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PAGE主題語境(三)人與自然Topic43人與環(huán)境①居住及環(huán)境(ResidenceandEnvironment)condition,situation,community,province,state,zone,district,border,downtown,suburb,rural,city,town,village,busy,________['kra?dId]30,quiet,peace,neighbourhood②居民及環(huán)境(ResidentandEnvironment)________[?p?pju'leI?n]87,agingpopulation,theaged,rangefrom...to,birthrate,resident,citizen,male,female,get...undercontrol,immigrate,useup,movement③自然環(huán)境(NaturalEnvironment)stream,pond,lake,ocean,bay,beach,desert,shore,coast,port,island,wave,continent,mountain,valley,rock,soil,field,plain④環(huán)境與愛護(EnvironmentandProtection)waste,awasteof,rubbish,litter,____________['???tId?]25,globalwarming,________['k?nsIkw?ns]24,result,asaresult,climatechange,greenhouseeffect,non-renewable,pollution,________[θret]21,fossilfuel,recycle,leadto,takemeasures,makeadifference,environmentalfriendly,atmosphere,balance,nature,discourage,inturn,inreturn,protect,reserve,conservation,lowcarbon,newenergy,solarenergy,windpower,renewable,conserve,development,replace,improvement⑤意義影響(Influence)attract,________['?dv?keIt]10,callon,________[prI'dIkt]29,disease,________['hɑ?m?ni]15,inharmonywith,symbol,intermsof,ofalltime,havecontrolover,makeefforts,________[?'la?]165,playarolein,promise,permit,attitude,________[pru?v]101crowded;population;shortage;consequence;threat;advocate;predict;harmony;allow;provepopulation①(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld'spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoselet.②(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeenpoorlystudied.(1)單句語法填空①ThepopulationofCanada________(be)about29million.②Abouteightypercentofthepopulationofthiscountry________(be)peasants.③InChina,therearemorethan300cities________apopulationbeyond1million.答案:①is②are③with(2)單句寫作①白族大約有200萬人口,其中90%生活在云南。TheBaiethnicgroup________________aroundtwomillion,90%ofwhomliveinYunnan.②這個國家有多少人口?________________thecountry?③中國的人口比世界上任何一個國家都多。ThepopulationofChina________________anyothercountryintheworld.答案:①hasapopulationof②What'sthepopulationof/Howlargeisthepopulationof③islargerthanthatof(1)n.(地區(qū)、國家等的)人口,人口數(shù)量allthepeoplewholiveinaparticulararea,cityorcountry;thetotalnumberofpeoplewholivethere(2)n.某領域的生物;族群;人口aparticulargroupofpeopleoranimalslivinginaparticulararea①有……人口eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(haveapopulationof+數(shù)字,通常在句中作謂語,withapopulationof+數(shù)字,通常在句中作定語))②某國/某地的人口thepopulationof+地點③詢問某國某地有多少人口eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Howlargeisthepopulationof+地點?,What'sthepopulationof+地點?))④整體人口(thepopulationof...)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù);部分人口(表示“人口的百分之幾、幾分之幾”)作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。人口多或少要用large或small。immigrateIamgoingtoimmigratetoAustraliawithmywholefamilynextmonth!(1)單句語法填空①Tom'sisafamilywhichhasjustmigrated________SouthAfricatoAsia.②Thenumberofillegal________(immigrate)inAmericafellby500,000between2007and2008.答案:①from②immigrants(2)單句寫作①他18歲時從印度移民出來。________________________atage18.②政府已經(jīng)確定收緊其移民政策。Thegovernmenthasdecidedtotighten____________________.