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專題088BU5U8一輪復(fù)習(xí)8BUnit5知識點PartOneicstrip1.You’reoldenoughtolearnaboutmannersnow,Hobo.(P64)manner可數(shù)名詞,此處意為“禮貌,禮儀,禮節(jié)”,常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常用搭配:goodmanners有禮貌badmanners沒禮貌tablemanners餐桌禮儀(2)manner作可數(shù)名詞,還有“方法,方式”之意,常用單數(shù)形式,與way同義。例如:Youshouldwriteinthismanner.2.Second,don’tcutinonothers.(P64)cutin(onsb.)意為“打斷某人的談話,插嘴”,相當(dāng)于interruptsb。例如: Marylikestocutinonothers.3、Alwayswaitpolitely.(P64)(1)politely副詞,意為“禮貌地”,常用來修飾動詞。例如:Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.(2)polite形容詞,意為“禮貌的”,可用作定語、表語等,它的反義詞impolite,意為“無禮的”。bepolitetosb.意為“對某人有禮貌”。例如:It’simpolitetoshoutloudly.Thestudentsarepolitetotheirteachers.PartTwoWeletotheunitLeavethetaprunning.(P65)(1)leavesthdoing意為“使/讓.......處于.....狀態(tài)”。leave后接名詞、形容詞、動詞ing形式、介詞短語作賓語補足語。例如: Don’tleavethemachineturning.(2)run此處為不及物動詞,意為“流動”。例如:Tearsranfromhereyes.run作不及物動詞,意為“跑,奔跑”。例如:Isawaboyrunningonthestreet.run作不及物動詞,意為“機器運轉(zhuǎn)”。例如:Theenginerunsproperly.run作不及物動詞,意為“掉色,褪色”。例如:Whenyouwashtheblouseinhotwater,thecolorwillrun.run作及物動詞,意為“經(jīng)營,管理”。例如:Theyruntherestaurantwell.2、queueforyourturn(P65)(1)queue此處為不及物動詞,意為(人、車等)排隊等候。例如: Pleasequeueupforabus.Manypeopledon’tliketoqueue.queue還可用作可數(shù)名詞,意為“隊,行列”。例如:standinaqueue排隊等候jumpthequeue插隊(2)turn此處為可數(shù)名詞,意為“輪流,(輪流的)順序”。例如:It’syourturntoreadnow.與turn相關(guān)的短語:taketurns輪流inturn依次,輪流byturns輪流,交替例如:Pleasetaketurnstolookafterthesickboy.Pleaseanswerthequestioninturn.3、Weshouldkeepquiet.(P65)keepquiet意為“保持安靜”,keep此處為連系動詞,意為“保持(某種狀態(tài))”,后跟形容詞作表語。例如:Youmustkeepquietinthehospital.系動詞歸納:一是(be)一覺(feel)一保持(keep);四個起來(look看起來,sound聽起來,taste嘗起來,smell聞起來);似乎(seem)變了四個(get,bee,go,turn)PartThreeReadingTodaywe’veinvitedJennytotalkaboutmannersintheUK.(P65)invite為及物動名詞,意為“邀請”,invitesbtodosth.意為“邀請某人做某事”。例如:Hesometimesinvitesmetoseethefilm.invitesbto+名詞,意為“邀請某人去.....”.例如:We’llinviteTomtodinnertomorrow.Well,Britishpeoplesay“hello”,or“nicetomeetyou”andshakeyourhandwhentheymeetyouforthefirsttime.(P66)shakesb’shand意為“與某人握手”,相當(dāng)于shakehandswithsb。例如:YoushouldshakeTony’shand.=YoushouldshakehandswithTony.Dotheygreetpeoplewithakiss?(P66)(1)greet及物動詞,意為“問候,打招呼”,相當(dāng)于sayhellotosb.。例如:Hegreetedhisteacherbysaying“GoodMorning”.greetsbwithanod意為“以點頭招呼某人”。greeting可數(shù)名詞,意為“問候,致意,祝賀”。kiss此處為可數(shù)名詞,意為“親吻”。givesbakiss意為“吻某人一下;給某人一個親吻”。Kiss還可作為及物動詞,意為“吻,親吻”。例如:Themothergavehersonakissandleft.Hekissedhiswife.4、Britishpeopleonlygreetrelativesorclosefriendswithakiss.(P66)close此處為形容詞,意為“親密的;嚴密的”,表示關(guān)系或情感上的“親近”,可作定語或表語。closeto“與.....關(guān)系密切”。例如:I’mclosetomyEnglishteacher.closeto還有“離.....近”之意。例如:Thefactoryisclosetotheschool.close還可作及物動詞,意為“關(guān)閉”。例如:Pleaseclosethewindow.5、Butpleaseavoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney.(P66)(1)avoid及物動詞,意為“避免”,后跟名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式作定語。例如:You’dbetteravoidthetrafficatrushhour.It’snoteasytoavoidmakingmistakes.(2)subject此處作為可數(shù)名詞,意為“話題,主題”。作可數(shù)名詞,還有“學(xué)科”之意。例如:Mostofusdon’tlikethissubject.Howmanysubjectsareyoustudyingthisterm.6、Dopeopletherebehavepolitelyinpublic?