安徽省合肥市高三下學期最后一卷英語試題

合肥一六八中學2024屆高三最后一卷英語試題本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1．答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhatwillSandydoontheweekend?A．Workonherpaper.B．Gopicnicking.C．Collectdataforherplan.2．Whatwasthenormalpriceofthescarf?A．$15．B．$30．C．$50．3．WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSunday?A．Attendawedding.B．Pickupafriend.C．Visitanexhibition.4．WhendoesthepostofficecloseonSaturdays?A．At1:30p.m.B．At3:30p.m.C．At4:30p.m.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inabookstore.B．Inaclassroom.C．Atahotel.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhatdoweknowaboutSandra?A．Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.B．Sheprefersaroomofherown.C．Shelivesjustinthedowntown.7．Whatisgoodabouttheapartment?A．Ithasalargesittingroom.B．Ithasalotofnewfurniture.C．Ithasawellequippedkitchen.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WherehasLindabeen?A．Mumbai.B．NewDelhi.C．Calcutta.9．WhathasLindagotinhersuitcase?A．Books.B．Shoes.C．Stones.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10．WhatisJackLewisdoingnow?A．Heissightseeing.B．Heisonbusiness.C．Heischairingameeting.11．WhatpossiblerelationisthewomantoMr.Lewis?A．Hiswife.B．Hisboss.C．Hissecretary.12．Whatisthemessageabout?A．Abusinessconference.B．AvisittoLiverpool.C．Thedateforatrip.13．Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A．Signanagreement.B．Confirmameeting.C．Decidetheproject.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhendidDorothyhandinthereport?A．OnDecember1st.B．OnDecember3rd.C．OnDecember5th.15．WhydidProfessorScottreturnDorothy’sreport?A．Itwaslateforthedeadline.B．Itlackedsomekeyinformation.C．Itfocusedjustonthecoffeebrand.16．WhatisthemostimportanttoLuckin’ssuccess?A．Thetasteofitscoffee.B．ItsallroundserviceC．Itsscientificmanagement.17．WhatdoestheprofessoradviseDorothytodo?A．Toleaveoutsomefigures.B．Tochangeanewtopic.C．Todomoreresearch.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhatkindofEnglishlessonsdoesthespeakerremend?A．Listeningandspeaking.B．Readingandwriting.C．Examinationskills.19．Whatismentionedasanadvantageofthespeaker’sonlinecourse?A．Itimproveslearners’Englishskillsquickly.B．Ithelpstomakefriendswithforeigners.C．Itofferslearnersbetterstudymethods.20．What’sthespeaker’sideaaboutlearningEnglish?A．Beingconfidentinlearning.B．Havingclearlearninggoals.C．LearningEnglishlittlebylittle.