2024年高考英語(yǔ)仿真模擬卷01全解全析（新高考Ⅰ卷）

2024高考仿真模擬卷01英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的考生號(hào)、姓名、考點(diǎn)學(xué)校、考場(chǎng)號(hào)及座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1．Howisthemanpreparingtousethetools?A．Bylearningatwork. B．Bywatchingonlinevideos. C．Byreadingtheinstructions.【答案】B【原文】W:Doyouknowhowtousethosepowertools?Idon’twantyoutogethurt.Pleasereadtheinstructions.M:Ihavebeenwatchingvideosonthiswebsite.Don’tforget,Iusedtoworkwithaprofessional.Heshowedmeallthesetools.2．Whenwillthemancleanuphisroom?A．Injusthalfanhour. B．Afterseeingthemovie. C．Beforegoingtothecinema.【答案】B【原文】W:Youalwaysthrowyourclotheseverywhere.Andyourshoesarealloverthefloor.M:Sorry.ButcanIcleanupmyroomafteringbackfromthecinema?Themoviewillbegininhalfanhour.W:OK.3．WhydidMikegotoChina?A．Tohaveabusinesstrip.B．Tomeetwithhisboss.C．Tolearnaboutteaculture.【答案】A【原文】W:John,isMikeingforteatomorrow?M:No.He’sinChinanow.Hisbosssenthimtheretotrainsomenewemployeeslastweek.W:Oh,Itotallyforgotthat.4．Whydothespeakerschoosethesubway?A．Theweatheristoohot. B．Thetimeisverytight. C．Theircarisbeingrepaired.【答案】A【原文】W:Youknowwhat?AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheldintheArtGallery.Doyouwanttogowithme?M:HowcanImissit?Butitisburninghot.Wewillmeltifwecyclethere.W:Sowehavenochoicebuttotakethesubway.Ifonlywehadacar!5．WhichfilmdoesMikeprefer?A．Thehorrorfilm. B．Thehistoricalfilm. C．Thesciencefictionfilm.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Lily.What’sondowntown?W,Hi.Mike.TheGrandTheaterhasahistoricalfilm.TheStarCinemahasasciencefictionfilm.Andthere’sahorrorfilmintheSunshineTheater.M:Let’sgototheStarCinema,Theothertwofilmssoundboring.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whydoesthegirlwantababybrother?A．Topleaseherdad.B．Toenjoybeingabigsister.C．Toraise‘a(chǎn)nimalstogetherwithhim.7．Whatdoesthegirlhopetodoatlast?A．Keepadog. B．Getacutecat. C．Lookafterherbrother.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】W:Dad,willIhaveababybrother?M:Sweetie,I’mnotsurenow.Youhavehadtwoelderbrothers.Whydoyouwantababybrother?W:Ithinkbeingabigsisterwillbesomuchfun!M:Yes,youcanshareyourfavoritetoyswithhim.Andyoucanhavefuntogether.W:Prettygood!ButIthinkIshouldkeepapetandlearntosharefirst.M:Maybewecangetananimal,likeadogoracat.W:Yay!Thatsoundswonderful.Icansharemytoyswithacutedog!聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Howwillthewomandealwiththeproblemonthefrontpage?A．Maketheletterslarger.B．Deletethepooldesign.C．Leavethepageblank.9．Onwhichpagewillthewomanaddapicture?A．Page2. B．Page4. C．Page5.10．Whatcolorwastheprintofthepricesatfirst?A．Black. B．Red. C．Blue.【答案】8．A9．C10．A【原文】M:Goodafternoon.I’mheretoreprintabrochureforourhotel.Somepagesneedrevising.W:Whatexactlyistheproblem?M:Well,someinformationisalreadyoutofdate.Therearealsoacoupleofproblemswiththedesign.Firstly,thelettersonthefrontpagearefartoosmall.So,increasethelettersby3sizes.W:OK,whatelse?M:Theinformationregardingthepoolshouldbedeletedonpage2.W:Butwecan’tjustleavethewholepageblank.M:Justfillitinwiththeintroductionofournewlyopenedgym.W:Isee.M:What’salsobotheringusisthedescriptionunderthetopphotoonpage4.Youcanreplacethewordwith“reception”.W:Isthatall?M:No,thereismore.Turntopage5.You’dbetteruseapicturewiththeviewofthehotel.W:OK.M:Let’sturntothenextpage.Accordingtothecustomers,thepricesdonotstandout,sochangetheprintfromblacktoredorbluetomakeitpopout.W:Igotit.