(P66)(1)behave不及物動詞,意為“表現(xiàn)”。例如:Childrenbehavedverybadlyafterlunch.public集合名詞,意為“民眾,大眾”。inpublic意為“公開地,當(dāng)眾”。還可作形容詞,意為“公共的,公開的”例如:Idon’tliketomakeaspeechinpublic.apubliclibrary公共圖書館apublicplace公共場所7、Theythinkit’srudetopushinbeforeothers.(P66)push為不及物動詞,意為“推,擠”。pushin意為“插隊,加塞”,是英式英語的用法,美式英語常用cutin。例如:Youshouldn’tpushinbeforeus.=youshouldn’tcutinbeforeus.8、Also,iftheybumpintosomeoneinthestreet,they’llsay“sorry”.(P67)bump此處為不及物動詞,意為“碰,撞”,常與介詞against,into連用bumpinto意為“撞上,偶然碰見”。bump還可作可數(shù)名詞,意為“碰,撞擊;(因碰撞而引起的)腫塊”。例如:Thecarbumpedintoatree.Hebumpedagainstthedoor.JustnowIbumpedintoourEnglishteacher.Weheardabumpinthenextroom.9、Ifyou’reintheirway,theywon’ttouchyouorpushpastyou.(P67)(1)inone’sway意為“擋住某人的路”。例如:Agroupofsheepareinourway.onone’sway(to)意為“在去.....的路上”。intheway意為“妨礙,擋道”。例如:ImetTomonmywaytoschool.Yourhobbygotinthewayofyourstudies.touch此處為及物動詞,意為“觸碰,碰”。例如:Don’ttouchthethingsinthemuseum.Hetouchedahotpotandburnthimself.10、They’llsay“excuseme”andbepoliteenoughtowaittillyoumove.(P67)(1)excuse此處為及物動詞,意為“原諒,寬恕”。Excuseme意為“勞駕”。例如:Excuseme,canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?(2)till此處用做連詞,意為“到......時,直到....為止”。用于肯定句,主句中用延續(xù)性動詞,指動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到till表示的時間為止,意為“直到.....為止”。用于否定句時,主句中的動詞一般是非延續(xù)性的,它表示的動作直到till所表示的時間才發(fā)生,意為“直到.....(才)”。例如:Shewaitedheretillyoucameback.Don’tgoawaytillIeback.till還可作介詞,意為“直到.....為止”,用于肯定句,與延續(xù)性動詞連用;用于否定句中,與非延續(xù)性動詞連用,意為“直到......(才)”。例如:IhadbeeninBeijingtilllastweek.Tomwenttosleeptillmidnight.例如:Tomlikesmusic.Ilikeitaswell.11、Britishpeopledon’tliketoshoutorlaughloudly.(P67)loudly副詞,意為“大聲地”。辨析:loudly與loudloudly:副詞,“大聲地,喧鬧地”,給人以吵鬧、不悅耳的感覺,與quietly相對,用法較正式,含有一點貶義。loud:副詞,“聲音大”,常與laugh,read,speak,talk,等動詞搭配使用,還可與loudly替換使用;還可作形容詞,“大聲的”,可作表語或定語。例如:Whoisknockingatthedoorloudly?Thatmusicistooloud.Don’tspeaksoloud.hitsomeoneorsomethingbyaccident.(P67)byaccident意為“偶然,意外地”,通常在句中作狀語,其反義詞為onpurpose.例如:ImetTomonthestreetbyaccidentyesterday.Wasteainventedbyaccident?PartFourGrammarShedidnotjointhediscussion.(P71)discussion可作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,意為“討論”。例如:Theydecidedtowriteareportafteradiscussion.Thequestionisnowunderdiscussion.discuss及物動詞,意為“討論”,discusssthwithsb.“與某人討論某事”。例如:Youcandiscussthequestionwiththem.Hedidnotexpresshimselfclearly.(P71)express此處用作及物動詞,意為“表達”。expressoneself意為“自我表達”。express的名詞形式是expression,意為“表達,表情,措辭”。例如:Iexpressedmythankstohim.Youcanexpressyourselffreely.express還可作形容詞,意為“特快的”。例如:anexpressletter快信anexpresstrain特快列車Kittywasverybusywithherdancinglessons.(P71)bebusywithsth意為“忙于某事”。bebusy(in)doingsth.意為“忙于做某事”。例如:Maryisbusywithherhomework.=Maryisbusy(in)doingherhomework.PartFiveIntegratedskillsHelpexplainthingsandgiveususefulinformation.(P72)explain此處為及物動詞,意為“解釋”,其后可跟名詞、代詞或從句。例如:OurEnglishteacheralwaysexplainthingstousclearly.explain還可作不及物動詞,意為“解釋,說明”。例如:Whydidn’tyoulethimexplain?Keepus....fromdanger.(P14)keepsbfromsth.意為“保護某人免受......;阻止某人......”。例如:Sunglassescankeepusfromthesun.stop....fromdoing......,prevent.....fromdoing.....與keep.....fromdoing....都有“阻止....做.....”