答案:①HeimmigratedfromIndia②itsimmigrationpolicyvi.(從外地)移居;移民tocomeandlivepermanentlyinacountryafterleavingyourowncountryimmigrationn.移居(入境);移民人數(shù)immigrantn.(外來)移民migratev.遷徙migratefrom...to...從一個地方遷徙到另一個地方migrationn.遷徙,移動shortage(2024·浙江高考)Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.單句語法填空①MynameisThomas,andyoucancallmeTom________short.②Theusualword“pub”isshort________“publichouse”.③Accordingtosomescientists,we'llbeshort________energyinthenearfuture.④________short,wecan'tpleaseeveryoneallthetime.⑤Researchersfoundanalmosttotalcropfailureandasevere________(short)ofdrinkingwater.⑥________(short)aftermovingintoherapartment,shefoundajob.答案:①for②for③of④In⑤shortage⑥Shortlyn.不足;缺少;短缺asituationwhenthereisnotenoughofthepeopleorthingsthatareneededshortadj.矮的;短缺的beshortfor簡稱,縮寫beshortof缺少……in_short總之;簡言之forshort簡稱(常放在句末,后不接成分)shortlyadv.不久,立刻consequence①(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,DrPrinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.②Don'tworry.It'sofnoconsequence.單句寫作①Hehadbeenillforalongtimeand____________________(結果)hewasbehindinhiswork.②Wemust____________________(擔當后果)ofourowndeed.③Bothsidesthinkofthepoint____________________(無意義).答案:①inconsequence/asaconsequence②taketheconsequences③ofnoconsequence(1)n.結果;后果aresultofsth.thathashappened(2)n.重要性importanceadvocate①Weadvocateapeacefulsettlementofinternationaldisputes.②(2024·浙江高考)Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration(融合).(1)單句語法填空①Manyexpertsadvocate________(reward)yourchildforgoodbehaviour.②Thereportadvocatedthatallbuildings________(fit)withsmokedetectors.答案:①rewarding②(should)befitted(2)單句寫作①一些人主見改革一些現(xiàn)行的教化制度。Somepeople____________________somepresenteducationalsystems.②人們提倡實行措施愛護環(huán)境。Peopleadvocatethatsomething____________________toprotecttheenvironment.③令他們悲觀的是,沒有人同意這一新政策。Totheirdisappointment,thereis____________________thenewpolicy.答案:①advocatereforming②(should)bedone③noadvocatefor/of(1)v.擁護;支持;提倡tosupportsth.publicly(2)n.擁護者;支持者;提倡者apersonwhosupportsorspeaksinfavourofsb.orofapublicplanoractionadvocatedoingsth.提倡做某事advocate+that從句(從句謂語動詞用should+動詞原形,should可省略)anadvocatefor/of……的支持/擁護者predict(2024·天津高考)Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.(1)用predict的適當形式填空①Thebestway________yourfutureistocreateit.②They________greatthingsfortheboybuttheboydidn'tbelievethem.③Skilledreadersmakeuseofcontextand________.④Theendingofthefilmisentirely________.答案:①topredict②predicted③prediction④predictable(2)單句寫作①很難預料這次事故會有什么長期影響。____________________whatthelong-termeffectsoftheaccidentwillbe.②據(jù)預料,2024年是電動汽車年。____________________2024willbetheyearoftheelectriccar.③他不情愿預料來年哪些書會有銷路。Hewasunwilling____________________whichbookswouldsellinthecomingyear.答案:①Itisdifficulttopredict②Itispredictedthat③tomakeapredictionaboutvt.預言;預報;預報tosaythatsth.willhappeninthefuturepredict+n.預報/預料……predict+從句預料……predict+n.+todosth.預料……做某事It_is_predicted_that...據(jù)預料……predictionn.預言;預料;預報makeaprediction預料;預報predictableadj.可預見的;可預料的prove①(2024·北京高考)Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod.②Thepromotionprovedtobeaturningpointinhiscareer.(1)單句語法填空①Onthelongjourneyheprovedhimself________(be)anamusingcompany.