2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)十三Unit5WorkingtheLandReadingandThinking含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE十三Unit5ReadingandThinkingⅠ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.IhavefourchildrenandIcontinually(continue)learnnewthingsfromthem.2.Theherointhenovelisaselfishbusinessmanwhosewholeeffortandlifearedevotedtoearningmoremoney.3.Weareworkingontheassumption(assume)thateveryoneinvitedwillturnup.4.Mikefoundachallenging(challenge)jobasacomputerprogrammerinabigcompany.5.Hehasbeenwiththecompanysinceitscreation(create)in1989.6.Allvarieties(variety)ofgoodsfordailyuseareavailable.7.OnceYuanLongpingenvisionedriceplantsastallassorghum.8.Moststudentshavetolookforjobsafteruniversitygraduation(graduate).9.Ittakespatiencetoeducate(educate)children.

10.Hewilltryhisbesttohelpthembymeansofhisconventional(convention)medicalknowledge.Ⅱ.選詞填空domesticfarmingcelebrityestimateconvinceshortagesolutiongenerateadvanceleisure1.Joannahasfinallymadeittothefirstrankofcelebrityafter25yearsasanactress.2.Poorpreparationandshortageofequipmentaccountedfortheirfailureofclimbingtothetopofthemountain.3.Thefirsthybridricewasusedforfarmingin1974.4.Itisestimatedthatabout1,000peopleattendedthecitymarathon.5.Womenarestillthemainvictimsofdomesticviolence.6.Asolutiontoaproblemordifficultsituationisawayofdealingwithitsothatthedifficultyisremoved.7.I’mnotgoingtobelieveitmyself,nevermindconvinceanyoneelse.8.Thecompany,NewEnglandElectric,burnscoaltogeneratepower.9.IliketogotothecinemawhenIhaveleisuretime.10.Thegentleman,despitehisadvancedyears,helpedKathrynbacktoherseat.Ⅲ.依據(jù)提示翻譯句子1.袁隆平,被譽(yù)為“雜交水稻之父”,是中國(guó)最聞名的科學(xué)家之一。(knowas)YuanLongping,(whois)knownas“thefatherofhybridrice”,isoneofChina’smostfamousscientists.

2.袁隆平的父母希望他從事科學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)。(wantsb.todo)YuanLongping’sparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.

3.1953年畢業(yè)后,他擔(dān)當(dāng)探討員。(afterdoing)Aftergraduatingin1953,heworkedasaresearcher.

4.袁隆平的創(chuàng)新不僅幫助養(yǎng)活了中國(guó),還幫助養(yǎng)活了很多其他依靠大米的國(guó)家,如印度和越南。(notjust...but)YuanLongping’sinnovationhashelpedfeednotjustChina,butmanyothercountriesthatdependonriceaswell,suchasIndiaandVietnam.

5.應(yīng)當(dāng)有一個(gè)你可以向他尋求任何建議的人。(therebe)Thereshouldbesomeonetowhomyoucanturnforanyadvice.