之意,三者同義。例如:Noonecanstop/prevent/keepusfromcreatingwonders.Warnus.......(P14)warn及物動詞,意為“警告,告誡”,warnsb.意為“警告,告誡某人”。例如:It’sdangeroustocrosstheroad.Pleasewarnthestudents.(1)warnsb(not)todosth.意為“警告某人(不要)做某事”。例如:Wewarnedhimnottoplaywithfire.(2)warnsbof/aboutsth.意為“警告某人某事;提醒某人注意某事”。例如:Thepolicewarnedthechildrenof/aboutthedanger.(3)warnsbagainstdoingsth.意為“警告/告誡某人不要做某事”。例如:Thedoctorwarnedmyfatheragainstsmoking.4、Whynot?(P73)Whynot.....?意為“為什么不?”,其后跟動詞原形,該句型還可以用“whydon’t/doesn’tsbdosth?”,表示勸說、建議某人去做某事。例如:YourspokenEnglishispoor.WhynotjoinanEnglishclub?Whynoteearly?=Whydon’tyoueearly?PartSixStudyskills1、Everybodywillbeluckyorsuccessfulsometimeintheirlife.(P74)sometime副詞,意為“在某時”,表示將來或過去的某個時候。例如:Marywilletoourschoolsometimenextweek.辨析:sometime,sometime,sometimes與sometimessometime:在某時I’llvisittheGreatWallsometimethisyear.sometime:一段時間I’llliveherefrosometime.sometimes:有時SometimesIhavelunchatschool.sometimes:幾次,幾倍I’vebeentothemuseumsometimes.2、risklosingeverythingallatonetime(P74)risk及物動詞,意為“冒險做”,其后可跟名詞或動詞ing形式。例如:Canyouriskyourlifetosavepeople?risk還可作可數(shù)名詞,意為“冒險,冒風(fēng)險”。例如:Helikestotakearisk.atonetime意為“一度,同時,在過去某個時候”。例如:Youcanborrowtwobooksatonetime.3、practicemakesperfect(P75)practice名詞,意為“練習(xí),訓(xùn)練,實踐”。例如:EnoughpracticecanhelpimproveyourEnglish.practice還可作及物動詞,意為“練習(xí)”,其后可跟名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式。例如:Ioftenpracticeplayingthepianoafterschool.practice在英式英語中,其動詞形式為practise,在美式英語中其名詞與動詞形式均為practice。PartSevenTaskWeshouldknowtheserulestomakesurethatbothguestsandhostsarefortableatthetable.(P76)makesure意為“弄清楚,務(wù)必,確信”,其后多接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,有時也與of/about連用。例如:ImakesurethatIhaveturnedthetapoff.Pleasemakesureofthetimeandplace.besureof/that......“對....有把握,確信”,主語是人。Besuretodosth主語是人也可以是物,表示說話人的推測,有“一定,必然會”之意。例如:Heissurethathewillsucceed.=Heissureofsuccess.He’ssuretowin.It’ssuretorain.atthetable意為“在桌子旁”,不一定在吃飯。attable“在吃飯”,其結(jié)構(gòu)為:at+名詞,表示狀態(tài)。例如:Heoftenreadsnewspapersatthetable.Tomandhisparentsareattablenow.2、Wearegoingtoholdatalkongoodtablemanners.(P77)on介詞,意為“關(guān)于”。例如:Thebookisonscience.辨析:on與abouton:側(cè)重論述,較正式,多用于諸如學(xué)術(shù)報告、專著、國際形勢等方面的內(nèi)容。about:側(cè)重敘事,多用于個人事跡、故事內(nèi)容、一般的書籍及內(nèi)容淺顯的問題等。例如:Doyouhaveabookontheputer?IhaveabookaboutLeiFeng.3、Aboveall.........(P77)aboveall意為“首先,首要的是”。例如:Aboveall,thefoodisfree.辨析:aboveall,firstofall與afterallaboveall:首先,首要的是強調(diào)需要特別對待,類似于especially。firstofall:首先,開始,第一表示次序,相當(dāng)于atfirst。afterall:畢竟,終究,到底表示一種讓步語氣。例如:Aboveall,makesureyoukeepintouch.Firstofall,cuttheapplesup.Heisachildafterall.短語歸納cutin(onsb/sth) 打斷(談話),插嘴 shakeone’shand與某人握手 inpublic公開地,在別人面前pushin插隊,加塞 bumpinto碰到,撞到inone’sway擋住某人的路byaccident 偶然,意外地expressoneself自我表達betiredout精疲力盡 makesure務(wù)必,確信 aboveall首先,首要的是droplittereverywhere到處亂扔垃圾leavethetaprunning讓水龍頭一直流淌obeytrafficrules遵守交通規(guī)則 forthefirsttime首次onone’sown單獨,獨自sthhappenstosb某事發(fā)生在某人身上holdatalk舉行一次報告sayhellotosb向某人問好句型歸納adj.+enoughtodosth 夠.....,,做某事too+adj./adv.+todosth 太....而不能做某事keepsbfrom(doing)sth 使某人免于(做)某事avoiddoingsth 避免做某事warnsb(not)todosth 警告某人(不)要做某事inordertodosth 為了做某事riskdoingsth 冒險做某事try(not)todosth 努力(不)做某事find+某人/某物(n./pron.)