②Iwantedtoprove________myselfthatIcoulddoit.③I'llprovemy________(innocent)toyouoneday.答案:①tobe②to③innocence(2)單句寫作①給他們一個機會來向你證明他們可以幫忙吧。Givethemachanceto____________________theycanhelp.②這項任務比我們預想原來的難得多。Thetask____________________thanwe'dthought.答案:①provetoyouthat②provedtobemoredifficult(1)v.證明;證明tousefacts,evidence,etc.toshowthatsth.istrue(2)v.后來被發(fā)覺是;最終顯現(xiàn)為ifsth.provesdangerous,expensive,etc.orifitprovestobedangerous,etc.,youdiscoverthatitisdangerous,etc.overaperiodoftimeⅠ.閱讀(2024·“皖豫聯(lián)盟體”中學畢業(yè)班第一次考試)Withalltherecentconcernabouttheenvironment,peoplewanttoseetheirmoneyusedtobettertheplanet.Herearefourwell-knownenvironmentalorganizations.WorldWildlifeFund(WWF)TheWorldWildlifeFundisperhapsoneofthebest-knownorganizationsfortheprotectionofendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitatsaroundtheworld.They'vebeenaroundforover45years.Youcandonatethroughtheirwebsite,jointheirorga-nizationasamember,oradoptananimalthroughtheironlineadoptioncenter.NationalGeographicSociety(NGS)NationalGeographicSocietyiswell-knownfortheirmagazineandtheirspecialsonTV.Theorganizationitselfisoneofthelongest-runningintheworld—they'vebeenaroundsince1888focusingonexplorationandconservationofforests,oceans,habitats,speciesandsocieties.Youchoosetodonatethroughthewebsitenationalgeographic,buysomethingattheironlinestore,ororderamagazinesubscription.NationalWildlifeFederation(NWF)Foundedofficiallyin1937,theNationalWildlifeFe-derationtriestoprotectwildlifeatallcosts.Infact,theybelievethathavingthepubliceducatedisthebestwaytohelptheenvironment—themoreyouknow,themoreyoucanprotecttheworldwelivein.DonationstotheNWFcanbemadethroughtheirwebsiteorthroughotheroptions,likematchinggifts,workplacegiving,ormemorialdonations.EcologyFund.comSetupin1976,EcologyFundisrunonuserclicks.Advertisersbuyadspaceonthesiteeverytimesomeoneclicks.Themoneygoestobuyendangeredwildernesslandtoprotectitfromcompaniesthatwoulddestroyit.Sofar,EcologyFundhasboughtlandinmanyareas.Thebestthingaboutthissiteisthatyouneedn'tdonateanymoney—allyouhavetodoisclick.篇章導讀:本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個聞名的環(huán)保組織。人類只有一個地球,它是生命的搖籃(cradleoflife),是人類共有的家園。環(huán)境污染與生態(tài)破壞,已經(jīng)對人類的社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和人們的正常生活構成了現(xiàn)實威逼。愛惜環(huán)境,崇尚文明,愛護我們美妙的家園(protectourbeautifulhome),無疑是我們的道義和責任!1.Whichenvironmentalorganizationhasthelongesthistory?A.EcologyFund.B.WorldWildlifeFund.C.NationalGeographicSociety.D.NationalWildlifeFederation.答案:C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,WWF有45年以上的歷史;NGS從1888年就起先存在,是世界上運營時間最長的組織之一,迄今已有超過100年的歷史;NWF成立于1937年;EcologyFund成立于1976年,因此NGS時間最長。2.WhatdoesNWFthinkisthemostimportantinenvironmentalprotection?A.Knowledge. B.Management.C.Money. D.Patience.答案:A推理推斷題。依據(jù)NationalWildlifeFederation部分中的“Infact,theybelievethathavingthepubliceducatedisthebestwaytohelptheenvironment—themoreyouknow,themoreyoucanprotecttheworldwelivein.”可知,NWF認為,讓公眾受教化是幫助環(huán)境的最佳方式。由此可以推斷,NWF認為學問在環(huán)保中是最重要的。3.InwhatwaydoesEcologyFunddifferfromtheotherthreeorganizations?A.Thesizeofnetworks.B.Thewayofoperation.C.Thestrengthofinfluence.D.Thedegreeofpopularity.