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASentryMead,IsleofWightSentryMeadisanidealdestinationwithninebeautifullydecoratedbedrooms.Theattentiontodetailisexceptional.Hence,eachroomenjoysitsownuniqueness.Andguestsdelightinfeaturessuchaspilesofbooks,homemadecupcakes,chocolatesandapillowmenu.Dogsareweledandareallowedeverywhereexceptthediningroom.Besideswalksandtreats,thereareblanketsforthemtoo.TheHalfwayBridge,WestSussexTheHalfwayBridge,awelingvillagepubwithrooms,isoriented(指向的)towardsrurallife,famousforitsdeliciouslocalandfreshfood—theirburgersareparticularlypopular.Roomsareinasinglestoryblockbehindthepub,andoffercontemporaryruralstyle.Dogscanstayinselectroomswithgardenaccess.Treatsforfourleggedfriendsareavailableinthelounge(大廳)andbarandthere’salwaysawaterbowltohand.TheFalcondale,WalesTheFalcondaleisaromanticdestination.Stayinavalleyviewroomandenjoytheteapot.coffeepotandshortbreadavailableinallrooms.Dogsnotonlyenjoythelandscape,butcansitwithyouinpartoftherestaurant.There’saluxuryCanineRetreatpackageavailable.Bowls,blankets,towels,messbags,leads,atorchandanoutdoortapareprovided,aswellastreats,atemperaturecontrolleddogbathandadogdiningmenu.TheTraddock,AustwickTheplacetogoforwalking,especiallyifyouchoosetobringthedogwithyou.TheTraddockisawelecountryhouseintheYorkshireDalesnationalpark.Homelyandwarm,roomsaredecoratedinfortingstylebutwithaclearsenseofluxurytoo.Locallysourcedfoodalwaystakescenterstage.Thepersonalweleextendstofourleggedfriendswhowilllovethemanysurroundingwalksandthepeacefulgarden.Afteradayoutdoors,theycanrelaxintheloungeandbar.1.WhatisspecialaboutSentryMead?A.Itwelesdogs. B.Itisdetailfocused.C.Ithasluxuryrooms. D.Ithasfinedecorations.2.WhyistheCanineRetreatpackageoffered?A.Tohavedogsexamined. B.Tocreateadatabaseofdogs.C.Totakegoodcareofdogs. D.Topromotesomedogfood.3.Whatdothehotelshaveinmon?A.Theyaredogfriendly. B.Theyareinthedowntown.C.Theyhaveruralscenery. D.Theyhavedogshelters.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾處允許帶狗入住的旅游目的地。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SentryMead,IsleofWight標題下的“Theattentiontodetailisexceptional.Hence,eachroomenjoysitsownuniqueness.(對細節(jié)的關(guān)注是非同尋常的。因此，每個房間都有自己的獨特之處)”可知，SentryMead的獨特之處在于它注重細節(jié)。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFalcondale,Wales標題下的“There’saluxuryCanineRetreatpackageavailable.Bowls,blankets,towels,messbags,leads,atorchandanoutdoortapareprovided,aswellastreats,atemperaturecontrolleddogbathandadogdiningmenu.(有豪華的犬類療養(yǎng)套餐可供選擇。酒店提供碗、毯子、毛巾、餐袋、引線、手電筒和戶外水龍頭，以及零食、溫控狗棒和狗餐菜單)”可知，CanineRetreatpackage能夠很好的照顧狗狗們。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SentryMead,IsleofWight標題下的“ Dogsareweledandareallowedeverywhereexceptthediningroom.

(狗是受歡迎的，除了餐廳外，其他地方都允許養(yǎng)狗)”, TheHalfwayBridge,WestSussex標題下的“Dogscanstayinselectroomswithgardenaccess.(狗狗可以入住帶花園的精選客房)”, TheFalcondale,Wales標題下的“Dogsnotonlyenjoythelandscape,butcansitwithyouinpartoftherestaurant.

(狗狗不僅可以欣賞風景，還可以和你一起坐在餐廳的一部分)”以及“Theplacetogoforwalking,especiallyifyouchoosetobringthedogwithyou.

