Unit1SectionB2a-2e 人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

Unit1

What's

the

matter?

Section

B(2a=2e)年級(jí)

：Grade

8授課類型：Languagepoints【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.理解并掌握下列單詞和短語(yǔ)：Keywords

andphrases:

mean,importance,beusedtodoing,take

risks,run

out

(of),cut

off,get

out

of,give

up,keep

on

doing...2.理解文中的長(zhǎng)難句并學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用：Key

sentences:AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwho

is

interested

inmountainclimbing;ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislife

andnevergive

up...3.情感目標(biāo)：Learntoloveandcherish

our

lives

and

never

give

up.(熱愛生活，珍惜生命，永不放棄)LearningaimsHeLostHisArmButIs

Still

ClimbingAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.Asamountain

is

used

torisksThis

is

oneclimber,Arontaking.of

theexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.Thereweremanytimeswhen

Aronalmostlosthislifebecauseof

accidents.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimself

in

a

very

dangerous

situation

when

climbing

in

Utah.On

that

day,Aron's

arm

was

caught

under

a

360-kilorock

that

fell

on

him

when

he

was

climbing

by

himselfin

the

mountains.Because

he

could

not

free

his

arm,hestayedthereforfivedays

andhoped

that

someonewould

find

him.But

when

his

water

ran

out,he

knewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehis

own

life.

Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoff

half

his

right

arm.Then,with

his

left

arm,he

bandagedhimselfso

that

he

would

not

lose

too

much

blood.Afterthat,he

climbed

down

the

mountain

to

find

help.Afterlosinghis

arm,hewrote

abook

calledBetween

a

Rock

and

a

Hard

Place.Thismeans

being

in

a

difficult

situation

that

you

cannot

seem

to

get

out

of.In

this

book,

Arontellsof

theimportanceof

makinggooddecisions,andof

beingin

control

of

one'slife.Hisloveformountainclimbingisso

great

thathe

kept

on

dimbing

mountains

even

after

this

experience.Do

we

have

the

same

spirit

as

Aron?Let's

think

about

it

before

we

find

ourselvesWords

Meanings

Pleaseturntopage

6Readthepassageandunderline

thewordsyoudon'tknow.Then

look

upthewordsinadictionaryandwrite

downtheir

meanings.FindingtheOrderof

EventsWriters

describe

events

in

acertain

order.Finding

the

orderoftheeventswill

helpyou"betweenarockand

ahardplace",andbeforewehave

to

make

adecision

that

could

mean

life

or

death.understandwhatyouarereading2b

Readthe

passageand

underlinethebluewordsHeLostHisArmButIs

StillClimbingAron

Ralston

is

an

American

man

who

is

interestedin

mountain

climbing.As

a

mountain

climber,Aronis

used

to

taking

risks.This

is

one

of

the

excitingthings

about

doing

dangerous

sports.There

weremany

times

when

Aron

almost

lost

his

life

becauseof

accidents.On

April

26,2003,he

found

himself

ina

very

dangerous

situation

when

climbing

in

Utah.On

that

day,Aron's

arm

was

caught

under

a

360-kilo

rock

that

fell

on

him

when

he

was

climbing

by

himself

in

the

mountains.Because

he

could

not

free

his

arm,hestayed

there

for

five

days

and

hoped

that

someonewould

find

him.But

when

his

water

ranout,heknew

thathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehis

own

life.

Hewasnotreadyto

diethatday.Sohe

used

hisknife

tocut

off

half

his

right

arm.Then,with

his

left

arm,hebandaged

himself

so

that

he

would

not

lose

too

muchblood.After

that,he

climbed

down

the

mountain

to

findhelp.After

losing

his

arm,he

wrote

a

book

called

Between

a

Rock

and

a

Hard

Place.

