2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省靖江高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省靖江2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.What’sprobablythewoman’sjob?A.Ahotelreceptionist.B.Alibrarian.C.Acustomsofficer.2.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.TomakeanapplicationB.Togiveinformation.C.Toansweraquestion.3.HowdoesLindafeel?A.Confused.B.Surprised.C.Shocked.4.WhatmakesJimhurry?A.AttendingalectureB.Doingbusiness.C.Meetingassistants.5.Whichdoesthemanprefer?A.Beefstew.B.Friedeggs.C.Fishsoup.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomandislike?A.Playingfootball.B.Watchingfootball.C.Goingskating.7.Howoftendoesthemanskate?A.Never.B.Occasionally.C.Regularly.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Athome.9.Whatseemstobetheproblemforthewoman?A.Shewasovercharged.B.Shegotthewrongfood.C.Shelostthebill.10.Howistheman’sservice?A.Disappointing.B.Annoying.C.Satisfying.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.12.Howistheman’swayofdescribingthemathproblem?A.Amusing.B.Simple.C.Complicated.13.WhatdoesMr.Williamsteach?A.Maths.B.History.C.English.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.What’sthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Organizingameeting.C.Treatingaguest.15.Whatmakestheman’steadifferent?A.Beingblended.B.Beingpure.C.Beingprocessed.16.Whydoesthecompanybuytheirteadirectlyfromthegrowers?A.Toreducetheprice.B.Toguidethegrowers.C.Totrackthegrowingprocess.17.Whatwillthemantalkaboutintheend?A.Thesourceoftheirtea.B.Thekindsoftheirtea.C.Thecharacteristicsoftheirtea.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Atradition.B.Aperformance.C.Chinatown.19.Whowillmakespeechesinthegathering?A.Railroadworkers.B.Entertainers.C.Governmentofficials.20.Whatwillpeopledoaftertheafternoonperformance?A.Buyclothes.B.HavedinnerC.Visitthemuseum.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAMEETTHEAGENT—JenniferMarchSoloway|AndreaBrownLiteraryAgencyJenniferMarchSolowayisasenioragent.Previously,sheworkedinpublicrelationsinavarietyofindustries,includingfinancialservices,healthcare,andtoys.ShehasamasterdegreeincreativewritingandlivesinSanFrancisco.“Iworkoncountlessrevisionsandkeeptryingneweditorstohelppeoplepursuetheirdreams.It’sexcitingtocallaclienttoletthemknowtheirprojectwillgetpublished,especiallyafterlongtrieswithoutluck.”FindheratAndreaBrownLandonX(Twitter)@marchsoloway.ABOUTME“Inadditiontoreading,Iwatchalotofscarymovies.”“Mypreferredtransportationismybicycle.”FAVORITEBlog:“Lately,I’vebeenreadingandenjoyingRobertReich’sblog.”Drink:“Coffee,hot,nosugar.”Quote:“Revisionismagical!”Author:“JamesBaldwin,butalso,somanyothers.”SEEKING“Iwouldlovetofindsomeexcitingadultliteraryadventures.Throwinatouchofromance,andIwillstayupallnightreading.IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutJenniferMarchSoloway?A.Sheworksinpublicrelationsnow. B.Shebelievesrevisionsreallyhelp.C.Sherelaxesherselfbyridingabike. D.Shepublishesherclients’projects.2.WhatdoesJenniferMarchSolowayseektodo?A.Towritestoriesaboutteenagelife. B.ToenjoyYAnovelswithromance.C.Tobringteenageproblemstolight. D.Toreflectthebenefitsofdigitalage.