重難點(diǎn)02冠詞-2023年中考英語專練（原卷版）

專項(xiàng)一詞匯重難點(diǎn)02冠詞 1.不定冠詞的用法用法典例不定冠詞有兩個(gè)，a和an。a用在輔音開頭的單詞前面；an用于以元音開頭的單詞前。abook,anapple。不定冠詞用在但數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”Thereisapolicemanatthedoor.門口有個(gè)警察。不定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示“任何，每個(gè)”。Acarmustbeinsured.汽車一定要上保險(xiǎn)。Asoldiermustobeyorders.軍人必須服從命令。不定冠詞用于頭一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞之前。Thereisaboxintheroom.Theboxisheavy.房間里有個(gè)箱子。這個(gè)箱子很重。不定冠詞和名詞連用作表語或同位語，主要說明某個(gè)人或東西所屬類別。Sheisateacher.她是個(gè)老師。Weallthoughthimasuitablepersonforthejob.我們都認(rèn)為他是適合做這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的人。定冠詞用在價(jià)格、速度、比率等短語中。sixkilometersanhour每小時(shí)60公里3timesaday每天三次不定冠詞用在專有名詞前。HewantstobuyaKodak.他想買架柯達(dá)相機(jī)。不定冠詞用于某些固定短語中。haveatry試一下takeabreak休息一下haveagoodtime玩得痛快makealiving謀生asamatteroffact事實(shí)上inaword總而言之haveagoodtime玩得開心haveacold感冒afterawhile一會兒之后takeatrain乘火車forawhile一會兒allofasudden突然inahurry匆忙地asaresult結(jié)果have/takearest休息havealook看一看2.定冠詞的用法用法典例定冠詞和名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。Mothercarvedthemeatintoslices.媽媽把肉切成了片。定冠詞用于可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或東西。Thehorseisausefulanimal.馬是一種有用的動(dòng)物。定冠詞用于第二次出現(xiàn)的名詞之前。Igotaletteryesterday.Theletterwassentbyemail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是電子郵件。定冠詞用于有詞組或者定語從句修飾的名詞前。Heisinvestigatingthecauseofthefire.他正在調(diào)查這場大火的原因。定冠詞用于某些名詞或者形容詞前，表示一類人，一個(gè)民族，階級或階層。theChinese中國人therich富人thedead死者thedeaf聾人定冠詞用于指說話雙方都知道的人或事。Pleaseclosethedoor.請把門關(guān)上。定冠詞用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。thesun太陽theearth地球theworld世界定冠詞用于序數(shù)詞前表示順序。thethirdgroup第三組定冠詞用于形容詞和副詞的最高級前面。ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.這是我所讀過的書中最有趣的一本。定冠詞在play后和樂器連用playthepiano彈鋼琴playtheflute吹長笛定冠詞與姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，表示一家人。TheBlackscametoChinain1994.布萊克一家是1994年來中國的。定冠詞的其他用法theChangjiangRiver長江theRedSea紅海（用于表示江河海洋的名詞前）theTaiwanStraits臺灣海峽theGulfofMexico墨西哥灣（用于表示海峽海灣的名詞前）theAlps阿爾卑斯山theSaharaDesert撒哈拉沙漠（用于山脈沙漠的名詞前）thePeople’sRepublicofChina中華人民共和國（用于國家名稱）theGenevaAgreement日內(nèi)瓦協(xié)議theWashingtonPost華盛頓郵報(bào)(用于報(bào)刊、條約之前)allthetime一直atthesametime同時(shí)bytheway順便說一下atthemoment目前inthefuture在將來intheend最后allovertheworld全世界atthebeginningof...在······開始時(shí)inthemiddleof...在······中間3.零冠詞的用法用法典例在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞前不用冠詞。ShestartedworkingthereinJanuary.她1月份開始在那里工作。學(xué)科、語言、三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和棋類名詞前不用冠詞。Jack'shobbyistoplaychess.杰克的愛好是下國際象棋。Mr.Smithusuallywalkshisdogaftersupper.史密斯先生通常晚飯后去遛狗。by與表示交通工具的名詞連用，表示一種交通方式時(shí)，名詞前不用冠詞。EricisnotgoingtoNanjingbyplane.埃里克不打算坐飛機(jī)去南京。泛指的復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)，其前不用冠詞。PandasliveintheforestsandmountainsofSouthwestChina.熊貓生活在中國西南部的森林和山里。表示泛指意義的物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞前通常不用冠詞。Moneyisnoteverything.金錢不是萬能的。用于固定搭配中。onshow展覽infact事實(shí)上atlunchtime在午飯時(shí)間facetoface面對面stepbystep一步步地athome在家atnoon在中午byhand手工atfirst首先intime及時(shí)onfoot步行indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中有無冠詞意義不同的情況。bysea乘船bythesea在海邊gotoschool去上學(xué)gototheschool(因事）去學(xué)校inhospital(因?。┳≡篿nthehospital(因事）在醫(yī)院attable在進(jìn)餐atthetable在桌子旁冠詞是一種虛詞，是名詞的一種標(biāo)志，不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任任何句子成分，只能附著在一個(gè)名詞上，幫助說明其詞義。對于冠詞的考查，往往集中于a、an的用法區(qū)別，定冠詞的用法，不用冠詞的情況，習(xí)慣用語中冠詞的用法等幾個(gè)方面。考查形式以單項(xiàng)選擇為主，有時(shí)也會在完形填空、完成句子等類型的題目中出現(xiàn)。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，不但要掌握不同類型的冠詞的用法，還要注意習(xí)慣搭配中的冠詞的使用情況。中考考查重點(diǎn)：一、冠詞的用法；二、不用冠詞的情況；三、冠詞的位置。典例解析（2022·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考二模）July1st,2021is______100thanniversaryofthefoundingofthemunistPartyofChina.【答案】the【詳解】句意：2021年7月1日是中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年。根據(jù)“100thanniversary”可知，在序數(shù)詞前應(yīng)用定冠詞the來限定。故填the。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2022·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）After________school,Ibought________presentformymother.A．/;a B．a(chǎn);/ C．a(chǎn);the D．the;/2．（2022·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Ijustboughtanewshirt.________shirtwasprettyexpensive.A．A B．An C．The D．/3．