(散步的地方，尤其是如果你選擇帶狗的話)”可知，這四處旅游目的地的共同之處是都可帶狗入住，對狗狗很友好。故選A。BColorado’sGraysPeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardsthetop,thoughthereareplentyofbushes,rocks,etc.ItwasinthisunforgivingplacethatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveabitterexperience.ItwasAugust2018,andWedelsted,56,wasonherwaybackdownthetrail(小路)withthreefriends.Astormwasupon,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedthatinsteadofshakingdownonherhip—thesafewaytogo—shewouldleap.Thenshelandedonherleftlegandheardasnap(劈啪聲).Everystepafterthatwaspainful.Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpherdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman’scarry?”Beforesheknewit,heliftedheroverhisshoulder.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendsfollowed.Threehoursandtwomountainousmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymettheambulancemen,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.NowWedelstedthasmostlyrecoveredfromherillfatedhike,butsheknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.I’mstillinawenow,”shesaid.4.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tocallonreaderstohaveatripthere.B.TointroducethesceneryofGraysPeak.C.Toshowthedifficultsituationforhikers.D.TodescribeWedelstedt’sfavoritetravel.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Walkingdowntherockymountain.B.SupportingWedelstedttowalk.C.Leapingfromthemountaintop.D.KeepingWedelstedtonthetrail.6.HowdidstrangershelpWedelstedt?A.Bygivingherencouragement. B.Bysupportingheronbothsides.C.Byfollowingheralltheway. D.Bycarryingherbyturns.7.WhatdoesWedelstedtwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Sheisstillscarednowadays. B.Shewillforgetthesadevent.C.Shehasafreshgoodmemory. D.Sheisrespectfultothestrangers.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Wedelstedt在下山時不幸傷到了她左腿，得到一群陌生人的幫助，她的朋友以及其他的登山客組成一條“人肉”傳送帶，用接力的方式將她背下山的故事，這使得Wedelstedt終生難忘他們的幫助。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段“Colorado’sGraysPeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardsthetop,thoughthereareplentyofbushes,rocks,etc.ItwasinthisunforgivingplacethatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtohaveabitterexperience.(科羅拉多州的格雷斯峰海拔14278英尺，高到樹木無法向頂部生長，盡管那里有很多灌木、巖石等。正是在這個無情的地方，BevWedelstedt不幸經(jīng)歷了一次痛苦的經(jīng)歷)”和第二段中“Thenshelandedonherleftlegandheardasnap(劈啪聲).(然后她左腿著地，聽到啪的一聲)”Wedelstedt受傷可知，談及第一段是為了展示科羅拉多州的格雷斯峰對徒步旅行者來說存在的艱難處境。故選C項。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段中“Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpherdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.(當一個朋友跑下來尋求幫助時，其他一些徒步旅行者，都是陌生人，試圖幫助她沿著狹窄的小路走下去，在她兩側(cè)行走以支撐她的體重，但事實證明，that既緩慢又危險)”可知，that指代上文已提到的內(nèi)容，上文講到其他人試圖攙扶著她下山，可得出that指代“支撐Wedelstedt行走”。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“Beforesheknewit,heliftedheroverhisshoulder.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendsfollowed.Threehoursandtwomountainousmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymettheambulancemen,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.(在她意識到這一點之前，馬特已把她抱在自己肩上。馬特顯然不能一個人把她抱下去。于是，六名徒步旅行者和她的一個朋友緊隨其后。三個小時零兩英里后，這條人類傳送帶終于遇到了救護人員，救護人員將Wedelstedt送往醫(yī)院)”可知，陌生人通過輪流抱著Wedelstedt下山來幫助她。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中“butsheknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.I’mstillinawenow,”shesaid.(但她知道，從那一天起，她永遠不會動搖一件事：對前來營救她的一群陌生人的記憶。她說：“我告訴他們我想見見很多人，但這不是我想要的方式。我仍然很欽佩?！?”可知，Wedelstedt終生難忘陌生人的幫助，對他們表示尊敬。故選D項。COnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.Thegoal?Togetelectedofficialsandindustryleaderstoactuallyacttostoptheingdisaster.Climatechangeposesaterriblethreattohumanity,andpoliticiansaren’tdoingenoughtofindsolutions,protestorganizerswroteontheGlobalClimateStrikewebsite.Greenhousegasemissions(排放)areaprimarydriverofglobalwarming,butleadershavebeenirresoluteaboutabandoningfossilfuels,evenasglobaltemperaturescontinuetoclimb.Strikesandprotestsbystudentsinmorethan2,500locationsaimtoshowthattheyoungergenerationswon’tstandeasilybywhiletheirfuture—andtheirplanet—hanginthebalance.Thestrikefollowsasummerofextremeweatherlinkedtoclimatechange:strangeglobalheatwaves,wildfiresandicelossfromglaciers(冰川).InJuly,threestudiesfoundthattheglobalclimateischangingmorequicklythanithasinthepast2,000years.SixteenyearoldSwedishclimateactivistGretaThunberg,whoiscurrentlyvisitingNewYorkCity,isoneofthestrike’skeyorganizers.ThunbergwillspeakataFridaydemonstrationatFoleySquarethereat12p.m.localtime,afterwhichprotesterswillmarchtoBatteryPark.ThunbergwillalsoaddresstheUNClimateActionSummitonSeptember23.Theemergencymeetingisbeingorganizedsothatworldleaderscanpresent“concrete,realisticplans”forreducinggreenhousegasemissions,withthegoalofreachingzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtoaUNstatement.ThousandsofprotestsareplannedforFriday—justthreedayspriortothesummit—andcollectively,theywillbethebiggestclimateactioninhistory.8.Whywillstudentsgathertogether?A.Tomaketheirvoiceheardbyleaders.B.Tocallonmovestoprotecttheearth.C.Tocelebratethenewlyelectedofficials.D.Toorganizeabigprotestforcivilrights.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“irresolute”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Hesitant. B.Concerned. C.Decisive. D.Thoughtful.10.WhatisthegoaloftheSeptember23meeting?A.Electingnewleadersofthesummit.B.ReorganizingtheUNdepartment.C.Reachingzeroemissionsby2050.D.Protectingthewholehumanbeings.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GlobalStudentsMobilizeforClimateActionB.WhyNotJointheStudentsforaNewPlanet?C.OrganizeaClimateTalkfortheOnlyEarthD.ANewStrikeWillBeStagedWorldwide【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了周五世界各地的學生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機，呼吁全球政府采取氣候行動措施的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“OnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.Thegoal?Togetelectedofficialsandindustryleaderstoactuallyacttostoptheingdisaster.(周五，世界各地的學生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機。目標？讓民選官員和行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖切實采取行動，阻止即將到來的災難)”可知，學生將聚集在一起，是因為他們想通過抗議來呼吁民選官員和行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖采取行動保護地球。故選B項。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第二段中“Greenhousegasemissions(排放)areaprimarydriverofglobalwarming,butleadershavebeenirresoluteaboutabandoningfossilfuels,evenasglobaltemperaturescontinuetoclimb.(溫室氣體排放是全球變暖的主要驅(qū)動因素，但盡管全球氣溫持續(xù)攀升，各國領(lǐng)導人仍對放棄化石燃料irresolute)”和常識可知，人類依舊在使用煤、石油、天然氣等化石燃料，可得出各國領(lǐng)導人仍對放棄化石燃料猶豫不決，劃線詞意為“猶豫的（Hesitant）”。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“ThunbergwillalsoaddresstheUNClimateActionSummitonSeptember23.Theemergencymeetingisbeingorganizedsothatworldleaderscanpresent“concrete,realisticplans”forreducinggreenhousegasemissions,withthegoalofreachingzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtoaUNstatement.(桑伯格還將于9月23日在聯(lián)合國氣候行動峰會上發(fā)表講話。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的一份聲明，正在組織緊急會議，以便世界領(lǐng)導人能夠提出減少溫室氣體排放的“具體、現(xiàn)實的計劃”，目標是到2050年實現(xiàn)零排放)”可知，9月23日會議的目標是到2050年實現(xiàn)零排放。故選C項。