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthisarticle?A.News. B.Finance. C.Advertisements. D.Literature.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是供職于AndreaBrownLiteraryAgency的一名叫JenniferMarchSoloway圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，文章介紹了JenniferMarchSoloway個人信息以及想要征求書稿的類型。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一列中“Iworkoncountlessrevisionsandkeeptryingneweditorstohelppeoplepursuetheirdreams.It’sexcitingtocallaclienttoletthemknowtheirprojectwillgetpublished,especiallyafterlongtrieswithoutluck.(我做了無數(shù)次的修改，并不斷嘗試新的編輯器來幫助人們追求他們的夢想。)”以及“FAVORITE”部分中的“Revisionismagical!(修改是神奇的！)”可知Jennifer認同修改確實有幫助。故選B。【2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.(我也很喜歡青少年小說，尤其是關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事。數(shù)字時代對孩子和青少年來說真的很艱難，我認為年輕的讀者需要看到他們的經(jīng)歷在頁面上反映出來，知道他們并不孤單)”可知，Jennifer想征求關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事的青少年小說，以及反映青少年在數(shù)字時代所遇到的一些艱難經(jīng)歷的書稿；由此可知，JenniferMarchSoloway希望能夠揭示青少年的問題。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中“Iwouldlovetofindsomeexcitingadultliteraryadventures.Throwinatouchofromance,andIwillstayupallnightreading.IamalsohungryforYA(youngadult)novels,particularlystoriesaboutordinaryteensdealingwithlife,family,relationshipsormentalhealth.Thedigitalagehasbeenreallyhardonkidsandteens,andIthinkyoungreadersneedtoseetheirexperiencereflectedonthepagetoknowthey’renotalone.”(我想找一些令人興奮的成人文學(xué)冒險。加點浪漫的東西，我就會通宵讀書。我也很喜歡青少年小說，尤其是關(guān)于普通青少年如何處理生活、家庭、人際關(guān)系或心理健康的故事。數(shù)字時代對孩子和青少年來說真的很艱難，我認為年輕的讀者需要看到他們的經(jīng)歷在頁面上反映出來，知道他們并不孤單。)”可知，本文是一名叫JenniferMarchSoloway圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，文章介紹了JenniferMarchSoloway個人信息以及想要征求書稿的類型；由此可知本篇文章是圖書代理征求書稿的廣告，最可能在報紙的廣告版面找到這篇文章。故選C。BAnewT-shirtthatcontinuouslymonitorsheartactivityanddetectsabnormalitiesmayhelppreventstrokesbyidentifyingdangerousheartconditionslikeatrialfibrillation(AF).Thisirregularheartrhythmincreasestheriskofstrokeandaffectsoveramillion-peopleinBritain,withanestimated500,000moreremainingundiagnosedduetoalackofnoticeablesymptoms.Whilesomeindividualsexperiencesignslikechestpain,dizziness,orfatigue,manyonlydiscovertheconditionaftersufferingastroke.DetectingAFtypicallyinvolvesanelectrocardiogram(ECG),performedinahospitalwheretrainedstaffattachupto24electrodestodifferentpartsofthebody.However,sinceAFoftenoccursintermittently(間歇地),ashorthospitalcheck-upmaynotdetectit.Tocounterthis,doctorssometimesprovidepatientswithaHoltermonitor,adevicewornunderclothingthatrecordsheartactivity.However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.TheCardioskinT-shirtoffersamorepracticalalternative.Madefromcottonandwashableupto35times,ithas15smallelectrodeswovenintothechestareatomonitorheartsignalscontinuously.TheT-shirtcanbeworn24hoursaday,increasingthelikelihoodofdetectingabnormalrhythms.Poweredbyaremovablebattery,theelectrodesfeeddatatoamicrochip,whichwirelesslytransmitstheinformationtoanapp.Theappconvertsthedataintoaneasy-to-readchart,highlightinganyirregularheartactivity.Theresultsarethensharedwiththepatient’sdoctor,allowingforremotemonitoringwithoutrequiringhospitalvisits.ThisinnovativedesigncouldmakediagnosingAFeasierandmoreaccessible,potentiallyreducingtheriskofstrokeformany.ProfessorMartinCowie,acardiologistatImperialCollegeLondon,viewsCardioskinasansignificantdevelopmentinhearthealthmonitoring,offeringacomfortableandefficienttoolforearlydetectionofcardiacproblems.4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?AThedifficultyindetectingatrialfibrillation. B.ThebenefitofwearingaHoltermonitor.C.Theprocessofrecordingheartactivity. D.ThefutureofdevelopinganewECG.5.WhydidtheauthormentionaHoltermonitorinthetext?A.Tointroduceawaytocheckthepatient’sheart.B.Toexplainwhydoctorslikeusingthedevice.C.ToshowtheadvantageofaCardioskinT-shirtoverit.D.Toencouragepeopletocareabouttheirhealth.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCardioskinT-shirt?A.IthaselectrodesplacedallovertheT-shirt.B.Itcanbewornamonthwithoutbeingwashed.C.IthasabatterythatcanbechargedeasilyandquicklyDItcanmaketheprocessofdiagnosistimelyandconvenient.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewECC:animportantdevelopmentfordoctorsB.Hi-techT-shirt:agoodhelperfordetectingstrokesC.Holtermonitor:adevicetrackingpatients’heartproblemsD.CardioskinT-shirt:ashirtkeepingpatientsfromdiseases〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一件能持續(xù)監(jiān)控心臟活動并檢測異常的T恤衫，并著重介紹了它給人們帶來益處?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“However,sinceAFoftenoccursintermittently(間歇地),ashorthospitalcheck-upmaynotdetectit.(然而，由于房顫經(jīng)常間歇性發(fā)生，短期的醫(yī)院檢查可能無法發(fā)現(xiàn)它。)”和“However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.(然而，它體積龐大，不方便，并且需要在胸部連接多根電線，這使得它在日常佩戴時不舒服。)”可知，第二段主要講的是房顫檢測的困難。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由第二段“However,it’sbulky,inconvenient,andrequiresmultiplewirestobeattachedtothechest,makingituncomfortablefordailywear.(然而，它體積龐大，不方便，并且需要在胸部連接多根電線，這使得它在日常佩戴時不舒服。)”以及第三段“TheCardioskinT-shirtoffersamorepracticalalternative.Madefromcottonandwashableupto35times,ithas15smallelectrodeswovenintothechestareatomonitorheartsignalscontinuously.(Cardioskin的T恤提供了一個更實用的選擇。它由棉花制成，可洗滌多達35次，在胸部區(qū)域編織了15個小電極，以連續(xù)監(jiān)測心臟信號。)”可知，作者在文中提到了一個Holter監(jiān)護儀的裝置目的就是為了展示這件CardioskinT恤衫的優(yōu)點。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Poweredbyaremovablebattery,theelectrodesfeeddatatoamicrochip,whichwirelesslytransmitstheinformationtoanapp.Theappconvertsthedataintoaneasy-to-readchart,highlightinganyirregularheartactivity.Theresultsarethensharedwiththepatient’sdoctor,allowingforremotemonitoringwithoutrequiringhospitalvisits.ThisinnovativedesigncouldmakediagnosingAFeasierandmoreaccessible,potentiallyreducingtheriskofstrokeformany.