+adj.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人/某物......8BUnit6知識點PartOneicstripI’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.(P78)=1\*GB3①train此處為及物動詞(也可作不及物動詞),意為“接受訓(xùn)練;培訓(xùn)等”例如:Heistrainingtobeadoctor.Weshouldtrainstudentstoformgoodhabits.=2\*GB3②trainern.教練;traineen.接受訓(xùn)練的人,學(xué)員=3\*GB3③training不可數(shù)名詞,意為“訓(xùn)練”。例如:Youneedmoretraining.Willyousupportme,Eddie?(P78)=1\*GB3①support此處為及物動詞,意為“支持”。例如:Idon’tsupporthisopinion.=2\*GB3②support作不可數(shù)名詞時,意為“支持,擁護”。例如:Heneedsoursupport.=3\*GB3③supporter可數(shù)名詞,意為“支持者,擁護者”。例如:Ihavemanysupporters.It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.(P78)meaningfuladj.有有意義的;meaninglessadj.無意義的例如: Whathedidismeaningful.Hegavemeameaningfullook.HowcanIhelpthen?(P78)辨析:can與beableto 易混詞含義具體解析can能,會只是一般性的能力,指“有能力做某事”,只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(can)和一般過去時(could) 可以用來表示請求、允許;beableto則不能可能用來推測,表示可能性,常用于否定句中beableto能,會強調(diào)具體事件中有能力,指“經(jīng)過努力而成功地做某事”,可用于各種時態(tài);不能與can連用;不能表示可能性的推測例如:Theboycanskate=Theboyisabletoskate.CanIein?Themancan’tbeMr.Green.HehasgonetoAmerica.Ineedsomemorefoodtoeatatwork.(P78)somemore意為“再來一點,再多一些”拓展:“數(shù)詞+more+名詞”=“another+數(shù)詞+名詞”。例如:Iwanttobuytenmoreapples.=wewanttobuyanothertenapples.PartTwoWeletotheunitblindadj.瞎的(P79)由blind構(gòu)成的短語:goblind失明;turnablindeyeto對……佯裝不見beblindto對……視而不見deafadj.聾的(P79)例如: Heisadeafman.Heisdeafofanear.拓展:=1\*GB3①bedeaftoadvice意為“不聽勸告”Tomisalwaysdeaftoadvice.=2\*GB3②turnadeafearto意為“對……充耳不聞”Don’tturnadeafeartowhatIsaid.3、Whatarehomelesspeople,Daniel?(P79)homelessadj.無家可歸的類似以后綴“l(fā)ess”構(gòu)成的單詞:careless馬虎的;useless無用的;harmless無害的;meaningless沒有意義的;endless無盡的;helpless無助的4、Theycanprovidespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay.(P79)providesth.forsb.意為“為某人提供某物”,相當(dāng)于providesb.withsth.例如: Theyoftenprovidehungrychildrenwithfood.Theyoftenprovidefoodforhungrychildren.簡單辨析:give,provide與offer=1\*GB3①providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.=2\*GB3②givesth.tosb.=givesb.sth.=3\*GB3③offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.PartThreeReadingThespecialOlympicsWorldGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld..(P80)=1\*GB3①givesb.achancetodosth.意為“給某人做某事的機會”例如:Iwillgiveyouachancetoexplainyourself.=2\*GB3②句中的withintellectualdisabilities為后置定語,修飾childrenandadults。介詞短語作定語一般要后置。例如:Thestudentsondutyarecleaningtheclassroom.=3\*GB3③chance可數(shù)名詞,意為“機會”,強調(diào)偶然性。例如:Doyouhaveachancetowin?Youhavenochancenow.TheyincludemanyeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics….(P80)=1\*GB3①event此處用作可數(shù)名詞,意為“比賽項目;大事”。例如:Howmanyeventsarethereatyourschoolsportsmeeting?It’saneventinhistory.那是歷史上的一件大事。=2\*GB3②similaradj.意為“同樣的,類似的”,besimilarto意為“與……相似”,其中to為介詞,其后多接名詞或代詞例如:Mywatchissimilartoyours.拓展:besimilarin意為“在……方面相似”;bethesameas意為“與……相同”Theyaresimilarincolor.Mycoatisthesameasmyfriend’s.Thentheyprovidedsupportfortheathletesandhelpedmaketheeventagreatsuccess.(P80)maketheeventagreatsuccess意為“使本屆特奧會取得很大的成功”,make+sb./sth.