答案:B推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章對四個環(huán)保組織的介紹可知,EcologyFund是靠用戶的點擊率獲得廣告收入的方式運營的,用戶無需捐錢,而其他三個環(huán)保組織都接受包括捐款在內(nèi)的多種方式的支持。由此可以推斷,EcologyFund與其他三個環(huán)保組織的運營方式不同。①concernn.(尤指很多人共同的)擔憂,憂慮②endangeredadj.面臨滅亡的③adoptionn.收養(yǎng);領養(yǎng)④conservationn.(對環(huán)境的)愛護(第四段第一句)Foundedofficiallyin1937,theNationalWildlifeFederationtriestoprotectwildlifeatallcosts.國家野生動物聯(lián)合會于1937年正式成立,不惜一切代價愛護野生動物。(2024·浙江高考)Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(資源).ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪).Sincethe1930s,McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.篇章導讀:本文是一篇調(diào)查報告。調(diào)查表明,加利福尼亞州的大樹變少了,而氣候變更是其中的一個主要因素。愛護環(huán)境,須要我們每個人從身邊的每一件小事做起。低碳生活,人人有責。(Alow-carbonlifeiseveryone'sresponsibility.)4.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.B.TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.C.ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.D.TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.答案:A段落大意題。其次段中通過列舉一系列數(shù)字表明,加利福尼亞州的大樹削減的嚴峻性,故A項正確。5.Whichofthefollowingiswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?A.Ecologicalstudiesofforests.B.Banningwoodcutting.C.Limitinghousingdevelopment.D.Firecontrolmeasures.答案:D推理推斷題。第三段中提到了造成加利福尼亞州的大樹削減的三個因素:woodcutters,housingdevelopment與aggressivewildfirecontrol。前兩個因素干脆與大樹的削減有關,假如能限制住,大樹就不會削減;而第三個因素——限制野火的措施使得加利福尼亞州的森林里滿是跟大樹爭奪資源的小樹,初衷是好的,為了限制野火,實則對大樹不利,故D項正確。6.WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMcIntyre?A.Inadequatesnowmelt.B.Alongerdryseason.C.Awarmerclimate.D.Dampnessoftheair.答案:C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“...thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures...”可知,水資源不足的主要緣由就是氣溫上升,即更加暖和的氣候,故C項正確。7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.California'sForests:WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?B.CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoonC.WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaFo-rests?D.PatrickMcIntyre:GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia答案:A標題推斷題。本文是一篇調(diào)查報告,第一段就點出主題:Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s。后面詳細分析了加利福尼亞州大樹的現(xiàn)狀、造成大樹削減的緣由等,故A項作為標題最合適。①declinev.削減②ecologistn.生態(tài)學家③aggressiveadj.富于攻擊性的④documentv.記錄n.文件(第五段第一句)Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.在樹木缺水最嚴峻的地區(qū),大樹的損失最大。(2024·北京高考)Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”篇章導讀:本文是一篇說明文。調(diào)查表明,由于氣候變暖,全球的海洋將會變得更藍、更綠。海洋是人類的生物寶庫,我們要增加海洋意識,愛護蔚藍海洋,立志成為愛護海洋生物的有心人(determinedtobeadedicateddefenderofmarinelife)。8.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.答案:B段落大意題。文章第一段點題:由于氣候變暖,全球的海洋將會變得更藍、更綠。其次段介紹由于光從生物體反射的方式,這些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五彩繽紛的圖案;氣候變更又使得這些浮游植物在某些區(qū)域加速生長而在其他地方有所削減,導致海洋表面的顏色變更。由此可知前兩段講了海洋顏色變更的緣由,故B項正確。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial.C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.答案:A詞義揣測題。畫線詞后一句提到,氣候變暖變更了海洋的主要特點并能影響浮游植物的生長,因為它們要生長不僅僅須要陽光和二氧化碳,也須要養(yǎng)分。由此可知,這些浮游植物對海洋變暖很敏感,故A項正確。10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B.Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.