(電極由一塊可移動電池供電，將數(shù)據(jù)輸入微芯片，微芯片將信息無線傳輸?shù)綉?yīng)用程序。應(yīng)用程序?qū)?shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成易于閱讀的圖表，突出顯示任何不規(guī)則的心臟活動。然后將結(jié)果與患者的醫(yī)生共享，這樣就可以在不需要去醫(yī)院的情況下進行遠程監(jiān)控。這種創(chuàng)新的設(shè)計可以使診斷心房顫動更容易、更容易，潛在地降低許多人中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險。)”可推知，CardioskinT恤衫使診斷過程及時、方便。故選D。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“AnewT-shirtthatcontinuouslymonitorsheartactivityanddetectsabnormalitiesmayhelppreventstrokesbyidentifyingdangerousheartconditionslikeatrialfibrillation(AF).(一種新的T恤可以持續(xù)監(jiān)測心臟活動并檢測異常，通過識別心房顫動等危險的心臟疾病，可能有助于預(yù)防中風(fēng)。)”可知，主要講述的是一種名為Cardioskin的新型T恤，它能夠持續(xù)監(jiān)測心臟活動并檢測異常，特別是心房顫動等危險的心臟疾病，從而可能幫助預(yù)防中風(fēng)。故選B。CIthasbeenfiveyearssinceIleftmystaffjobandbecameself-employed.IremembermyterrorasIwalkedoutoftheofficeforthelasttimeandtheexcitementwhenIsoldmyfirstpiecedayslater.Workingforyourself,settingyourownhoursandbeingresponsibleforyoursuccessorfailureareexciting.Ileftmyjobjustassummerwasstarting,andmyfirstfewmonthswereasblissfulasthefairdays.Whenwintercame,anofficewheresomeoneelsepaidforthecentralheatingandmysalarywasguaranteedseemedattractive.Januaryistoughforfreelancers(自由職業(yè)者),anditwasnodifferentforme—aftermassesofwork,Iearnednone.IsharedmyfearswithsomebusinesswomenIknew—whatiftherealitywouldbemorelikewhatIwasexperiencing?Whetherthroughchoiceorcircumstance,thenumberoffreelancersisrisingand,ifyou’rejuststartingout,itisscary.I’vebeenluckythatthesewomenmakingmoneytheirownwaysharedkeylessonsaboutwhatittakes.Youcan’tfeelhalf-heartedaboutwhatyoudobecause,atsomepoint,you’regoingtohavepainfuldays.Whenthathappens,youhavetorememberwhyyouwantedthislifeinthefirstplace.Don’tquityourjobforsomethingthatyouthinkmightbemoreinteresting,quititforsomethingyoucan’tstopthinkingabout.Settingupabusinessistough.Ratherthanwaitinguntilallisperfect,goforthemomentwhenitfeelsasifmomentum(勢頭)iswithyou.Lookafteryourself.Thereisnosickpaywhenyouareself-employed.Youcan’tdoabadday’sworkandblameitonyourboss.Youarethebackboneofyourbusinessandyouneedtoprioritizeyourhealthandwell-being.Restregularlyandfindlike-mindedpeopletosupportyouandliftyouupwhenthingsgethard.Finally,enjoyit.Freedomisyoursand,ifyoucanmakeitwork,thereisnothingbetter.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blissful”inparagraph1mean?A.Pleasant. B.challenging.C.Awful. D.Boring.9.Whatbotheredtheauthorwhenwintercame?A.Thecoldweatherinfluencedherworkingperformance.B.Sheeventuallyrealizedfreelancingwasn’ttohertaste.C.Massesoffreelancingworkbroughthermuchanxiety.D.Shecouldn’tevenearnenoughtomeetdailybasics.10.Accordingtotheauthor,whyshouldwequitforanewjob?A.Toescapefromthecurrentpain. B.Tosatisfyourtemporaryinterests.C.Toexplorewhereourstrengthlies. D.Topursuewhatwereallydesire.11.What’sauthor’sprobableattitudetowardsbecomingfreelancers?A.Critical. B.Favorable. C.Cautious. D.Unclear.