This

means

being

in

a

difficultsituation

that

you

cannot

seem

to

get

out

of.In

this

book,Aron

tells

of

the

importance

of

making

good

decisions,and

of

being

in

control

of

one's

life.Hislovefor

mountain

climbing

is

so

great

that

he

kept

on

climbing

mountains

even

after

this

experience.Dowehavethesamespirit

asAron?Let's

thinkabout

it

before

we

find

ourselves“between

arockandahardplace”,and

beforewe

have

to

makeadecision

thatcouldmean

life

or

death.句型透視1.AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedin

mountainclimbing.[探究]本句是含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，“who

is

interested

in

mountain

climbing”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“an

American

man”,“who”是

關(guān)系代詞，beinterestedin意為“對(duì)...感興趣”。此句翻譯為：阿倫

·羅爾斯頓是一名熱愛登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的美國(guó)人。Section

B2.As

a

mountain

climber,Aron

is

used

to

taking

risks.

作為一名登山愛好者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。詞匯點(diǎn)睛beusedto

習(xí)慣于;適應(yīng)于[觀察]Weareusedtothe

schoollifehere.我們習(xí)慣于這里的學(xué)校生活。Theboyisusedtousinghismobilephone.那個(gè)男孩習(xí)慣于使用他的手機(jī)。[探究]beusedto意為“習(xí)慣于...

;適應(yīng)于

”,同getusedto,

to為介詞，其后要跟

名

詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。Section

BSheisused

to

chatting

with

her

friends

by

WeChat.她習(xí)慣用微信和朋友聊天。I

used

to

write

letters

to

my

friends.我以前經(jīng)常給我的朋友們寫信。

The

knife

is

used

to

cut

things.=The

knife

is

used

for

cuttingthings.

刀是用來(lái)切東西的。be/get

used

to

doing

sth.習(xí)慣于做某事used

to

dosth.過(guò)去經(jīng)常做某事be

used

to

do

sth.被用于做某事be

used

for

doing

sth.Section

B[拓展]be

used

to相近短語(yǔ)辨析：活學(xué)活用[2017

·泰州]Dianausedto

towork,but

now

sheis

usedto

becausetheroadiscrowdedand

shewants

to

keep

fit.A.drive;walking

B.drive;walkC.driving;walk

D.driving;walking【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：黛安娜過(guò)去常開車上班，但現(xiàn)在她習(xí)慣步

行了，因?yàn)榈缆泛軗頂D，她也想保持身體健康。

used

to后跟動(dòng)詞原形，表

示“過(guò)去經(jīng)常做某事”;be

used

to

后跟動(dòng)名詞，表示“習(xí)慣做某事”。Section

B句型透視3.Therewere

many

timeswhenAronalmostlosthislife

becauseofaccidents.[探究]“whenAronalmostlosthislife…”是when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾times

,

when

作關(guān)系副詞，此句翻譯為：有很多次，阿倫差點(diǎn)因?yàn)橐馔鈦G掉性命。詞匯點(diǎn)睛because

of是介詞短語(yǔ)，意為“由于；因?yàn)椤?后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。because連詞，意為“由于；因?yàn)椤?其后要跟_原因狀語(yǔ)從句。because

of介詞短語(yǔ)，后跟名詞、代詞或

動(dòng)名詞

。Section

B活學(xué)活用單項(xiàng)選擇—Did

you

have

a

sports

meeting

yesterday?—No,wedidn't.Itwasputoff

Btheheavyrain.A.becauseB.becauseofC.acrossfrom【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)“因?yàn)椤贝笥甓煌七t了。故排除C.across

from,

在……對(duì)面，而A.because

后接句子，theheavyrain是名詞短語(yǔ)，

也不行，所以選B.becauseof。Section

B句型透視4.Aron'sarm

wascaughtundera360-kilorock(thatfell

onhim)(when

he

was

climbing

by

himself

in

the

mountains.)[探究]本句是含有兩個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句，“that

fell

on

him”是定語(yǔ)從句

,修飾先行詞

“a

360-kilo

rock”,“whenhe

was

climbing

by

himselfinthemountains”是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。此句翻譯為：當(dāng)他獨(dú)自