答案:D推理推斷題。倒數(shù)其次段中提到這些浮游植物是海洋食物鏈的基礎,假如某些種類的浮游植物消逝了,會影響能存活的魚的類型,從而影響海洋食物鏈,并結合文章第四段倒數(shù)其次句可知浮游植物多的區(qū)域海水會變得更綠,故D項正確。11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.答案:C主旨大意題。文章主要論述了隨著氣候變暖,全球的海洋將會變得更藍、更綠,即氣候變更對海洋有影響,故C項正確。①phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象②regulatevt.調(diào)整,限制③multipleadj.數(shù)量多的,多種多樣的④leadto導致;通向⑤giveoff散發(fā)出(氣體、熱量或氣味)(第三段其次句)Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.譯文:當這些生物體死亡時,它們將碳埋在深海中,這是一個幫助調(diào)整全球氣候的重要過程。分析:本句是復合句,“Whentheseorganismsdie”是條件狀語從句,后面的主句中“animportantprocess”后面含一個定語從句“thathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate”。(2024·黃岡市高三質(zhì)量檢測)WilliamLindesayhasbeeninterestedintheGreatWallofChinasinceseeingitinaschoolatlas(地圖冊)asachildinEngland.“Ivividlyrecallseeinginthe“OxfordSchoolAtlas”theGreatWallwithitsbattlementsymbol.Fromthatmoment,IhadinmymindthatwhenIgrewupI'dgotoChinaandwalkalongtheGreatWallfromendtoend.”Lindesay'sabout3,000kmsolorunalongtheGreatWallbeganin1987.Runningthelengthofthewallwasabraveexpedition,venturingintosparselypopulatedregionswheretherewaslittlechanceofhelpiftherunnerhadanaccident.Duringanothertrip,LindesayandhisteamventureddeepintotheGobiDesertofMongolia.Theexplorersalmostdiedfromdehydration(脫水).Intotal,Lindesayestimatesinaninterviewthathehasspentabout1,600daysofhislife,orfourfullyears,ontheGreatWallinallseasons.Lindesayandhiswife,WuQi,whomhegottoknowandfellinlovewithduringhistripsinChina,hadafarmhouseatthefootofthewall.Duringhisexploration,henoticedsomesectionsofthewallwerebadlydamagedandcoveredwithlitter.Modernizationanddevelopmentweremakingthesituationevenworse.“Somepeoplesayitwilltakegenerationstochange;Isaywedon'thavegenerationsoftime.It'sgottobemuchquicker,”hesaid.Lindesayalwayscarriesagarbagebagwithhiminthewilderness,pickinglitteralongtheway.Lindesayusesagarbagebagashiscallingcard.TheclothbagbearsasetofninesimpleguidelinesinChinese,whichcallsonpeopletoobservewhiletravelingorcampingoutdoors:“Takeyourowngarbagehome”“Pickuplitterleftbyothers“Don'tdamageplantsorflowers,orpickfruit”andlotsmore.篇章導讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一位外國友人Lindesay從小就愛上了長城,長大后游歷長城,結識愛妻,并做長城的清道夫的故事。長城是中國也是世界上修建時間最長、工程量最大的一項古代防衛(wèi)工程,是我國乃至世界上的寶貴物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)(preciousmaterialandculturalheritage),我們要好好愛惜長城的環(huán)境!12.WhatsparkedWilliamLindesay'sdreamofexploringtheGreatWall?A.SeeingamovieabouttheGreatWall. B.ExperiencingawarfortheGreatWall.C.SurfingawebsiteabouttheGreatWall. D.AdmiringtheGreatWallintheschoolatlas.答案:D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“WilliamLindesayhasbeeninterestedintheGreatWallofChinasinceseeingitinaschoolatlas(地圖冊)asachildinEngland.”可知WilliamLindesay自從孩提時在學校的地圖冊上看到長城就愛上了長城。13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sparsely”mean?A.Remotely. B.Rarely. C.Frequently. D.Largely.答案:B詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“populatedregionswheretherewaslittlechanceofhelpiftherunnerhadanaccident”可推知,人口稀有的地方供應幫助的機會也少,故選B。14.WhatworsenedthesituationoftheGreatWall?A.Thedestroyedecosystems. B
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