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要講述了作者離開了穩(wěn)定的工作，成為了一個自由職業(yè)者，并通過其在離職后經(jīng)歷的困難為那些打算成為自由職業(yè)者的人們提供了自己的建議，并明確支持自由就業(yè)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“IthasbeenfiveyearssinceIleftmystaffjobandbecameself-employed.IremembermyterrorasIwalkedoutoftheofficeforthelasttimeandtheexcitementwhenIsoldmyfirstpiecedayslater.Workingforyourself,settingyourownhoursandbeingresponsibleforyoursuccessorfailureareexciting.Ileftmyjobjustassummerwasstarting,andmyfirstfewmonthswereasblissfulasthefairdays.(自從我離開我的員工工作成為個體戶已經(jīng)五年了。我還記得最后一次走出辦公室時的恐懼，以及幾天后賣出第一件作品時的興奮。為自己工作，設(shè)定自己的時間，對自己的成功或失敗負責(zé)，這些都是令人興奮的。夏天剛開始，我就離開了我的工作，我的頭幾個月就像晴天一樣blissful。)”可知，作者做自由職業(yè)者的初始幾個月是很順利的，因此心情很愉快。blissful意為“快樂的，愉悅的”，與Pleasant意思一致。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whenwintercame,anofficewheresomeoneelsepaidforthecentralheatingandmysalarywasguaranteedseemedattractive.Januaryistoughforfreelancers,anditwasnodifferentforme—aftermassesofwork,Iearnednone.(當(dāng)冬天來臨的時候，一間由別人支付中央供暖費用并保證我的工資的辦公室似乎很有吸引力。一月對于自由職業(yè)者來說是艱難的，對我來說也一樣——在做了大量的工作之后，我一無所獲。)”可知，作者在1月的冬天遭遇了挫折，做了大量的工作之后一無所獲，甚至掙不到足夠的錢來維持供暖這樣的日?；旧铋_支。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Don’tquityourjobforsomethingthatyouthinkmightbemoreinteresting,quititforsomethingyoucan’tstopthinkingabout.(不要因為你認為可能更有趣的事情而辭職，要因為你無法停止思考的事情而辭職。)”可知，作者認為辭職去找一份新工作是因為心中放不下自己想做的事情，即要去追求我們真正渴望的東西。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Finally,enjoyit.Freedomisyoursand,ifyoucanmakeitwork,thereisnothingbetter.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能讓它發(fā)揮作用，那就再好不過了。)”可知，作者對從事自由職業(yè)持支持態(tài)度。故選B。DManyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.Thereasoninggoesthateachofushasa“l(fā)evel”ofempathyand—likeouradultheight—we’restuckthereforlife.Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.Thankfully,thisviewisincomplete.Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.Noemotionisalwaysuseful,andthatgoesforempathyaswell.Thisisespeciallytruefornurses,doctorsandothercaregivers.Theseindividualsaredriventotheirworkbyadeepdesiretohelpothers.Patientsofempatheticdoctorsaremoresatisfiedwiththeircare.However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.Somepsychologists,includingmyself,arenowexploringhowpeopleintheseprofessionsmightempathizeinmoresustainableways.Forexample,empatheticconcern-—feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.Forinstance,peoplewhowereencouragedtohavea“growthmindset”aroundempathy,ascomparedtoafixedmindset,spentmoretimelisteningtothesufferingofsomeoneofanotherraceandmoreenergytowardstryingtounderstandtheopinionsofsomeonefromadifferentpartofthepoliticaldivide.12.Whatviewdomanyphilosophersandpsychologistshaveaboutempathy?A.Itgrowswhenpracticedoften.B.Itisaresultofindividualexperiences.C.Itisinbornanddifficulttodevelop.D.Itvariesdependingonone’supbringing.13.