+名詞結(jié)構(gòu),其中theevent是make的賓語,agreatsuccess為其賓語補足語 例如:Hardlifemakestheboyaman.艱苦的生活使這個男孩成為一個男子漢WemadeTomourmonitor.拓展:make后還以接省略to的動詞不定式、形容詞、過去分詞作賓語補足語。Don’tmaketheboycryanymore.Theboyoftenmakeshismotherangry.Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinChinese.Hewasbornwithintellectualdisabilities.(P81)bebornwith…..意為“生來具有……”例如:Hewasbornwithaweakbody.他生來體弱。ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.(P81)=1\*GB3①not…but…意為“不是……,而是……”。例如: Jim’sfatherisnotateacherbutadoctor.Thebookisnothersbutmine.=2\*GB3②gold此處用作可數(shù)名詞,意為“金牌”。例如:Hewonmanygolds.拓展:gold還可用作不可數(shù)名詞,意為“黃金,金子”;gold用作形容詞時,意為“金黃色的,金質(zhì)的”。Howmuchgolddoyouhave?你有多少黃金?ThegirlwithagoldwatchisMary.那個戴金表的女孩是瑪麗。HefeelsmoreconfidentnowbecauseoftheSpecialOlympicsWorldGames.(P81)confidentadj.此處意為“自信的”,可以作表語或定語。其常見搭配有:beconfidentofsth.意為“對……有信心”;beconfident+that從句意為“確信……,對……有信心”。例如:Heisaconfidentperson.Maryisconfidentofpassingtheexam.=Maryisconfidentthatshecanpasstheexam.Yougettohelpthemachievetheirdreams…(P81)=1\*GB3①gettodosth.此處意為“有機會做某事,得到做某事的機會”。例如:HegottotakepartintheOlympics.Hegottotryouthisnewidea.=2\*GB3②gettosb.還表示“使某人惱怒或生氣,影響某人”。例如:Don’tletthemgettoyou.不要讓他們影響你。Iknowsomepeopleoffertohelpwithoutgettingpaidfortheevent.(P82)offertodosth.意為“主動提出做某事”。例如:MaryofferedtohelpmewithmyEnglish.拓展:offersth.提供某物;offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.Heofferedsomeadvice.Theyofferedushotwater.=Theyofferedhotwatertous.DidLiHaiwinfirstprize?(P82)=1\*GB3①firstprize意為“一等獎”,當(dāng)序數(shù)詞表示名詞時,其前的定冠詞通常可以省略。例如:Hewonthirdprizeatlast.=2\*GB3②prize此處為可數(shù)名詞,意為“獎品,獎金,獎賞”,wintheprize意為“獲獎”,常常指在比賽中獲勝時或有特殊貢獻時所得的獎勵。例如:HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforpeace.他獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。WhataretheSpecialOlympicsWorldGamesfor?(P83)What…for?意為“為什么……?”。例如:Whatareyouherefor?Tomeetmyuncle.辨析:what…for與whyWhat…for為什么……用于詢問目的或用途,一般用動詞不定式或for介詞短語等回答,不能用because回答例:Whatdoyouwantabasketfor?Iwanttobuysomeapples.why為什么側(cè)重詢問原因,一般用because作答例:Whywereyoulateforschool?BecauseImissedtheearlybus.PartFourGrammarDoyouhaveanytroubletalkingtopeoplewithintellectualdisabilities?(P85)havetrouble(in)doingsth.意為“做某事費力(或有麻煩)”。例如:Ihavesometrouble(in)workingouttheproblem.拓展:=1\*GB3①trouble是不可數(shù)名詞,前面可用no,much,some,alittle,little等詞修飾,介詞in通常省略。例如:HehasnotroublelearningEnglish.=2\*GB3②和havetroubledoingsth.類似的短語還有:havedifficultydoingsth.做某事有困難;haveproblemsdoingsth.做某事有問題;havefundoingsth.=haveagreattimedoingsth.做某事很開心=3\*GB3③havetroublewithsth.某事有麻煩;havedifficultywithsth.在某事上遇到困難;例如:Thegirlhadproblemswithherhealthlastweek.donateblood(P86)=1\*GB3①donate此處用作及物動詞,意為“捐獻”,donatesth.tosb.意為“把某物捐給某人”。例如: Youcandonatethebookstothechildreninpoorareas.拓展:donate還可用作不及物動詞,意為“捐獻”;donation名詞,意為“捐助,捐贈物”,當(dāng)意為“捐贈物”時,是可數(shù)名詞;當(dāng)意為“捐助”時,是不可數(shù)名詞。例如:Hehasalotofmoney,buthedoesn’twanttodonate.Theyreceivedmanydonationsfromthegovernment.Thedonationisabout10,000dollars.=2\*GB3②blood此處用作不可數(shù)名詞,意為“血,血液”。例如: Bloodisthickerthanwater.Thereissomebloodontheground.拓展:bloodtype血型;makeabloodtest驗血;incoldblood殘忍地;makesb.’sbloodfreeze使某人極度恐懼PartSixTask1、Thedoctorsaysthathehasaseriousblooddisease.