專題10句子的種類-2024年中考英語真題題源解密（原卷版）

專題10句子的種類江蘇中考英語對句子的種類的考查集中在單項選擇題、填空題?？疾橹攸c包括疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。本專題目的在于幫助學(xué)生梳理三種句子的用法，以幫助同學(xué)們高效復(fù)習(xí)。考點考向考法/命題角度句子的種類疑問句特殊疑問句祈使句祈使句的肯定句和否定句感嘆句how和what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句?考向一疑問句1．（2023·江蘇淮安）—MrWu,________canIkeeptheguitar?—Forfivedays.A．howoften B．howsoon C．howlong D．howmuch【答案】C【詳解】句意：——吳先生，這把吉他我能保存多久？——五天?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧?。howoften多久一次；howsoon多久之后；howlong多長時間；howmuch多少錢。根據(jù)“Forfivedays”可知此處詢問時間段，疑問詞用howlong。故選C。2．（2023·江蘇南通）—Excuseme,________istheGengsuTheatrefromthishotel?—It’sabouttenminutesifyoutakeataxi.A．howfar B．howlong C．howsoon D．howmuch【答案】A【詳解】句意：——對不起，庚戌劇院離這家旅館有多遠？——如果你坐出租車大約需要十分鐘?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧洹owfar多遠；howlong多長時間；howsoon多久之后；howmuch多少錢。根據(jù)“It’sabouttenminutesifyoutakeataxi.”可知此處詢問距離，疑問詞用howfar。故選A。3．（2023·江蘇無錫）________isyourhometown?Ican’tfinditanywhereonthemap.A．What B．Which C．When D．Where【答案】D【詳解】句意：你的家鄉(xiāng)在哪里？我在地圖上找不到它?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧?。What什么；Which哪一個；When什么時候；Where哪里。根據(jù)“Ican’tfinditanywhereonthemap.”可知，此處指詢問家鄉(xiāng)的位置，應(yīng)用where提問。故選D。4．（2022·江蘇淮安）—________doyouvisityourgrandparents,Simon?—Twiceamonth.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．Howlong D．Howmuch【答案】A【詳解】句意：——西蒙，你多久去看一次你的祖父母？——一個月兩次?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧?。Howoften多長時間一次；Howsoon還要多久；Howlong多長；Howmuch多少。根據(jù)“Twiceamonth”可知，對頻率副詞提問，howoften符合句意，故選A。特殊疑問句1．疑問詞什么是疑問詞：疑問詞就是用來提出問題的詞語,如what,how。常見的疑問詞有：人物：who誰whose誰的時間：when什么時候whattime幾點whatday星期幾地點：where哪里事件：what什么whatcolor什么顏色whatnumber多少號選擇：which哪一個方法：how怎么，怎么樣原因：why為什么其他：howmany多少howmuch多少錢howold多大howoften多少次，多久howabout什么怎么樣howfar多遠通過以上疑問詞，對時間，地點，人物，事件等特定條件進行提問。2、運用：疑問詞通常位于句首，放在be動詞和其他動詞的前面。如：whoishe?他是誰？Whatdoeshehave?他有什么？Whatcolorisyourpen?你的筆是什么顏色？Whereareyou?你在哪兒？Whosebookisthis?這是誰的書？?考向二祈使句5．（2020·江蘇徐州）Givemeachance,________Iwillgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．so【答案】B【詳解】句意：給我一次機會，我會給你一個巨大的驚喜?？疾檫B詞。or否則；and和；but但是；so因此。此處是“祈使句+and+陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示按照前一句那樣做會產(chǎn)生的肯定的結(jié)果，此處用連詞and表示“給我一次機會，我會給你一個巨大的驚喜”。故選B。6．（2022上·江蘇宿遷·九年級統(tǒng)考期中）TakeaphonewithGPS,________youmaybelikeablindmaninthebigdesert.A．a(chǎn)s B．so C．a(chǎn)nd D．or【答案】D【詳解】句意：帶一部帶GPS的，否則你可能就像沙漠中的盲人?？疾檫B詞辨析。as當(dāng)，因為；so所以；and然后；or否則。根據(jù)“TakeaphonewithGPS...youmaybelikeablindmaninthebigdesert.”可知是句型“祈使句，or/and+句子”此處表達“帶一部帶GPS的，否則你可能就像沙漠中的盲人?！惫蔬xD。祈使句祈使句用法詳解：1.Do型（即：動詞原形+賓語+其他成分）Pleasehaveaseathere.請這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動詞可省略。Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.請這邊走。2.Be型（即：Be+表語（名詞或形容詞）+其它成分）Beagoodboy!要做一個好孩子！3.Let型（即：Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分）Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't。Don'tforgeme!不要忘記我！Don'tbelateforschool!上學(xué)不要遲到!Let型的否定式有兩種：（Don't+Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分）Don'tlethimgo.別讓他走。（Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其它成分）Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。4.NO開頭，用來表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸煙Nofishing!禁止釣魚Noparking!禁止停車5.祈使句+or/and+簡單句=if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Hurryup,orwewillmissthetrain.=Ifwedon’thurryup,wewillmissthetrain.?考向二感嘆句7．（2023·江蘇淮安）TheC919,China’sselfmadelargeplane,isnowinuse.________excitingthenewsis!A．How B．Howan C．What D．Whatan【答案】A【詳解】句意：C919是中國自制的大型飛機，目前正在使用中。這個消息多么令人興奮啊！考查感嘆句。句子是感嘆句，中心詞是形容詞exciting，用結(jié)構(gòu)howadj.+主謂。故選A。8．（2023·江蘇南通）________itwastoseethemainsightsoftheworldintheWorldPark!A．Howamazingday B．HowanamazingdayC．Whatamazingday D．Whatanamazingday【答案】D【詳解】句意：在世界公園里看到世界的主要景點是多么美妙的一天??！考查感嘆句。句子是感嘆句，中心詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)day，用感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)：Whata/anadj.n.+主謂。故選D。9．（2023·江蘇宿遷）—Chinawonallthegoldmedalsatthe2023WorldTableTennisChampionships.