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoctorsdo?A.Developtheiremotionalempathy.B.Trytoerasetheirpatients’concern.C.Carefortheirpatientsasmuchaspossible.D.Workonimprovingtheirempatheticconcern.14.BasedonCarolDweek’sstudiesinwhichsituationarepeoplewillinglyempathetic?A.Iftheybelievethatempathyisflexible.B.Iftheyaregivenenoughattention.C.Iftheylistentotheidenticalpoliticalviews.D.Iftheysufferracialdiscrimination.15.Inwhichunitofatextbookdoesthetextmostlikelyappear?A.Understandingyourselfmore. B.Feelingforothers.C.Exploringgenesandemotions. D.Repairingbrokenrelationships.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，主要講的是與他人共情是一種十分重要的促進人際關(guān)系的能力。然而，長久以來，共情能力被認為是天生的，由基因決定，一成不變。作為一名心理學(xué)家，作者認為，共情能力可以在后天通過多種方式進行培養(yǎng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyphilosophersandpsychologistshavearguedthatempathy(共情)isanaturalcharacteristic,hard-wiredintoourgenesandbrains.(許多哲學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家認為，同理心是一種自然特征，根植于我們的基因和大腦中。)”和“Thisisallwellandgoodifyou’realreadyempathetic,butalsomeansthatifyoustrugglewithempathy,you’llneverimprovenomatterhowhardyoutry.(如果你已經(jīng)有同理心，這一切都很好，但也意味著如果你在同理心方面掙扎，無論你多么努力，你都永遠不會提高。)”可知，許多哲學(xué)家和心理學(xué)家對移情的看法是這是天生的，很難培養(yǎng)。故選C?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,whenhealthcareprofessionalscaretoomuch,theyareathighriskofburnout,tirednessanddepressionfromover-empathizingwithothers’suffering.(然而，當(dāng)醫(yī)療保健專業(yè)人員過于關(guān)心時，他們很有可能因過度同情他人的痛苦而感到倦怠、疲倦和抑郁。)”可知，護士、醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)護人員極有可能因為過度共情他人的痛苦而面臨倦怠、疲勞和抑郁的風(fēng)險。再根據(jù)第四段中的“Forexample,empatheticconcern-feelingforsomeone—isdistantfromemotionalempathy—feelingassomeoneelsedoes.Iftheycandevelopconcerninstead,forexample,theycancarewithoutfallingapart.(例如，移情關(guān)懷——對某人的感覺——與情感移情——像別人一樣的感覺是有距離的。例如，如果他們能培養(yǎng)出關(guān)心，他們就能在不崩潰的情況下關(guān)心他人。)”可知，作者建議醫(yī)護人員努力提高他們的同理心。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“InanothersetofstudiesconductedwithCarolDweek,aStanfordprofessorofpsychology,wefoundthatmerelybelievingempathyisaskillthatcanbedevelopedinspiredpeopletotryharderatit.(在與斯坦福大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授CarolDweek進行的另一組研究中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅相信同理心是一種可以培養(yǎng)的技能，就能激勵人們更加努力地去做這件事。)”可知，如果他們相信同理心是靈活的，人們就會心甘情愿地移情。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Throughtherightpractices,suchasdiversefriendshipsandevenfictionreading,wecangrowourempathyonpurpose.Empathyissomethinglikeamuscle:leftunused,itweakens;puttowork,itgrows.(通過正確的做法，比如不同的友誼，甚至小說閱讀，我們可以有意地培養(yǎng)我們的同理心。同理心就像一塊肌肉：如果不使用，它會變?nèi)?；投入工作，它就會成長。)”可知，文章就同理心展開討論，同理心是一種對他人的情感產(chǎn)生共鳴或表現(xiàn)出共情和同理心的能力，因此本文最可能出現(xiàn)在教科書的對他人的感覺這個單元，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Gettingnegativefeedbackneverfeelsgood.Infact,itprettymuchalwayssucks.Eventhoughitfeelsbad,constructivefeedbackismeanttohelpusgrowandimprove.Herearesomestrategiesthatcanhelpyouusenegativefeedbackconstructively,leadingtopositivechange.