(P90)disease此處為可數(shù)名詞,意為“疾病”。例如: Hewasbornwithaheartdisease.2、Theydonothaveenoughmoneyforsuchanoperation.(P90)辨析:such與so such形容詞,用來修飾名詞+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so副詞,用來修飾形容詞或副詞+形容詞/副詞+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+many/few/much/little(少)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞例如:Theyaresuchusefulbooks.Heissoclever.Therearesomanypeopleintheroom.Otherwise,hemaylosehislife.(P90) loseone’slife意為“失去生命,喪生”。例如:Manypeoplelosttheirlivesbecauseofsmoking.拓展:=1\*GB3①loseheart灰心喪氣Don’tloseheart.You’lllearnEnglishwell.=2\*GB3②loseoneself迷路;沉湎于Helosthimselfinreading.=3\*GB3③loseone’sway迷路,相當(dāng)于getlostTheboylosthiswayandcriedonthestreet.短語歸納providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物bebornwith生來具有……bemadeupof又……組成leadto導(dǎo)致receivetraining接受培訓(xùn)theswimmingcoach游泳教練giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手achieveone’sdream實現(xiàn)某人的夢想not…but…不是……,而是……droplittereverywhere亂丟垃圾keepintouch保持聯(lián)系not…anymore不再getwellagain恢復(fù)健康句型歸納feellike+n./doingsth.想要某事/做某事,感覺像某物/做某事expecttodosth.期待做某事offertodosth.主動做某事takeactiontodosth.采取行動做某事8BUnit7知識點PartOneicstrip1、Youhavesomepocketmoneyleft.(P92)left此處是leave的過去分詞,意思是“剩余的”。例如: Attheendoftheparty,wehadsomefoodleft.拓展:(1)left名詞,意思是“左邊”。例如:ThegirlontheleftisLily.(2)left副詞,意思是“向左”。例如:Youcanturnleftatthesecondcrossing.left形容詞,意思是“左邊的”。例如:Thepostofficeisontheleftsideofthestreet.PartTwoWeletotheunit1.ORBIS(國際奧比斯組織)(P93)2.Oxfam(<英>牛津饑荒救濟委員會/樂施會)(P93)3.UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund聯(lián)合國兒童基金會)(P93)4.WWF(WorldWildlifeFund世界野生動物基金)(P93)重點全解IknowaboutacharitycalledUNICEF.(P93)1.knowabout表示“了解,知道”。例如: Doyouknowabouthim?2.UNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund)聯(lián)合國兒童基金會Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.(P93)1.helpsb.(to)dosth.“幫助某人做某事”;helpsb.withsth.“幫助某人某事”。例如: Theboyhelpedtheoldwomantocrosstheroad.Shealwayshelpshimwithhishomework.2.especiallyadv.“尤其,特別”,是especial的副詞形式;especialadj.“特別的,特殊的”。例如:Iamespeciallybusyonthisweekends.Thisisanespecialday.3.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界例如:Iwanttotravelaroundtheworld.=Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.3.Itprovidesbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas.(P93)1.basicadj.“基礎(chǔ)的,基本的”。例如:Everyoneshouldgetbasicright.2.education不可數(shù)名詞“教育”。例如:Childrenmustgeteducation.拓展:1.educatev.“教育;培養(yǎng)”。Educatesb.todosth.“教育某人做某事”。例如:Ittakespatiencetoeducatechildren.Youshouldeducateyoursontobefriendlytoothers.2.educatorn.“教育工作者;教育家”。例如:TaoXingzhiisagreateducator.4.Italsoworkstopreventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases,likeAIDS,amongyoungpeople.(P93)1.spreadv.“擴散;分布;展開”。例如:Wemustpreventthespreadofthiskindofillness.Youshouldrealizetheimportanceofthespreadofeducation.拓展:spread(spreadspread)既可以作及物動詞,也可以作不及物動詞,意思是“展開;傳播;散布”。例如:Hespreadthemap.Thenewswasspreadquickly.PartThreeReadingDrMa,pleasetellussomethingaboutblindness.(P94)blindness不可數(shù)名詞“失明”。例如:Don’tgiveupyourdreambecauseofyourblindness.拓展:blindness是形容詞blind+后綴ness構(gòu)成的名詞,類似的還有:kindness和藹illness疾病happiness快樂richness富有sadness悲傷Theplaneisalsousedasatrainingcentre.(P94)beusedas…“被用作……..”.例如:Englishisusedasasecondlanguageinmanycountries.拓展:1.beusedfor….“被用來”例如:Aknifeisusedforcuttingthings.2.beusedby…“被…….使用”例如:Chineseisusedbymoreandmoreforeigners.3.beusedin…“被用于……方面”例如:Ihopethatthemoneyisusedinmedicalresearch.Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital…(P94)1.afford及物動詞“買得起;能做;承擔(dān)得起”,后面接名詞、代詞或動詞不定式做賓語。例如: ThehouseissoexpensivethatIcan’taffordit.Shecan’taffordtopayforherdaughter’seducation.口訣:巧記afford的用法:動詞afford表“承擔(dān)”,用法特殊記心間。can,could,beableto,三個“能”字在其前。疑問否定常出現(xiàn),被動結(jié)構(gòu)就免談。2.gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去醫(yī)院(看病人或做其他事)Also,localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.(P94)onboard“在飛機(船、火車)上”例如:Allthesailorshavebeenonboard.Whenyouareonboard,youshouldturnoffyourmobilephone.Duringmylastvisit,150patientswereoperatedon.(P95)1.patient在句中用作可數(shù)名詞,“病人,患者”例如:Thesepatientsarewaitingforthedoctortoe.一言辨義:Asadoctor,youshouldbepatientwithallthepatients.=2\#"#,##0.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"2operate不及物動詞,“開刀,做手術(shù)”,“給某人做手術(shù)”應(yīng)用operateonsb.表示例如:Thedoctorisoperatingonhim.拓展:operate“操作;開動(機器等)”例如:Hisfatherisoperatingthemachine.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.(P95)Proudadj.“自豪的,驕傲的”。常見的短語如下:1.beproudtodosth.“以做某事而驕傲”例如:Alltheplayersareproudtoplayfortheirmotherland.2.beproudof…“為……..而自豪”例如:Theyareproudoftheirson.3.beproudthat+從句,………很自豪…….例如:IamproudthatIhavefinishedtheworksuccessfully.拓展:takepridein…與beproudof…同義“為……..而自豪”例如:Doyoutakeprideinyourjob?7、Modernmedicineisdevelopingquicklyandnowmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.(P95)1.medicine用作不可數(shù)名詞,“醫(yī)學(xué);藥”。“服藥;吃藥;喝藥”應(yīng)用takethemedicine表示,而不用eatthemedicine或drinkthemedicine表示。例如:Chinesemedicineisverypopularinwesterncountriesnow.Youmusttakethemedicinethreetimesaday.2.develop可用作及物動詞或不及物動詞,“發(fā)展;加強”。例如:ModernmusicwasfirstdevelopedinItaly.Youshoulddevelopyourmindfully.拓展:development可用作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,“發(fā)展;進展;發(fā)達;發(fā)育”;developing“發(fā)展中的”,developed“發(fā)達的”。3.treat及物動詞,“治療”例如:Thedoctoristreatinghimforhisillness.拓展:treat用作及物動詞,“對待;看待;把……看作”,treat….as…”把……看作…..”例如:Don’ttreatmeasachild.辨析:treat與curetreat賓語是人、某種疾病或發(fā)病的部位,強調(diào)治療的過程,指對病人進行診斷和治療,但不含治好的意思Thedentististreatingmyteeth.牙科醫(yī)生正在給我看牙。cure賓語可以是人,也可以是某種疾病,強調(diào)治療的結(jié)果,指治愈某種疾病或某人的疾病Thismedicinewillcureyourtoothache.這種藥課治好你的牙疼。一言辨義:Iwilltrymybesttotreathim,butI’mnotsurewhetherIcancurehim.8、.Butmoremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.(P95)carryonwithsth.“繼續(xù)做某事”,相當(dāng)于carryondoingsth.,goondoingsth.或continuedoingsth.例如:Let’scarryonwiththework.PartFiveIntegratedskillsUNICEFraisesmoneybysellingChristmascardsandorganizingotheractivities.(P101)organize及物動詞,“組織”,其名詞形式為organization.例如:Ourschooloftenorganizesdifferentactivities.Thisisaneworganization.2、Openyourmouthandletmehaveacheck.(P102)check此處用作可數(shù)名詞,“檢查;檢驗;核對”;haveacheck“檢查一下”例如:Youshouldhaveacheckbeforeyouhandinyourexampaper.