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11．Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A．Thefactthatrobotswillreplacehumansentirely.B．Thefactthatrobotswilltakejobsfromhumans.C．Thefactthatrobotswillbeintroducedintopeople’shomes.12．Howdoesthemanthinkaboutrobots?A．Theydomorewithlesscost.B．Theyarenotveryfriendly.C．Theybreakdownregularly.13．Whatpercentageofjobswillbeatriskduringthenextdecade?A．3%. B．15%. C．33%.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【原文】M:Inthefuture,manyofourcurrentjobswillbedonebyrobots.W:Thefutureiscloserthanyouthink.Severalofmyfriendswerefiredinacarfactory,becauserobotsarenowreplacingthem.M:Robotsdoofferbetteroutput(產(chǎn)量)forlesscost.Theycanoperatealldayandnight.W:Thisistrue,butmyfriendsarenolongerearninganymoney.M:Hopefullytheywillbeabletofindotherjobs.W:Itisgettinghardertofindajobthatwillnotbereplacedinafewyears’time.M:Thisistrue.Ireadareportthatsaidinthisdecade,3%ofjobswereatriskfrommachines.W:Ireadthesamereport.Thatnumberwouldjumpto33%duringthenextdecade.M:Yes,buttheyalsopointedoutthatrobotsandartificialintelligencecouldboosttheglobaleconomyby$15trillion.W:Doyouthinktheywillreplacelawyerslikeus?M:Notanytimesoon.W:Wehavetoworklonghours,butatleastwehavejobsecurity.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whatdidthewomandotoaffordherlongholiday?A．Shesharedthecostwithotherpeople.B．Sheearnedenoughmoneybeforetraveling.C．Sheavoidedspendingtoomuchonacmodation.15．Wheredidthewomanbeginhertrip?A．InGreece. B．InFrance. C．InGermany.16．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthefamilyrestaurant?A．TheyhadEnglishspeakingcustomers.B．NobodyinthefamilyspokeEnglish.C．Oneofthechildrenemployedher.17．Whywasthejobperfectforthewoman?A．Itslocationwasneartheislands.B．Thefamilyhadaboatshecoulduse.C．Shedidn’tneedtoworkattheweekend.【答案】14．C15．B16．A17．C【原文】M:WehaveCarrieLewisontheshowtodaywhohasjustreturnedfromafourmonthholidayinEurope.Wheredidyoufindthemoneytogoonsuchalongholiday?W:Well,Icertainlydidn’tstayinexpensivehotels.Ioftenstayedwithfriendsinthosecities.Besides,mostplaceshavesomehotelsthatcanbecheap.Thenyoucanalwaysfindworkwhileyou’retraveling.M:Sowheredidyougothisyear?W:IstartedinFranceandthenspenttwoweeksinGermany.ButIwantedtogetGreecetoworkinarestaurant.IhadwrittentoafewplacesbeforeIlefthomeandoneofthemhadofferedmework,soIgotthereassoonaspossible.M:Anddidyougetthejob?W:Idid.ItwasalovelyfamilyrestaurantinAthensandtheywerelookingforsomeonewhocouldspeakEnglishtohelpwiththecustomers.They’vegotchildrenwhocanspeakit,buttheyweren’taroundoverthesummer,sotheyemployedme.M:Sothatpaidforyourholidaythen.W:Mostofit,yes.Itwasperfectformeastheyonlywantedmetoworkthereduringtheweek.ThatmeantIcouldvisittheislandsattheweekend.IusedtocatchtheboatonFridayevening,havetwonightsonanislandsomewhereandthengetbackonSundaynightreadyforwork.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Howmanykidswerethereintheresearch?A．10. B．14. C．400.19．Howlongdomostkidsspendonthescreeneverydayinthisstudy?A．Lessthan3hours. B．About5hours. C．Morethan6hours.20．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestintheend?A．Studentsshouldreducetheirtimeonthescreen.B．Parentsshouldn’tbuymobilephonesfortheirchildren.C．