2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit1ScienceFictionUsingLanguage素養(yǎng)作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit1ScienceFictionUsingLanguageⅠ.單句語法填空1.Itismuchbetterifpaymentscanbefiguredoutonaweekly(week)basis.2.Hecalculated(calculate)hisgainsandlossesofmoneyandtheresultwasaminus.3.Theyfetched(fetch)watertwiceaweekfromthebottomofthehillwherethewellwas.4.That’sahardtruth—butit’snoexcuseforinaction(inactive).5.Thereisnotasharpdivision(divide)betweenthesetwoactivities.6.Iwaspreventedfromgoingtotheconcertbyurgent(urge)business.7.Worriedabouttheunfinishedhomework,Mikegotupandpaced(pace)upanddowntheroom.8.Hiseyesdarkenedandthecrowdedflaringstreetsbecomeblurred(blur)tohiseyes.9.Therewasaterribleexplosion(explode)atthechemicalplant.10.ThroughthathotsummerMartinandLeoralaboured(labour),painting.Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空1.Hissecondbookturnedouttobearunawaybest-seller.2.Thesalesofcolddrinksusuallyfallawayinwinterwhileincreaseinsummer.3.MyjudgementisthatChicagoissuperiortoLosAngeleseconomically.4.Hispointofviewcameintoconflictwithmine.5.Theequipmentischeckedonaregularbasis.6.Whenhegrowsup,hewilltakeoverthecompanyfromhisfather.7.Notknowingwhichbookissuitableforhim,theboytookoneatrandom.8.IcalculatedthatIwasbeingpushedthroughtimeathundredsofyearsaminute.9.Isawhugebuildingsriseup,andthendisappearlikeinadream.10.Astreammarksthedivisionbetweenthetwofarms.Ⅲ.完成句子1.Idrewadeepbreath(深吸一口氣),graspedtheropeandslippeddownthemountain.

2.Thismodelistechnicallysuperiorto(超過)itscompetitors.

3.Sheiswidelyregardedas(認(rèn)為)thecurrentleader’snaturalsuccessor.

4.Itishardtoexplain(很難說明)thestrangeandunpleasantfeelingoftimetravelling.

5.Thecarisrunningataspeedof(以……的速度)sixtymilesanhour.

6.Therocketistravellingatmaximumspeed(以最大速度).

7.Afireworkexplodeswithasuddenloudnoise(突然一聲巨響).

8.Shewaschosenforthejobonthebasisof(依據(jù))herqualifications.

9.Whenweheardofthestory,wehadanurgetoknow(有劇烈愿望想知道)theendingofit.

10.Youjustmakeanoteof(登記來)thetopicsthatarediscussedandtheresultofthediscussion.