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段中“OnFriday,studentsaroundtheworldwillwalkoutoftheirclassroomsandgatherinjointproteststohighlighttheglobalcrisiscreatedbyclimatechange.(周五，世界各地的學生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機)”，第三段中“Strikesandprotestsbystudentsinmorethan2,500locationsaimtoshowthattheyoungergenerationswon’tstandeasilybywhiletheirfuture—andtheirplanet—hanginthebalance.(2500多個地點的學生罷課和抗議旨在表明，當他們的未來和地球懸而未決時，年輕一代不會輕易袖手旁觀)”和其它段落可知，文章講述了周五世界各地的學生將走出教室，聚集在一起舉行聯(lián)合抗議活動，以突顯氣候變化造成的全球危機，呼吁全球政府采取氣候行動措施的故事，A項“全球?qū)W生動員起來采取氣候行動”符合文意。故選A項。DFollowingasustainablediet,alsoknownasa“planetaryhealthdiet”,includeswholegrains,fruits,nuts,greenvegetables,andoliveoil,canbeawinwinforyourhealthandtheplanet,accordingtoanewresearch.ThenewresearchconductedbyscientistsfromtheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealthhasrevealedthatpeoplewhoeatmoreenvironmentallysustainablefoodhavea25percentlowerriskofmortality(死亡)paredtothosewithalesssustainablediet,likeeggs,theredandprocessedmeat.Thefindingsshowthattheparticipantswithagoodplanetaryhealthdiethadareducedriskofallcausesofdeathmeasuredinthestudy.Thestudyinvolvedover100,000participantsintheUSA,witha30yearcheckupperiod.AccordingtoLinhBui,thePhDcandidateatHarvard,theresearchteamintegrateddataonthehealthoutesofspecificfoodsandtheirenvironmentalimpact,creatingaPlanetaryHealthDietIndex(指數(shù)),andgavetheparticipantsscoresbasedontheirdiets.Usingthis,theyassessedtherelationshipbetweenthescoresandtheparticipants’healthoutes.“Theresultsconfirmedourprevioushypothesis(假設(shè))thatahigherPlanetaryHealthDietscorewasassociatedwithalowerriskofdeath,”saidBui.ThepeoplewiththehighestPlanetaryHealthIndexscoreshada25percentloweroverallriskofdeaththanthosewiththelowestscores.Theenvironmentalimpactofthefoodswasevaluatedbyfactorssuchaswateruse,landuse,package,pollution,andgreenhousegasemissions.Theresearchershopethattheecoindexcanbeusedasasimpletoolforpolicymakersandpublichealthservicestoimprovehumanhealthandtackletheclimatecrisis.However,theyacknowledgethattheindexdoesnottakeintoaccountcertainchallengesthatpeoplemayhaveinfollowingasustainablediet,suchashealthconditionsofthesubjectsandwhatculturestheyefrom.Theyhopethatfurtherresearchwilladdressthesebarriers,aswellasrelationshipsbetweenfoodsanddiseasestailoredtoparticularcountries.12Whatdidthenewresearchfindaboutasustainablediet?A.Itisadoubleedgedsword.B.Itcanreducetheriskofdeath.C.Itismainlyposedofgreens.D.Itislessfriendlytotheenvironment.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theapproachesadoptedinthestudy.B.Newconfirmationabouttheresults.C.Supportingevidenceforthetheory.D.Potentialbenefitsoftheresearch.14.Howwastheenvironmentalimpactofthefoodsdetermined?A.Byanalyzingtheirelements. B.Bymeasuringtheirnutrition.C.Byexaminingtheirpackaging. D.Byassessingtheirecofootprint.15.Whatmightfurtherresearchaimtodealwith?A.Individualpreferences.B.Prospectivefoodaccess.C.Culturebasedhealthyfood.D.Sustainablefoodalternatives.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。一項新的研究表明，遵循可持續(xù)飲食，也被稱為“全球健康飲食”對你的健康和地球都是雙贏的。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“ThenewresearchconductedbyscientistsfromtheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealthhasrevealedthatpeoplewhoeatmoreenvironmentallysustainablefoodhavea25percentlowerriskofmortality(死亡)paredtothosewithalesssustainablediet,likeeggs,theredandprocessedmeat.Thefindingsshowthattheparticipantswithagoodplanetaryhealthdiethadareducedriskofallcausesofdeathmeasuredinthestudy.(哈佛大學公共衛(wèi)生學院的科學家進行的一項新研究顯示，與那些吃雞蛋、紅肉和加工肉等不太可持續(xù)飲食的人相比，吃更環(huán)保的食物的人死亡風險降低了25%。研究結(jié)果表明，在研究中測量的所有死因中，擁有良好的行星健康飲食的參與者的風險都降低了。)”