充滿愛的家庭。)”以及第二段“LikeLisa,manyofusexperienceloneliness.Thetruthisthatallpeople,nomatterwhattheirageorcharacter-eventhemostoutgoing,wealthyandpopular-experiencelonelinessatleastsometimes.It’shealthyandnaturaltowanttobearoundpeoplewhocare.(像麗莎一樣，我們中的許多人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)孤獨(dú)。事實(shí)是，所有的人，無(wú)論他們的年齡或性格如何——即使是最外向、最富有和最受歡迎的人——至少有時(shí)也會(huì)經(jīng)歷孤獨(dú)。想和關(guān)心自己的人在一起是健康和自然的。)”可知，文章開篇通過(guò)提及麗莎的例子，是為了引出文章的主題即每個(gè)人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)孤獨(dú)，無(wú)論年齡或者性格。故選D。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Solomon,thewisestmanwhoeverlived,explainsthatifwewantfriends,wemustbefriendlyandreachouttoothers.Butithasrisk.Becauseweareoftenafraidofrejection,manyofusareunwillingtoreachouttoothers.(Solomon是有史以來(lái)最聰明的人，他解釋說(shuō)，如果我們想要朋友，我們必須友好地主動(dòng)聯(lián)系他人。但它也有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因?yàn)槲覀兘?jīng)常害怕被拒絕，我們中的許多人都不愿意與他人接觸。)”可知，主動(dòng)聯(lián)系他人，與他人結(jié)交的過(guò)程中是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的，該風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就是會(huì)被他人所拒絕。故選C。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Bewillingtotaketheinitiative(主動(dòng)).Ifyouseesomeonewhomyouwouldliketoknow,don’twaitforhertomakethefirstmove.Getclosetoherandbeginaconversation.Letherknowinanon-aggressive(無(wú)攻擊性的)waythatyouareinterestedinbeingfriendswithher.(愿意主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)。如果你看到一個(gè)你想認(rèn)識(shí)的人，不要等她先行動(dòng)?？拷_始一場(chǎng)對(duì)話。以一種非攻擊性的方式讓她知道你對(duì)與她成為朋友感興趣。)”可知，本段主要講述的是合適的交友方式很重要，即主動(dòng)采取行動(dòng)去認(rèn)識(shí)自己想認(rèn)識(shí)的人，不要被動(dòng)等待，而是主動(dòng)行動(dòng)，以無(wú)攻擊性的方式讓對(duì)方知道你對(duì)與她成為朋友是感興趣的。故選D。41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Avoidingasking“yes”or“no”questionsmakesyourpossiblefriendnotendyourcommunicationwithaone-wordanswer.(避免問(wèn)“是”或“否”的問(wèn)題可以讓你的潛在朋友不會(huì)以一個(gè)詞的答案結(jié)束你的交流。)”可知，避免提出一些“是”或“否”的問(wèn)題會(huì)有助于保持對(duì)話繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，而不是以簡(jiǎn)短的一個(gè)詞的回答結(jié)束你與對(duì)方的交流。故詢問(wèn)“是”或“否”的問(wèn)題不利于保持談話進(jìn)行。故選B。DToday,youcanbuyapairofsneakers(運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋)partiallymadefromcarbondioxidepulledoutoftheatmosphere.Butmeasuringthecarbon-reductionbenefitsofmakingthatpairofsneakerswithcarbondioxideiscomplex.There’sthecarbondioxidethatstayedintheground,adefinitecarbonreduction.Butwhatabouttheenergycostofcoolingthecarbondioxideintoliquidformandtransportingittoaproductionfacility?Andwhataboutwhenyourkidoutgrowstheshoesinsixmonthsandtheycan’tberecycledintoanewproductbecausethosesystemsaren’tinplaceyet?Researchersaretryingtohelpcompaniesfigureouthowtoaccountforeachstepinaproduct’slife.Ascompaniestrytoreducetheircarbonfootprint,manyaredoinglifecycleassessmentstomeasurethefullcarboncostofproducts,fromtheobtainingofmaterialstoenergyuseinmanufacturing,fromproducttransporttousers’behaviorandend-of-lifedisposal(處理).It’sanimpressivelycomplexmeasurement,butsuchbean-countingisneededtoholdtheplanettoalivabletemperature,sayslow-carbonsystemsexpertAndreaRamirezRamirezoftheDelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlands.Carbonusecanbereducedatmanypointsalongtheproductionchain—byusingrenewableenergyinthemanufacturingprocess,forinstance,orbyaddingatmosphericcarbondioxidetotheproduct.Butifotherpointsalongthechainliketransportingconsumemoreenergyorgiveoffmorecarbondioxide,Andreanotes,thefinalrecordmayshowadecreaseratherthanareduction.Aproductiscarbon-reductiononlywhenitsproductionactuallyremovescarbonfromtheenvironment,temporarilyorpermanently.Intherushtocreateproductsthatcanfightclimatechange,however,somecompanieshavebeenchargedwith“greenwashing”—makingproductsappearmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythantheyreallyare.Examplesincludelabeling(用標(biāo)簽表明)plasticgarbagebagsasrecyclablewhentheirwholepurposeistobethrownaway;usinglabelssuchas“eco-friendly”or“100%Natural”withoutofficialcertification;andclaimingabettercarbonfootprintwithoutacknowledgingtheexistenceofevenbetterchoices.42．Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A．Bylistingspecificfigures. B．Byputtingupquestions.C．Byreferringtodocuments. D．Byofferingsomesolutions.43．WhatdoesAndreathinkofmeasuringthecarboncostofproducts?A．Difficultbutmeaningful. B．Expensivebutpromising.C．Energy-savingandaffordable. D．Time-consumingandvalueless.44．Whatcanbedefinedasreducingcarbonuseintheproductionchain?A．Usingrenewableenergyinproduction.B．Changingcarbondioxideintomaterial.C．Reducingcarbonfootprintinproducts’life.D．Cuttingdowncarbondioxideintransporting.45．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．Companiesaresparingnoeffortstoreducecarbonuse.B．Plasticgarbagebagsmustbelabeledas“eco-friendly”.C．Mostproductsarelessenvironmentallyfriendlythanbefore.D．Thereisalongwaytocutsomecompanies’”greenwashing“.【答案】42．B43．A44．C45．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了怎樣才能真正做到減碳、減少碳足跡。42．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題“Butwhatabouttheenergycostofcoolingthecarbondioxideintoliquidformandtransportingittoaproductionfacility?Andwhataboutwhenyourkidoutgrowstheshoesinsixmonthsandtheycan’tberecycledintoanewproductbecausethosesystemsaren’tinplaceyet?（但是，將二氧化碳冷卻成液態(tài)并將其運(yùn)送到生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的能源成本如何呢?如果你的孩子在6個(gè)月后就穿不下了，而這些鞋子又不能被回收制成新產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)檫@些系統(tǒng)還沒(méi)有到位，那該怎么辦?）”可知，作者是通過(guò)提問(wèn)題來(lái)引入話題的。故選B項(xiàng)。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“It’sanimpressivelycomplexmeasurement,butsuchbean-countingisneededtoholdtheplanettoalivabletemperature,sayslow-carbonsystemsexpertAndreaRamirezRamirezoftheDelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlands.（荷蘭代爾夫特理工大學(xué)的低碳系統(tǒng)專家AndreaRamirez說(shuō)，這是一項(xiàng)令人印象深刻的復(fù)雜測(cè)量，但要將地球保持在適宜居住的溫度，需要這樣的計(jì)算。）”可知，Andrea認(rèn)為測(cè)量產(chǎn)品的碳成本是困難但有意義。故選A項(xiàng)。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的句子“Carbonusecanbereducedatmanypointsalongtheproductionchain—byusingrenewableenergyinthemanufacturingprocess,forinstance,orbyaddingatmosphericcarbondioxidetotheproduct.（碳的使用可以在生產(chǎn)鏈的許多環(huán)節(jié)上減少——例如，通過(guò)在制造過(guò)程中使用可再生能源，或者通過(guò)向產(chǎn)品中添加大氣中的二氧化碳。）”和“Aproductiscarbon-reductiononlywhenitsproductionactuallyremovescarbonfromtheenvironment,temporarilyorpermanently.（一種產(chǎn)品只有在其生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中暫時(shí)或永久地從環(huán)境中去除碳時(shí)，才算減碳。）”可知，減少產(chǎn)品中的碳足跡才可以被定義為減少生產(chǎn)鏈中的碳使用。故選C項(xiàng)。45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Intherushtocreateproductsthatcanfightclimatechange,however,somecompanieshavebeenchargedwith“greenwashing”—makingproductsa