2021-2022學(xué)年山東省煙臺(tái)市、德州市高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）（不含聽(tīng)力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年山東省煙臺(tái)市、德州市高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwouldthemanprefertogettothetrainstation?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Husbandandwife.C.Classmates.3.Whereisthewoman?A.Onaplane.B.Inataxi.C.Atanairport.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisalwayscareless.B.Shelockedherselfintheroom.C.Sheexpectsthemantocalmdown.5.Whatistheman’snumber?A.778-8876.B.778-9867.C.778-9876.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthegirlsayaboutsinging?A.It’sfun.B.It’sdifficult.C.Sheisn’tgoodatit.7.Whatdothegirl’sparentswanthertobe?A.Adancer.B.Asinger.C.Anactress.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanplantodotoday?A.Gocamping.B.VisitLinda.C.Finishthereport.9.Whenwillthemangointotown?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whereisthenewsportscenter?A.OnStationRoad.B.OnMillStreet.C.OnHillRoad.11.WhatdidthemandointhesportscenterlastThursday?A.Hewentswimming.B.Heplayedping-pong.C.Heplayedbasketball.12.Whenmaythewomanbebusy?A.NextWednesday.B.NextThursday.C.NextFriday.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatwastheman’sproblemaboutlearningFrench?A.Learninggrammarrules.B.Rememberingnewwords.C.Understandingnativespeakers.14.WhatdoesthemanthinkoflearningFrench?A.Difficult.B.Interesting.C.Important.15.HowdoesthemanlearnFrench?A.Bylisteningtotapes.B.Byattendingclasses.C.ByreadingtheBBCbooks.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.UseFrenchoften.B.Trydifferentbooks.C.WatchsomeTVprograms.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whywilltheschoolholdarace?A.Becauseit’sanexam.B.Becauseit’satradition.C.Becauseit’sgoodforstudents.18.Whattimewilltheracestart?A.At1:30a.m.B.At2:00p.m.C.At3:00p.m.19.Whenshouldrunnersentertheirnamesatschooloffice?A.BeforeTuesdaymorning.B.BeforeTuesdayafternoon.C.BeforeWednesdayafternoon.20.Howmanycirclesdotherunnershavetorunontheplaygroundtotally?A.Oneandahalf.B.Two.C.Three.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAreyouexpectingsomehottestbooks?Hereare4best-sellerspopularwithteenagers.CubainMyPocketCubainMyPocketfollows12-year-oldCumbafromCubatoAmericainthe1960s.Afterbeingsenttoanewcountry,Cumbamustfindhisfootinginunfamiliarsurroundings.Overtime,helearnshowtotrustothersandgetoverdifficultieswiththegreathelpofthelocals.AuthorCuevasbasesthestoryonherdad’sexperiences.ForCuevas,hopeisanimportantthemeinCubainMyPocket.FastPitchInStone’sFastPitch,Sheniceiscaptain(隊(duì)長(zhǎng))oftheFultonFirebirds.Shedecidestomakehersoftballteambecomethewinnerinthefinal.Butshelosesfocusafterlearningafamilysecret.CanShenicefindoutherfamilysecretandstillleadherteamtovictory?Shemakesit.Shefightswithherteamandtheygetthefinalvictory.Ivy+BeanGettoWorkAnnieBarrowsistheauthorofIvy+BeanGettoWork.IvyandBeanarebestfriends.TheyattendaCareerFairatschool.Theylearnaboutjobsadultscanhave.Butthegirlsareinterestedinjustonejob:Searchingfortreasure!Thetwolookforgold.Buttheycan’tfindit.Barrowshopeskidswillfeelrelaxedaboutthemselveswhenreadingthisbook.AShotintheArm!AShotintheArm!,byDonBrown,isagraphic(繪圖)novelaboutthehistoryofvaccines(疫苗).Readerslearnhowvaccineshavebeenusedthroughouthistorytofightillness.Theauthoralsopraisedthosewhoworkedhardforthedevelopmentofvaccines.AShotintheArm!isn’taboringhistorybook.Instead,it’sanexcitingreadthatusescolorfuldrawingstopullreadersin.1.WhatcanwelearnfromCubainMyPocket?A.Cumbaloseshisfootinginthenewcommunity.B.Thebookisbasedontheauthor’spersonalexperiences.C.Thebookfocusesonthethemeofbeinghopefuloflife.D.Cumbafindsitimpossibletogaintrustofthelocalpeople.2.WhatisFastPitchmainlyabout?A.Shenice’sstruggletowinthematch.B.Shenice’sunderstandingofreallife.C.Shenice’sdiscoveryoffamilysecrets.D.Shenice’spassionforsportsactivities.3.Whichbookwouldyoureadifyouareinterestedinmedicine?A.CubainMyPocket. B.FastPitch.C.Ivy+BeanGettoWork. D.AShotintheArm!.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了4本深受青少年歡迎的暢銷書?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CubainMyPocket部分的“ForCuevas,hopeisanimportantthemeinCubainMyPocket.(對(duì)Cuevas來(lái)說(shuō)，希望是CubainMyPocket的一個(gè)重要主題)”可知，這本書的主題是對(duì)生活充滿希望，故選C。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)FastPitch部分的“Shemakesit.Shefightswithherteamandtheygetthefinalvictory.(她做到了。她和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)斗，他們獲得了最后的勝利)”可知，F(xiàn)astPitch主要是關(guān)于Shenice為贏得比賽所做的努力，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)AShotintheArm!部分的“AShotintheArm!,byDonBrown,isagraphic(繪圖)novelaboutthehistoryofvaccines(疫苗).(AShotintheArm!，作者DonBrown，是一本關(guān)于疫苗歷史的漫畫小說(shuō))”可知，如果你對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣，你會(huì)讀AShotintheArm!，故選D。BYearsago,IcouldnotsticktoexercisinguntilIboughtaCDcalledIEnjoyExercise.Ilistenedtoiteveryday.IboughttheCDbecauseIwantedtoruninaraceandhopefullywin!Ihadpromisedmy10-year-oldsonToddthatIwouldruninaracewithhim.Unfortunately,however,whenthatracecameabout,hisleftlegwashurtinacaraccident.Withouthimrunningwithme,althoughItookpartinthatrace,yetIdidn’tdoquitewellinit.WhileToddcouldn’truntogetherwithmebecauseofhisinjury(受傷),heneverforgotthepromiseImadeforhim.HewasalwaysaskingmewhetherIwouldkeepmypromisewhenherecoveredinthefuture.SoIdecidedIwasgoingtotrainandgoallouttowinthenextrace.WhatIneededwasmotivation(動(dòng)力).IthappenedthatoneofmyfriendsmentionedtheCDwhichhelikedverymuch,sayingthathegotalotfromthemusicinitwhenfeelingdown.SoIboughtitandlistenedtoitwhileexercisingeveryday.ItwasamazingwhathappenedtomythinkingasIlistenedtoitdaily.IstartedtothinkabouttherepeatedwordsontheCD—“Ienjoyexercise”.Insteadofdreadingexercise,Iwasthinking,“Ienjoyexercise.”Ifoundouthowimportantwordsarethatweplayinourmindseveryday.Iwentfromapersonwhoseldomexercisedtosomeonewhostartedtoexercisedaily.Justthinkhowourliveswillimproveifwereflectontheupliftingandmotivatingwordsofthefamousworks.Ihavefoundthepositivemessageshavegreatlyimprovedmythinkingandthenchangedmylife.HowdidIdointhatrace,youmightbethinking?Iactuallywonthegoldmedalinmyagegroup.4.Whydidtheauthortakepartintheracebyherself?A.Shewouldliketowintherace.B.Shehadagoodtalentforrunning.C.Hersongotinjuredinacaraccident.D.Hersonwasunwillingtorunwithher.5.Howdidtheauthorgetthemotivationfortraining?A.Byrecallingsomeinspiringstories.B.BylisteningtotheCDwhilerunning.C.Bygettingtimelyhelpfromhisfriend.D.Byforcingherselfintokeepingrunning.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dreading”inparagraph4mean?A.Fearing. B.Improving.CPreferring. D.Taking.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtodelivertous?A.It’simportanttoavoidinjurywhilerunning.B.Themotivatingwordsmakeadifferencetous.C.Parentsshouldgetalongwellwithchildren.D.Wecanbuildupourbodiesbyregularexercise.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】【分析】這篇文章屬于夾敘夾議。主要講述作者在一個(gè)叫做Ienjoyexercise的CD的鼓舞下，從過(guò)去不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)到現(xiàn)在每天都會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Unfortunately,however,whenthatracecameabout,hisleftlegwashurtinacaraccident.”（然而，不幸的是，當(dāng)比賽開(kāi)始時(shí)，他的左腿在一次車禍中受傷了。）可知作者的兒子在車禍中傷了左腿，不能參加跑步比賽了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IthappenedthatoneofmyfriendsmentionedtheCDwhichhelikedverymuch,sayingthathegotalotfromthemusicinitwhenfeelingdown.SoIboughtitandlistenedtoitwhileexercisingeveryday.”（碰巧我的一個(gè)朋友提到了他非常喜歡的CD，他說(shuō)當(dāng)他情緒低落的時(shí)候，從里面的音樂(lè)中得到了很多。所以我買了它，每天鍛煉的時(shí)候聽(tīng)。），以及第四段“IstartedtothinkabouttherepeatedwordsontheCD—“Ienjoyexercise”.Insteadofdreadingexercise,Iwasthinking,“Ienjoyexercise.”（我開(kāi)始思考CD上重復(fù)的話——我喜歡鍛煉。我不再害怕運(yùn)動(dòng)，而是想著我喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。）”，可知作者從這張朋友介紹的CD里獲得了運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Insteadofdreadingexercise,Iwasthinking,“Ienjoyexercise.”（我不再害怕運(yùn)動(dòng)，而是想著，我喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。）”，該句中有表示替代關(guān)系介詞短語(yǔ)insteadof，其表示和后面的句子Iwasthinking,“Ienjoyexercise.”之間有替代關(guān)系，也就是和enjoy（享受）表達(dá)相反的意思。所以此處dread理解成害怕最合適。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Ifoundouthowimportantwordsarethatweplayinourmindseveryday.”（我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們每天都在腦海中回響的文字是多么重要。）以及“Justthinkhowourliveswillimproveifwereflectontheupliftingandmotivatingwordsofthefamousworks.”（大膽想想，如果我們反思這些著名作品中振奮人心的話語(yǔ)，我們的生活將會(huì)改善成何種模樣。）可知作者通過(guò)這件事想要告訴我們振奮人心的話語(yǔ)能產(chǎn)生很大的影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】通讀文章了解主要內(nèi)容揣摩中心思想，認(rèn)真通讀所有題目理解題意，抓住關(guān)鍵詞，再帶著問(wèn)題及關(guān)鍵詞仔細(xì)地閱讀有關(guān)內(nèi)容，認(rèn)真地思考組織答案。比如本篇第2題關(guān)鍵詞為getthemotivation（獲得動(dòng)力），帶著關(guān)鍵詞，找到相關(guān)信息在第三段“WhatIneededwasmotivation(動(dòng)力)”因此相關(guān)題目答案信息應(yīng)該在此段落內(nèi)尋找。故此題選擇B項(xiàng)。COnlinegamesareverypopularamongpeople.Theymakealargeamountofmoneyandhavealargeuserbase,includinglotsofteenagers.Butnow,newrulesononlinegameshavebeenintroduced,whichareaimedatfightingagainstaddiction(成癮)amongunderageplayers.Adultplayersneedtospendmostoftheirtimepayingattentiontoworkandfamilyandcannotplaygamesasoftenastheywant.However,underageplayershavemoresparetime,butlessresponsibilityandself-control.Childrenwithoutaclearpurposeinlife,wherethereislessfamilyeducationandschoolmanagement,mighteasilybecomeaddictedtoallkindsofonlinegamesandonlinenovels.Themostdirectimpactofanaddictiontoonlinegamesamongunderageplayersisontheirpsychological(心理)health.Accordingtopsychologists,peopleseriouslyaddictedtogamescanbecomeanxious,badtempered,andavoidresponsibility.However,Chineseparentsaremoreworriedthattheirchildrenwilllackinterestinstudyingiftheybecomeaddictedtoonlinegames,asacademicsuccessisimportantforstudents.Additionally,whentheirchildrenbecomeaddictedtosuchgames,mostparentsdonotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.Tocarryoutthenewrulestothebesteffect,morespecificissuesneedtobesolved,suchasmanagingforeignonlinegames,ensuringthatfacialrecognitiontechnologiesusedbygamescompanieshavethewantedeffectormakingsureonlinegameproviderscanonlyofferone-hourservicestounderageplayersonSaturdaysandSundays.Whiletherearealwaysloopholes(漏洞)innewrules,authoritiesshouldactquicklytoclosethem.Thereisnodoubtthatonlinegameshaveharmfuleffectsonyoungpeople.Itisnotacceptableforalargenumberofteenagersorthoseevenyounger,tobecomeaddictedtothesegames.8.What’sthepurposeofthenewrulesononlinegames?A.ToraiseawarenessofInternetsafety.B.Tobringinnewcomputerprograms.C.Toreducethegrown-upuserbase.D.Topreventtheteenagers’addiction.9.Whyareunderageplayersaddictedtoonlinegamesmoreeasily?A.TheycanlearnmoreknowledgeontheInternet.B.Theyhavemorefreetimeandlessself-control.C.Theyhavepurposesinlifebutlackhighereducation.D.TheymaintainasenseofcuriosityabouttheInternet.10.Whatproblemhastobesolvedtoensuretheeffectofthenewrules?A.Howtoreduceparents’anxietyaboutkids’study.B.Howtofindloopholesinthepopularonlinegames.C.Howtocontroltheservicetimeofonlinegameproviders.D.Howtoinventafacialrecognitiongameforyoungplayers.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothenewrules?A.Confused. B.Negative.C.Supportive. D.Uninterested.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的新規(guī)定已經(jīng)出臺(tái)，旨在打擊未成年玩家的沉迷。未成年人由于業(yè)余時(shí)間多，但又缺乏自制力而容易沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，這危害了未成年人的身心健康。新的規(guī)定在執(zhí)行起來(lái)可能存在一些需要處理的漏洞，但是，防止未成年人沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲刻不容緩?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Butnow,newrulesononlinegameshavebeenintroduced,whichareaimedatfightingagainstaddictionamongunderageplayers.(但現(xiàn)在，新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲規(guī)則已經(jīng)出臺(tái)，旨在打擊未成年玩家的網(wǎng)癮)”可知，新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲規(guī)則的出臺(tái)是為了打擊未成年玩家的網(wǎng)癮，由此推知，其目的應(yīng)是為了防止未成年對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲上癮。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“However,underageplayershavemoresparetime,butlessresponsibilityandself-control.(然而，未成年玩家有更多的業(yè)余時(shí)間，但責(zé)任心和自控力卻更少)”可知，未成年玩家業(yè)余時(shí)間多，責(zé)任心和自控力卻不足，這是他們?nèi)菀壮撩杂诰W(wǎng)絡(luò)的原因。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“Tocarryoutthenewrulestothebesteffect,morespecificissuesneedtobesolved,suchasmanagingforeignonlinegames,ensuringthatfacialrecognitiontechnologiesusedbygamescompanieshavethewantedeffectormakingsureonlinegameproviderscanonlyofferone-hourservicestounderageplayersonSaturdaysandSundays.(為了使新規(guī)則發(fā)揮最佳效果，需要解決更具體的問(wèn)題，例如管理外國(guó)在線游戲，確保游戲公司使用的面部識(shí)別技術(shù)具有預(yù)期效果，或者確保在線游戲提供商在周六和周日只能為未成年玩家提供一小時(shí)的服務(wù))”可知，保證在線游戲提供商在周六和周日只能為未成年玩家提供一小時(shí)的服務(wù)是確保新規(guī)則的效果而必須解決的問(wèn)題之一。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段末尾句內(nèi)容“Whiletherearealwaysloopholesinnewrules,authoritiesshouldactquicklytoclosethem.(盡管新規(guī)則總是有漏洞，但有關(guān)部門應(yīng)該迅速采取行動(dòng)來(lái)填補(bǔ)這些漏洞)”可知，在作者看來(lái)，這項(xiàng)新規(guī)雖然有漏洞，但是還是可以采取措施彌補(bǔ)的。由此可推知，對(duì)于這項(xiàng)新規(guī)，作者是支持的。故選C項(xiàng)。DGermany’stopcourthasruledthatpartsofthecountry’s2019climate(氣候)actionlawmustbechangedbecausetheydon’tdoagoodjobofprotectingyoungpeople.Theresultisabigvictoryforthenineyoungpeoplewhostartedthelawsuing(訴訟).Thecourtsuingstressesanimportantpartoftheclimatechange:Thechangewillimpactgreatlyonyoungpeoplefarmorethantheadults.That’sbecausetheeffectsofearthwarmingwillbecomemoreseriousovertime.Asyoungpeoplebecomeadults,they’llbelefttodealwithmanyproblemsthattoday’sadultshaveignored.Thegovernment’sfailuretoplancarefullywasputtingtheirfuturelivesindanger.In2019,Germanypassedanewlaw,promisingthatthecountrywouldbecarbonneutral(碳中和)by2050.Thelawmadeadetailedplanofactionuntil2030.Butthelawdidn’thaveanyspecificrulesorplansforclimateactionsthatwouldbetakenbetween2031and2050.LastThursday,thejudgesofGermany’shighestcourtagreedwiththeyoungpeople.Theysaidthatnottakingclimateactionmadethebasicrightsofyoungpeopletoagoodfutureindanger.Theyoungpeoplehadchallengedthegovernment’slawinfourspecificareas.Thejudgesdidn’tagreewithallofthechallenges.Buthavingthecourtsupportevenapartoftheircaseisseenasabigvictory.Neubauerisoneoftheyoungpeoplewhosued.SheworkswiththeclimateactiongroupFridaysForFuture.Ms.Neubauersaid,“Climateprotectionisourbasicright.Thisisahugewinfortheclimatemovement.Itchangesalot.”ThecourthasgiventheGermangovernmentuntiltheendof2022tofixthelaw.Theclimatelawwillnowneedtohaveamuchmoredetailedplanfortheactionsthatwillbetakenafter2030tocutGermany’spollution,allowingittobecomecarbonneutralby2050.Germany’sgovernmenthassaidthatitwillquicklybeginworkingtomaketheneededchanges.12.WhydidthenineyoungpeoplesuetheGermanygovernment?A.Theyfacedahigherrateoflosingjobs.B.Thegovernmentrefusedtheirlawsuing.C.Thelocalcourtruledagainsttheclimatelaw.D.Theyweren’tsatisfiedwiththeclimateactionlaw.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theadultsnowadaysareputunderpressure.B.Theclimatechangewillinfluencetheyoung.C.Earthwarmingisbecomingoutofcontrol.D.Humansfeeluncertainaboutthefuture.14.Whatisthegovernmentrequiredtodoabouttheclimatelaw?A.Improvethepresentlaw.B.Winpeople’swidesupport.C.Takestrictpunishmentmeasures.D.Achievecarbonneutralinadvance.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Business. B.Health.C.Education. D.Environment.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道九名年輕人因?qū)φ贫ǖ慕鉀Q氣候問(wèn)題的政策不滿向德國(guó)最高法院起訴，而成功促使政府制定更詳盡的計(jì)劃，以保護(hù)年輕人?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Germany’stopcourthasruledthatpartsofthecountry’s2019climate(氣候)actionlawmustbechangedbecausetheydon’tdoagoodjobofprotectingyoungpeople.Theresultisabigvictoryforthenineyoungpeoplewhostartedthelawsuing(訴訟).（德國(guó)最高法院裁定，該國(guó)2019年氣候行動(dòng)法的部分內(nèi)容必須進(jìn)行修改，因?yàn)樗鼈儧](méi)有很好地保護(hù)年輕人。結(jié)果是9名開(kāi)始起訴的年輕人取得了巨大的勝利）”和第三段“Thelawmadeadetailedplanofactionuntil2030.Butthelawdidn’thaveanyspecificrulesorplansforclimateactionsthatwouldbetakenbetween2031and2050.（該法律制定了一個(gè)到2030年的詳細(xì)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。但該法律沒(méi)有任何具體的規(guī)則或計(jì)劃，以應(yīng)對(duì)2031年至2050年間可能采取的氣候行動(dòng)）”可知，因制定的法律不夠完善，九名年輕人起訴獲勝后，德國(guó)最高法院裁定2019年氣候行動(dòng)法進(jìn)行修改。由此推知，他們是因?yàn)閷?duì)氣候行動(dòng)法不滿意才起訴的。故選D?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)本段的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一句“Thecourtsuingstressesanimportantpartoftheclimatechange:Thechangewillimpactgreatlyonyoungpeoplefarmorethantheadults.（法院的訴訟強(qiáng)調(diào)了氣候變化的一個(gè)重要部分:氣候變化對(duì)年輕人的影響將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于成年人）”可知，本段主要陳述氣候變化對(duì)年輕人的影響。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“ThecourthasgiventheGermangovernmentuntiltheendof2022tofixthelaw.Theclimatelawwillnowneedtohaveamuchmoredetailedplanfortheactionsthatwillbetakenafter2030tocutGermany’spollution,allowingittobecomecarbonneutralby2050.（法院要求德國(guó)政府在2022年底之前修改該法律。現(xiàn)在，氣候法律需要有一個(gè)更詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，以便在2030年后采取行動(dòng)減少德國(guó)的污染，使其在2050年達(dá)到碳中和）”可知，德國(guó)政府被要求改善現(xiàn)有的氣候法。