可知，可持續(xù)的飲食可以降低死亡風險。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Thestudyinvolvedover100,000participantsintheUSA,witha30yearcheckupperiod.AccordingtoLinhBui,thePhDcandidateatHarvard,theresearchteamintegrateddataonthehealthoutesofspecificfoodsandtheirenvironmentalimpact,creatingaPlanetaryHealthDietIndex(指數(shù)),andgavetheparticipantsscoresbasedontheirdiets.Usingthis,theyassessedtherelationshipbetweenthescoresandtheparticipants’healthoutes.(這項研究涉及美國超過10萬名參與者，為期30年檢查期。哈佛大學博士生LinhBui表示，研究團隊整合了特定食物的健康結(jié)果及其對環(huán)境的影響的數(shù)據(jù)，創(chuàng)建了行星健康飲食指數(shù)，并根據(jù)參與者的飲食給他們打分。利用這一點，他們評估了分數(shù)與參與者健康結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系。)”可知，第3段主要介紹了研究中采用的方法。故選A項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Theenvironmentalimpactofthefoodswasevaluatedbyfactorssuchaswateruse,landuse,package,pollution,andgreenhousegasemissions.Theresearchershopethattheecoindexcanbeusedasasimpletoolforpolicymakersandpublichealthservicestoimprovehumanhealthandtackletheclimatecrisis.(通過用水、土地利用、包裝、污染和溫室氣體排放等因素來評估食品對環(huán)境的影響。研究人員希望，生態(tài)指數(shù)可以作為政策制定者和公共衛(wèi)生服務部門改善人類健康和應對氣候危機的簡單工具。)”可知，食物對環(huán)境的影響是通過評估其生態(tài)足跡來確定的。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“However,theyacknowledgethattheindexdoesnottakeintoaccountcertainchallengesthatpeoplemayhaveinfollowingasustainablediet,suchashealthconditionsofthesubjectsandwhatculturestheyefrom.Theyhopethatfurtherresearchwilladdressthesebarriers,aswellasrelationshipsbetweenfoodsanddiseasestailoredtoparticularcountries.(然而，他們承認，該指數(shù)沒有考慮到人們在遵循可持續(xù)飲食方面可能面臨的某些挑戰(zhàn)，例如受試者的健康狀況以及他們來自什么文化。他們希望進一步的研究能夠解決這些障礙，以及針對特定國家的食品和疾病之間的關(guān)系。)”可知，進一步的研究旨在處理基于文化的健康食品。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Panicattackscauseasuddenintensefearwhennodangerispresentorthereisnoidentifiabletrigger(誘因).Thisfearactivatesthebody’semergencysystem,causingthephysicalfightorflightreactions.____16____Learntobeflexible.IfyouaresittingonthecouchwatchingTVandyoustarttofeelapanicattack,don’tcontinuetositthereandthinkaboutit.Getupanddosomethingelse!Leaveyourdeskandapplysomecoldwatertoyourface.Callafriend.Orjustleavethehousetogetsomefreshair.____17____Workout.Whenfeelingpanic,itcanbeeffectivetomatchtheintensityoftheanxietywithphysicalexercise.Justgooutside,walkenergeticallyaroundtheblock,orwalkupanddownthestairsuntilthefeelingpasses.Gentleexerciseislesseffectivewhileintenseexercisecanmakeitdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.____18____Peopletendtotensetheirmuscleswhenhavinganxietyandpanic.Breatheproperly.____19____Naturally,peoplemaybreathedeeperandthenmakethesituationworse.Sodoitslowlythroughyournosebypushingyourabdomen(腹部)outfor57seconds.Holdyourbreathforafewsecondsandthenbreatheitoutthroughyourmouthslowly.____20____Picksomethingobjectiveandstudyitdeeply,Thendescribeeverydetailofit.Whenyoufinishoneitem,moveontodescribeotheritems.Forexample,Whatistheleaflike?Doesithavesmoothedges?Whatisitscolor?Aresomenewleavesingout?Thisexercisecanhelpbringyoubacktothemomentandawayfromfocusingonphysicalsensations.A.Shiftyourfocus.B.Enhancemusclebuilding.C.Incorrectbreathingcanleadtoshortnessofbreath.D.Physicalexercisecanalsohelpyourmusclesrelax.E.Ifnotcontrolled,theycanbeterrifyingandlifechanging.F.Sousethesetoolstomeasureitwhenapanicattackstarts.G.Inaword,don’tremaininthesameenvironmentwheneverpossible.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了應對恐慌發(fā)作的方法：保持靈活性以轉(zhuǎn)移注意力、進行體力鍛煉減輕焦慮、正確呼吸避免呼吸急促、轉(zhuǎn)移焦點至外界事物以恢復當下的感知，幫助控制恐慌發(fā)作并緩解其影響?！?6題詳解】上文“Thisfearactivatesthebody’semergencysystem,causingthephysicalfightorflightreactions.

