湖南省名校聯(lián)考聯(lián)合體2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題

名校聯(lián)考聯(lián)合體2024年秋季高一第一次聯(lián)考英語時(shí)量：90分鐘滿分：150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanspeakerdoathome?A.Hesweepsthefloor. B.Hewashesthedishes. C.Hedoesthegardening.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whodoesthehouseworkinyourfamily?M:Mymotherdoesthemost.Shecooks,washesthedishes,andsoon.Myfatherjustsweepsthefloor.AndIdothegardening.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmanypeoplediedinthecrash?A.None. B.Two. C.Four.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Howcouldanyonesurvivethiscrash?W:Itwasdifficulttobelieve.Thereweretwomeninthetruckandawomanwithachildinthecar,butnoonewasbadlyinjured.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofdrivingtowork?A.Itisannoying. B.Itistimewasting. C.Itissatisfactory.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouliveveryfarfromyouroffice?M:Well,it’sabout20miles.Butitdoesn’tseemthatfar.Theroadisgoodandmycarhasneverbeentrappedinheavytraffic.So,theridesneverannoyme.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ashortstory. B.Apieceofnews. C.Arescuetraining.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Isthereanyshockingnewstoday?W:Aseriousearthquake.Soldierswereworkinghardtosavethepeopletrapped.Tillnowmostofthemhavebeenrescuedsuccessfully.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatshouldthemandoaccordingtothewoman?A.Findanotherjob. B.Beproperlydressed. C.Researchthepany.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Thanksforremendingmefortheresearcher.Ihaveaninterviewtomorrow.Anytips?W:Itmightbeagoodideatoplanwhatyou’regoingtowear.Isuggestsomethingsmart.Thefirstimpressionisreallyimportantatmypany.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatisthewoman’sworryaboutthedress?A.Itscolor. B.Itsstyle. C.Itsmaterial.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Findanotherdress. B.Leavetheplace. C.Tryonthedress.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Areyoubeingserved?W:No,Iwantasilkdress.Couldyoushowmesome?M:Sure.Whatcolordoyouprefer?W:Well,I’mnotgoodatthat.M:Ithinklightbluematchesthecolorofyourskin.W:Yes.Mmm...Itlooksfine.ButI’mafraidalightcolordoesn’tfitmyage.M:Idon’tthinkso.Actually,youlookyoungerinthisdress.Itisdesignedinthelateststyle.W:Itisnice.OK,canItryiton?M:OK.Andthefittingroomsareoverthere.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whendidthewomangetthenews?A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnFriday.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Inanoffice. C.Atarestaurant.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Mary!Howareyoudoing?Sorry,I’mlate.W:Oh,that’sOK.Ijustgothere.Ihaven’torderedyet.Areyouhungry?M:Yeah,alittle.How’syourwork?W:Prettygood.Guesswhat?M:What?Goon.Tellme.W:Igotaraise!M:Wow,that’sgreatnews.When?W:JustheardonMonday.M:Congratulations!W:Thanks.I’mreallypleased.Let’scallthewaiternow.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Howdidthespeakersarrive?A.Onfoot. B.Bycar. C.Bytaxi.11.Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtowatch?A.Acarrace. B.Asoccermatch. C.Atennisgame.12.Whydidthespeakersarriveearly?A.Tofindtheirfriend. B.Togetagoodplace. C.Tomeettheplayers.