語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題十一-狀語從句常用動(dòng)詞及搭配(一)

語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題十一-----狀語從句、常用動(dòng)詞及搭配（一）狀語從句狀語從句有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等八種。一、時(shí)間狀語從句：引導(dǎo)詞有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，assoonas，themoment/minute…（一…就），thetime,theday,everytime,nexttime,eachtime，bythetimeof，nosooner…than（一…就），hardly…when（一…就）．例如：Each/Everytimehecomeshere,hewilldropinonme.每次他來這兒他都順便看我．HewasilllasttimeIsawhim.上次我見到他時(shí)他病了．Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshecried.她一聽到這個(gè)消息就哭了．[辨析]when與whilewhen引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的或短暫性的，while引導(dǎo)的從句中動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的；在“be…when…”句式中when表“atthattime(就在這時(shí))”意，這樣用的when不能換為while；while有時(shí)并不表示時(shí)間，而表示對(duì)比，意“而”、“卻”，when無這樣的用法。例如：WhenIgothomeIfoundthedoorlocked./While(或When)wewereworkinginthefields,itsuddenlybegantorain./Hewaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenabikehithim./Hispencilisred,whilemineisyellow.[辨析]till與until一般情況下可以互換，但until可以位于句首，till則不能。例如：Untilitstopsraining，thechildrencantgoout.雨停了，孩子們才能出去．＝Notuntiltherainstopscanthechildrengoout.二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有where，wherever.例如：Illgowhereverthepeoplewantmetogo.(wherever＝toanyplacewhere)Heworkswherehisgrandfatherfought.(where＝intheplacewhere)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(Where＝Intheplacewhere)三、原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)回答以why提出的問題時(shí)，只能用because,而不能用as等。since＝now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明顯的原因，由此加以推論。例如：Nowthat/Sinceyouarefreetoday,youmayhavearestathomeorgooutforawalk.for是一個(gè)并列連詞，用來連接兩個(gè)并列句，引導(dǎo)的句子是對(duì)前面一句話的內(nèi)容的推測(cè)或補(bǔ)充說明。例如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet./Thedayhasbroken,forthebirdsaresinging.(這兩句中的for都不可換為because或as,since等。)四、目的狀語引導(dǎo)詞有sothat,inorderthat,that,incase（免得，以防）。目的狀語從句謂語常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：Heranasfastaspossibleinorderthathecouldcatchthebus./PleaseremindmeofitagaintomorrowincaseIforget.請(qǐng)明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘記。五、方式（或比較）狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有as,asif,asthough,than,as/so…as,themore…themore.例如：Tomisnotso/astallasJohn./Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain./HerunsfasterthanI.注：as…as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。六、結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有so…that,such…that,sothat.例如：Heworkssohardthathemakesgreatprogressinhisstudies.Itssuchadifficultproblemthatnobodycanworkitout.TheresnotanynoiseheresothatIfeelverycomfortable.第3個(gè)例句中sothat從句不是目的狀語從句，從結(jié)構(gòu)上看沒有can,may等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從意思上看Ifeelverycomfortalbe是Theresnotanynoise的結(jié)果．七、條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase（如果）等，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（含現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），一般過去時(shí)（含過去完成時(shí)）分別代替一般將來時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)。例如：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwontgothere./Hesaidhewouldnotgobackhomeunlesshehadachievedalot./Illstudysolongas.Imalive./Incasehecome,letmeknow.如果他來的話，告訴我一聲。If引導(dǎo)的條件句可以是真實(shí)性條件句，也可以是非真實(shí)性條件句（用于虛擬語氣）八、讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞有though,although,evenif,eventhough,as,whoever,whatever,however,nomatter＋what/who/when/…等。例如：Though/Althoughheisill,hestillgoestoschool./Shestartedherexperiment,eventhoughshehadlittlemoney./Whateveryoufound,youmustturnitin./Howeverhardheworked,hehardlymadeanyprogress.as作“盡管”意時(shí)，一般將其句中的表語放在句首，例如：Youngasheis,heknowsalot.＝Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.若表語為名詞，冠詞要省略，例如：Childas/thoughheis,hehasrememberedalotofEnglishwords.(此句中though不可換為although)although或though不能與but同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中，但是“Although/Though…，(and)yet…”句式卻是正確的。例如：Althoughitisrainingheavily,yettheyarerepairingthebridge.狀語從句考點(diǎn)分析1.IfyougotoXian,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly.(上海高考)A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose析：than后實(shí)際上是一個(gè)比較狀語從句的省略式，其完整形式是thantheyarecommonlysupposed.所以答案為B.2.Wewontgiveupweshouldfailtentimes.(NMET)A.evenifB.sinceC.whetherD.until析：觀察題干，空白處應(yīng)填一表“即使”之意的詞，故應(yīng)選A.3.－Whatwasthepartylike?－Wonderful.ItsyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.(NMET)A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since析：答話者既然說“Wonderful”,那么后面的話必然是對(duì)此作進(jìn)一步的補(bǔ)充說明，只有選Ｄ項(xiàng)才能表達(dá)“我多年未曾這么開心過了”意思。注意這兒的since從句中謂語動(dòng)詞enjoyed是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，該句相當(dāng)于Ihaventenjuedmyselfsomuchforyears.4.Johnplaysfootball,ifnotbetterthan,David.(NMET)A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas析：ifnotbetterthan是插入語，可將其撇開，這時(shí)空白處要填aswellas才能與David相連接，D項(xiàng)在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C兩項(xiàng)皆少as，故答案為B。5.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,greatitis.