（2022·江蘇揚(yáng)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Chinahashelpedend70%ofpovertyworldwidesince________late1970s,accordingto________WorldBank.A．a(chǎn);a B．the;the C．a(chǎn);the D．the;a4．（2022·新疆·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Areyoufreeonweekends?—Yes,Iamgoingtohave________picnicon________Sunday.A．the;an B．a(chǎn);the C．a(chǎn);/ D．a(chǎn)n;/5．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereis________bankacrossfromthehospital.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/6．（2022·山東濱州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Haveyoueverworkedas________volunteerduringtheCOVID19pandemic(新冠疫情)?—Yes.Itwas________unforgettableexperienceforme.A．a(chǎn)n;an B．a(chǎn)n;a C．a(chǎn);an D．a(chǎn);a7．（2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Mybrotheroftenplays________footballwithhisclassmatesafterschool.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．/ D．the8．（2022·廣西百色·中考真題）Beijing,________capitalofChina,is________citywithalonghistory.A．the;the. B．a(chǎn);a C．the;a D．/;the9．（2022·云南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup,Lily?—I’mgoingtobe________astronautlikeWangYaping.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/10．（2022·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考中考真題）MeandMyWinterGamesis________interestingfilm.It’sagiftforBeijing2022.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/11．（2022·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）_______medicalbookTianHuiYiJianbyBianQueandCangGonghaseoutinChengdu.A．The B．An C．A12．（2022·四川遂寧·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereis________usefulrobotintherestaurantnearmyhome.Itcanservefoodtocustomers.A．a(chǎn)n B．the C．a(chǎn) D．/13．（2022·四川達(dá)州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Natalia,________exchangestudentfromSpain,is________universitystudentinSichuannow.A．a(chǎn);an B．a(chǎn)n;the C．a(chǎn)n;a D．a(chǎn);the14．（2022·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatdoesyourfatherdo?—Heis________cook.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/15．（2022·福建·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Jenny,whynotgofor________picnicthisSaturday?—Soundsgreat.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the16．（2022·遼寧沈陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Mr.Liis________doctor.Heisbusywhenheworks.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．不填17．（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）The2022WinterOlympicsimpressedmealot,and_______momentXuMengtaowonthegoldmedalmovedmethemost.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．不填18．（2022·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Iusuallyhave_______eggandsomebreadforbreakfast.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/19．（2022·遼寧朝陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Myhometownis_______beautifulcityin________westofLiaoningProvince.A．the;a B．a(chǎn);the C．a(chǎn);a D．the;the20．（2022·廣西玉林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HuangWenxiuis________goodmodelofthenewage.—Shewasgreat!Peopleallover_________countryshouldlearnfromher.A．a(chǎn);/ B．a(chǎn)n;the C．a(chǎn);the D．a(chǎn)n;a21．（2022·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—What’syourdream,Lingling?—I’mgoingtobe______excellentteacherlikeZhangGuimei.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/22．（2022·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Dinnerwillbeservedin________hour.Wouldyouhaveadrinkfirst?A．不填 B．the C．a(chǎn)n D．a(chǎn)23．（2022·貴州黔東南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Judyread________unusualreportfromKailiEveningonJune10.________reportwasaboutthedoctorsandnursesassisting（援助）ShanghaiinthefightagainstCOVID19.A．a(chǎn);A B．a(chǎn)n;The C．a(chǎn);The D．a(chǎn)n;An24．（2022·遼寧營口·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Confuciuswas________greatteacherandthinker.—Yes,we’restillinfluencedbyhisideastoday.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/25．（2022·吉林長春·統(tǒng)考中考真題）________valuablegiftitis!Itremindsmeofmychildhood.A．What B．Whata C．Whatan D．How二、完成句子26．（2022·湖北十堰·統(tǒng)考中考真題）我們齊心協(xié)力就能帶來變化，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更加美好的未來。Together,ouractionscanmakeadifferen