拓展:1.check及物動詞“檢查;檢驗;核對”例如:Haveyoucheckedthehomework?2.英語中類似haveacheck的短語還有很多,如:havealook看一看haveaswim游泳havearest休息haveabreak休息haveawalk散步haveatry試一試haveadiscussion討論haveatalk談一談PartSixStudySkills1.Icouldnotsleepatallthatnight…(P103)not…atall“一點也不,根本不”,其中not通常與主語后面的be動詞,情態(tài)動詞或助動詞do,does或did等連用,構(gòu)成縮略形式。例如:Heisn’tgoodatswimmingatall.Ican’tsingatall.Hedoesn’twanttostayhereatall.拓展:Notatall.”不客氣;不用謝”,相當(dāng)于Youarewele.PartSevenTask1、…soshemadeuphismindtotrainasanurseandattendedcoursesafterwork.(P104)1.makeupone’smindtodosth.“決定做某事”=decidetodosth.例如:Hemadeuphismindtoreturntohishometown.2.attend及物動詞,“上(學(xué));去(教堂)”,還可以是“參加;出席;到場”例如:Childrenbetween5and16mustattendschool.Hewasill,sohedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.2.Sheisgettingusedtotravellingbyplane.(P104)辨析:be/getusedtodoingsth.,usedtodosth.與beusedtodosth.be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事HisfatherisusedtowatchingTVbeforegoingtobed.usedtodosth.過去經(jīng)常做某事Theboyusedtoplayputergames.beusedtodosth.被用來做某事Moreandmorewoodisusedtomakepaper.3、India印度(P105)India名詞,“印度”;Indian“印度的;印度人的;印第安語”例如:HeisfromIndia,andheisanIndian.短語歸納medicaltreatment醫(yī)學(xué)治療dooperations做手術(shù)trainingcentre培訓(xùn)中心onboard在飛機(船、火車)上carryonwithsth.繼續(xù)做某事handout分發(fā);發(fā)出setup創(chuàng)建,建立preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases預(yù)防某些嚴重疾病的傳播beusedas…被用作……operateonsb.給某人做手術(shù)modernmedicine現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)inhospital生病住院preventsb,fromdoingsth.阻止/預(yù)防某人做某事attendcourses上課;參加課程輔導(dǎo)句型歸納1.can’taffordtodosth.承擔(dān)不起做某事2.beproudtodosth.以做某事而驕傲3.makeupone’smindtodosth.下定決心做某事8BUnit8知識點PartThreeReadingInSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.(P108)beseparatedinto意為“被分成”;separate=moveapart:分開,隔開。separate......from意為“把......和......分開/分離”例如:Let'sseparateintosmallergroups.Mymotherisseparatingthegoodapplesfromthebadones.Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.(P108)sendsthtosb=sendsbsth意為“把某物寄/送給某人”固定搭配:sendaway:開除,攆走;sendfor:派人去請;sendup:發(fā)射;sendoff:寄出,發(fā)出例如:Hesentapresenttoheryesterday=Hesentherapresentyesterday.MyfamilyandIoftensendouroldjeansandTshirtstothisorganization.(P108)family意為“家庭,家族,子女”,是可數(shù)名詞。family意為“家庭”時,是集合名詞,作主語時,謂語動詞要根據(jù)語言內(nèi)容而定,如果作為一個集體單位時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果就其成員而言時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。home意為“家”,指某人出生及日常生活的環(huán)境,包括住所及家人。house一般指居住的建筑物,即“房子,住宅”。family意為“家人,家庭”,指組成家庭的成員,特別指父母及子女,有時僅指子女。例如:Herfamilyisahappyone.MyhomeisinNanjing.Therearethreeroomsinmyhouse.4、Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.(P108)=1\*GB3①example意為“例子,榜樣,模范”是可數(shù)名詞;forexample意為“例如”,其中的example只能用單數(shù)形式,且其前不能帶冠詞。固定搭配:takeanexample:舉個例子;followone'sexample:學(xué)某人的樣子;giveagoodexampletoothers:為別人樹立好榜樣。example例子,榜樣,楷模使用范圍較廣,既可指人也可指物。Example沒有“模型”之意。model模范,典范,模型指好的或有價值的東西,也可指值得效仿的優(yōu)秀的人或物,有明顯的褒義。例如:Iamgoingtogiveyouanexample.Thelatestmodelswillbeondisplayatthemotorshow.=2\*GB3②allow意
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