—______excitingnews!A．Whata B．Howa C．How D．What【答案】D【詳解】句意：——中國包攬了2023年世乒賽的所有金牌?！嗝戳钊伺d奮的消息??！考查感嘆句，感嘆句的中心詞news是不可數(shù)名詞，此處用“What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。感嘆句一般說來，感嘆句是由what或how開頭的，它有兩個類型，六種句式。掌握了它的搭配，即掌握了感嘆句的重點。1.用what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。有三種句式，此時，what為形容詞，用作定語，修飾它后面的名詞或名詞詞組（即感嘆部分是名詞性短語）。1）.What+a/an+形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！e.g.:Whatafinedayitis！多么好的天氣?。。ㄝo音音素前用a）Whatanoldbuildingthatis！那是一棟多么破舊的樓房?。ㄔ粢羲厍坝胊n）2）.What+形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式＋主語＋謂語！e.g.:Whatgoodteacherstheyare！他們是多么好的老師啊！Whatbeautifulflowerstheseare！這些是多么美麗的花啊！3).What+形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！e.g.:Whatthickicewearehavinghere！我們這兒的冰多厚?。hatroundbreaditis！這是一塊多么圓的面包??！2.用how開頭的感嘆句。有三種句式，此時，how是副詞，用作狀語，修飾后面的形容詞、副詞或動詞。4).How＋形容詞＋主語＋謂語?。粗^語動詞是連系動詞）e.g.:Howhotitistoday！今天天氣多熱??！Howbeautifultheflowersare！這些花多么美麗??！5).How＋副詞＋主語＋謂語！e.g.:Howhardheworks！他工作多么努力啊！Howwellshesings！她歌唱得多好??！6).How+主語＋謂語?。粗^語動詞是行為動詞）e.g.:Howshedances！她跳舞跳得多好??！★注意：what和how引起的感嘆句，在口語中?？梢允÷灾髡Z、謂語或其它句子成分。e.g.:Howcold（itis）!Whatagoodgirl!Whatdeliciousfish!【易錯警示】判斷用what/how的方法：1、去掉主語、謂語和其他句子成分，看剩下來的最后一個詞，如果是名詞用what,如果是形容詞或副詞用how.2.如果剩下來的詞為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則用whata/an（元音因素前用an）,不可數(shù)名詞或名詞復(fù)數(shù)則不用冠詞。A疑問句10．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）—________canthisrobotread?

—Itcanreadabookinfiveminutes.A．Howfar B．Howfast C．Howlong D．Howoften11．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考三模）—________willthe19thAsianGamesHangzhoubeheld?—Itwillbeheldinaboutfourmonthsandtheopeningceremonyison23rdSeptember.A．Howfar B．Howlong C．Howsoon D．Howoften12．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）—Doyouknow________NanjingMuseumis?—It’sabout130,000squaremetersinsize.A．howfar B．howmuch C．howmany D．howlarge13．（2023·江蘇南京·?？家荒＃猒_______doesAwakeningofInsectsusuallylast?—ProbablyfromMarch5toMarch6.A．Howlong B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howmuch14．（2023·江蘇揚州·校考二模）—I’mreallyworriedaboutthegiantpandaYaYa.______isshegoingnow?—Thingsarechangingforthebetter.ShewillreturntoChinasoon.A．What B．Where C．Why D．How15．（2023·江蘇連云港·連云港市新海實驗中學(xué)校考三模）—________isitfromyourhometoschool?—Aboutfifteenminutes’walk.A．Howoften B．Howfar C．Howmany D．Howmuch16．（2023·江蘇鹽城·?？级＃狢anyoutellme________Beijing?—Twice.A．howmanytimesyouhavebeento B．howsoonyou’llgotoC．howlongyouhavebeenin D．howoftenyougoto17．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）—________domoreandmorepeopleliketobevolunteers?—Toimprovetheirmunityandtheworldaroundthem.A．What B．Why C．How D．Where18．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）—________didyouruncleleaveforthecapitalofDenmark?—Letmesee.He________fornearly2months.A．When;hasleft B．Howlong;hasbeenawayC．Howlong;hasleft D．When;hasbeenaway19．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考二模）—________doyougohikingwithJohn?—EverySunday.A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howmany D．Howoften20．（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考二模）—________homeworkdoyouhaveeveryday?—Abouttwohours.A．Howlong B．Howoften C．Howmany D．Howmuch21．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）—______canwedotosupportourschoolfootballteam?—Wecanputuppostersandinvitemorestudentstocheerforthem.A．How B．What C．Why D．When22．（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考二模）—I’mreallyworriedaboutthegiantpandaYaYa.________isshegoingnow?—Thingsarechangingforthebetter.ShehasreturnedtoChina.A．What B．How C．Why D．Where23．（2023·江蘇淮安·校聯(lián)考二模）—________isyourfather?—Heisanengineerandheworksinafactory.A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose24．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考二模）—________canyouskiprope,Linda?—Over200timesinaminute.A．Howsoon B．Howfar C．Howfast D．Howlong25．（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考二模）Thepolicejustwondered________thewitnessknewaboutthemurder.A．