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【解析】【原文】M:Wewereluckytowalkhereinsteadofdriving.Thetwopopularteamsattracttheirfanstothefinalmatch.W:It’ssogreatwegothereearly.Lookatallthosecarsthere.They’llnevergetinthestadium.M:You’dbetterfollowmeclosely.Idon’twanttoloseyou.W:Don’tworry.I’llhangon.M:We’llgoinoverthere,GateB.Petersaidthey’reprettygoodtickets.W:Wherearethey?M:They’rerightbehindthesoccergoal.W:Oh,dowehavetostandupallthetime?M:That’sright.W:Ihopewe’llhaveagoodview.M:That’swhywe’veesoearly.Theearlieryouare,thebetterviewyouhave.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whyisthemanstillconsideringpayingthecost?A.Hewantstoknowmoredetails.B.Heislookingforanotherhouse.C.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.14.Whatwillthemancheckout?A.Whatisincludedinthecost.B.Whenhecanmoveintothehouse.C.Whetherthereisastationnearthehouse.15.Howcanthewomanbedescribed?A.Wiseandlucky. B.Anxiousandforgetful. C.Carefulandthoughtful.16.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Ahouseagent. B.Theman’sfriend. C.Anapartmentowner.【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeenlookingforanewapartment,youknow.W:Ohreally?Hadanyluckfindingoneyet?M:Yes,Ifoundoneinagreatlocation.Thepriceisreasonable,andit’sclosetoasubwaystation.It’sjusttherightsizeformeandithasgreatviews.AndifIpayayearinadvance,Icanmoveinimmediately.W:Soundsgreat.So,areyougoingtopayforit?M:Well,I’mstillconsideringbecauseIcan’tafforditnow.W:Fine.Ifyouneedanyhelp,pleaseletmeknow.Anddon’tforgettogetafewdetailsclearfirst,Forexample,ifgas,water,Internet,andelectricityareincludedinthecost.M:That’saverygoodpoint.Iforgottoaskaboutthat.I’llfigurethisoutbeforeImakemydecision.W:Verywise.Youdon’twantanysurpriseslater.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthepurposeoftheprojects?A.Toimproveinternationalunderstanding.B.Toletpeoplegethighereducation.C.Toofferjobsfromabroad.18.HowlongistheprojectinJapan?A.Sixweeks. B.Sixmonths. C.Threeweeks.19.Whatwillvolunteersinthesecondprojectdo?A.Dosomegardening.B.Providemedicalcare.C.Workwiththelocalpeople.20.Wherewillthemedicalstudentswork?A.Inalanguageschool.B.Inacentrefordisabledchildren.C.Inachildren’sholidaycentre.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,everyone.Myname’sSamThomas.I’mfromWSP,shortforWorldwideStudentsProject.Itisaserviceorganizationwhichwassetuptoimproveinternationalunderstanding.Nowwe’vegotvolunteersfrom30differentcountriesworkingaroundtheworld.Ifyou’reinterestedinjoiningus,I’dliketotellyouaboutsomeoftheprojects.Therearethreekindsofprojectstochoosefrom:shorttermprojectslastingtwoorthreeweeks,mediumtermprojectslastingbetweenoneandsixmonthsandlongtermprojectswhichcanbeuptoayear.ThefirstprojectI’dliketotalkaboutisinJapan.It’savillageimprovementproject.You’dbeworkingwithlocalpeople,soyouneedknowledgeofJapaneseforthat.Itisforthreeweeks.Thenextoneisachildren’sholidaycentreinPoland.Theworkincludespaintingrooms,gardeningandthingslikethat.It’samediumtermonelastingsixweeks.Thefinalprojectisforthemedicalstudentshere.ThereisaplacementinacentrefordisabledchildreninIndia.You’dbeprovidingmedicalcarethere.You’llworksixmonthsthere,soyoucangetplentyofexperienceanddosomethingforthedisabledchildren.