Parentsshouldmunicatewiththeirchildrenmorefrequently.【答案】18．C19．B20．C【原文】W:Hi,itisScienceCharm.I’mRosy.Manyparentsareworriedthattheirchildrenspendtoomuchtimeonthescreen,suchaswatchingTVandplayingwiththemobilephone,whichwilldoharmtotheirmentalhealth.Butanewstudyshowstheopposite.Aprofessorofpsychologicalsciencetellsusthatifparentsturnoffthemediawhichchildrenusetoconnectwithfriendsandsearchforinformation,itwillleadtoaworseconsequence.Theprofessorandhiscolleaguedidresearchon400studentsaged10to14abouttheirscreenbehaviors.Theyfoundthatmostkidsspendabout5hoursonthescreeneveryday.Butthereisnoconnectionbetweentheamountoftimeonthescreenandmentalhealth.Instead,childrenwhosendmoretextmessageshavebettermentalhealth.Thisisasmallassociation,butitreflectsifwestayconnectedonline,wealsohavegoodconnectionsoffline.Actually,kidshavedepressionduetosomethingotherthanthetimetheyspendonline.Wearesobusywithourstudyandworkthatwehavenotimetoexchangeideas.Wehopeparentswillspendlesstimeworryingaboutmobilephonesandmoretimetalkingtoyourchildren.Itisthebestwaytohavementalhealth.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInternationalApplicationTheUniversityofCambridgewelesapplicationsfromsuitablyqualifiedinternationalstudents.Werecognizethegreatacademicandculturalvalueofadiversestudentbody.AdmittingstudentsfromoutsidetheUKallowsustoseektalentfromthewidestpossiblepool.Attractingsomanytalentedinternationalapplicantsmeanspetitionforplacesisfierce.However,academicachievementandpotentialremaintheselectioncriteriaforseniorhighschoolcandidates.TheapplicationprocessTheapplicationprocessisthesameforallapplicants.WhilstmuchoftheinformationpresentedonthiswebsiteisfocusedonGCE,andALevels,manyotherschoolandnationalexaminationsatanequallevelarealsoacceptable.AllapplicationstoUKuniversitiesaremadethroughtheUniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService(UCAS）,whichoperatesonaprequalificationbasiswhereoffersaremadeinadvanceofapplicantsachievingtheirfinalgrades.Offerholdersarefinallyconfirmedorrejectedoncetheresultsfortherelevantqualificationsarereceived.UCASwillrequireapplicants’predictedgrades.Apredictedgradeisthegradeofqualificationanapplicant’sschoolbelievestheyarelikelytoachieve,allthingsbeingwell.ThesepredictedgradesareusedduringtheadmissionsprocesstohelptheUniversityunderstandeachapplicant’spotential.Forastepbystepguide,pleaserefertoourmainApplyingpages.ApplicationfeeMostinternationalapplicantsarerequiredtopayanapplicationfeeof￡60.Thisisastandardchargethatsupportstheadministrationoftheapplicationprocessandmaintenanceofthesystemsusedinthisprocess.SeeTermsandconditionsoftheapplicationfee.21．WhydoestheCambridgeuniversityweleoverseasstudents?A．Theyareforeigners.B．Theyaremorequalifiedthanlocalstudents.C．Theywillprovidediversityforthecampus.D．TheywillberecognizedbytheUKgovernment.22．Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheapplicationprocess?A．Gaokaoresultscanplayapart.B．Internationalexperienceisamust.C．Anofferistheguaranteeofadmission.D．Applicant’sschoolcanpredicttheresult.23．Whowouldbethemostlikelytargetreaderofthetext?A．ABritishtwelfthgrader.B．AHongKongeleventhgrader.C．AstudentinPekingUniversity.D．AjuniorhighschoolstudentfromBeijing.【答案】21．C22．D23．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了申請(qǐng)英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的相關(guān)信息。