專題08 介詞（二）-中考英語語法單項選擇題專項突破（解析版）

II.介詞與其他詞的搭配介詞可與動詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞等搭配，這種搭配已經(jīng)形成習(xí)語，考生應(yīng)加強記憶。中考主要考查介詞與動詞和形容詞的搭配。介詞與動詞的搭配1.—Lookinthemirror.Whathappened______yourface?—Oh,there’ssomeinkonmyface.(樂山)A.to B.on C.in【答案】A【解析】happentosb.為固定搭配，意為“某人發(fā)生……了”。2.—Canyoucometomypartythisevening?—Sorry,Ican’t.Ihavetoprepare_______myexams.（貴港）A.ofB.forC.aboutD.with【答案】B【解析】句意：——今晚你能參加聚會嗎？——很遺憾，我去不了。我得為考試做準(zhǔn)備。preparefor意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”。3.Wewon!Thehonorbelongs_______allthemembersofourteam.(上海)A)byB)ofC)atD)to【答案】D【解析】句意：我們贏了！榮譽屬于我們隊的所有成員。belongto意為“屬于”，是固定搭配。4.—Hello,mayIspeak________Mike?—ThisisMike,speaking.(昆明)A.at B.to C.in D.on【答案】B【解析】句意：——你好，我可以和邁克通電話嗎？——我就是，請說。speakto意為“和……講話”。5.Sinceyouare_______danger,whynotask______help?(通遼)A.in;forB.in;toC.with;forD.with;to【答案】A牢記以下與動詞搭配的介詞：動詞+forhunt/look/searchfor尋找waitfor等候carefor關(guān)心，喜歡standfor代表askfor請求，要求headfor前往2）動詞+fromlearnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)hearfrom收到……的來信diefrom死于3）動詞+aboutargueabout為……爭論speakabout說起thinkabout思考careabout對……感興趣hearabout聽說talkabout談?wù)搘orryabout擔(dān)心4）動詞+withmeetwith遇到talkwith與……談話beginwith始于agreewith同意（某人的意見），適合disagreewith不同意5）動詞+onagreeon就……達成協(xié)議decideon對……做出決定dependon依賴，依靠keepon繼續(xù)carryon繼續(xù)6）動詞+ofthinkof想到dreamof夢想dieof因（?。┒纒peakof談到hearof聽說7）動詞+inhandin交出bringin引進succeedin獲成功fillin填寫getin收獲（莊稼）8）動詞+tocometo到達belongto屬于happento發(fā)生9）動詞+atlookat看，關(guān)注laughat嘲笑workat用功，努力形容詞與介詞的搭配常與形容詞搭配的介詞有of,for,to,with,at,in,from等。1.CaoYinpengisa9-year-oldChineseboy.Heisknown_________savinghisfather’slife.（湘潭）A.forB.atC.by【答案】A【解析】句意：曹寅朋是一個九歲的中國男孩。他以搶救他父親的生命而聞名。beknownfor意為“以……而著名”。2.It’snotgoodtobelate___________school.（甘孜）A.to B.for C.from【答案】B【解析】句意：上學(xué)遲到不好。belatefor意為“干……遲到”。故選。學(xué)&科網(wǎng)3.Whoisbetter________playingbasketball,youoryourbrother?(宜賓)A.at B.inC.on【答案】A【解析】句意：你和你兄弟誰更擅長打籃球？begoodat意為“擅長于”，這里bebetterat為比較級形式。4.—Yourbestfriendisreallytalented_______learningforeignlanguages.—Yes,heisalsogood_______othersubjects.(烏魯木齊)A.in;withB.at;forC.in;atD.at;to【答案】C牢記以下與形容詞搭配的介詞形容詞+ofcarefulof小心fondof喜歡fullof充滿afraidof害怕tiredof厭倦proudof自豪shortof缺乏2）形容詞+topoliteto有禮貌equalto等于usefulto對……有用closeto接近fairto對……公平rudeto對……粗魯3）形容詞+forlatefor遲到famous/knownfor出名goodfor對……有好處badfor對……有害sorryfor對……抱歉4)形容詞+withpatientwith對……有耐心angrywith惱怒busywith忙于……friendlywith對……友好popularwith受……歡迎crowdedwith擁擠5）形容詞+fromdifferentfrom與……不同absentfrom缺席safefrom沒有危險6）形容詞+inrichin富含，盛產(chǎn)highin……含量高successfulin在……成功interestedin對……感興趣lostin入迷7)形容詞+atangryat對……發(fā)怒goodat擅長于quickat對……反應(yīng)快pleasedat對……欣慰slowat不精于surprisedat對……驚奇badat不善于3.介詞成語1.Thewholefamilywereagreementaboutwhattheyshoulddonext.(白銀)A.aboutB.ofC.inD.on【答案】C2.Graceoftengetsnervousbeforeshegivesaspeech_______.(貴陽)A.inpublic B.intotal C.incommon【答案】A【解析】句意：Grace常在公眾場合演講前變得很緊張。in