Ⅰ.閱讀理解ASeawaterricetestyieldholdspromiseforharshlandsByMaoWeihuaandZhengCaixionginUrumuqi|chinadaily.com.cn|Updated:2024-11-1917:01Theseawaterrice,developedbyagriculturalscientistYuanLongpingandhisteam,achievedatheoreticalyieldof546.74kilogramspermu(0.07hectares)inapaddyinYopurgacounty,XinjiangUygurautonomousregion.Thefigurewasannouncedafterastrictandpublicevaluationlastmonthbyaproductiontestingexpertgroup,whichconsistedoffourrenownedriceexperts.YuanLongping’sresearchteam,whichstartedplantingriceinthesaline-alkalifieldin2024,expandedtheirexperimentalricefieldtomorethan20hectaresthisyearinthecounty,locatednearChina’slargestdesert,theTaklimakan.Thericeoutputfromtheexperimentalricefieldindicatedthatthesaline-alkalilandcanbetransformedintogoodricefieldsinthreetofiveyears,saidWangQi,anexpertwithYuanLongping’sresearchteam.Thetrialplottogrowtheseawaterriceisofaheavysaline-alkalinature,withsalinitycomingtomorethan17per1,000partsandthepHvaluereachingover8.0,buttheseawaterricehastheeffectofimprovingthesoilandreducingthesaline-alkalicontent,Wangsaid.【文章大意】本文是一篇摘自《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》的新聞報(bào)道,主要介紹了袁隆平和他的探討團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)的“海水稻”勝利通過(guò)專家測(cè)試。1.Whoreportedthenews?A.WangQi.B.YuanLongping.C.YuanLongping’sresearchteam.D.MaoWeihuaandZhengCaixiong.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本文是新聞報(bào)道,依據(jù)標(biāo)題下面的斜體字部分可知,介紹新聞稿來(lái)源,由《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》記者毛衛(wèi)華和鄭彩雄報(bào)道。本題考查學(xué)生的“看”的實(shí)力,要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在網(wǎng)頁(yè)、報(bào)刊上搜尋所需信息。2.What’stheadvantageofseawaterrice?A.Itachievedayieldof546.74kgperhectare.B.Itcanbeplantedinthesaline-alkalifield.C.Itdoesn’tneedsomuchsunlight.D.Itcanbeplantedeverywhere.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第一段提到海水稻的理論產(chǎn)量達(dá)到546.74kilogramspermu,而不是perhectare,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,C和D文中未提到,第三段提到海水稻的試驗(yàn)就是在saline-alkalifield進(jìn)行的,第四段也有提及。3.WhendidtheseawaterricebegintobeplantedinXinjiangbyYuanLongpingandhisteam?A.Lastmonth. B.In2024.C.InNovember,2024. D.InOctober.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的第一句YuanLongping’sresearchteam,whichstartedplantingriceinthesaline-alkalifieldin2024...可知,海水稻是在2024年起先試驗(yàn)種植的。4.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A.Aguidebook. B.ATVprogram.C.Awebsite. D.Atextbook.【解析】選C。文章出處題。依據(jù)Updated:2024-11-1917:01可知,本文是2024-11-1917:01上傳更新的,因此可推斷文章很可能來(lái)自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。BEverysummer,myfamilyandIvisitourrelativesinIndiaandwheneverwetravel,myparentsalwaysremindmetodrinkonlybottledorboiledwater.OnoneofmytripstoIndia,Isawchildrendrinkingwaterfromtheroadside.Iwastroubledtolearnthatmillionsofpeople,mostofthemchildrenindevelopingcountries,dieeachyearbecauseofwaterrelateddiseases.LivingintheUS,Iamluckytobeabletoturnonthetapandgetpotablewater(飲用水),whileonesixthoftheworld’spopulationlacksaccesstocleanwater.Thisyear,IenteredtheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge.InlateJune,IlearnedthatIwasselectedasoneofthetop10nationalfinalistsofthisfamousmiddleschoolsciencecompetition.Overthesummer,IworkedwithDr.JimJonza,myScientistmentor(導(dǎo)師)from3M,anddevelopedasystemthatusessolarenergytopurifywater.Myinventionisgreenandcost-effective,andIamlookingforwardtoimplementingthisinplacesthatareaffectedbyharmfulwaterpollution.InOctober,myfamilyandIflewto3MHeadquartersinStPaul,Minnesota,wherethefinaleventwastobeheld.Forthelastchallenge,eachofushadtopresenttheinventionwehadbeenworkingonoverthesummer.Thefirstplacewinnerwouldwin$25,000,atriptoCostaRica,andthetitleofAmerica’sTopYoungScientist.Attheawardsceremony,allofuswaitedanxiouslyuntiloneofthejudges,DannyForester,startedannouncing“ThewinneroftheDiscoveryEducationAsAmerica’sTopYoungScientist,Iwasgivenanopportunitytoshowmyinventiononnationaltelevisionanddeliverseveralpresentations.OneofthemostimportantthingsIhavelearnedisthatcommunicationandteamworkarekeytosuccess.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了作者通過(guò)一次去印度的經(jīng)驗(yàn),發(fā)覺(jué)人們?nèi)狈η鍧嵥?就此得到啟發(fā)回國(guó)后與JimJonza博士合作,開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)利用太陽(yáng)能的凈水系統(tǒng)。5.WhydoestheauthormentionhervisitstoIndia?A.ToexpresshergreatloveforIndia.B.Toshowtheproblemofuncleanwater.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofrelatives.D.Tocompareeasternandwesterncultures.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句可知,每年有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人死于與水有關(guān)的疾病,其中大多數(shù)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家的兒童。由此可以推斷出,作者提到自己去印度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是為了說(shuō)明人們?nèi)狈η鍧嵥膯?wèn)題,故選B。6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“implementing”inParagraph2?A.Researching. B.Changing.C.Finishing. D.Using.【解析】選D。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)Myinventionisgreenandcosteffective可知,作者的獨(dú)創(chuàng)很環(huán)保、高效且節(jié)約成本,因此作者期盼將它應(yīng)用到受有害的水影響的地區(qū)。故劃線詞implementing是“應(yīng)用”的意思。7.HowdidtheaudiencereactasForesteropenedthepaperwiththewinner’sname?A.Theyappearedcalm.B.Theyletoutshoutsofjoy.C.Theysatquietly.D.Theydroppedpinstotheauthor.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句可知,Forester宣布獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)全部觀眾都屏住呼吸,你甚至可以聽(tīng)到大頭針落地的聲音。由此可知觀眾都特別寧?kù)o地坐著,故選C。8.Howisthetextmainlyorganized?A.Inorderoftime.B.Inorderofcomplexity(困難性).C.Inorderofplace.D.Inorderofimportance.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文可知,作者主要按時(shí)間依次回顧了自己在發(fā)覺(jué)教化3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽中奪冠的經(jīng)驗(yàn),故選A?！鹃喿x多維訓(xùn)練】依據(jù)本篇閱讀理解填空(1)Myinventionisgreenandcost-effective,andIamlookingforwardtoimplementingthisinplacesthatareaffectedbyharmfulwaterpollution.分析:本句是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句,由and連接。其次個(gè)并列分句中包含由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞places。譯文:我的獨(dú)創(chuàng)是綠色的,低成本效益高,我期盼著能在受有害的水污染影響的地方應(yīng)用它。(2)OneofthemostimportantthingsIhavelearnedisthatcommunicationandteamworkarekeytosuccess.分析:本句為復(fù)合句。Ihavelearned為省略that的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞Oneofthemostimportantthings;主句中包含that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。譯文:我學(xué)到的最重要的事情之一就是溝通和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作是勝利的關(guān)鍵。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·濰坊高二檢測(cè))Garlicisoneofthemostcommoncookingingredientsaroundtheworld.ManydishesinEurope,Africa,AsiaandtheAmericasusethisstrong-flavoredvegetable.Garlicissimilartootherbulb-shapedplants,includingonions,chives,leeksandscallions.Butgarlicisspecial.1Medicinalgarlicisthroughouttime.

ResearchersattheMemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCenterandCornellUniversitystudiedthemedicinaluseofgarlicthroughouthistory.TheyfoundreferencestogarlicinancienttextsfromEgypt,Greece,Rome,Chinaand2

TheoriginalOlympicathletesinGreeceategarlictoimprovetheirperformance.3

WorkerswhobuiltthepyramidsinEgyptategarlic.Infact,thisisathemethroughoutearlyhistory—workerseatgarlictoincreasetheirstrength.4Theshortansweristhatgarliccreatesagascalledhydrogensulfide.

Atfirst,hydrogensulfidedoesnotseemveryhealthy.Infact,itistoxicandflammable.Itsmellslikerotteneggs.5Hydrogensulfiderelaxesbloodvessels.Relaxingbloodvessels,inturn,allowsmoreoxygentotraveltothebody’sorgans.Itlowershighbloodpressureandprotectsthebodyagainstcardiovasculardisease.“Cardio”relatestotheheartand“vascular”relatestobloodvessels.SomeresearchersinChinahavegonesofarastocallhydrogensulfidethekeytoalongerlife.Andanotherstudyfoundthateatinganappleorlettuceaftereatinggarliccutsdownonthestronggarlicsmellonone’sbreath.

A.Butwhyisgarlicsuchahealthyfood?B.Butitdoesanimportantjobinourbodies.C.TheancientRomansfedgarlictothesoldiersandsailors.D.Forcenturies,peoplehaveusedgarlicnotonlyforcooking,butalsoformedicine.E.Forexample,inancientGreeceandRome,peopleconsideredgarlicanaidtostrengthandendurance.F.Also,togetthefulleffectofgarlic’shealthbenefits,donotaddittofoodorcookwithitimmediately.G.Scientistshavereportedthatthisoldergarlichasevenmorepropertiesthataregoodforourbodiesthanfreshgarlic.【文章大意】本文介紹了大蒜的歷史及各種用途。大蒜能讓人增加體能,促使血管舒張,增加血管的通透性。1.【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)Medicinalgarlic可知D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,即“很多世紀(jì)以來(lái),人們不僅把大蒜用于烹飪,而且還入藥”。2.【解析】選E。依據(jù)前面句子中的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)Greece。Rome和E項(xiàng)中的inancientGreeceandRome可知,E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3.【解析】選C。依據(jù)前面的句子“最初的希臘奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)員食用大蒜以便提高他們的表現(xiàn)”,可知C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,即“古羅馬人讓士兵和海員食用大蒜”。誤會(huì)分析:很簡(jiǎn)單誤選G項(xiàng)。誤認(rèn)為上文提到大蒜的作用,接下來(lái)會(huì)接著寫科學(xué)家的發(fā)覺(jué),但是下文中并沒(méi)有提到更陳舊的大蒜比簇新的大蒜有更多的對(duì)身體有益的特性,故G項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。4.【解析】選A。依據(jù)后面的句子Theshortansweristhatgarliccreatesagascalledhydrogensulfide可知,此處應(yīng)是疑問(wèn)句,故選A。5.【解析】選B。依據(jù)前后句子的內(nèi)容可知大蒜具有刺激性氣味,但大蒜具有舒張血管的作用。故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅲ.完形填空Bend,asmalltowninOregon,iscalled“mooncountry”.Beforetheastronautsever1ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend.WhenJimIrwincametoBendfor2,hemadefriendswithFloydWatson,a(n)3resident,whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity.Fiveyearslater,Irwinwas4fortheApollo15moonlanding.

WhenthenewsthathisoldfriendwouldgotothemooncametoWatson’s5,hechoseapieceoflavarock(火山巖)nearDevil’sLake,6itinpaper.ThenhepostedittoIrwinwithaletterwherehe7himandmadearequest,“Iamsendingyoua8pieceofCentralOregonlava,whichIhopeyouwillbeableto9tothemoonforme.”O(jiān)ffwenttheletter,andWatsonthought10ofit.Afewmonthslater,onJuly26,1971,Irwin11tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden.

Andafewweeksaftertheir12,WatsongotanunexpectedletterfromIrwin.“Ididcarryyourpieceoflavatothemoonandleftitthere,”Irwinwrote—andenclosed(附上)a13ofit,withthesmallpieceofOregonlava14withanarrowandthewords”O(jiān)regonlavaonthemoon!”ForWatsontheletterandthepicturewere15.And,ofcourse,heneverlookedatthemoonthesamewayagain.

【文章大意】本文為一篇記敘文。宇航員JimIrwin在美國(guó)俄勒岡州Bend小鎮(zhèn)接受登月訓(xùn)練時(shí),結(jié)交了一位當(dāng)?shù)睾糜袴loydWatson。當(dāng)Watson聽(tīng)說(shuō)Irwin被選為“阿波羅15號(hào)”登月宇航員時(shí),他希望好友把一小塊取自Bend小鎮(zhèn)湖邊的火山巖放到月球上。Irwin的確把這塊火山巖送上了月球,并拍照留念。1.A.did B.madeC.took D.grasped【解析】選B。在宇航員勝利登上月球之前,他們?cè)贐end接受訓(xùn)練。makeit為固定短語(yǔ),意為“獲得勝利”,符合句意。2.A.adventure B.researchC.amusement D.practice【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文中的“Beforetheastronautsever______ittothemoon,theytrainedinBend.”及下文中的“Irwinwas______fortheApollo15moonlanding...Irwin______tothemoonwithDavidScottandAlfredWorden.”可知,JimIrwin是一名宇航員,來(lái)到Bend接受登月訓(xùn)練。practice意為“練習(xí),訓(xùn)練”,符合句意。

3.A.local B.aggressiveC.gifted D.academic【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文中的“whowasthebuildinginspectorforthecity”可以推斷FloydWatson是當(dāng)?shù)?local)居民。4.A.carriedout B.pickedoutC.ruledout D.checkedout【解析】選B。五年后,Irwin被選中實(shí)行“阿波羅15號(hào)”登月安排。pickout意為“細(xì)心選擇”,符合句意。carryout“執(zhí)行,實(shí)施”;ruleout“解除”;