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InternationalApplication中的“Werecognizethegreatacademicandculturalvalueofadiversestudentbody.AdmittingstudentsfromoutsidetheUKallowsustoseektalentfromthewidestpossiblepool.(我們認(rèn)識(shí)到多元化學(xué)生群體的巨大學(xué)術(shù)和文化價(jià)值。招收來(lái)自英國(guó)以外的學(xué)生使我們能夠從盡可能廣泛的人才庫(kù)中尋找人才。)”可知，劍橋大學(xué)歡迎海外學(xué)生是因?yàn)樗麄兡軌蜇S富校園的多樣性。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theapplicationprocess中的“AllapplicationstoUKuniversitiesaremadethroughtheUniversitiesandCollegesAdmissionsService(UCAS）,whichoperatesonaprequalificationbasiswhereoffersaremadeinadvanceofapplicantsachievingtheirfinalgrades.(所有英國(guó)大學(xué)的申請(qǐng)都是通過(guò)大學(xué)和學(xué)院招生服務(wù)(UCAS)進(jìn)行的，該服務(wù)以資格預(yù)審為基礎(chǔ)，在申請(qǐng)人達(dá)到最終成績(jī)之前發(fā)出錄取通知。)”以及“UCASwillrequireapplicants’predictedgrades.Apredictedgradeisthegradeofqualificationanapplicant’sschoolbelievestheyarelikelytoachieve,allthingsbeingwell.ThesepredictedgradesareusedduringtheadmissionsprocesstohelptheUniversityunderstandeachapplicant’spotential.(UCAS將要求申請(qǐng)人提供預(yù)期成績(jī)。預(yù)期成績(jī)是申請(qǐng)人所在學(xué)校認(rèn)為他們?cè)谝磺许樌那闆r下可能達(dá)到的資格等級(jí)。這些預(yù)測(cè)分?jǐn)?shù)在錄取過(guò)程中被用來(lái)幫助大學(xué)了解每個(gè)申請(qǐng)人的潛力。)”可知，申請(qǐng)人申請(qǐng)的學(xué)校可以根據(jù)申請(qǐng)人個(gè)人提供預(yù)期成績(jī)預(yù)測(cè)是否錄取的結(jié)果。故選D。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章InternationalApplication中的“TheUniversityofCambridgewelesapplicationsfromsuitablyqualifiedinternationalstudents.Werecognizethegreatacademicandculturalvalueofadiversestudentbody.AdmittingstudentsfromoutsidetheUKallowsustoseektalentfromthewidestpossiblepool.（劍橋大學(xué)歡迎符合條件的國(guó)際學(xué)生申請(qǐng)。我們認(rèn)識(shí)到多元化學(xué)生群體的巨大學(xué)術(shù)和文化價(jià)值。招收來(lái)自英國(guó)以外的學(xué)生使我們能夠從盡可能廣泛的人才庫(kù)中尋找人才。）”以及第二段中“However,academicachievementandpotentialremaintheselectioncriteriaforseniorhighschoolcandidates.”（然而，學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)和潛力仍然是高中生的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）可知，本文介紹的是來(lái)自英國(guó)以外的學(xué)生的大學(xué)申請(qǐng)，選項(xiàng)B中香港的十一年級(jí)的學(xué)生，相當(dāng)于高二的學(xué)生，可能是本文的目標(biāo)讀者。故選B。BAbrownanddrylawnisnotsomethingmanygardenerswouldboastabout.ButthatisexactlythekindofyardpetitionorganizersinSwedenwerelookingforwhentheylaunchedtheprizeforthe“World’sUgliestLawn”.Peoplefromaroundtheworldwereinvitedtopostpicturesoftheirdehydrated(脫水的)grasstosocialmediainabidtowintheuncertainhonor.Theintention,accordingtothosebehindtheproject,wastoraiseawarenessof“savingwateronaglobalscalebychangingthenormforgreenlawns”.Lawns,whichcanrequirelargeamountsofwatertomaintain,areingunderincreasingexaminationasclimatechangemakesperiodsofdroughtmorefrequentandintense.TheglobalinitiativewaslaunchedontheofficialwebsiteforGotlandinSweden.“Hugeamountsofwaterareusedtowaterlawnsforaesthetics(美學(xué)).Astheworldgetswarmer,lackofwaterinurbanareasisprojectedtoaffectupto2.4billionpeopleby2050.Bynotwateringlawnsforaestheticreasons,wecanprotecttheavailabilityofgroundwater,”thepetitionorganizerssaid.TheunlikelytitlehasbeenawardedtoKathleenMurraywholivesinSandfordinTasmania,Australia.Accordingtotheorganizers,Murray’slawn“boastsdeepanddrydivotscreatedbythreewildbandicoots(袋貍)andnotonedustcovereddecimeteriswastedonwatering”.Murraysaidinthepressreleaseabouthertriumph,“Iamterriblyproud!IknewIwouldhavemy5minutesoffame,evenifitwasforhavingtheugliestlawnontheplanet!Iamnowfreeofevertakingcareofmylawnagain.”ApressreleasebytheGotland,officeadded,“Fortheplanetanditsdecliningstockpilesoflifegivingliquid,thankyou,Kathleen,aswellasthosenaughtybandicootsdamagingyourlawnforthegreatergood.”O(jiān)rganizersadded,“GotlandaimstoshowtoSwedenandtheworldthatsustainablebehaviordoesn’thavetobedull.”24．