Ⅰ.閱讀理解AForyears,theU.S.hasexperiencedashortageofregisterednurses.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsprojectsthatwhilethenumberofnurseswillincreaseby19percentby2024,demandwillgrowfasterthansupply,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobsbythen.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,delivermedicationsandotheritems.Itfollowsaspecificindividual,suchasadoctorornurse,whocanuseittorecordandaccesspatientdata.Thistypeofrobotwilllikelybeoneofthefirsttobeimplementedinhospitalsbecauseithasfairlyminimalpatientcontact.Arobot’sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans,whichiswhytheRIKEN-TRIIt’simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon’tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses,thoughrobotdoctorsandsurgeonsmaynotbefaroff.Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheinteractionofrobotswillleadtocollaboration,notreplacement.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了日本幾款可以充當(dāng)某些看護工作的“機器人護士”,但也指出機器人不會取代護士,他們是合作而非替代關(guān)系。1.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutJapan?A.Itrankstopinfutureroboticstechnology.B.Ittakestheleadinofferingroboticnursing.C.Itisindesperateneedofregisterednurses.D.Itprovidesthebestmedicationfortheelderly.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)二三段的Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.(那么解決方案是什么呢?機器人。在這一趨勢方面,日本走在了前面)可知,日本在供應(yīng)機器人護理方面是領(lǐng)先的。故選B。2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“implemented”underlinedinParagraph3?A.Cancelled. B.Constructed.C.Improved. D.Applied.【解析】選D。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段的其次、三句可知,豐橋科技高校開發(fā)了機器人醫(yī)療推車Terapio,它可以在醫(yī)院巡察、運輸藥物和其他物品。它跟著特定的人,例如醫(yī)生或者護士,他們可以運用它來記錄以及運用病人的數(shù)據(jù)。再結(jié)合畫線詞所在的句子,可推想,畫線詞的意思是“應(yīng)用的”,因為上文所提到的內(nèi)容,就是它在醫(yī)院的應(yīng)用狀況。故選D。3.WhatdoweknowabouttherobotActroidF?A.Ithasnodifferencefromahumannurse.B.Itgetsfavorableremarksfromallthepatients.C.Itinteractswithpatientslikeahumancompanion.D.Itusesbodylanguageevenmoreeffectivelythanwords.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的第三句可知,這個可以溝通的機器人同伴眼睛里有照相機,這使得它可以跟蹤病人,并用適當(dāng)?shù)拿娌勘砬楹椭w語言進行互動,ActroidF最大的特點是它可以像人類同伴一樣和病人進行互動。故選C。4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cooperationwillnotbereplaced.B.Nurseswillstillplaytheirroles.C.Theroboticsindustrywillbepromising.D.Robotscanmeetpatients’immediateneeds.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的第一句可知,機器人護士不會確定治療的過程或者做出診斷;再結(jié)合最終一句,Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheinteractionofrobotswillleadtocollaboration,notreplacement.可推想,護士會接著履行自己的工作,因為機器人護士和人類是合作關(guān)系,也不會確定治療過程或做出診斷,故選B。BWhetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobecomealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotcompanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser.TheJiborobot,arrangedtoshiplaterthisyear,isdesignedtobeapersonalizedassistant.Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.Therobotdoesn’tjustdelivergeneralanswerstoquestions;itrespondsbasedonwhatitlearnsabouteachindividualinthehousehold.Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.Socialrobotsarenotjustfindingtheirwayintothehome.Theyhavepotentialapplicationsineverythingfromeducationtohealthcareandarealreadyfindingtheirwayintosomeofthesespaces.FellowRobotsisonecompanybringingsocialrobotstothemarket.Thecompany’s“Oshbot”robotisbuilttoassistcustomersinastore,whichcanhelpthecustomersfinditemsandhelpguidethemtotheproduct’slocationinthestore.Itcanalsospeakdifferentlanguagesandmakerecommendationsfordifferentitemsbasedonwhatthecustomerisshoppingfor.Themoreinteractiontherobothaswithhumans,themoreitlearns.ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees.“Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus,”saidBreazeal.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了社會機器人的功能與作用。5.Howaresocialrobotsdifferentfromhouseholdrobots?A.Theycancontroltheiremotions.B.Theyaremorelikehumans.C.Theydothenormalhousework.D.Theyrespondtousersmoreslowly.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中其次段中的...socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.以及Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeoneishappyorsad.可知,社會機器人更像人,比如這些機器人能夠辨別人的心情是興奮還是哀痛。故選B。6.WhatcantheJiborobotdoaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Communicatewithyouandperformoperations.B.Answeryourquestionsandmakerequests.C.Takeyourfamilypicturesanddelivermilk.D.Obeyyourordersandremindyoutotakepills.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.和Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.可知,這個機器人可以聽你的指令,提示家庭成員吃藥或拍照。故選D。7.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatsocialrobotswill.

A.trainemployeesB.beourworkmatesC.improvetechnologiesD.taketheplaceofworkers【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Breazeal的話“Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus”可以推斷出,社會機器人可以和我們一起做事情。故選B。8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlypresent?A.Anewdesignideaofhouseholdrobots.B.Marketingstrategiesforsocialrobots.C.Informationonhouseholdrobots.D.Anintroductiontosocialrobots.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要介紹了社會機器人的功能與作用。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀填句依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Areyouanangrybird?Whenyou’reangry,yourbodybecomestense.1Herearesomeothersimpletrickstochill(放松)andthinkbeforeyouact.

UnderstandyourangerThinklikeadetectiveandtrackdowncluesaboutthekindsofsituations,people,andeventsthatsetoffyouranger.2Evenifyoucan’tgetawayfromthem,atleastyou’llhavemoretimetoprepareforthemsotheydon’taffectyousonegatively.Youcanalsothinkofthesituationasanopportunitytopracticenotgettingmad.

GoforawalkWhenyougetreallyangry,walkawayfromthesource.A5-minutewalkoutsideoranothercalmingactivitylikeyogaarebothgreatstrategiesfordealingwithanger.Ifyourangerarisesfromthetrafficjamyou’restuckin,turnuptheradioandsingatthetopofyourlungs.3

Writeletters4Soifyou’retryingtocalmdownfast,grabyourjournalandwriteitallout.Youcansimplywriteyourownfeelingsortrywritingalettertothepersonwhoupsetsyou.Youneverhavetosenditandjustwritingitwillhelpyoufeelbetter.

TalkaboutyourangerIt’snotjustwritingthathelpsrelieveanger.5Thetrickisnottounloadyourangeronthepersonmakingyouupsetbuttoreleaseyourpressurebytalkingwithaneutral(中立的)friend,familymember,orspecialist.Aneutralobservercanbringreasonablejudgmenttothesituation.Youcaneventrytalkingoutloudtoyourselfaboutit.