登山時(shí)，阿倫的手臂被壓在掉落在他身上的一塊360公斤的巖石下。Section

B5Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthat

hewould

have

to

dosomething

to

save

his

own

life.但是，當(dāng)他的水用完的時(shí)候，他知

道他將必須做一些事情來(lái)挽救自己的生命。詞匯點(diǎn)睛run

out用完；耗盡CanIuseyourlighter?Iranoutofmatches.我能使用你的打火機(jī)嗎?我的火柴用完了。Section

Brun

out相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能接賓語(yǔ)。它的主語(yǔ)通常是

時(shí)間、金錢或食物等無(wú)生命的東西(物)。run

out

of相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以接賓語(yǔ)。它的主語(yǔ)通常是人賓語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、金錢或食物等。[探究]run

out和runoutof都表示“用完；耗盡”,它們的用法區(qū)別如下：Section

B活學(xué)活用用runout/runout

of的適當(dāng)形式填空。①Food

ranout

(吃完了)lastnight.②Whatwillshedoifshe

runs

out

of

(花完)money?③They

ran

out

of(耗盡)theirwaterandhadnothingto

drink.Section

B6.Soheusedhisknifeto

cut

offhalfhisrightarm.所以，他用刀切除了他的半條右臂。詞匯點(diǎn)睛cutoff切除【拓展】cut短語(yǔ)cut

off切除；切斷，停掉；中斷，打斷cutup切碎cutdown砍倒cut

...into...把切成…....Section

B【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。cut

off,cut

up,cut

down1)Youmustn'tcut

down

thetreeshere.2)Mymotherwill

cutup

some

meat

to

make

dumplings

forus.

3)Hewassocarelessthathe

cut

off

hisfinger

atwork.SectionB7.After

losing

his

arm,he

wrote

abook

calledBetween

a

Rock

and

a

Hard

Place.失去手臂之后，他寫了一本名為《生死兩難》的書。[探究]此處BetweenaRockandaHard

Place是一本書名，可譯作《生死兩難》。其本身是英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)固定習(xí)語(yǔ)，表示在艱難或危險(xiǎn)的處境下“從兩難中進(jìn)行選擇”,意為“左右為難；進(jìn)退兩難”Section

B【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】eg:Whowillyousavewhenyourmotherandyourwifefall

into

thewater?For

many

people,it's

betweena

rockandahardplace.

當(dāng)你母親和妻子同時(shí)落水，你會(huì)救誰(shuí)?對(duì)很多人說(shuō)這是一個(gè)兩難的問(wèn)題。Section

B句型透視8.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituation

that

you

cannotseemto

getoutof.[探究]本句是含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，“

that

you

cannot

seem

to

getout

of

”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“a

difficult

situation”,翻

譯：這(書名)意思是處于一個(gè)你似乎不能擺脫的困境。詞匯點(diǎn)睛mean:

意思是，意味著Whatdoesthiswordmean?

這個(gè)單詞是什么意思?Section

B詞匯辨析①mean

doingsth.意味著做某事e.g.My

newjob

means

travelling

all

over

the

world.②meantodo

sth.

打算，想要做某事e.g.I

mean

to

visit

you

tomorrow.活學(xué)活用1.I'msorry,butIdidn'tmean

A

you.A.to

hurt

B.hurtC.hurting2.SmokingmeansC

yourself

withyourown

hands.A.to

killB.killed

C.killingSection

B詞匯點(diǎn)睛getout

of

離開；從……出來(lái)[觀察]Thedoorislocked,soIcan'tgetoutof

thehouse

now.