(這種恐懼會激活身體的應急系統(tǒng)，引發(fā)生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應)”說明恐懼會引發(fā)身體的應急系統(tǒng)，從而導致生理上的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應。空處總結(jié)前文，說明這樣會產(chǎn)生的后果。E項“Ifnotcontrolled,theycanbeterrifyingandlifechanging.(如果不加以控制，它們會變得可怕，甚至改變你的生活)”承接上文，說明如果恐慌發(fā)作所造成的應激反應如果不得到控制可能會帶來的危害；選項中的代詞“they”指代前文中的“physicalfightorflightreactions”，由此可知，E項符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】上文“IfyouaresittingonthecouchwatchingTVandyoustarttofeelapanicattack.don’tcontinuetositthereandthinkaboutit.Getupanddosomethingelse!Leaveyourdeskandapplysomecoldwatertoyourface.Callafriend.Orjustleavethehousetogetsomefreshair.

(如果你坐在沙發(fā)上看電視，你開始感到恐慌。別再坐在那里想了。起來做點別的吧！離開你的桌子，在臉上涂些冷水。打給朋友?；蛘吒纱嚯x開家去呼吸新鮮空氣)”說明在感到恐慌時采取行動，比如離開沙發(fā)去做其他事情、洗臉、給朋友打或出門透氣?？仗幙偨Y(jié)前文，說明要靈活的面對各種帶給我們恐懼的環(huán)境。G項“Inaword,don’tremaininthesameenvironmentwheneverpossible.(總之，盡可能不要呆在同一個環(huán)境中)”符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】上文“Justgooutside,walkenergeticallyaroundtheblock,orwalkupanddownthestairsuntilthefeelingpasses.Gentleexerciseislesseffectivewhileintenseexercisecanmakeitdifficulttothinkaboutanythingelse.(只要走出去，精力充沛地在街區(qū)里走來走去，或者上下樓梯，直到這種感覺過去。溫和的運動效果較差，而劇烈的運動會讓人很難思考其他事情)”說明運動能夠緩解恐懼?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，D項中的“Physicalexercise”和主題句“Workout”相呼應，“helpyourmusclesrelax”和下文中的“tendtotensetheirmuscles”相呼應，說明體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松，因為當人們感到焦慮和恐慌時，往往會使肌肉緊張。所以D項“Physicalexercisecanalsohelpyourmusclesrelax.(體育鍛煉也可以幫助你的肌肉放松)”符合語境。故選D。【19題詳解】下文“Naturally,peoplemaybreathedeeperandthenmakethesituationworse.(自然，人們可能會深呼吸，然后使情況變得更糟)”說明人們可能出現(xiàn)不正確的呼吸方式?？仗幨菍Σ徽_呼吸后果的說明，與接下來的呼吸指導相契合。所以C項“Incorrectbreathingcanleadtoshortnessofbreath.(不正確的呼吸會導致呼吸急促)”符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處為小標題；根據(jù)下文“Picksomethingobjectiveandstudyitdeeply,Thendescribeeverydetailofit.Whenyoufinishoneitem,moveontodescribeotheritems.