Nowthatyou’velearnedhowtokeepyourangerincheck,trysomeoftheselittlechangesthatwillmakeyouahappierperson.A.Expressingitorallycanalsobeincrediblycalming.B.Onceyou’reawareofthem,trytoavoidthemaspossible.C.Writingoutyourfeelingsreallydoeshelpyoufeelbetter.D.Theideaistocreateamentalorphysicalescapefromthesituation.E.Losingyourtempermakesyoulooklikethebadguytoeveryoneelse.F.Deepbreathingisjustoneofthewaysyoucaninstantlyturnabadmoodaround.G.Exercisecanhelppeoplelowertheirlevelsofangerandothernegativeemotions.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四種限制生氣的建議,建議人們試著做一些能讓自己更歡樂的小變更。1.【解析】選F。依據(jù)上文Whenyou’reangry,yourbodybecomestense.可知當(dāng)你生氣時,你的身體會變得驚慌。由此可知,本句承接上文說明人生氣時,會發(fā)出的一些動作,例如深呼吸等。故F選項“深呼吸只是你能立即扭轉(zhuǎn)壞心情的方法之一”符合上下文語境,故選F。2.【解析】選B。依據(jù)上一句像偵探一樣思索,找出引起你生氣的各種狀況、人物和事務(wù)的線索。以及空后的句子即使你無法擺脫它們,至少你會有更多的時間來打算它們,這樣它們就不會對你產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響?？芍?本句承接上文說明,找到這些引起你生氣的各種狀況、人物和事務(wù)的線索之后,應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能避開它們。故B選項“一旦你意識到它們,盡可能避開它們”符合上下文語境,故選B。3.【解析】選D。由空前句子可知當(dāng)你真的生氣的時候,遠(yuǎn)離源頭。5分鐘的戶外漫步或其他像瑜伽一樣的安靜活動都是處理生氣心情的好方法。假如你的生氣是由于你被困在交通堵塞中,打開收音機,大聲唱歌。由此可知,本段說明的是離開讓你生氣的源頭,轉(zhuǎn)移留意力,創(chuàng)建一個精神或身體上的躲避狀況。故選D。4.【解析】選C。依據(jù)空后的句子可知,假如你想快速安靜下來,拿起你的日記,把它全部寫下來。你可以簡潔地寫下你自己的感受,或者試著寫一封信給讓你不安的人。你不必發(fā)送它,只是寫它會讓你感覺更好。由此可知,本段說明的是生氣時,寫下你的感覺,會讓你感覺更好。故選C。5.【解析】選A。依據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Talkaboutyouranger(談?wù)撃愕纳鷼?以及空后的句子可知,訣竅不是把你的生氣發(fā)泄在讓你難受的人身上,而是通過和一個中立的摯友、家人或?qū)＜医徽剚磲尫拍愕膲毫?。一個中立的視察者可以對狀況做出合理的推斷。你甚至可以試著大聲對自己說。由此可知,本段主要說明的是用口頭表達的方式來緩解生氣,讓自己安靜下來。故選A。主題活動·遷移應(yīng)用Ⅰ.語用功能表達·表示時間依次的語篇標(biāo)記詞1.Firstofall,weshouldmakeprimaryeducationuniversal.首先我們應(yīng)普及初等教化。2.Wepickupacanfirst,andthenuseacanopeneronit.我們先拿起一個罐頭,然后用開罐器來開罐頭。3.Hisaccentatoncebetrayedthefactthathewasaforeigner.他的腔調(diào)立即顯示出他是一個外國人的事實。4.Alargecrowdheldameetingroundtherestaurantthefollowingday.其次天就有一大群人在那個餐館四周實行集會?！け磉_作者組織語篇方式的語篇標(biāo)記詞1.Videomayalsoproveusefulinsituationswherenotetakingisdifficult,suchasinamovingcar.在一些不適合做筆記的場合,例如行駛的車中,攝像也有用武之地。2.I’llseeyouinaweek’stime—thatistosay,nextMonday.我們見面時間支配在一星期后,也就是說下星期一。3.That’squitetrue,butontheotherhand,wehavetothinkofourinterests.那很對,但另一方面,我們必需考慮我們的利益。4.Inconclusion,wearenowinfaceofanewworld,wheretheideaofscienceitselfischanging.總之,我們正面對一個新世界,在新世界中,科學(xué)自身的概念也在發(fā)生變更。5.Wecan’tactonyouradvice.Nevertheless,thankyouforgivingit.我們不能照你