門鎖了，所以我現(xiàn)在不能從房子里出來(lái)了。[拓展]getoutof還有“改掉；戒掉”之意。IwishIcouldgetout

of

the

habit

ofsmoking.我希望我能改掉吸煙的習(xí)慣?；顚W(xué)活用It'sdifficultfortheboy.

togetoutof

(從

出來(lái))

theforest.Section

B9.Inthisbook,Aron

tells

of

theimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,

andof

being

in

control

of

one'slife.在這本書中，

阿倫闡述了作出正確決定以及掌控生命的重要性。詞匯點(diǎn)睛tellof講述，描述Thestorytellsof

thelifeofafamouspoet.這故事講述的是一個(gè)著名詩(shī)人的生平。Section

Bimportancen.

重要性；重要Tom

knows

the

importanceof

good

health.湯姆知道健康的重要性?；顚W(xué)活用EnglishisveryC

andallthestudentsknowthe

of

English

study.A.importance;importantB.important;importantC.important;importanceSection

Bdecisionn.決定；抉擇[探究]decision是decide

的名詞形式，意為“決定；抉擇”。

makeadecision/decisions

是固定搭配，意為“做決定”。[拓展]decide是動(dòng)詞，意為“決定；下決心”。decide

to

do

sth意

為“決定做某事；下決心做某事”。makeadecision

to

do

sth.=decidetodo

sth.=makeupone's

mindto

do

sth.Section

Bbeincontrolof管理，掌握Our

fate

is

in

control

of

ourselves.我們的命運(yùn)掌握在我們自己手中。[探究]control既可以作名詞，也可以作動(dòng)詞，意為“限制；約束；

管理”。[拓展]control的常見搭配如下：in

control在控制中

out

of

control失去控制

be

in

control

of掌

管；管理Section

B活學(xué)活用Thecarwasoutof

C

andhit

a

tree

by

the

road.A.dangerB.BreathC.control【解析】

danger意為“危險(xiǎn)”;

breath

意為“呼吸”;control意為“控

制”。結(jié)合題干中的“撞到了路邊的一棵樹”可知，汽車失去了控制。out

ofcontrol意為“失去控制”,故選C。Section

B11.Aron

did

not

give

upafter

the

accident

and

keepsonclimbingmountainstoday.阿倫在事故之后沒有放棄，今天還堅(jiān)持在爬山。

Whendidyougiveupplayingcomputergames?你是何時(shí)放棄玩電腦游戲的?詞匯點(diǎn)睛give

up[探究]giveup意為“

放棄

”,可單獨(dú)使用，也可后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。注意：give

up為“動(dòng)詞十副詞”型短語(yǔ)，代

詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在動(dòng)詞和副詞

中

間

0Section

B[拓展]give的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：give

away贈(zèng)送giveback

歸還；恢復(fù)

givein

屈服give

off

發(fā)出；放出

give

out分發(fā)Section

B活學(xué)活用[2018·黃岡]—IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish

well.I

want

to

drop

it.—Englishisveryimportantinourdailylife.Never

B

A.give

up

it

B.give

it

upC.give

away

it

D.give

it

away【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：

“我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很難，我想放

棄?！薄坝⒄Z(yǔ)在我們的日常生活中很重要，不要

?！庇纱送浦缶?/p>

句意為“不要放棄”。排除C、D。give

up是“動(dòng)詞十副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，

代詞作其賓語(yǔ)，必須位于give和up之間。故選B。Section

B●詞匯點(diǎn)睛keep

on

doing

sth.堅(jiān)持做某事[觀察]Thismedicinewillbeeffectiveif

youkeep

ontakingitfor

a

time.

如果你堅(jiān)持吃這種藥，會(huì)有效的。[探究]keep

on

doing/keepdoing

均表示“繼續(xù)做某事，反復(fù)做某事”,可互換，只是keep

on強(qiáng)

調(diào)間隔性和動(dòng)作的反復(fù)

性，及不顧警告，困難，反對(duì)等仍然堅(jiān)持要做下去。Section

B活學(xué)活用Hekept