WhatcanwesayabouttheyardpetitionorganizedinSweden?A．Peoplehadevendoubteditsauthenticity.B．Peopleworldwidewereunwillingtojoin.C．Itsparticipantsmustbeprofessionalgardeners.D．Itsentriesmustagreewiththeexistingaesthetics.25．Whatisthepurposeofthisyardpetition?A．Tocallonpeopletoprotectlawns. B．Toencouragepeopletobecreative.C．Tochallengethenormofaesthetics. D．Toremindpeopleofwatershortage.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“triumph”inparagraph4mean?A．Ambition. B．Success. C．Sorrow. D．Barrier.27．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．People’sWhelmingReactionToAYardContestInSwedenB．LawnsAndRareBandicootsCallingForUrgentProtectionC．ALawnNamedTheUgliestGloballyAllForAGoodCauseD．TheWorld’sUgliestLawnUnacceptedByTheWholeWorld【答案】24．A25．D26．B27．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞稿。文章主要介紹瑞典庭院比賽組織者推出“世界上最丑草坪”獎(jiǎng)。24．推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Abrownanddrylawnisnotsomethingmanygardenerswouldboastabout.ButthatisexactlythekindofyardpetitionorganizersinSwedenwerelookingforwhentheylaunchedtheprizeforthe‘World’sUgliestLawn’.Peoplefromaroundtheworldwereinvitedtopostpicturesoftheirdehydrated(脫水的)grasstosocialmediainabidtowintheuncertainhonor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多園丁會(huì)夸耀的。但這正是瑞典庭院比賽組織者在推出‘世界上最丑草坪’獎(jiǎng)時(shí)所希望的。來(lái)自世界各地的人們被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谏缃幻襟w上發(fā)布他們脫水草的照片，以贏得這一不確定的榮譽(yù)。)”可推測(cè)，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)非常規(guī)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，所以人們甚至懷疑它的真實(shí)性。故選A項(xiàng)。25．推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Theintention,accordingtothosebehindtheproject,wastoraiseawarenessof‘savingwateronaglobalscalebychangingthenormforgreenlawns’.Lawns,whichcanrequirelargeamountsofwatertomaintain,areingunderincreasingexaminationasclimatechangemakesperiodsofdroughtmorefrequentandintense.(據(jù)該項(xiàng)目背后的人說(shuō)，其目的是提高人們對(duì)‘通過(guò)改變綠色草坪的規(guī)范在全球范圍內(nèi)節(jié)約用水’的認(rèn)識(shí)。由于氣候變化使干旱期更加頻繁和強(qiáng)烈，草坪可能需要大量的水來(lái)維持，因此草坪正受到越來(lái)越多的審查。)”可知，這場(chǎng)庭院比賽的目的是提醒人們注意缺水問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)。26．詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第四段“TheunlikelytitlehasbeenawardedtoKathleenMurraywholivesinSandfordinTasmania,Australia.(這個(gè)不太可能的頭銜被授予了居住在澳大利亞塔斯馬尼亞州桑福德的KathleenMurray。)”可知，KathleenMurray獲得“世界上最丑草坪”獎(jiǎng)，所以劃線單詞的句子應(yīng)表示Murray在新聞稿中談到了她的獲獎(jiǎng)的成功，所以猜測(cè)triumph表“成功”。故選B項(xiàng)。27．主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Abrownanddrylawnisnotsomethingmanygardenerswouldboastabout.ButthatisexactlythekindofyardpetitionorganizersinSwedenwerelookingforwhentheylaunchedtheprizeforthe‘World’sUgliestLawn’.Peoplefromaroundtheworldwereinvitedtopostpicturesoftheirdehydrated(脫水的)grasstosocialmediainabidtowintheuncertainhonor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多園丁會(huì)夸耀的。