public意為“在公眾場合”，符合句意。3.Hedidallthis______silence,andveryrapidly.（十堰）A.at B.in C.with D.of【答案】B【解析】句意：他都是默默地做著所有的事情，而且非常迅速。insilence為固定搭配，意為“默默地；靜靜地”。4.—Mostofthewildanimalsarebecauseoftheirbadlivingenvironment.—Sowemustdosomethingtosavethem.(襄陽)A.inneedB.ondutyC.atworkD.indanger【答案】D【解析】句意：——因為動物生活環(huán)境很糟糕，大多數(shù)野生動物都瀕臨滅絕?！虼宋覀儽仨毑扇〈胧﹣碚人鼈儭ndanger意為“處于危險中”，符合句意。5.Whenyou’reinvitedtohavedinnerathomebyanAmericanfriend,youshouldbe________oralittlelater.It’sdifferentfromourChinesecustom.(山西)A.ontime B.onbusiness C.onshow【答案】A6.—Ifsomeoneis______yourway,whatwillyoudo?—Iwillwaituntilheorshemovesinsteadofpushingpast.(泰州)A.in B.on C.by D.along【答案】A【解析】句意：——如果有人擋了你的路，你會怎么做？——我會等到他或她走過去而不是搶道。inone’sway表示“擋道”，是固定搭配。7.—_________,theremustbelifeonotherplanetsthoughnonehasbeendiscovered.—Iagreewithyou.Theuniverseissolargeafterall.(德州)A.Tomysurprise B.TobehonestC.Inmyopinion D.Againandagain【答案】C【解析】句意：——依我之見，其它星球上一定有生命，盡管還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?！彝?，宇宙畢竟很大。inone’sopinion意為“依某人之見”，符合句意。8.HeknewhissubjectAtoZ.(株洲)A.fromB.atC.on【答案】A【解析】句意：他非常了解他的話題。knowsthfromAtoZ為固定搭配，表示“非常了解某事物”。英語中的介詞成語很多，同學(xué)們要加強記憶。asaresult結(jié)果atatime一次atfirst起初atlast最后atleast至少atmost最多atonce立刻atpresent目前atthesametime同時attimes有時byaccident/chance偶爾bymistake錯誤地byheart能背誦bytheway順便說一下inagreement達成協(xié)議indanger處于危險中infact實際上inturn輪流inone’sopinion以某人來看inthe/one’sway擋道innotime立刻inorder井井有條inotherwords換句話說inpublic公開地inreturn作為回報inshort總之insilence靜靜地intheend最后intime及時inall總共onbusiness出差onduty值日onfire著火onfoot步行onholiday在度假onsale在出售onstrike罷工ontheotherhand另一方面ontheway在途中ontime準(zhǔn)時toone’ssurprise/joy使人吃驚/高興的是outofbreath氣喘吁吁outofdate過時outoforder發(fā)生故障outofpatience失去耐心outofreach拿不到outofshape變形outoftouch失去聯(lián)系dayafterday日復(fù)一日yearafteryear年復(fù)一年oneafteranother一個接一個地onebyone一個一個地littlebylittle一點一點地sidebyside肩并肩地stepbystep逐步地facetoface面對面arminarm手拉手地handinhand手牽手地thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天fromAtoZ完全，徹底fromtimetotime不時地fromdoortodoor挨家挨戶地fromplacetoplace到處4.一些特殊句型中的介詞：1.It’sverykind________youtolendmeyourreusableshoppingbags.(廣東)A.of B.for C.to D.with【答案】A【解析】在句型It’s+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.中，當(dāng)形容詞表示人的品質(zhì)、性格時，介詞用of。kind表示人的性格，應(yīng)用介詞of。學(xué)&科網(wǎng)2.ImetMary,andshelentme￥20.Itwaskind_______hertolendmethemoney.(黔西南)A.for, B.of C.with D.in【答案】B3.—Daddy,I’verunoutofmypocketmoney.Ispent100Yuan________somefavoritebooks.—OK.Hereyouare.Butmakesureyousavemoneyaswell.(2017·湖北黃石)A.forB.onC.withD.at【答案】B【解析】句意為：——爸爸，我用光零錢了。我花了100元買喜歡的書了?！玫模o你。不過也要省著用啊。spendmoneyon為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“在……花費錢”。鞏固練習(xí)：1.Sheisafraid_________speakinginfrontofalargegroupofpeople.A.toB.forC.ofD.about2.It’sbadmannerstobelate________school.A.toB.forC.ofD.on3.Theteacheroftentellsusthatthefuturebelongs________us.A.toB.for