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABelowaresomeschoolsthatprovidestudentswithmorethanjustatypicaleducation(典型教育).PathwaysinTechnologyEarlyCollegeHighSchoolPathwaysinTechnologyEarlyCollegeHighSchool,openedin2011,isnotyourordinarypublichighschoolinBrooklyn,NewYork.TheprofessionalschoolisrunincooperationwithIBMandgoestograde14,allowingstudentstograduatewithanassociatedegree(副學(xué)士學(xué)位).InOctober2013,thenPresidentObamaspokeattheschool.“Youhavemorechancesherethatyoucan’tfindinmosthighschools,”hesaid.ClintondaleHighSchoolIn2010ClintondaleHighSchoolbecameaschoolwherehomeworkisdoneduringthedayandinstructionhappensatnightinthehomeaccordingtoonlinevideos.ThoughtheschoolwasamongtheworstfivepercentofschoolsinMichiganbefore,PrincipalGregGreensaystestscoreshaveimprovedsincethechange.ChicagoHighSchoolforAgriculturalSciencesTheChicagoHighSchoolforAgriculturalSciencesisapublicschoolsetonthecity’sfarm.InadditiontosomeimportantsubjectslikemathandEnglish,attendees(出席者)alsostudysubjectsaboutagriculture.Animalsciencesandagriculturetechnologyarejustsomeofthefieldsstudentscanexplore.PrincipalWilliamHooksaidthathethinkstheschoolpreparesstudentsforbothcollegeandtheworkplace.VailSki&SnowboardAcademyVailSki&SnowboardAcademyisapublicschoolinColoradowherestudentshavethechanceofbeingfulltimeathletes.Accordingtoitswebsite,theschoolgoalistochallengeitsstudentathleteswithastrictacademiccurriculum(課程)whilesupportingaworldclasstrainingandpetitionschedule.21.What’stheadvantageofPathwaysinTechnologyEarlyCollegeHighSchool?A.Itoffersadegree. B.Itprovidesascholarship.C.ItwasfoundedbyMr.Obama. D.ItsgraduateswillworkatIBM.22.Whichschoolisfitforstudentswithasportstalent?A.ClintondaleHighSchool.B.VailSki&SnowboardAcademy.C.ChicagoHighSchoolforAgriculturalSciences.D.PathwaysinTechnologyEarlyCollegeHighSchool.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Togiveadviceonhowtochooseaschool.B.Toremendthebestschoolsforparents.C.Toparethedifferencesofsomeschools.D.Tointroducesome“pecial”Americanschools.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了美國(guó)幾所特色中學(xué)，它們有的幫助學(xué)生升學(xué)和就業(yè)，有的注重農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究，也有的突出體育等?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“TheprofessionalschoolisrunincooperationwithIBMandgoestograde14,allowingstudentstograduatewithanassociatedegree(副學(xué)士學(xué)位).(這所專業(yè)學(xué)校是與IBM合作開辦的，讀到14年級(jí)，學(xué)生畢業(yè)后可以獲得副學(xué)士學(xué)位。)”可知，該校優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于學(xué)生畢業(yè)即可獲得學(xué)位。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“VailSki&SnowboardAcademyisapublicschoolinColoradowherestudentshavethechanceofbeingfulltimeathletes.(范爾滑雪與單板滑雪學(xué)院是科羅拉多州的一所公立學(xué)校，在這里，學(xué)生有機(jī)會(huì)成為全職運(yùn)動(dòng)員。)”可知，該校適合有運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦的學(xué)生就讀。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Belowaresomeschoolsthatprovidestudentswithmorethanjustatypicaleducation(典型教育).(以下是一些為學(xué)生提供不僅僅是典型教育的學(xué)校。)”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)的若干特色學(xué)校，它們有的幫助學(xué)生升學(xué)和就業(yè)，有的注重農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究，也有的突出體育等。即文章的主要目的是介紹一些“特殊的”美國(guó)學(xué)校。故選D。