但這正是瑞典庭院比賽組織者在推出“世界上最丑草坪”獎(jiǎng)時(shí)所希望的。來(lái)自世界各地的人們被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谏缃幻襟w上發(fā)布他們脫水草的照片，以贏得這一不確定的榮譽(yù)。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介紹瑞典庭院比賽組織者為了提醒人們注意缺水問(wèn)題，推出“世界上最丑草坪”獎(jiǎng)。所以C項(xiàng)ALawnNamedTheUgliestGloballyAllForAGoodCause(一塊草坪被評(píng)為全球最丑陋草坪，只為做一件好事)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。CHowisitthataflyalwaysseemstobebuzzingaroundyourfoodmomentsafteryousitdownforanoutdoormeal?Theanswerispractice.Or,morespecifically:evolution(進(jìn)化).Fliesandotherinsectshavebeenonamultimillionyearjourneyofevolution,improvingtheirabilitytodetectfood.Beingabletozeroinonnutritiousmealsisamatteroflifeanddeath.ThefamilyoffliesthatIstudy—theblowflies—arethebuzzingonesthatareusuallyabeautifulmetallicblue,withbronzeandgreencolors.They’veperfectedtheirabilitytoquicklysensethesmellsthatnaturallyeoffpicnicsandgarbagecans.Thereisalotofpetitionforaresourcelikeanoverflowinggarbagecanbecauseofhownutritiousgarbage,withthemeatrottinginit,is.Buttheblowfliescansensethesesmellslongbeforetheirpetitorsorpeoplecan,andtendtoshowuptothescenefirst.Sensingsystemsdifferdependingontheinsectandspecies.Theblowflies’mainsensingorganistheirantennae,twothinprojections(凸起)fromtheheadthatarecoveredintinyhairs.Thesefinehairsaremadeupofspecialcellsthatcontainreceptors(受體)forspecificsmells.Thinkaboutabatchofchocolatechipcookiesfreshfromtheoven.Youcandetecttheirdelicioussmellsbecausewehumanshavereceptorsonthesurfacesofthecellsthatlinetheinsideofournoses.Thesereceptorssendsignalstothebrain:yummyfoodahead.They’redetectingthesweetsmellofsugarbasedmolecules,anenergyrichfoodsourceforus.What’sa“good”ora“bad”smellcandifferdependingontheanimaldoingthesmelling.Theattractiverottingmeatstench(惡臭)thataflyfindsdelightfulisperceivedquitedifferentlybyapersonpassingbyanunpleasantgarbagecanonahotday.Butanyflythatcandetecttheusefulsmellsignal,whichmeans“nutritiousflyfoodhere”,willhaveanadvantage.Overtime,theinsectsthathavethereceptorsforthosesmellswillhavebettersurvivalratesandproducemoregenerations.28．Whydoestheauthorfocusonblowfliesinhisstudy?A．Theyhaveattractivedeepgreencolors.B．Theyhavegonethroughmuchevolution.C．Theyhaveunusualabilitytosensesmells.D．Theyareeasiertocontrolthanotherspecies.29．Inwhichfielddoblowflieshaveanadvantageovertheirpetitors?A．Detectingfoodresources. B．Designingflyingroutes.C．Producingnutritionoutofgarbage. D．Escapingfromenemies.30．Howdoestheauthordevelopthefourthparagraph?A．Byexplainingaprinciple. B．Bymakingaparison.C．Byfollowingtimeorder. D．Bydescribingaprocess.31．What’sthemessageimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．It’srathereasytowipeouttheblowflies.B．Nutritiousfoodsusuallyhaveattractivesmells.C．Thereceptorsplayakeyroleinflies’survival.D．Fliesfindasmellsignalmuchfasterthanhumans.【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，文章以綠頭蒼蠅為例，解釋了蒼蠅是如何通過(guò)感受器快速探測(cè)食物的，它們的氣味感受器在蒼蠅的生存中起到了重要的作用。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThefamilyoffliesthatIstudy—theblowflies—arethebuzzingonesthatareusuallyabeautifulmetallicblue,withbronzeandgreencolors.They’veperfectedtheirabilitytoquicklysensethesmellsthatnaturallyeoffpicnicsandgarbagecans.(我研究的蒼蠅家族——綠頭蒼蠅——是一種嗡嗡作響的蒼蠅，通常是一種美麗的金屬藍(lán)色，帶有青銅色和綠色。他們已經(jīng)完善了快速感知野餐和垃圾桶自然產(chǎn)生的氣味的能力)”可知，作者關(guān)注綠頭蒼蠅是由于它們有不同尋常的嗅覺(jué)能力。