(NMET)A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever析：觀察題目，可知空白處要填一詞與great合表“無論多大”意。而however＝nomatterhow,與great一起正好表此意，其余項(xiàng)都不能表這意思。故答案為C。6.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyFatherwasawayinFrance.(NMET)A.asB.thatC.duringD.if析：首先可以排除C，因?yàn)閐uring是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。B項(xiàng)that,Ｄ項(xiàng)if都不能引導(dǎo)原因狀語，故只能選A、as表“因?yàn)椤薄?.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,,infactIwastalkingaboutmydanughter.A．whomB．whereC．whichD．while析：空白處需填一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的連詞，while可表“而”、“卻”意，故答案為D.8.IadmithisgoodpointsIcanseehisbadones.A.whenB.asC.whileD.before析：若選A、B或D，admit應(yīng)改為admitted，can應(yīng)改為could,因?yàn)閣hen,as表示“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”before表“在…之前”，通常涉及過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況．此題選C，while在此不表“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”意，而表“雖然、盡管”意。全句意思是“盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我還是看到他的缺點(diǎn)”。狀語從句專練1.IgettoPairs,I’llcallyouupattheairport.A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Altough2.theheadmastercomes,wewon’tdiscussthisplan.A.UnlessB.IfnotC.ExceptD.Whether3.Billmusthavebeenawayfromtheoffice.howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.A.WhateverB.NomatterC.InspiteofD.Though4.IhadbeentoBeijinglongyouvisitedit.A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when5.,heisgoodatdrawing.A.TobeachildB.AchildasheisC.AsachildD.Childasheis6.Dontbediscouragedyouhavefallenbehindothers.A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however7.Wecangetthereontimethecardoesntbreakdown.A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif8.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；asexpensiveC.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive9.Itwasntlonghejoinedthejob.A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and10.Theseplanescanflythantheoldones.A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfastC.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster11.hadthebellrungthestudentstooktheirseats.A.Hardly；whenB.Nosooner；whenC.Hardly；thanD.Nosooner；then12.manytimes，buthestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold13.wehavecome,let’sstayandenjoyit.A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since14.You’dbetterdoyouarerequired.A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as15.thatnoneofuscouldfollowhim.A.HespokeveryfastB.SofasthespokeC.ToofasthespokeD.Sofastdidhespeak16.I’llstartearly,itmaybedark.A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.though17.thebabyfellasleeptheroom.A.After；didthemotherleaveB.Notuntil；didthemotherleaveC.Notuntil；themotherleftD.Soonafter；themotherhadleft18.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.While19.Hecan’thavegoneout,thelightisstillon.A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for20.IwaswalkingalongtheriverIheardacryforhelp.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as21.Weshouldn’tdothatdangerousexperimenttheteacheriswithus.A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas22.Hehaslittleeducationheisunabletofindajob.A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and23.Thesoldierwaswounded，hepushedon.A.forB.andC.soD.yet24.Thefullletterreadsfollows.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which25.Willyougoourmotherlandneedsusmostaftergraduation?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.totheplacewhich26.Thisisarevisionpaper.Whenyoudoit,you’dbettermakeamarkyouhavequestions.A.whereB.theplaceC.asifD.since27.Waterpowerstationarebuiltbigwaterfalls.A.wherethereareB.wheretherehaveC.whichhasD.whichare28.IamsureI’llmeetkind－h(huán)eartedmanIgo.A.whereB.totheplacewhereC.whereverD.theplace29.Sheissogoodatplayingtable－tennisthatshecanhittheballshewantsittogo.A.theplacewhereB.thatC.inwhichD.where30.Itwashismothercameintopreparehislessons.A.notuntil；didtheboybeginB.until；thattheboybeganC.until；didtheboybeginD.notuntil；thattheboybegan狀語從句專練答案：1－5CABAD6－10CBCBD11－15ACDDD16－20DBCDC21－25CCDBB26－30AACDD常用動(dòng)詞搭配（一）△含break詞組：1.breakawayfrom擺脫、逃掉、改掉、斷絕來往。例：Thelittleboybrokeawayfromhismotherandranaway.2.breakdown損壞、身體衰弱。例：Thecarbrokedown.3.breakin闖入、插嘴。vi.例：Dontbreakinwhenothersarespeaking.4.breakinto闖入、打斷，突然開始。例：Theybrokeintothehouse.5.breakout爆發(fā)、發(fā)生。例：Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.△含call詞組：1.callfor叫（某人），接（某人），要求、需要。例：Illcallforyoutomorrowmorning.2.callin召集、召來。例：Wedbettercallinadoctor.3.callon/upon訪問、探望（某人）、號(hào)召。例：Icalledonhimyesterday.4.callat訪問、探望（某處）。例：Ihopetocallatyourofficesomeday.5.callup給…打電話、使人想起。例：Thepicturecallsupscenesofmychildhood.△含catch詞組1.catch/take/getholdof握、抓住。例：Hecaughtholdofthepigsear.2.catchsightof＝see看到、發(fā)現(xiàn)。例：Thelittlegirlcriedassoonasshecaughtsightofhermother.3.catchupwith趕上。例：Hetriedtocatchupwithhisclassmates.△含come詞組1.comealong一起來，來到、快點(diǎn)。例：Comealong,orwellbeeback回來，恢復(fù)知覺、復(fù)活、被回憶起來。例：Whenhecamebackhefoundhimeselftiedtoaedown下來，下降、跌價(jià)。例：Idontthinkthepriceofmeatwillcomeein進(jìn)來。eon/upon快點(diǎn)、趕快、進(jìn)展、進(jìn)行、偶遇。6.comeout出來、出版。例：Themagazinecomesouteto到達(dá)、談到、涉及、合計(jì)、總計(jì)。8.co