____16____Yourinstinctmaybetogetupsetorjustifyyourselfinstantly,butit’simportanttoremainasprofessionalaspossibleinthemoment.Evenwhenyourcriticizerisfactuallywrong,theresponse“You’rewrong!”won’teverbehelpful.Thekeyistolistenwithoutplanningyourreply.Simplynoduntiltheotherpersonhascompletelyfinished.Recognizethegoodintentions.Remember,thepeoplewhowillgiveyoutoughfeedbackarethepeoplewhoreallycareaboutyoursuccess.Peoplewhotellyouonlywhattheyknowyouwanttoheardon’treallycareaboutyou.____17____Don’tletitharmyourconfidence.Whateveryoudo,don’tallownegativefeedbacktodestroyyourself-esteem.____18____Whateverwentwrongwon’tdefineyouforeverifyouapplythefeedbackconstructivelyanduseittoyouradvantage.Practiceself-affirmation.____19____Itcanbehelpfultoremindyourselfofotheraspectsofyouridentitythatarenotinquestiontoboostyourconfidence.Forexample,youcouldsay:“Yes,myteamthinksI’mamicromanager,butIcanworkonthat,Iamalsoanicepartner,committedvolunteerandtalentedsinger.’’Setactionablegoals.Itcanbehelpfultobreakdownthefeedbackintospecific,actionablegoals.____20____Settimetooutlineanactionplanandtimelineforeachofthesegoals.Withthis,youcankeeptrackofyourprogressandholdyourselfaccountabletoyourgoals.Thoughnegativefeedbackmaybedisheartening,takethenecessarystepstobecomeanevenbetterversionofyourself.A.Avoidreactingdefensively.B.Don’ttakethefeedbackpersonally.C.Thesecanfeeleasiertoworkwithandgiveyoudirection.D.Youdon’thavetoapplyeverypieceoffeedbackyoureceive.E.Negativefeedbackcansometimesmakeyoufeellikeafailure.F.It’salmostimpossibletoconsistentlydoeverythingrightallthetime.G.Soinsteadofreactingnegatively,thankthosecaringaboutyoutogiveyouhonestfeedback.〖答案〗16.A17.G18.F19.E20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些幫助你建設(shè)性地利用負面反饋，導(dǎo)致積極的變化的策略?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Yourinstinctmaybetogetupsetorjustifyyourselfinstantly,butit’simportanttoremainasprofessionalaspossibleinthemoment.Evenwhenyourcriticizerisfactuallywrong,theresponse“You’rewrong!”won’teverbehelpful.Thekeyistolistenwithoutplanningyourreply.Simplynoduntiltheotherpersonhascompletelyfinished.(你的本能可能會讓你心煩意亂，或者立刻為自己辯護，但在那一刻盡可能保持專業(yè)是很重要的。即使批評你的人實際上是錯的，“你錯了!”這句話不會有任何幫助。關(guān)鍵是傾聽而不是計劃你的回答。只要點頭，直到對方完全說完)”可知，本段的主旨是避免在收到批評時，立刻為自己辯護，即防御性反應(yīng)。故A選項“避免防御性的反應(yīng)”符合語境，故選A。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Recognizethegoodintentions.Remember,thepeoplewhowillgiveyoutoughfeedbackarethepeoplewhoreallycareaboutyoursuccess.Peoplewhotellyouonlywhattheyknowyouwanttoheardon’treallycareaboutyou.(認識到良好的意圖。記住，給你嚴(yán)厲反饋的人是真正關(guān)心你成功的人。那些只告訴你他們知道你想聽的話的人并不是真的關(guān)心你)”可知，上文提到了給你嚴(yán)厲反饋的人是真正關(guān)心你的人，故本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出應(yīng)該感謝這些人。故G選項“所以，與其消極地回應(yīng)，不如感謝那些關(guān)心你的人給你誠實的反饋”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Don’tletitharmyourconfidence.Whateveryoudo,don’tallownegativefeedbacktodestroyyourself-esteem.(不要讓它傷害你的信心。無論你做什么，都不要讓負面的反饋毀掉你的自尊)”以及后文“Whateverwentwrongwon’tdefineyouforeverifyouapplythefeedbackconstructivelyanduseittoyouradvantage.