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Germany’stopcourthasruledthatpartsofthecountry’s2019climate(氣候)actionlawmustbechangedbecausetheydon’tdoagoodjobofprotectingyoungpeople.（德國(guó)最高法院裁定，該國(guó)2019年氣候行動(dòng)法的部分內(nèi)容必須進(jìn)行修改，因?yàn)樗鼈儧](méi)有很好地保護(hù)年輕人）”和最后一段的“ThecourthasgiventheGermangovernmentuntiltheendof2022tofixthelaw.Theclimatelawwillnowneedtohaveamuchmoredetailedplanfortheactionsthatwillbetakenafter2030tocutGermany’spollution,allowingittobecomecarbonneutralby2050.（法院要求德國(guó)政府在2022年底之前修改該法律?，F(xiàn)在，氣候法律需要有一個(gè)更詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，以便在2030年后采取行動(dòng)減少德國(guó)的污染，使其在2050年達(dá)到碳中和）”可知，本文陳述的內(nèi)容主要是通過(guò)更完善的氣候法來(lái)減少污染，是與環(huán)境相關(guān)的話題。由此推知，本文很有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“環(huán)境”版面。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WaystoShowGratitude(感激)COVID-19hasawayofmakingpeoplefeelliketheirworldwasturnedupsidedownovernight.Theystrugglewithfeelingfrightenedandfeelinglikeeveryoneisoverreacting(反應(yīng)過(guò)度).___16___Givethanksforeverydaythings___17___Infact,beinggratefulforsomethingassmallasafreshcupofcoffee,asunnyday,oraperfectparkingspotcangiveyouabettermoodandtrainyourbraintoseethegoodratherthanthebad.___18___Onewaytomakegratitudearegularpartofyourdayistomakeitahabittothinkofthreethingsyouarethankfulforeachday.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhetheryouperformthisexercisefirstthinginthemorningorjustbeforeyougotobed.Theimportantthingisthatyou’retakingtimeandreflectingonwhatyouaregratefulfor.Keeptrackofeverythingyou’regratefulforUsingaphoneapplikeGratitudePlus,youcanrecordthethingsyou’regratefulfor.Anotheroptionistousesocialmediaorevenpost-itnotestoexpressyourgratitude.___19___Thisway,whenyou’refeelingdown,youcanreflectonthethingsthatpreviously(以前)broughtasmiletoyourface.ReflectonpastnegativeexperiencesLookbackontheworstmomentsinyourlife.___20___Considernotonlywhatyousuffered,butalsowhatyoulearnedthroughtheexperiences.Whenyoufindthepositiveinnegativeexperiences,youhaveturnedthemintosomethingpositivethatdoesyougoodintheend.A.Makegratitudeadailyhabit.B.Sticktoexpressinggratitudeinpublic.C.Then,comparethosewithwhereyouarenow.D.Gratitudedoesn’thavetobeoverthetoporsomethingsignificant.E.Youcanhardlystaystrongwhilerecallingthemomentsthateverhappened.F.Butlearningtopracticegratitudeeverydaycanbringsomechangestoyourlife.G.Thekeyistouseamethodtohelpyourememberthethingsyouaregratefulfor.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明感恩的好處以及如何去感恩?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Theystrugglewithfeelingfrightenedandfeelinglikeeveryoneisoverreacting(反應(yīng)過(guò)度).”（他們?cè)诤ε轮袙暝?感覺(jué)所有人都反應(yīng)過(guò)度）以及后文通過(guò)幾個(gè)段落在說(shuō)明如何保持感恩的心，可知中間應(yīng)該有過(guò)渡句，做到承上啟下。F項(xiàng)“Butlearningtopracticegratitudeeverydaycanbringsomechangestoyourlife.”（但是學(xué)會(huì)每天感恩可以給你的生活帶來(lái)一些變化）符合文意。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)此段落小標(biāo)題“Givethanksforeverydaythings”（感恩日常生活）以及后句“Infact,beinggratefulforsomethingassmallasafreshcupofcoffee,asunnyday,oraperfectparkingspotcangiveyouabettermoodandtrainyourbraintoseethegoodratherthanthebad.”（事實(shí)上，對(duì)一些小事心懷感激，比如一杯新鮮的咖啡，一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的日子，或者一個(gè)完美的停車位，都會(huì)給你帶來(lái)更好的心情，讓你的大腦看到好的而不是壞的），可知此段強(qiáng)調(diào)感恩不必是非常重大的事件，可以是日常小事情。D項(xiàng)“Gratitudedoesn’thavetobeoverthetoporsomethingsignificant.”（感恩并不一定得是非常重大的事情）符合文意，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，此處應(yīng)該選擇動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭的祈使句。