(挑選一些客觀的東西并深入研究，然后描述它的每一個細節(jié)。完成一個項目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項目)

”以及“Thisexercisecanhelpbringyoubacktothemomentandawayfromfocusingonphysicalsensations.(這個練習可以幫助你回到當下，遠離對身體感覺的關(guān)注。)”可知本段建議轉(zhuǎn)移注意力，可以選擇一個客觀物體進行深入觀察并描述細節(jié)，完成一個項目后，繼續(xù)描述其他項目，以此來引導思維遠離身體感受；所以A項“Shiftyourfocus.(轉(zhuǎn)移你的注意力)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作本段的小標題。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Severalyearsago,Iwasbrokeandhomeless.OnedaywhenI____21____astore,awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme.Thoughitwasbroaddaylight,Iwas____22____aboutitwhenIwalkedover.Shesaidshewasunabletomoveand____23____metopurchaseanXbox,agame,forherasherson’sChristmasgift.Shegavemesome____24____andhercreditcard.Iwalkedbackinandboughtonewithhercard—hercashwas____25____forit.Thenitoccurredtomewhyaplete____26____trustedme.“WhatifIjust____27____hercash?Howcouldshepossiblyputsomuch____28____insomeone?”Ihandedallherstuffback,____29____Ihadtopaybyhercard.Withmistyeyes,shesaid,“Justfromglancingatyou,Iknowyouarea____30____friendtosomeoneinneed.Youhaveafaceofa(n)____31____!”Shethenhandedme$20．saying“MerryChristmas!”anddrivingaway.Shehadnoideahowmuchofa____32____even$20made.Iwasabletobuyafew____33____groceriesfortheweekandthatcanreallymakea____34____timeinmylifealittlebetter.ShemaythinkIhelpedher,butI____35____feelliketheonewhowasbeinggiftedsomethingamazing.21.A.entered B.approached C.saw D.exited22.A.shy B.crazy C.disappointed D.excited23.A.ordered B.encouraged C.begged D.allowed24A.advice B.confidence C.food D.cash25.A.insufficient B.irresponsible C.abnormal D.unnecessary26.A.newer B.stranger C.mother D.driver27.A.owed B.loaned C.pocketed D.lost28.A.imagination B.faith C.honor D.strength29.A.requesting B.thinking C.suggesting D.explaining30.A.powerful B.wealthy C.trusty D.reasonable31.A.angel B.owner C.magician D.artist32.A.deal B.difference C.wish D.profit33.A.fresh B.similar C.cheap D.favorite34.A.long B.different C.new D.tough35.A.truly B.naturally C.proudly D.secretly【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者幫助一位行動不便的陌生女士購物的經(jīng)歷，展現(xiàn)了陌生人之間的相互信任和關(guān)愛?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，當我走出一家商店時，外面停著的一輛車里的一位女士叫我。A.entered進入；B.approached接近；C.saw看見；D.exited出去。根據(jù)下文“awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme”可知，外面一輛車里有一位女士叫住了作者，所以作者是從商店走了出去。故選D。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然是大白天，但當我走過去時還是對此感到有些害羞。A.shy害羞的；B.crazy瘋狂的；C.disappointed失望的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)上文“

awomaninacarparkedoutsidecalledme”可知，外面一輛車里有一位女士叫住了作者，作者并不認識這個女士，所以當一個陌生人叫住作者時，作者感覺有點不好意思或者害羞。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她說她無法動彈，請求我為她買一個Xbox游戲機作為她兒子的圣誕禮物。A.ordered命令；B.encouraged鼓勵；C.begged乞求；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)上文“Shesaidshewasunabletomove”可知，女士因為行動不便，無法給兒子買禮物，所以她請求作者幫助她。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她給了我一些現(xiàn)金和她的信用卡。A.advice建議；B.confidence信心；C.food食物；D.cash現(xiàn)金。根據(jù)下文“I