BProfessorSmithwasteachinghisclass.Allthestudentsintheclasswerelisteningtothelecturewithgreatinterest.Butamongthosestudents,therewasNick,whowassittingquietlyandinabadmood.TheprofessortooknoticeofNickonthefirstdaybutdidnotsayanything.Butwhenthiswentonforaweek,hecalledNickinhisofficeaftertheclassandasked,“Youappeartobedepressedallthetime.Whatisthematter?”Nicksaidwithsomehesitation,“Sir,thenewtermseemsalittlebittoughformeandsomethinghappenedlastmonth,duetowhichIremaintroubled.Idon’tknowwhattodo.”ProfessorcalledNicktohishouseintheevening.WhenNickarrivedtheprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonade.Hedeliberatelyputmoresaltinthelemonjuice.ThenhegaveaglassoflemonadetoNick.AssoonasNickhadasmalldrink,duetothetasteofexcesssalt,hismouthbecamesour.Seeingthis,theprofessorasked,“Whathappened?Didyounotlikethelemonjuice?”“Nosir,thisisnotthecase.Justbecauseofthesaltinthedrink,”Nicksaid.“Hey,nowgivemetheglass.Iwillthrowitaway.”TheprofessorreachedouttogetthedrinkfromNick.ButNickrefused,saying,“Nosir,Ithinkifyouaddsomesugartothedrink,thetastewillbebetter.”Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,“Youareright.See,thislemonjuiceislikeyourlife.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonjuice,similarlythosebadexperiencescannotbeseparatedfromlife.Butbyaddingsomesugaritcanchangethetasteofthelemonjuice.”Nicknoddedandsmiledinrelief.24.WhydidNickfailtofocusinSmith’sclass?A.Hewasstilldisturbedbythepast.B.Hewastoonervoustoconcentrate.C.Thelecturewashardtounderstand.D.ProfessorSmithwastoodemanding.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“excess”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Verylittle. B.Toomuch.C.Ratherbitter. D.Prettysmelly.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeProfessorSmith?A.Strictbutpatient. B.Cleverandcaring.C.Depressedbutbrave. D.Generousandlovely.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Badexperiencewillalwaysfollowyou.B.Nothingisbetterthanafortingword.C.Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.D.Lifewithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutapass.【答案】24.A25.B26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位教授用檸檬汁、鹽和糖的關(guān)系來開導(dǎo)情緒低落的學(xué)生?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Nicksaidwithsomehesitation,“Sir,thenewtermseemsalittlebittoughformeandsomethinghappenedlastmonth,duetowhichIremaintroubled.Idon’tknowwhattodo.”(Nick猶豫了一下，說：‘老師，新學(xué)期對(duì)我來說似乎有點(diǎn)難，而且上個(gè)月發(fā)生了一些事情，讓我一直很煩惱。我不知道該怎么辦。’)”可知，Nick仍為過去的事所困擾導(dǎo)致在Smith的課上不能集中注意力。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“WhenNickarrived,theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonade.Hedeliberatelyputmoresaltinthelemonjuice.ThenhegaveaglassoflemonadetoNick.(Nick到達(dá)后，教授走進(jìn)廚房開始制作檸檬水。他故意在檸檬汁里加了更多的鹽。然后他給了尼克一杯檸檬水)”可知，劃線單詞修飾salt(鹽)，結(jié)合上文，由第三句中的“putmoresalt”可知，教授往檸檬汁里放了更多的鹽，所以excess為“太多的”之意，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,“Youareright.See,thislemonjuiceislikeyourlife.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonjuice,similarlythosebadexperiencescannotbeseparatedfromlife.Butbyaddingsomesugaritcanchangethetasteofthelemonjuice.”Nicknoddedandsmiledinrelief.(聽到這話，教授變得嚴(yán)肅起來，說：‘你說得對(duì)。你看，這檸檬水就像你的生活。就像鹽不能從檸檬水中分離出來一樣，那些不好的經(jīng)歷也無法從生活中分離出來。但是通過加點(diǎn)糖，它可以改變檸檬水的味道?！