同時(shí)，該段落“Onewaytomakegratitudearegularpartofyourdayistomakeitahabittothinkofthreethingsyouarethankfulforeachday.”（讓感恩成為日常生活的一部分的方法就是養(yǎng)成每天想三件讓你感恩的事情的習(xí)慣）可知，本段的建議是把感恩當(dāng)作日常習(xí)慣。A項(xiàng)“Makegratitudeadailyhabit.”（讓感恩成為日常習(xí)慣）符合文意。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)此段小標(biāo)題“Keeptrackofeverythingyou’regratefulfor”（記錄下你感激的每件事）以及空格前“Anotheroptionistousesocialmediaorevenpost-itnotestoexpressyourgratitude.”（另一個(gè)選擇是使用社交媒體或便利貼來(lái)表達(dá)你的感激之情）和空格后“Thisway,whenyou’refeelingdown,youcanreflectonthethingsthatpreviously(以前)broughtasmiletoyourface.”（這樣，當(dāng)你情緒低落的時(shí)候，你可以回想之前讓你開(kāi)心的事情），可知此段在說(shuō)明使用某種方法記錄下你所感恩的事情。G項(xiàng)“Thekeyistouseamethodtohelpyourememberthethingsyouaregratefulfor.”（關(guān)鍵是要用一種方法來(lái)幫助你記住讓你感激的事情）符合文意，故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Reflectonpastnegativeexperiences”（反思過(guò)去的消極經(jīng)歷）以及該段落第一句“Lookbackontheworstmomentsinyourlife.”（回想一下你生命中最糟糕的時(shí)刻），可知此段在講述把現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去的消極經(jīng)歷相比較，在比較中找到現(xiàn)在經(jīng)歷的可貴和值得學(xué)習(xí)之處。C項(xiàng)“Then,comparethosewithwhereyouarenow.”（然后，將它們與你現(xiàn)在所處的位置進(jìn)行比較）符合文意，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasoutofworkwhenIwasinKeyLargo.ThoughIwasin___21___times,Ichosetoenjoymylife.I___22___takingwalksinthemorning,whichbecamealargepartofmy___23___lifestyle.Iwalkedoutofmyhouseformylittlewalkatabout7:30onemorning.Iusually___24___sneakers(運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋)forwalking,butIdecidedto___25___withothershoesthatday.Whilewalkingthroughtheneighborhoodforawhile,I___26___myfeetwerestartingtohurt.ButI___27___thepeacefulwalksomuchthatIwenton.___28___,Ifeltlikedancing.SoIdid.Somepeoplepassingbyseemedalittle___29___butamused(逗樂(lè))bymyearlymorningdance.Ipolitely___30___asIcontinuedmydance.My___31___wenttohowgratefulIwastobehere.IranthroughallthethingsI___32___:myhealth,mygreatfriends,myfamily,etc.Ibelievedthatmythanks___33___thedanceIwasperforming.Ihavespentmylifesearchingformy___34___hereonearth.Ihavebeenlookingforthemeaningoflife.ButnowIfullyunderstandthatmytruepurposeistospreadthisjoyandshowthatthehappyandpeaceful___35___isforallofuswhotrulyseekit.21.A.new B.hard C.serious D.dangerous22.A.loved B.finished C.suggested D.imagined23A.stressful B.strange C.curious D.peaceful24.A.wore B.bought C.threw D.left25.A.experiment B.option C.journey D.match26.A.guessed B.realized C.dreamed D.believed27.A.experienced B.doubted C.enjoyed D.planned28.A.Luckily B.Secretly C.Similarly D.Suddenly29.A.surprised B.moved C.pleased D.interested30.A.waved B.refused C.pointed D.circled31.A.reason B.effort C.mind D.question32.A.own B.offer C.save D.share33.A.madeup B.differedfrom C.cameacross D.turnedinto34.A.choice B.purpose C.wealth D.decision35.A.result B.lesson C.life D.role【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者在困難時(shí)期失業(yè)后選擇享受生活，在文章里作者記錄了自己尋求生活的意義并獲得感悟的過(guò)程?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我處于困難時(shí)期，但我選擇享受我的生活。A.new新的；B.hard艱難的；C.serious嚴(yán)肅的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)前文“IwasoutofworkwhenIwasinKeyLargo”(我在基拉戈的時(shí)候失業(yè)了)和though(盡管)可知，此處是指盡管“我”失業(yè)后很困難，但“我”選擇享受生活。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡早上散步，這成為我平靜生活的一大部分。A.loved愛(ài)；B.finished結(jié)束；C.suggested建議；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)后文“Iwalkedoutofmyhouseformylittlewalkatabout7:30onemorning.”