故選C。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thereisalotofpetitionforaresourcelikeanoverflowinggarbagecanbecauseofhownutritiousgarbage,withthemeatrottinginit,is.Buttheblowfliescansensethesesmellslongbeforetheirpetitorsorpeoplecan,andtendtoshowuptothescenefirst.(像一個(gè)滿溢的垃圾桶這樣的資源會(huì)有很多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，因?yàn)槔臓I(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值很高，里面有腐爛的肉。但綠頭蒼蠅能比它們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手或人類更早地嗅到這些氣味，而且往往會(huì)先出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng))”可知，綠頭蒼蠅比起競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手能更快地探測(cè)食物資源。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Sensingsystemsdifferdependingontheinsectandspecies.Theblowflies’mainsensingorganistheirantennae,twothinprojectionsfromtheheadthatarecoveredintinyhairs.Thesefinehairsaremadeupofspecialcellsthatcontainreceptorsforspecificsmells.Thinkaboutabatchofchocolatechipcookiesfreshfromtheoven.Youcandetecttheirdelicioussmellsbecausewehumanshavereceptorsonthesurfacesofthecellsthatlinetheinsideofournoses.Thesereceptorssendsignalstothebrain:yummyfoodahead.They’redetectingthesweetsmellofsugarbasedmolecules,anenergyrichfoodsourceforus.(感應(yīng)系統(tǒng)因昆蟲和物種的不同而不同。綠頭蒼蠅的主要感知器官是它們的觸角，這是它們頭部的兩個(gè)薄薄的突起，上面覆蓋著細(xì)小的毛發(fā)。這些細(xì)毛是由特殊的細(xì)胞組成的，這些細(xì)胞含有對(duì)特定氣味的感受器。想想剛從烤箱里出來(lái)的一批巧克力餅干。你可以聞到它們的香味，因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)祟惐亲觾?nèi)部的細(xì)胞表面有感受器。這些感受器向大腦發(fā)送信號(hào)：前方有美味的食物。它們能探測(cè)到糖基分子的甜味，這是一種能量豐富的食物來(lái)源)”可知，文章第四段作者是通過(guò)將蒼蠅的感受器和人的感受器進(jìn)行對(duì)比來(lái)描述的。故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Butanyflythatcandetecttheusefulsmellsignal,whichmeans“nutritiousflyfoodhere”,willhaveanadvantage.Overtime,theinsectsthathavethereceptorsforthosesmellswillhavebettersurvivalratesandproducemoregenerations.(但是任何能夠探測(cè)到有用的氣味信號(hào)，意味著“這里有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的蒼蠅食物”的蒼蠅，將具有優(yōu)勢(shì)。隨著時(shí)間的推移，擁有這些氣味感受器的昆蟲將有更好的存活率，并產(chǎn)生更多的后代)”可推知，氣味感受器在蒼蠅的生存中起到了重要的作用。故選C。DAmericanslovetheirautomobiles.Solong,itseems,astheydon’trunonbatteries.AsurveypublishedinJulybythePewResearchCentrefoundthatlessthantwofifthsofthemwouldconsiderbuyinganelectricvehicle(EV).DespiteexpandingchargingnetworksandmoreEVmodelstochoosefrom,thatisaslightlylowersharethantheyearbefore.ThebiggestblocktoEVenthusiasminAmericaisprice.TheaverageEVtheresellsfor$52,000,estimatesCoxAutomotive,aconsultancy.Thatisnotaworldawayfromthe$48,000thatAmericanstypicallypayforapetrolvehicle.Buttotalcostsofownership,whichbinethesalespriceandrunningcostsforfiveyears,varymorewidely.At$65,000,thetypicalEVis$9,000moreexpensivetoownthanapetrolcar(owingtofactorslikepriceyhomechargers,dearerinsuranceand,paredwithEuropeandChina,inexpensivepetrol).AllthisleavesAmerica’scarindustrycirclingaroundabout.Consumers’unwillingnesstopayforexpensiveEVsisforcingcarmakerstotakeactiontoshiftstock(庫(kù)存).Teslahascutitspricesseveraltimesinthepastyear.Carmakersareofferingaveragediscountsofalmost10%ontheirEVs,morethantwiceasgenerousasforpetrolcars.Butthisismakingitevenharderforthepaniestomakemoneyfrombatterypower.Continuedlossesinturnmaymakecarfirmsloseappetitetoinvestinabroaderelectricofferingthatwouldappealtobuyers.Americancarmakersarestillhopingtheycanescapethisvicious(惡性的)circle.TheyaremostlypostponingtheirAmericanEVinvestmentsratherthanpullingtheplugonthem.AndfromJanuarytheEVtaxcredits(免稅)willalsobeavailableatthepointofsale,makingitlessburdensomeforbuyerstotakeadvantageofthem.Allthiscouldeventuallygenerateprofitsforcarfirms.Eventuallymay,though,eabitlaterthanhoped.32．