(如果你建設(shè)性地運用反饋并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為你的優(yōu)勢，那么無論什么錯誤都不會永遠定義你)”可知，上文提到了無論做什么，都不要讓負面反饋毀掉你的自尊，故本句說明負面反饋時有發(fā)生，故F選項“始終如一地做好每件事幾乎是不可能的”符合語境，故選F。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Practiceself-affirmation.(實踐自我肯定)”以及后文“Itcanbehelpfultoremindyourselfofotheraspectsofyouridentitythatarenotinquestiontoboostyourconfidence.Forexample,youcouldsay:“Yes,myteamthinksI’mamicromanager,butIcanworkonthat,Iamalsoanicepartner,committedvolunteerandtalentedsinger.’’(提醒自己其他沒有問題的方面會對增強自信很有幫助。例如，你可以說：“是的，我的團隊認為我是一個微觀管理者，但我可以改進，我也是一個很好的合作伙伴，忠誠的志愿者和有才華的歌手?！?”可知，后文主要說明了從其他方面肯定自己的能力，可推測本句是在說明負面反饋帶來的負面影響。故E選項“負面反饋有時會讓你覺得自己很失敗”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Setactionablegoals.Itcanbehelpfultobreakdownthefeedbackintospecific,actionablegoals.(設(shè)定可行的目標(biāo)。將反饋分解成具體的、可操作的目標(biāo)是很有幫助的)”可知，本句承接上文，說明設(shè)定目標(biāo)的作用，C選項中These指代上文goals。故C選項“他們會讓你感覺更容易相處，給你指明方向”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EveryChristmas,mymomwouldfillourstockingswithsmalltoysandcandies.Attheverytipofthestocking,thevery____21____thingthatwewouldpulloutwasanorange.Foryears,Ihatedthetradition.Itwas____22____topullanorangeoutofmy____23____afteruncoveringsomanyfunanddelicioustreats.Anorangewasn’tspecial.Icouldeatoneanytimeoftheyear,anditwasjust____24____roomthatcouldhavebeenfilledwithmorecandy.WhenIwasthirteen,I____25____askedmymotherwhysheputorangesinourstockings.She____26____mygrandfatherhadgrownupverypoor.Hisfatherhadabraintumorthatlefthimblindand____27____towork,sohismotherreliedon____28____fromthechurchtotakecareofhersevenchildren.EveryChristmas,alocalchurchdonatedabasketoffruittotheirfamily.Thiswasmygrandfather’sfavoritedayoftheyearbecauseitwastheonlydaywhenhecouldeatfreshfruit.Theorangeswerehisfavoritebecausethey____29____likesunshine.Whenhegrewup,healways_____30_____tohaveabowloforangesaroundatChristmastimesohecould_____31_____hisfavoriteChristmasmemorywithhischildren.Whenmymomfinishedtellingthestory,Ifelt_____32_____.Inmyrushtocollectasmuchcandyaspossible,Ihad_____33_____tobegrateful.Nowtheorangeatthebottomofmystockingisa_____34_____tobegratefulforthebeautifulChristmasesthatmyparentsgavemeandforthehardworktheydidthatensuredIcouldhavea（n）_____35_____anydayoftheyear.21.A.best B.last C.first D.fast22.A.disappointing B.amazing C.appealing D.frightening23.A.room B.bag C.stocking D.pocket24.A.blowingup B.buildingup C.takingup D.holdingup25.A.initially B.joyfully C.casually D.eventually26.A.commented B.described C.explained D.imagined27.A.unwilling B.unable C.qualified D.ambitious28.A.contributions B.inventions C.pensions D.donations29.A.tasted B.looked C.touched D.felt30.A.settleddown B.spokeup C.madesure D.turnedup31.A.share B.exchange C.appreciate D.discuss32.A.anxious B.ashamed C.delighted D.excited33.A.forgotten B.expected C.continued D.agreed34.A.ceremony B.tradition C.reminder D.memory35.A.party B.festival C.gift D.orange〖答案〗21.B22.A23.