(一天早上7:30左右，我走出家門去散步。)可知，此處是指“我”喜歡早上散步。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡早上散步，這成為我平靜生活的一大部分。A.stressful壓力大的；B.strange奇怪的；C.curious好奇的；D.peaceful平靜的。根據(jù)后文“thepeacefulwalk”(寧?kù)o的散步)和前文“Ichosetoenjoymylife”可知，此處是指“我”平靜的生活。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走路通常穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，但那天我決定穿別的鞋。A.wore穿；B.bought購(gòu)買；C.threw扔；D.left離開(kāi)。根據(jù)“sneakersforwalking”可知，此處是指通常穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。故選A。25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走路通常穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，但那天我決定穿別的鞋。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.option選擇；C.journey旅行；D.match匹配。根據(jù)“forwalking”和“withothershoes”可知，此處是指穿別的鞋旅行。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在附近走了一會(huì)兒，我意識(shí)到我的腳開(kāi)始疼了。A.guessed猜測(cè)；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.dreamed夢(mèng)想；D.believed相信。根據(jù)“myfeetwerestartingtohurt”可知，此處是指“我”意識(shí)到“我”的腳開(kāi)始疼了。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我非常喜歡這種寧?kù)o的散步，所以我繼續(xù)往前走。A.experienced體驗(yàn)；B.doubted懷疑；C.enjoyed喜歡；D.planned計(jì)劃。根據(jù)“thatIwenton”可知，此處是指雖然“我”開(kāi)始腳疼，但是因?yàn)榉浅Ｏ硎苓@樣寧?kù)o的散步，所以繼續(xù)往前走。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我想跳舞。A.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.Secretly秘密地；C.Similarly相似地；D.Suddenly突然地。根據(jù)“IenjoyedthepeacefulwalksomuchthatIwenton”和“Ifeltlikedancing”可知，想要跳舞是在散步過(guò)程中突然有的想法。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一些路過(guò)的人似乎有點(diǎn)驚訝，但對(duì)我清晨的舞蹈感到很有趣。A.surprised驚訝的；B.moved感動(dòng)的；C.pleased高興的；D.interested感興趣的。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，but前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處是指一些路人有些驚訝。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我繼續(xù)跳舞的同時(shí)禮貌地?fù)]了揮手。A.waved揮手；B.refused拒絕；C.pointed指；D.circled轉(zhuǎn)圈。根據(jù)“asIcontinuedmydance”和politely可知，此處是指禮貌地?fù)]手。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的腦海里浮現(xiàn)出我是多么感激來(lái)到這里。A.reason理由；B.effort努力；C.mind頭腦；D.question問(wèn)題。根據(jù)“howgratefulIwastobehere”和后文“myhealth,mygreatfriends,myfamily,etc”(我的健康，我的好朋友，我的家人，等等)可知，此處是指“我”的腦海里浮現(xiàn)出“我”是多么感激來(lái)到這里。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想到了我所有的事情：我的健康，我的好朋友，我的家人，等等。A.own擁有；B.offer提供；C.save節(jié)省；D.share分享。根據(jù)“howgratefulIwastobehere”可知，此處是指“我”所擁有的一切。故選A。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我相信我的感謝轉(zhuǎn)化成了我的舞蹈。A.madeup組成；B.differedfrom與……不同；C.cameacross碰到；D.turnedinto轉(zhuǎn)化成。根據(jù)“mythanks”和“thedanceIwasperforming”可知，此處是指“我”的感謝轉(zhuǎn)化成了“我”的舞蹈。故選D。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一生都在尋找我的目標(biāo)。A.choice選擇；B.purpose目標(biāo)；C.wealth財(cái)富；D.decision決定。根據(jù)“mytruepurpose”(我真正的目標(biāo))可知，此處是指尋找“我”的目標(biāo)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在我完全明白，我的真正目的是傳播這種喜悅，并表明，幸福與和平的生活正是我們所有人所追求的。A.result結(jié)果；B.lesson教訓(xùn)；C.life生活；D.role角色。根據(jù)前文“Ihavebeenlookingforthemeaningoflife”(我一直在尋找生命的意義)可知，此處是指幸福與和平的生活。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Anancientculturedatingbackmorethan5,000yearsprovedChina’searlyexchangeswithothersocieties,expertssay.ExpertsbelievetheMajiayaoculturehadaclose___36___(connect)withothervariouscultures.Theyputitforwardatarecentmeeting___37___washeldinGansuProvince.Withmorethan5,000