峥它c(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，釋然地笑了)”以及通讀全文可知，教授很及時(shí)地關(guān)注到了Nick的情緒，并且并非直接安慰Nick，而是巧妙地應(yīng)用了檸檬、鹽和糖的關(guān)系來開導(dǎo)情緒低落的學(xué)生他，所以ProfessorSmith是聰明又體貼的，故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,“Youareright.See,thislemonjuiceislikeyourlife.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonjuice,similarlythosebadexperiencescannotbeseparatedfromlife.Butbyaddingsomesugaritcanchangethetasteofthelemonjuice.”Nicknoddedandsmiledinrelief.(聽到這話，教授變得嚴(yán)肅起來，說：‘你說得對(duì)。你看，這檸檬水就像你的生活。就像鹽不能從檸檬水中分離出來一樣，那些不好的經(jīng)歷也無法從生活中分離出來。但是通過加點(diǎn)糖，它可以改變檸檬水的味道?！峥它c(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，釋然地笑了)”以及通讀全文可知，這個(gè)故事告訴我們：要面對(duì)生活中的不好的經(jīng)歷并嘗試改善，正如C選項(xiàng)所說的“當(dāng)生活給你檸檬時(shí)，把它做成檸檬水”。故選C項(xiàng)。CAnewreportfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)andtheZoologicalSocietyofLondonfoundEarth’sbiodiversity(生物多樣性)isdecreasingthroughyearsofdataonthousandsofwildlifepopulationsacrosstheworld.Accordingtothedata,animalpopulationsacrosstheworlddecreasedbyanaverageof69%between1970and2018.Expertssaytherapidlossofbiodiversityisaseriousandworryingsignofwhat’stoeforthenaturalworld.“Themessageisclearandthelightsareflashingred,”saidWWFInternationalDirectorGeneralMarcoLambertini.Manyscientistsbelievethatthemainreasonofbiodiversitydropmaybelandusechangesdrivenbyhumanactivitiessuchasthedevelopmentofbasicfacilities,energyproductionanddeforestation.Butthereportsuggeststhatclimatechange,whichhashadawideimpactonplantandanimalspeciesglobally,couldbeetheleadingcauseofbiodiversitylossifrisingtemperaturesaren’tlimitedto1.5℃.Lambertinisaidbiodiversitylossandclimatechangearealreadyresponsibleforaseriesofproblemsforhumans,includingdeathandhomelessnessfromextremeweather,alackoffoodandwaterandanincreaseinthespreadofspecificdiseases.Buttheterriblenewseswithsignsofhope:Expertssaytherearepossiblesolutionstothelossofbiodiversity.SolutionsrangefromprotectingforeststoestablishingacrossbordertradesysteminAfrica,thereportsaid.WWFchiefscientistRebeccaShawsaidthathumanshavetheopportunitytochangehowtheydothingstobenefitnature.“Littlethingsthatwecandoeverydaycanchangethedirectionofthesepopulationdeclines,”saidShaw.Whatlittlethingscanbedone?Forinstance,wecanstartfromreducingwasteinourdailylives.Simpleactionslikerecyclingpaper,plastic,andglasscanhaveaprofoundimpactontheenvironment.Byminimizingwaste,welessenthedemandforrawmaterialswhichinturnreducesthepressureonnaturalhabitatsthatareoftendestroyedbytheindustrialdevelopment.28.Howdotheexpertsfeelabouttherapidlossofbiodiversity?A.Anxious. B.Confused.C.Confident. D.Depressed.29.Accordingtothereport,whatwouldcontributetobiodiversitylossmost?A.Lessproductionoffood.B.Developingbasicfacilities.C.Uncontrolledrisingtemperatures.D.Decliningplantandanimalspecies.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe4thparagraph?A.Toexplorethecausesforarangeofhumans’problems.B.Tointroducesomepotentialmethodstopromotebiodiversity.C.TodiscusstheimportanceofthecrossbordertradesysteminAfrica.D.Topresenttheproblemscausedbybiodiversitylossandclimatechange.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PavetheWayforaSimpleLifestyleB.TakeaSteptoPushEnergyProductionC.RaisetheVoicetoBanLanduseChangesD.LendaHandtoSlowerBiodiversityLoss【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本章介紹了地球的生物多樣性正在減少的現(xiàn)象，原因以及人類在阻止生物多樣性減少方面可以做的事情?