howsoon B．howmany C．howoften D．howmuch26．（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考二模）—________willyouleaveforcamping?—Thisweekend.Everythingisreadyforthepicnic.A．When B．Where C．How D．WhyB祈使句27．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）Tommy,________playbasketballinthestreetnexttime.Youmaygethitbyacar.A．do B．don’t C．doesn’t D．mustn’t28．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考二模）—Bequick,________wewillmissthebeginningofthefilm.—Don’tworry.Thefilmwillstarthalfanhourlater.A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．so D．or29．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考二模）—Learningtoloveislikelearningtowalk.—Yes.Stepoutbravely________you’llfindit’snotsodifficult.A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．so30．（2023·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考二模）_____inwhatyouwant,andAItoolscancreatepicturesinminutes.A．Typing B．Totype C．Type D．Typed31．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenfacedwithahotpotato,simply________calmandyouwillfindoutthewaytosolveit.A．staying B．stay C．tostay D．stayed32．（2022·江蘇南通·模擬預(yù)測）—I’mworriedabouttheseniorschoolentranceexam.—Workhardandbeconfident,________yourdreamwilletrue.A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so33．（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Don’tjumptoconclusions,________youmaymakeamistake.A．a(chǎn)nd B．so C．but D．or34．（2022·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考二模）________waystogetonwellwithyourclassmates,oryouwillmakeyourselflonely.A．Found B．Tofind C．Finding D．Find35．（2022·江蘇常州·?？家荒＃狫im,________mycat’stail.Youwillhurther.—Sorry.Ithoughtshemightenjoyit.A．notpull B．doesn’tpull C．nottopull D．don’tpull36．（2022·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考一模）_________ontheicon,andyoucansendyourorder.A．Toclick B．Clicking C．Click D．Clicked37．（2022·江蘇徐州·統(tǒng)考一模）Linda,________theweatherforecastbeforeyougoonatrip.A．checks B．check C．checking D．tocheckC感嘆句38．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）—Steve,didyoutryBeijingDuckduringyourvisittoBeijing?—Sure.________deliciousfood!A．Whata B．Howa C．What D．How39．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）—________nicemusic!Itmakesmefeelrelaxed.—Yes.Listeningtosoftmusiccanmakeyoufeelbetter.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa40．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考三模）________informationwecangetfromtheInternet!Thankstotheexcellentwebsite.A．Whatuseful B．Whatauseful C．Howuseful D．Howuseless41．（2023·江蘇揚州·?？既＃猒_______greatprogressyou’vemadeintheexam!Congratulations!—Thankyou!A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa42．（2023·江蘇南通·校考三模）—Doyouknowwhosangthefamoussongattheconcertlastnight?—It’sDawafromTibet.______realgifthehasformusic!A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa43．（2023·江蘇揚州·校考一模）—ManycitiesinChinaarenowofferingteenagegirlsfreeHPVvaccines(疫苗).—________greatfuntheirparentshavehearingofthenews!A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa44．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）________freshideatheseyoungpeoplehave!I’veneverheardaboutamorecreativeone.A．How B．Howa C．What D．Whata45．（2023·江蘇南京·南師附中樹人學(xué)校?？既＃￤hat________amazingprogresshe’smadewiththehelpofhisteacher!A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/46．（2023·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考二模）—________beautifulflowersweenjoyedattheNanjingInternationalPlumBlossomFestival!—Yes,Icouldn’tstoptakingphotosthere.A．Howa B．How C．Whata D．What47．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）________helpfulsuggestionshegaveus!Wesolvedtheproblemwithherhelpeasily.A．How B．What C．Howa D．Whata48．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模）—________wonderfuldinner!Youaresuchabrilliantcook.—Iamverygladyoulikethefood!A．Howa B．Whata C．How D．What49．（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模）—China’sfirstfemalepilotsfortheJ11Bfig