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThelackofdiversityofEVs.B．TheuncertainprospectofEVs.C．ThebarriertothepurchaseofEVs.D．TheurgencyofpricereductiononEVs.33．HowdocarmakersdealwiththedepressedEVindustry?A．IssuingEVtaxcreditspolicy.B．OfferingbetterdiscountsonEVs.C．Cuttingdownthecostofproduction.D．Investinginawiderelectricoffering.34．Whatisthecarmakers’attitudetowardsthefutureofEVindustry?A．Dissatisfied. B．Dismissive. C．Cautious. D．Casual.35．Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A．IsAmerica’sEVRevolutionSuspending?B．DoElectricVehiclesOutweighPetrolCars?C．EVRevolutionIsPromotingEnergyTransitionD．EVIsGraduallyDominatingAmerica’sCarIndustry【答案】32．C33．B34．C35．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了美國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困境，包括電動(dòng)汽車價(jià)格昂貴導(dǎo)致購(gòu)買者熱情不高，增加銷售折扣導(dǎo)致利潤(rùn)下降等問(wèn)題，文章最后指出，美國(guó)汽車制造商仍希望擺脫當(dāng)前的困境，實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利可能會(huì)比預(yù)期的時(shí)間晚一些。32．主旨大意題。第二段第一句“ThebiggestblocktoEVenthusiasminAmericaisprice.(在美國(guó)，阻礙電動(dòng)汽車熱情的最大障礙是價(jià)格。)”是此段主題句，指出價(jià)格是阻礙美國(guó)人購(gòu)買電動(dòng)汽車的最大障礙；下文通過(guò)引用咨詢公司CoxAutomotive的數(shù)據(jù)，通過(guò)具體的數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明價(jià)格是最大障礙；由此可知，這一段主要討論了影響美國(guó)人購(gòu)買電動(dòng)汽車熱情的障礙——電動(dòng)汽車的擁有成本較高。故選C。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Consumers’unwillingnesstopayforexpensiveEVsisforcingcarmakerstotakeactiontoshiftstock(庫(kù)存).Teslahascutitspricesseveraltimesinthepastyear.Carmakersareofferingaveragediscountsofalmost10%ontheirEVs,morethantwiceasgenerousasforpetrolcars.(消費(fèi)者不愿為昂貴的電動(dòng)汽車買單，迫使汽車制造商采取行動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移庫(kù)存。在過(guò)去的一年里，特斯拉已經(jīng)多次降價(jià)。汽車制造商提供的電動(dòng)汽車平均折扣接近10%，是汽油車的兩倍多。)”可知，美國(guó)汽車制造商被迫在電動(dòng)汽車上提供大幅折扣以銷出庫(kù)存，以應(yīng)對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)的低迷。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Americancarmakersarestillhopingtheycanescapethisvicious(惡性的)circle.TheyaremostlypostponingtheirAmericanEVinvestmentsratherthanpullingtheplugonthem.(美國(guó)汽車制造商仍然希望他們能夠擺脫這種惡性循環(huán)。他們大多推遲了在美國(guó)的電動(dòng)汽車投資，而不是停止投資。)”可知，美國(guó)汽車制造商仍然希望能擺脫這種惡性循環(huán)，他們大多推遲了在美國(guó)的電動(dòng)汽車投資，而不是停止投資；由此可知，美國(guó)汽車制造商對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)的未來(lái)持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選C。35．主旨大意題。文章第一段“Americanslovetheirautomobiles.Solong,itseems,astheydon’trunonbatteries.AsurveypublishedinJulybythePewResearchCentrefoundthatlessthantwofifthsofthemwouldconsiderbuyinganelectricvehicle(EV).DespiteexpandingchargingnetworksandmoreEVmodelstochoosefrom,thatisaslightlylowersharethantheyearbefore.(美國(guó)人喜歡他們的汽車。這么久了，似乎是因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇强侩姵剡\(yùn)行的。皮尤研究中心7月發(fā)布的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有不到五分之二的人會(huì)考慮購(gòu)買電動(dòng)汽車。盡管充電網(wǎng)絡(luò)不斷擴(kuò)大，電動(dòng)汽車車型也越來(lái)越多，但這一比例略低