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Expertssaytherapidlossofbiodiversityisaseriousandworryingsignofwhat’stoeforthenaturalworld.“Themessageisclearandthelightsareflashingred,”saidWWFInternationalDirectorGeneralMarcoLambertini.(專家表示，生物多樣性的迅速喪失是自然界即將發(fā)生的嚴(yán)重而令人擔(dān)憂的跡象。世界自然基金會(huì)國(guó)際總干事馬爾科·蘭貝蒂尼說：“信息很明確，紅燈在閃爍。”)”可知，專家說生物多樣性的迅速喪失是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重且令人擔(dān)憂的信號(hào)。由此可推知，專家們對(duì)此感到焦慮。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Butthereportsuggeststhatclimatechange,whichhashadawideimpactonplantandanimalspeciesglobally,couldbeetheleadingcauseofbiodiversitylossifrisingtemperaturesaren’tlimitedto1.5℃.(但報(bào)告指出，氣候變化對(duì)全球動(dòng)植物物種產(chǎn)生了廣泛影響，如果氣溫上升不限于1.5℃，氣候變化可能成為生物多樣性喪失的主要原因)”可知，不可控制的氣溫上升對(duì)生物多樣性喪失的影響最大。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Buttheterriblenewseswithsignsofhope:Expertssaytherearepossiblesolutionstothelossofbiodiversity.SolutionsrangefromprotectingforeststoestablishingacrossbordertradesysteminAfrica,thereportsaid.(但這一糟糕的消息也伴隨著希望的跡象：專家表示，對(duì)于生物多樣性的喪失，存在可能的解決方案。報(bào)告稱，這些解決方案從保護(hù)森林到在非洲建立跨境貿(mào)易系統(tǒng)不等)”可知，第四段的目的是介紹一些促進(jìn)生物多樣性的潛在方法。故選B。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“AnewreportfromtheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF)andtheZoologicalSocietyofLondonfoundEarth’sbiodiversity(生物多樣性)isdecreasingthroughyearsofdataonthousandsofwildlifepopulationsacrosstheworld.Accordingtothedata,animalpopulationsacrosstheworlddecreasedbyanaverageof69%between1970and2018.(世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)和倫敦動(dòng)物學(xué)會(huì)的一份新報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過多年來對(duì)全球數(shù)千只野生動(dòng)物種群的數(shù)據(jù)，地球的生物多樣性正在減少。根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)，1970年至2018年間，全球動(dòng)物種群平均減少了69%)”以及最后一段的“Whatlittlethingscanbedone?Forinstance,wecanstartfromreducingwasteinourdailylives.(可以做些什么小事情？例如，我們可以從減少日常生活中的浪費(fèi)開始)”可知，文章不僅報(bào)道了生物多樣性喪失的情況，還提到了解決這一問題的可能性，鼓勵(lì)人們采取行動(dòng)，從日常小事做起，以改變生物種群下降的趨勢(shì)。所以“幫助減緩生物多樣性的喪失”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選D。DDespitemanypublichealthcampaignstohighlightvariousproblemswithsugarydrinks,wedrinkthemalot.But,noteveryoneconsumesthem.Twonewstudiesthrewlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.Thoughsugarydrinksareeverywhere,somepeoplefindthemhardertoresistandthefirststudy,conductedbyprofessorJoshuaMcGreenatFlindersUniversity,soughttounderstandwhy.Fortheresearch,128youngadultsof17to25pletedaputertestevaluatingtheirattitudesaboutsoftdrinks.Thestudyshowedthatthemoreunconsciouspositivejudgmentsindividualshadofsoftdrinks,themoresoftdrinkstheyconsumed.Italsofoundthatalackofinhibitorycontrol(抑制控制),whichisthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)processthatallowsustocontrolourdesires—say,tobuyanicetastingsoftdrinkeventhoughweknowit’sunhealthy—wasalsoafactorinincreasedconsumption.Asecondstudyprovidescluesaboutwhoismoreeasilyinfluencedbythemarketingstrategies.Thestudyfoundthatsoftdrinkpanies,likeCocaColaandPepsiCo,havemultibilliondollarbudgetsforadvertisingandmarketingcampaigns.Thesecampaignsare“increasinglybeingdirectedatdisadvantagedgroups”,includingchildrenandadolescentsgenerally,andpeoplelivingindisadvantagedneighborhoods.Softdrinks,even“zerosugar”ones,aretypicallyhighincalories,butoflittlenutritionalbenefit.Placingataxonsweetdrinksmaybeonestrategytoreducepeople’sconsumption.McGreenalsosuggeststhatpeopledevelopstrongselfcontrolofsoftdrinkconsumption.It’ssomethinghewantstoresearchfurther.Headds,“Iwouldalsoliketobanadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogramsthatappealtochildren.Itisspeciallyimportantforsportspeopletostopbeingwalkingbillboards(廣告板)forjunkfoodanddrinks.”32.Whatdothetwonewstudiesfocuson?A.Theharmofsugarydrinks. B.Thepopularityofsugarydrinks.C.Theconsumersofsugarydrinks. D.Theprofitmadebysugarydrinks.33.WhoaremostlikelytobuysoftdrinksaccordingtoMcGreen?A.Fitnesslovers. B.Richbusinessmen.C.Reasonableconsumers. D.Peoplewithlowine.34.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thewarningagainsttheconsumptionofsoftdrinks.B.Proposalsonhowtoreducetheconsumptionofsoftdrinks.C.Planstoresearchintoselfcontrolofsoftdrinkconsumption.D.Thesignificanceofsportsstarsinsoftdrinks’advertisements.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?AHealth. B.Politics.C.Business. D.Entertainment.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了兩項(xiàng)有關(guān)含糖飲料消費(fèi)的研究，結(jié)果表明個(gè)體態(tài)度和抑制控制力差異影響軟飲料的消費(fèi)，且飲料公司的營(yíng)銷多針對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體。最后通過呼吁對(duì)含糖飲料征稅，加強(qiáng)自控等措施來減少喝軟飲料?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Twonewstudiesthrewlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.(兩項(xiàng)新的研究揭示了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：我們中有些人比其他人更容易受到含糖飲料的危害)”可知，這兩項(xiàng)新研究的重點(diǎn)是含糖飲料的消費(fèi)者。故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesecampaignsare“increasinglybeingdirectedatdisadvantagedgroups”,includingchildrenandadolescentsgenerally,andpeoplelivingindisadvantagedneighborhoods.(這些運(yùn)動(dòng)“越來越多地針對(duì)弱勢(shì)群體”，包括一般的兒童和青少年以及生活在弱勢(shì)社區(qū)的人)”可知，根據(jù)麥格林的調(diào)查，那些收入較低的人們最有可能購(gòu)買含糖飲料。故選D?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Placingataxonsweetdrinksmaybeonestrategytoreducepeople’sconsumption.McGreenalsosuggeststhatpeopledevelopstrongselfcontrolofsoftdrinkconsumption.It’ssomethinghewantstoresearchfurther.Headds,“Iwouldalsoliketobanadvertisementsforsoftdrinksforsportsorprogramsthatappealtochildren.Itisspeciallyimportantforsportspeopletostopbeingwalkingbillboards(廣告板)forjunkfoodanddrinks.”(對(duì)甜飲料征稅可能是減少人們消費(fèi)的一種策略。McGreen還建議人們對(duì)軟飲料的消費(fèi)發(fā)展出很強(qiáng)的自制力。這是他想進(jìn)一步研究的東西。他補(bǔ)充說：“我還希望禁止為吸引兒童的運(yùn)動(dòng)或節(jié)目做軟飲料廣告。尤其重要的是，運(yùn)動(dòng)人士不要再成為垃圾食品和飲料的廣告牌?！?”可知，最后一段主要講了關(guān)于減少軟飲料消費(fèi)的建議。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Despitemanypublichealthcampaignstohighlightvariousproblemswithsugarydrinks,wedrinkthemalot.But,noteveryoneconsumesthem.Twonewstudiesthrewlightonthefactthatsomeofuseasilyfallvictimtotheharmsofsugarydrinksthanothers.(盡管許多公共健康運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)含糖飲料的各種問題，但我們還是喝得很多。但是，并不是每個(gè)人都消費(fèi)它們。兩項(xiàng)新的研究揭示了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，即我們中的一些人比其他人更容易成為含糖飲料危害的受害者)”結(jié)合文章介紹了有關(guān)含糖飲料消費(fèi)的研究以及減少喝軟飲料的建議可推知，該文章選自報(bào)紙的“健康”版塊。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Speedreadingisaskillthatallowspeopletoprocessinformationquicklywithskimmingtechniques.____36____Here’resomeefficientspeedreadingtechniques.Talktoyourselflessandavoidsoundingouteachword.____37____Thismayhelpreadersrememberconceptsbutcanalsobeamajorbarriertospeed.Keepinmindthatyoudon’tneedtoreadeverysinglewordtounderstandthesentence’soverallmeaning.Coverwordsyou’vealreadyreadwithacard.Whenyou’rereading,youreyescanmovebacktoearlierwords.Thesearetypicallyshorthabitualmovementsthatdon’timproveunderstandingorspeed.Useacardtocoverwordsrightafteryou’vereadthem.____38____Moveyoureyeslessasyouread.Whilereading,youreyes:move,stoppingonsomewordsandskippingothers.However,youcanonlyprehendwhatyou’rereadingwhenyoureyesstopmoving.Learningtomoveyoureyeslesscanhelpyoureadfaster.Sotrystaringatonelineatatimewithoutglidingyoureyesoverthewords.____39____Trackyourprogressbytimingyourselfdaily,oreachtimeyoudoaspeedreadingexercise.Notonlydoestryingtobeatyourbestspeedmotivateyou,butitcanalsogiveyouagoaltoworktowards.Setobtainablegoalstoimproveyourspeedreading.Aimtoworkonnyourspeereadingdailybypletingspeedreadingexercises.200to250wordsperminuteistheexpectedreadingspeedforsomeone12orolder.____40____At450wordsperminute,you’rereadingasfastasacollegestudentskimmingforthemainpoints.Ittypicallytakes2to4weekstodoubleyourreadingspeed,sobepatientwithyourselfandkeeptrying.A.Pointtothewordsyou’rereadingonthepage.B.So,howdoyoulearnandmasterthisamazingskill?CTimeyourreadingspeedsoyoucantrackyourprogress.D.Somereaderssoundouteverywordtheyreadintheirheads.E.Thisway,youcantrainyourselfnottolookbackatprevioussentences.F.300wordsperminuteisthereadingspeedoftheaveragecollegestudent.G.Readingcanseemlikesuchachore,especiallybecauseitcantakesolong.【答案】36.B37.D38.E39.C40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了掌握和提高速讀技能一些有效的技巧。36題詳解】上文“Speedreadingisaskillthatallowspeopletoprocessinformationquicklywithskimmingtechniques.(速讀是一種讓人們通過略讀技巧快速處理信息的技能)”解釋什么是速讀：一種讓人們通過略讀技巧快速處理信息的技能；結(jié)合下文“Here’resomeefficientspeedreadingtechniques.(這里是一些有效的速讀技巧)”可知，設(shè)空處為過渡句，起到承上啟下的作用，與速讀技能的學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)；B選項(xiàng)“So,howdoyoulearnandmasterthisamazingskill?(所以，你如何學(xué)習(xí)并掌握這個(gè)令人驚嘆的技能呢?)”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“thisamazingskill”指代上文中的“askillthatallowspeopletoprocessinformationquicklywithskimmingtechniques”，下文則承接B選項(xiàng)這個(gè)問句，引出文章主題：介紹有效的速讀技巧。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文（本段主旨句）“Talktoyourselflessandavoidsoundingouteachword.(少和自己說話，并避免發(fā)出每個(gè)單詞的聲音)”以及下文“Thismayhelpreadersrememberconceptsbutcanalsobeamajorbarriertospeed.

(這可能會(huì)有助于讀者記住概念但是也會(huì)是速讀的一個(gè)主要障礙)”可知，該空應(yīng)為一種把每個(gè)單詞都讀出來有關(guān)的做法；D選項(xiàng)“Somereaderssoundouteverywordtheyreadintheirheads.(有些讀者把讀到的每一個(gè)字都在腦子里念出來)”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“soundouteveryword”與上文中的“soundingouteachword”相照應(yīng)。故選D?！?8題詳解】該段主題句“Coverwordsyou’vealreadyreadwithacard.

(用卡片遮住你已經(jīng)讀過的單詞)”以及上文“Useacardtocoverwordsrightafteryou’vereadthem.(用卡片遮住你已經(jīng)讀過的單詞)”建議用卡片把讀過的詞蓋住；E選項(xiàng)“Thisway,youcantrainyourselfnottolookbackatprevioussentences.(這樣，你可以訓(xùn)練自己不回頭看以前的句子)”承接上文，闡述用卡片把讀過的單詞蓋住的益處，符合語境；“Thisway”指代上句建議的做法，“l(fā)ookbackatprevioussentences”與本段中的“youreyes